gnucash-docs stable: Multiple changes pushed
Frank H.Ellenberger
fell at code.gnucash.org
Sun Aug 20 08:09:40 EDT 2023
Updated via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/35ac3909 (commit)
via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/a4f97475 (commit)
via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/5148b19e (commit)
via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/1a3832ef (commit)
via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/9289d943 (commit)
via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/2a756dd9 (commit)
via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/960feb24 (commit)
via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/283d025e (commit)
via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/fb789e84 (commit)
via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/f92c579f (commit)
via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/e6ebaf39 (commit)
via https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/356b4776 (commit)
from https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/commit/382fb2b3 (commit)
commit 35ac39090e830714fa79d76685f7ffa532c1a303
Merge: 382fb2b3 a4f97475
Author: Frank H. Ellenberger <frank.h.ellenberger at gmail.com>
Date: Sun Aug 20 13:18:23 2023 +0200
Merge PR #323 - 'translation-zh' into stable
commit a4f97475dbe4efe0c15cf559f0880f06bd207291
Author: xuxinhang <xuxinhang4567 at 126.com>
Date: Thu Aug 10 21:40:08 2023 +0800
Add language-specific XSLT files into dist.
diff --git a/cmake/AddChmTarget.cmake b/cmake/AddChmTarget.cmake
index 284cc8f2..d1486097 100644
--- a/cmake/AddChmTarget.cmake
+++ b/cmake/AddChmTarget.cmake
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-function (add_chm_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
+function (add_chm_target targetbase lang entities figures xslt_file)
set(docname "gnucash-${targetbase}")
set(chmfile "${docname}.chm")
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ function (add_chm_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
set(BUILD_DIR "${DOCDIR_BUILD}/${lang}")
file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${BUILD_DIR}")
+ if (NOT IS_ABSOLUTE ${xslt_file})
+ set(xslt_file "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${xslt_file}")
+ endif()
+
file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/htmlhelp")
add_custom_command(
OUTPUT "${BUILD_DIR}/${chmfile}" "${BUILD_DIR}/${mapfile}"
@@ -18,7 +22,7 @@ function (add_chm_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
-D BUILD_DIR=${BUILD_DIR}
-D XSLTPROC=${XSLTPROC}
"-DXSLTPROCFLAGS=\"${XSLTPROCFLAGS}\""
- "-Dxslfiles=\"${xslfiles}\""
+ "-Dxslfiles=\"${xslt_file}\""
"-Dentities=\"${entities}\""
-D HHC=${HHC}
-P ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/MakeChm.cmake
diff --git a/cmake/AddEpubTarget.cmake b/cmake/AddEpubTarget.cmake
index a4cc9d02..fa017409 100644
--- a/cmake/AddEpubTarget.cmake
+++ b/cmake/AddEpubTarget.cmake
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-function (add_epub_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
+function (add_epub_target targetbase lang entities figures xslt_file)
set(docname "gnucash-${targetbase}")
set(epubfile "${docname}.epub")
@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ function (add_epub_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
set(BUILD_DIR "${DOCDIR_BUILD}/${lang}")
+ if (NOT IS_ABSOLUTE ${xslt_file})
+ set(xslt_file "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${xslt_file}")
+ endif()
+
add_custom_command(
OUTPUT "${BUILD_DIR}/${epubfile}"
COMMAND rm -fr "${EPUB_TMPDIR}"
@@ -17,7 +21,7 @@ function (add_epub_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
--stringparam epub.metainf.dir META-INF/
--stringparam epub.oebps.dir OEBPS/
--stringparam fop1.extensions 1
- "${xslfiles}"
+ "${xslt_file}"
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/index.docbook"
COMMAND cmake -E copy_directory "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/figures" "${EPUB_TMPDIR}/OEBPS/figures"
COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory "${BUILD_DIR}"
diff --git a/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake b/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake
index db3cfe56..cbfdcb64 100644
--- a/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake
+++ b/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake
@@ -22,22 +22,25 @@ function (add_gnc_doc_targets lang entities figures xslt_files)
add_dependencies(${lang}-check "${lang}-${targetbase}-check")
endif()
+ # Parse and assign XSLT file path for each document format
set(xslt_html "${BASE_XSLT_HTML}")
set(xslt_pdf "${BASE_XSLT_PDF}")
set(xslt_epub "${BASE_XSLT_EPUB}")
set(xslt_chm "${BASE_XSLT_CHM}")
+ set(xslt_filename_list "")
while(NOT "${xslt_files}" STREQUAL "")
- list(POP_FRONT xslt_files xslt_type xslt_filename)
- if(xslt_type STREQUAL "html")
+ list(POP_FRONT xslt_files xslt_docfmt xslt_filename)
+ list(APPEND xslt_filename_list ${xslt_filename})
+ if(xslt_docfmt STREQUAL "html")
set(xslt_html ${xslt_filename})
endif()
- if(xslt_type STREQUAL "pdf")
+ if(xslt_docfmt STREQUAL "pdf")
set(xslt_pdf ${xslt_filename})
endif()
- if(xslt_type STREQUAL "epub")
+ if(xslt_docfmt STREQUAL "epub")
set(xslt_epub ${xslt_filename})
endif()
- if(xslt_type STREQUAL "chm")
+ if(xslt_docfmt STREQUAL "chm")
set(xslt_chm ${xslt_filename})
endif()
endwhile()
@@ -66,6 +69,7 @@ function (add_gnc_doc_targets lang entities figures xslt_files)
CMakeLists.txt
index.docbook
${entities}
- ${figures})
+ ${figures}
+ ${xslt_filename_list})
endfunction()
diff --git a/cmake/AddHtmlTarget.cmake b/cmake/AddHtmlTarget.cmake
index 4e63030d..cd4abe20 100644
--- a/cmake/AddHtmlTarget.cmake
+++ b/cmake/AddHtmlTarget.cmake
@@ -8,13 +8,16 @@
# - entities: list of all xml files this document is composed of
# - figdir: name of the directory holding the images
-function (add_html_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
+function (add_html_target targetbase lang entities figures xslt_file)
set(docname "gnucash-${targetbase}")
set(styledir "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/stylesheet")
file(GLOB styleicons "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/stylesheet/*.png")
set(BUILD_DIR "${DOCDIR_BUILD}/${lang}/${docname}")
+ if (NOT IS_ABSOLUTE ${xslt_file})
+ set(xslt_file "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${xslt_file}")
+ endif()
# Convert xml to html with xsltproc
# xsltproc --xinclude -o outputdir/ /usr/share/sgml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets/html/chunk.xsl filename.xml
@@ -27,7 +30,7 @@ function (add_html_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
-o "${BUILD_DIR}/"
--param use.id.as.filename "1"
--stringparam chunker.output.encoding UTF-8
- "${xslfiles}"
+ "${xslt_file}"
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/index.docbook"
COMMAND touch "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/htmltrigger"
DEPENDS ${entities} "index.docbook" "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/docbook/gnc-docbookx.dtd")
diff --git a/cmake/AddPdfTarget.cmake b/cmake/AddPdfTarget.cmake
index d44413d8..5025cca9 100644
--- a/cmake/AddPdfTarget.cmake
+++ b/cmake/AddPdfTarget.cmake
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-function (add_pdf_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
+function (add_pdf_target targetbase lang entities figures xslt_file)
set(docname "gnucash-${targetbase}")
set(fofile "${docname}.fo")
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ function (add_pdf_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
endif()
endif()
+ if (NOT IS_ABSOLUTE ${xslt_file})
+ set(xslt_file "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${xslt_file}")
+ endif()
+
add_custom_command(
OUTPUT "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${fofile}"
COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory "${BUILD_DIR}"
@@ -27,7 +31,7 @@ function (add_pdf_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
--stringparam fop1.extensions 1
--stringparam variablelist.as.blocks 1
--stringparam glosslist.as.blocks 1
- "${xslfiles}"
+ "${xslt_file}"
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/index.docbook"
DEPENDS ${entities} "index.docbook" "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/docbook/gnc-docbookx.dtd")
diff --git a/cmake/DistCommon.cmake b/cmake/DistCommon.cmake
index aeede597..781f9ad4 100644
--- a/cmake/DistCommon.cmake
+++ b/cmake/DistCommon.cmake
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
function(add_to_dist)
set(local_dist_files ${dist_files})
foreach(file ${ARGN})
- file(RELATIVE_PATH relative ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${file})
+ if (IS_ABSOLUTE ${file})
+ set(fullpath ${file})
+ else()
+ set(fullpath ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${file})
+ endif()
+ file(RELATIVE_PATH relative ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR} ${fullpath})
list(APPEND local_dist_files ${relative})
endforeach()
set (dist_files ${local_dist_files}
diff --git a/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt b/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt
index 0c05c9c9..f5775c56 100644
--- a/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -216,8 +216,8 @@ set (figures
set (FOP_XCONF "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fop.xconf.in")
set (xslt_files
- "pdf" "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../xsl/zh-fo.xsl"
- "chm" "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../xsl/zh-chm.xsl")
+ "pdf" "../xsl/zh-fo.xsl"
+ "chm" "../xsl/zh-chm.xsl")
add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
commit 5148b19e300283ef15f3923a17da230ec1914784
Author: xuxinhang <xuxinhang4567 at 126.com>
Date: Fri Aug 4 22:46:44 2023 +0800
Refactor the build system feature for adding customized xslt files.
diff --git a/C/guide/CMakeLists.txt b/C/guide/CMakeLists.txt
index aff80b3e..06f9562a 100644
--- a/C/guide/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/C/guide/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -213,4 +213,6 @@ set (figures
figures/txns_sxn_ledger4.png
)
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+set (xslt_files "")
+
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
diff --git a/C/manual/CMakeLists.txt b/C/manual/CMakeLists.txt
index b7855838..12132271 100644
--- a/C/manual/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/C/manual/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -63,4 +63,6 @@ set (figures
figures/window-tip.png
)
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+set (xslt_files "")
+
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index f1e2654c..191a38c2 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -76,10 +76,10 @@ set(JAPANESE_GOTHIC_TTF "ume-tmo3.ttf" CACHE STRING "Gothic TrueType font used f
set(japanese_fontdir "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/fonts/truetype" CACHE STRING "Directory to search for Japanese fonts")
# Set the default XSL file path
-set(BASE_XSL_HTML "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-customization.xsl")
-set(BASE_XSL_PDF "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-fo-customization.xsl")
-set(BASE_XSL_EPUB "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-epub-customization.xsl")
-set(BASE_XSL_CHM "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-chm-customization.xsl")
+set(BASE_XSLT_HTML "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-customization.xsl")
+set(BASE_XSLT_PDF "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-fo-customization.xsl")
+set(BASE_XSLT_EPUB "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-epub-customization.xsl")
+set(BASE_XSLT_CHM "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-chm-customization.xsl")
# Buildtime destination directories for our generated documentation
set(DATADIR_BUILD "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/share")
diff --git a/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake b/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake
index 374b12dd..db3cfe56 100644
--- a/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake
+++ b/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-function (add_gnc_doc_targets lang entities figures)
+function (add_gnc_doc_targets lang entities figures xslt_files)
get_filename_component(targetbase ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} NAME)
set(docname "gnucash-${targetbase}")
@@ -22,42 +22,41 @@ function (add_gnc_doc_targets lang entities figures)
add_dependencies(${lang}-check "${lang}-${targetbase}-check")
endif()
- set(xslargs "${ARGN}")
- set(xsl_html "${BASE_XSL_HTML}")
- set(xsl_pdf "${BASE_XSL_PDF}")
- set(xsl_epub "${BASE_XSL_EPUB}")
- set(xsl_chm "${BASE_XSL_CHM}")
- while(NOT "${xslargs}" STREQUAL "")
- list(POP_FRONT xslargs xsldocumentformat xslfilepath)
- if(xsldocumentformat STREQUAL "xsl:html")
- set(xsl_html ${xslfilepath})
+ set(xslt_html "${BASE_XSLT_HTML}")
+ set(xslt_pdf "${BASE_XSLT_PDF}")
+ set(xslt_epub "${BASE_XSLT_EPUB}")
+ set(xslt_chm "${BASE_XSLT_CHM}")
+ while(NOT "${xslt_files}" STREQUAL "")
+ list(POP_FRONT xslt_files xslt_type xslt_filename)
+ if(xslt_type STREQUAL "html")
+ set(xslt_html ${xslt_filename})
endif()
- if(xsldocumentformat STREQUAL "xsl:pdf")
- set(xsl_pdf ${xslfilepath})
+ if(xslt_type STREQUAL "pdf")
+ set(xslt_pdf ${xslt_filename})
endif()
- if(xsldocumentformat STREQUAL "xsl:epub")
- set(xsl_epub ${xslfilepath})
+ if(xslt_type STREQUAL "epub")
+ set(xslt_epub ${xslt_filename})
endif()
- if(xsldocumentformat STREQUAL "xsl:chm")
- set(xsl_chm ${xslfilepath})
+ if(xslt_type STREQUAL "chm")
+ set(xslt_chm ${xslt_filename})
endif()
endwhile()
# Add targets for each document format that is enabled
if (WITH_CHM)
- add_chm_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xsl_chm}")
+ add_chm_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_chm}")
endif()
if (WITH_XDGHELP)
add_xdghelp_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
endif()
if (WITH_HTML)
- add_html_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xsl_html}")
+ add_html_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_html}")
endif()
if (WITH_PDF)
- add_pdf_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xsl_pdf}")
+ add_pdf_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_pdf}")
endif()
if (WITH_EPUB)
- add_epub_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xsl_epub}")
+ add_epub_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_epub}")
endif()
if (WITH_MOBI)
add_mobi_target(${targetbase} ${lang})
diff --git a/de/guide/CMakeLists.txt b/de/guide/CMakeLists.txt
index 6d732922..474036a7 100644
--- a/de/guide/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/de/guide/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -186,4 +186,6 @@ set (figures
)
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+set (xslt_files "")
+
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
diff --git a/de/manual/CMakeLists.txt b/de/manual/CMakeLists.txt
index 6310bfab..415b70da 100644
--- a/de/manual/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/de/manual/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -97,4 +97,6 @@ set (figures
figures/window-main-empty.png
)
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+set (xslt_files "")
+
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
diff --git a/it/guide/CMakeLists.txt b/it/guide/CMakeLists.txt
index 853fee60..7bf7e3be 100644
--- a/it/guide/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/it/guide/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -191,7 +191,9 @@ set (figures
# xml2po -e -p ${srcdir}/it.po -o $@ ${top_srcdir}/guide/C/index.docbook
# if test "${srcdir}" != "${builddir}"; then mv $@ ${srcdir}; fi
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "" "${figures}")
+set (xslt_files "")
+
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
set(extra_dist
COME-TRADURRE
diff --git a/it/manual/CMakeLists.txt b/it/manual/CMakeLists.txt
index 81dcf184..483210b8 100644
--- a/it/manual/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/it/manual/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -40,7 +40,9 @@ set (figures
# xml2po -e -p ${srcdir}/it.po -o $@ ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/manual/C/index.docbook
# if test "${srcdir}" != "${builddir}"; then mv $@ ${srcdir}; fi
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "" "${figures}")
+set (xslt_files "")
+
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
set(extra_dist
COME-TRADURRE
diff --git a/ja/guide/CMakeLists.txt b/ja/guide/CMakeLists.txt
index 4f3ff914..c5cadfb9 100644
--- a/ja/guide/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/ja/guide/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -179,9 +179,11 @@ set (figures
figures/txns_sxn_ledger4.png
)
+set (xslt_files "")
+
set (FOP_XCONF "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fop.xconf.in")
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
set(extra_dist
fop.xconf.in)
diff --git a/pt/guide/CMakeLists.txt b/pt/guide/CMakeLists.txt
index 71a730e1..e4793e2b 100644
--- a/pt/guide/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/pt/guide/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -190,4 +190,6 @@ set (figures
figures/txns_sxn_ledger4.png
)
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+set (xslt_files "")
+
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
diff --git a/pt/manual/CMakeLists.txt b/pt/manual/CMakeLists.txt
index 7331db6e..418f6e6d 100644
--- a/pt/manual/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/pt/manual/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -37,4 +37,6 @@ set (figures
figures/icons/split_transaction.png
)
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+set (xslt_files "")
+
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
diff --git a/ru/guide/CMakeLists.txt b/ru/guide/CMakeLists.txt
index b10d34c4..e9da09b5 100644
--- a/ru/guide/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/ru/guide/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -199,9 +199,11 @@ set (figures
figures/txns_sxn_ledger4.png
)
+set (xslt_files "")
+
set (FOP_XCONF "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fop.xconf.in")
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
set(extra_dist
fop.xconf.in)
diff --git a/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt b/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt
index 46370f46..0c05c9c9 100644
--- a/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -215,9 +215,11 @@ set (figures
set (FOP_XCONF "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fop.xconf.in")
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}"
- "xsl:pdf" "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../xsl/zh-fo.xsl"
- "xsl:chm" "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../xsl/zh-chm.xsl")
+set (xslt_files
+ "pdf" "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../xsl/zh-fo.xsl"
+ "chm" "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../xsl/zh-chm.xsl")
+
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xslt_files}")
set(extra_dist
fop.xconf.in)
commit 1a3832ef4cb6f10456c3586413c2d36c884112ab
Author: xuxinhang <xuxinhang4567 at 126.com>
Date: Fri Aug 4 22:15:59 2023 +0800
Translate-Zh: translate basics_AccountRelationships.svg/.png
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png
index 8d4c3ca3..2e8649a2 100644
Binary files a/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg b/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg
index bc3efdaf..369deda1 100644
--- a/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg
+++ b/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg
@@ -144,14 +144,14 @@
<text
xml:space="preserve"
style="font-size:20px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
- x="10.916859"
+ x="30.916859"
y="982.15399"
id="text2997"
sodipodi:linespacing="125%"><tspan
sodipodi:role="line"
id="tspan2999"
- x="10.916859"
- y="982.15399">Income</tspan></text>
+ x="30.916859"
+ y="982.15399">收入</tspan></text>
<path
inkscape:connector-curvature="0"
style="fill:#ff7d69;fill-opacity:1;fill-rule:nonzero;stroke:#bc1600;stroke-width:2;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"
@@ -160,14 +160,14 @@
<text
xml:space="preserve"
style="font-size:20px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
- x="400.88116"
+ x="420.88116"
y="982.15399"
id="text3001"
sodipodi:linespacing="125%"><tspan
sodipodi:role="line"
id="tspan3003"
- x="400.88116"
- y="982.15399">Expenses</tspan></text>
+ x="420.88116"
+ y="982.15399">费用</tspan></text>
<rect
style="opacity:1;fill:#cfcfcf;fill-opacity:1;fill-rule:nonzero;stroke:#8a8a8a;stroke-width:2.05670190000000019;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"
id="rect2985"
@@ -184,24 +184,24 @@
sodipodi:linespacing="125%"
id="text2989"
y="993.79077"
- x="412.5282"
+ x="401.5282"
style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
xml:space="preserve"><tspan
y="993.79077"
- x="412.5282"
+ x="401.5282"
id="tspan2991"
- sodipodi:role="line">Equity</tspan></text>
+ sodipodi:role="line">所有者æƒç›Š</tspan></text>
<text
sodipodi:linespacing="125%"
id="text2993"
y="1010.5051"
- x="384.42859"
- style="font-size:14px;font-style:oblique;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans Oblique"
+ x="404.42859"
+ style="font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans, serif;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans Oblique"
xml:space="preserve"><tspan
y="1010.5051"
- x="384.42859"
+ x="404.42859"
id="tspan2995"
- sodipodi:role="line">( Assets - Liabilities )</tspan></text>
+ sodipodi:role="line">( 资产 - 负债 )</tspan></text>
</g>
<g
id="g5033"
@@ -220,26 +220,26 @@
id="g3021">
<text
xml:space="preserve"
- style="font-size:14px;font-style:oblique;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans Oblique"
- x="153.72238"
+ style="font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans, serif;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans Oblique"
+ x="175.72238"
y="1010.5051"
id="text3005"
sodipodi:linespacing="125%"><tspan
sodipodi:role="line"
id="tspan3007"
- x="153.72238"
- y="1010.5051">Positive Value</tspan></text>
+ x="175.72238"
+ y="1010.5051">æ£é‡‘é¢</tspan></text>
<text
xml:space="preserve"
style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
- x="167.02267"
+ x="177.02267"
y="993.17554"
id="text3013"
sodipodi:linespacing="125%"><tspan
sodipodi:role="line"
id="tspan3015"
- x="167.02267"
- y="993.17554">Assets</tspan></text>
+ x="177.02267"
+ y="993.17554">资产</tspan></text>
</g>
</g>
<rect
@@ -258,24 +258,24 @@
sodipodi:linespacing="125%"
id="text3009"
y="1010.5051"
- x="271.91086"
- style="font-size:14px;font-style:oblique;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans Oblique"
+ x="301.91086"
+ style="font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans, serif;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans Oblique"
xml:space="preserve"><tspan
y="1010.5051"
- x="271.91086"
+ x="301.91086"
id="tspan3011"
- sodipodi:role="line">Negative Value</tspan></text>
+ sodipodi:role="line">负金é¢</tspan></text>
<text
sodipodi:linespacing="125%"
id="text3017"
y="993.79077"
- x="272.28781"
+ x="302.28781"
style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
xml:space="preserve"><tspan
y="993.79077"
- x="272.28781"
+ x="302.28781"
id="tspan3019"
- sodipodi:role="line">Liabilities</tspan></text>
+ sodipodi:role="line">负债</tspan></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>
commit 9289d943e9241a9f5d9870a8f353ed86bbc15f81
Author: xuxinhang <xuxinhang4567 at 126.com>
Date: Sat Jul 22 16:23:33 2023 +0800
Translation-Zh: Primary text translation for guide/ch_cbooks and guide/ch_expenses
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_cbook.xml b/zh/guide/ch_cbook.xml
index d9007def..76eeef2f 100644
--- a/zh/guide/ch_cbook.xml
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_cbook.xml
@@ -13,195 +13,122 @@
Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
Originally written by Carol Champagne.
Translators:
+ Xinhang Xu <xuxinhang4567 at outlook.com>
(translators put your name and email here)
-->
<chapter id="chapter_cbook">
- <title>Checkbook</title>
+ <title>活期账户与现金</title>
- <para>This chapter will give you all the specific information you need to manage your checkbook with
- &app;. Managing your checkbook register is the first step of tracking your finances, and &app;
- makes it much easier to manage than the traditional paper register does.
+ <para>è¿™ä¸€ç« ä¼šç»™å‡ºä½¿ç”¨&app;管ç†æ´»æœŸè´¦æˆ·çš„具体信æ¯ã€‚管ç†æ´»æœŸè´¦ç°¿æ˜¯è·Ÿè¸ªä¸ªäººè´¢åŠ¡çŠ¶å†µçš„第一æ¥ã€‚使用&app;管ç†èµ·æ¥æ¯”ä¼ ç»Ÿçš„çº¸åˆ¶è´¦ç°¿æ›´åŠ æ–¹ä¾¿ã€‚
</para>
- <para>For one thing, as discussed in <xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>, data entry of common
- transactions is practically done for you in &app;, because of its auto-completion feature. &app;
- keeps a running balance of each account, and it makes reconciling these accounts easy. And the
- double-entry method helps you account for your spending by requiring a transfer account for
- withdrawals, so you can easily find out how much money you spend in different areas.
+ <para>在æ£å¼å¼€å§‹ä¹‹å‰ï¼Œå…ˆæ¥å›žæƒ³ä¸€ä¸‹<xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>介ç»çš„内容。借助&app;的自动补全功能，常è§äº¤æ˜“çš„æ•°æ®å½•å…¥å·¥ä½œå®žé™…很简å•ã€‚&app;实时更新æ¯ä¸ªç§‘目的余é¢ï¼Œå› æ¤ç§‘目对账也相当方便。å¤å¼è®°è´¦æ³•è¦æ±‚为æ¯é¡¹äº¤æ˜“æŒ‡å®šè½¬å‡ºç§‘ç›®ï¼Œæœ‰åŠ©äºŽä½ ç†æ¸…å„项开销，也方便查明在å„个方é¢éƒ½èŠ±äº†å¤šå°‘钱。
</para>
- <para>Once you are comfortable with using &app; for your checking and other bank accounts, you may wish to
- continue on with tracking other financial accounts. Chapters 6 through 9 examine methods to
- manage your other accounts.
+ <para>在熟练使用&app;管ç†æ´»æœŸè´¦æˆ·å’Œå…¶å®ƒé“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·ä¹‹åŽï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½æƒ³è¦å†è·Ÿè¸ªå…¶å®ƒé‡‘èžè´¦æˆ·ã€‚第6ç« è‡³ç¬¬9ç« è¯¦ç»†è®¨è®ºäº†ç®¡ç†å…¶å®ƒè´¦æˆ·çš„方法。
</para>
<sect1 id="cbook-accounts1">
- <title>Setting up Accounts</title>
+ <title>创建科目</title>
- <para>The first step in managing your checkbook is to set up the necessary accounts. You can either use
- the default &app; accounts or set up your own. For more detail on how to set up a new account,
- refer to <xref linkend="accts-examples-toplevel2"></xref>. For instructions on importing your
- accounts from another program, refer to the &app; manual.
+ <para>管ç†æ´»æœŸè´¦æˆ·çš„第一æ¥å°±æ˜¯åˆ›å»ºå¿…è¦çš„ç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä½ æ—¢å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨é»˜è®¤çš„&app;科目，也å¯ä»¥è‡ªè¡Œåˆ›å»ºã€‚有关创建新科目的具体æ¥éª¤ï¼Œè¯·å‚考<xref linkend="accts-examples-toplevel2"></xref>。有关由其它软件导入科目结构的方法，请å‚考&app;帮助手册。
</para>
- <para>Let’s start with the bank accounts you’ll need. You need one &app; bank type account for
- each physical bank account you wish to track. If you are setting up your own accounts or using
- the default &app; accounts, make sure that you have an opening balance transaction for each
- bank account you own. The easiest way to get this number is to use the balance from your last
- bank statement as your opening balance. You can enter this in the account information window
- automatically as part of the <guilabel>New Account Hierarchy Setup</guilabel> assistant, or
- you can enter a manual transaction directly in the account. To enter the transaction manually,
- enter a transfer from an <guilabel>Opening Balances</guilabel> account (type equity) to the
- bank account.
+ <para>现在先æ¥åˆ›å»ºæŽ¥ä¸‹æ¥è¦ç”¨åˆ°çš„çš„é“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·ç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä½ éœ€è¦ä¸ºæ¯ä¸ªæƒ³è¦è·Ÿè¸ªçš„实际银行账户创建一个&app;银行类型科目。ä¸è®ºæ˜¯è‡ªè¡Œåˆ›å»ºç§‘目还是使用&app;的默认科目，确ä¿æ¯ä¸ªé“¶è¡Œç§‘目都拥有一项期åˆä½™é¢äº¤æ˜“。最简å•çš„æ–¹æ³•å°±æ˜¯ç›´æŽ¥ä½¿ç”¨æœ€è¿‘ä¸€å¼ é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•çš„ä½™é¢ä½œä¸ºæœŸåˆä½™é¢ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥åœ¨<guilabel>新建科目层次结构</guilabel>å‘导的科目信æ¯çª—å£ä¸è¾“入期åˆä½™é¢ï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥åœ¨ç§‘ç›®ä¸æ‰‹åŠ¨å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“。手动录入的交易应设为从<guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>科目（科目类型为所有者æƒç›Šï¼‰å‘银行科目的转账。
</para>
- <para>The typical bank accounts you might track include:
- </para>
+ <para>ä½ è¦è·Ÿè¸ªçš„银行科目一般有：</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
- <para>Checking - any institutional account that provides check-writing privileges.
+ <para>活期å˜æ¬¾ - 任何æ供支付能力的机构账户。
+ <!-- Checking - any institutional account that provides check-writing privileges. -->
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Savings - an interest-bearing institutional account usually used to hold money for a longer term
- than checking accounts.
+ <para>储蓄å˜æ¬¾ - 付æ¯çš„机构账户，通常用于期é™æ¯”活期账户更长的å˜æ¬¾ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
- <para>Common transactions that affect these bank accounts are payments and deposits.
- <emphasis>Payments</emphasis> are transfers of money out of the bank account, usually to an
- expense account. <emphasis>Deposits</emphasis> are transfers of money into the bank account,
- usually from an income account. You will need to set up income and expense accounts to track
- where that money comes from and where it goes. Remember that a balanced transaction requires a
- transfer of an equal sum of money from at least one account to at least one other account. So
- if you deposit money in your checking account, you must also enter the account that money
- comes from. If you pay a bill from your checking account, you must also enter the account
- where that money goes.
+ <para>å½±å“这些银行科目的常è§äº¤æ˜“有付款和å˜æ¬¾ã€‚<emphasis>付款</emphasis>指将钱从银行科目ä¸è½¬å‡ºï¼Œé€šå¸¸è½¬è‡³è´¹ç”¨ç§‘目。<emphasis>å˜æ¬¾</emphasis>æŒ‡å°†é’±è½¬å…¥é“¶è¡Œç§‘ç›®ï¼Œé€šå¸¸è½¬è‡ªæ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä½ éœ€è¦åˆ›å»ºæ”¶å…¥å’Œè´¹ç”¨ç§‘目跟踪钱从哪里æ¥ï¼Œåˆåˆ°äº†å“ªé‡ŒåŽ»ã€‚请记得，平衡的交易ä¸æ¥æºç§‘目与目的科目的转账总é¢ç›¸ç‰ã€‚æ‰€ä»¥ï¼Œä½ å¦‚æžœå‘活期科目å˜æ¬¾ï¼Œä¹Ÿå¿…须输入款项æ¥è‡ªäºŽå“ªä¸ªç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä½ å¦‚æžœä½¿ç”¨æ´»æœŸç§‘ç›®æ”¯ä»˜è´¦å•ï¼Œä¹Ÿå¿…须输入款项转去了哪个科目。
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="cbook-deposits1">
- <title>Entering Deposits</title>
+ <title>录入å˜æ¬¾</title>
- <para>Most deposit transactions are entered as a transfer from an income account to a bank account. Income
- may come from many sources, and it’s a good idea to set up a separate income type
- account for each different source. For example, your income may come mainly from your
- paychecks, but you may also receive interest on your savings. In this case, you should have
- one income account for salary and another income account for interest income.
+ <para>å˜æ¬¾äº¤æ˜“大多录入为由收入科目å‘银行科目的转账。收入æ¥æºå„å¼å„æ ·ï¼Œæœ€å¥½ä¸ºä¸åŒçš„收入æ¥æºåˆ›å»ºå„è‡ªçš„æ”¶å…¥ç±»åž‹ç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ çš„æ”¶å…¥å¯èƒ½ä¸»è¦æ¥è‡ªäºŽå·¥èµ„ï¼Œä½†ä½ å¯èƒ½ä¹Ÿä¼šæ”¶åˆ°å‚¨è“„å˜æ¬¾çš„利æ¯ã€‚在这ç§æƒ…å†µä¸‹ï¼Œä½ åº”è¯¥ä¸ºå·¥èµ„å»ºç«‹ä¸€ä¸ªæ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ï¼Œå¹¶ä¸ºæ”¶åˆ°çš„åˆ©æ¯å»ºç«‹å¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ”¶å…¥ç§‘目。
</para>
<tip>
- <para>Be sure to check the Tax-Related box and assign an appropriate tax category in the Income Tax
- Information Dialog (
- <menuchoice>
- <guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Tax Report Options</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>
- ) when you set up taxable income accounts. Some types of income, such as gift income, may
- not be considered taxable, so check the appropriate tax rules to determine what is taxable.
- For ways to track capital gains income, refer to <xref linkend="chapter_capgain"></xref>.
+ <!-- ToDoZ:（译注：本段内容å¯èƒ½ä¸é€‚用于ä¸å›½å¤§é™†åœ°åŒºä¸ªäººçº³ç¨Žäººï¼‰-->
+ <para>记得检查纳税信æ¯<!-- ToDoZ: Tax-Related box -->，并在建立应税收入科目时在<guilabel>收入纳税信æ¯</guilabel>对è¯æ¡†ï¼ˆ
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>编辑</guimenu><guimenuitem>报税选项<!-- ToDoG --></guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ ）ä¸æŒ‡å®šé€‚åˆçš„纳税类型。一些收入类型，如礼å“收入，å¯èƒ½ä¸è§†ä¸ºåº”税的，所以请查阅适åˆçš„税务法规确定æŸé¡¹æ”¶å…¥æ˜¯å¦åº”税。跟踪资本利得<!-- ToDoZ: -->的方法请å‚考<xref linkend="chapter_capgain"></xref>。
</para>
</tip>
- <para>Before you start entering paycheck deposits, decide how much detail you want to track. The basic
- level of detail is to enter your net pay, just like you would in your paper register. This is
- easiest, but you can get even more information out of &app; if you enter your gross pay with
- deductions. It takes a bit more effort to enter the deductions, but entering your tax
- withholding information throughout the year allows you to run useful tax status reports in
- &app; at any time. These reports can help you determine whether you are withholding enough
- tax, and they can help you estimate your tax bill ahead of time. If you are unsure about the
- level of detail, start by entering net pay. You can always go back and edit your transactions
- later if you decide you want more detail.
+ <para>在ç€æ‰‹å½•å…¥å·¥èµ„å˜æ¬¾æ—¶ï¼Œè¯·æƒ³æ¸…æ¥šä½ æƒ³è¦è®°å½•å¾—æœ‰å¤šç»†ã€‚æœ€åŸºæœ¬çš„æ˜¯å½•å…¥ä½ çš„å‡€å·¥èµ„ï¼Œå°±åƒä½ ä¼šåœ¨çº¸åˆ¶è´¦ç°¿ä¸Šè®°å½•çš„é‚£æ ·ã€‚è¿™æ˜¯æœ€ç®€å•çš„记录方å¼ï¼Œä¸è¿‡ä½ 如果录入包å«æ‰£é™¤é¢çš„毛工资，则å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨&app;分æžå‡ºæ›´å¤šä¿¡æ¯ã€‚录入扣除é¢æ˜¯è¦èŠ±ç‚¹å·¥å¤«ï¼Œä½†ä½ 在录入整年的预扣税信æ¯åŽï¼Œå¯ä»¥éšæ—¶åœ¨&app;ä¸ç”Ÿæˆå®žç”¨çš„税务状况报表。<!-- ToDoZ: tax status reports是什么 -->ã€‚è¿™äº›æŠ¥è¡¨èƒ½å¤Ÿå¸®åŠ©ä½ ç¡®å®šä½ æ˜¯å¦è¶³é¢çº³ç¨Žï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥å¸®åŠ©ä½ 预估税å•ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸ç¡®å®šè®°å½•çš„细致程度，则å¯ä»¥å…ˆä»Žå½•å…¥å‡€å·¥èµ„å¼€å§‹ã€‚ä½ å¦‚æžœæƒ³è¦æ›´è¯¦ç»†çš„ä¿¡æ¯ï¼Œæ€»æ˜¯å¯ä»¥å›žå¤´ç¼–辑这些交易。
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="cbook-withdrawals1">
- <title>Entering Withdrawals</title>
+ <title>录入å–款</title>
- <para>When you withdraw money from your bank account, for whatever reason, you are transferring money from
- your bank account to some other location. In &app;, this other location is tracked as an
- account. The more detailed accounts you create and use for your spending, the more information
- you will get about where your money goes.
+ <para>ä¸è®ºä½ å‡ºäºŽä»€ä¹ˆåŽŸå› è¦ä»Žé“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·ä¸å–æ¬¾æ—¶ï¼Œä½ å°±åœ¨å°†é’±ä»Žé“¶è¡Œç§‘ç›®è½¬è‡³å…¶å®ƒåœ°æ–¹ã€‚åœ¨&app;ä¸ï¼Œè¿™é‡Œæ‰€è¯´çš„“其它地方â€ä¹Ÿæ˜¯å¯¹åº”ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä½ ç”¨äºŽè®°å½•èŠ±é”€çš„ç§‘ç›®å»ºç«‹å¾—è¶Šç»†è‡´ï¼Œä½ å°±èƒ½å°†é’±æ¬¾çš„åŽ»å‘分æžå¾—越详尽。
</para>
- <para>Withdrawals take many forms. ATM withdrawals are one of the most common transactions. Writing checks
- is one way to withdraw money to pay bills, to buy purchases, or to give to charity. Depending
- on your bank, you might also have service charges, where the bank withdraws the money from
- your account. Transfers of money out to another account are also withdrawals. We will take a
- look at each of these types of withdrawals and how to record them in &app;.
+ <para>å–款有多ç§å½¢å¼ã€‚ATM机å–款是最常è§çš„交易形å¼ä¹‹ä¸€ã€‚填写支票是一ç§å–款用以支付账å•ã€é‡‡è´å•†å“或æ款的形å¼ã€‚æ ¹æ®é“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·çš„ä¸åŒï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½è¿˜è¦æ”¯ä»˜æœåŠ¡è´¹ï¼Œé“¶è¡Œä¼šä»Žè´¦æˆ·ä¸æ‰£é™¤è¿™ç¬”钱。将款项转出至其它账户也是一ç§å–款。下é¢å°†é€ä¸€ä»‹ç»è¿™å‡ ç§å–款的形å¼ï¼Œå¹¶è¯´æ˜Žåœ¨&app;ä¸å¦‚何记录å„å¼å–款。
</para>
<sect2 id="cbook-atm2">
- <title>ATM/Cash Withdrawals</title>
+ <title>使用ATM机å–出现金</title>
- <para>Cash withdrawals are handled as a transfer from a bank account to a cash account. &app; provides
- special <emphasis>Cash</emphasis> type accounts for tracking your cash purchases, so you
- should set up a cash account to record your ATM and other cash withdrawals.
+ <para>现金å–款处ç†ä¸ºä»Žé“¶è¡Œç§‘目到现金科目的转账。&app;特地æä¾›<emphasis>现金</emphasis>ç±»åž‹ç§‘ç›®ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªçŽ°é‡‘äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ä½ åº”å½“å»ºç«‹çŽ°é‡‘ç§‘ç›®è®°å½•ATM机和其它现金å–款。
</para>
- <para>Cash accounts can be used for different levels of detail. On a basic level of detail, you simply
- transfer money to it from your checking account. That tells you how much money you took out
- of checking on a given day, but it doesn’t tell you where that cash was spent. With a
- little more effort, you can use the cash account to record your cash purchases as well, so
- that you can see where that cash went. You record these purchases as a transfer from the
- cash account to expense accounts.
+ <para>在现金科目ä¸ï¼Œå¯ä»¥æŒ‰ä¸åŒçš„细致程度录入交易。最基本的细致程度是åªæ˜¯ç®€å•åœ°å½•å…¥ä»Žæ´»æœŸç§‘ç›®å‘çŽ°é‡‘ç§‘ç›®çš„è½¬è´¦ã€‚è¿™æ ·åšï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥å¾—知æŸå¤©ä½ 从活期账户ä¸å–å‡ºäº†å¤šå°‘é’±ï¼Œä½†ä½ æ— ä»Žå¾—çŸ¥è¿™äº›çŽ°é‡‘èŠ±åˆ°å“ªé‡ŒåŽ»äº†ã€‚å†è´¹ç‚¹å¿ƒæ€ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨çŽ°é‡‘ç§‘ç›®è®°å½•çŽ°é‡‘æ”¯å‡ºï¼Œè¿™æ ·ä¸€æ¥ï¼Œä½ å°±å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°çŽ°é‡‘èŠ±åˆ°å“ªé‡ŒåŽ»äº†ã€‚ä½ åº”å°†è¿™äº›æ”¯å‡ºå½•å…¥ä¸ºä»ŽçŽ°é‡‘ç§‘ç›®åˆ°è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®çš„è½¬è´¦ã€‚
</para>
- <para>Some people record every cash purchase, but this takes a lot of work. An easier way is to record the
- purchases for which you have receipts, but then adjust the balance of the account to match
- what is in your wallet.
+ <para>一些人会记下æ¯ä¸€ç¬”çŽ°é‡‘æ”¯å‡ºï¼Œä½†è¿™æ ·ä¼šèŠ±å¾ˆå¤šç²¾åŠ›ã€‚ä¸€ç§æ›´ç®€å•çš„æ–¹å¼æ˜¯åªè®°å½•æ‰‹å¤´æœ‰ç›¸åº”收æ®çš„支出，之åŽå†è°ƒæ•´ç§‘目余é¢ï¼Œä½¿ä¹‹ä¸Žé’±åŒ…现金总é¢ç›¸ç¬¦ã€‚
</para>
- <para>It’s a good idea to at least set up a cash account for your withdrawals. Then if you decide to
- track where your cash goes, you can enter transactions for the money you spend. You
- determine what level of detail you want to use.
+ <para>最好至少为å–æ¬¾å»ºç«‹çŽ°é‡‘ç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä½ å¦‚æžœä»¥åŽå†³å®šè·Ÿè¸ªçŽ°é‡‘的去处，就å¯ä»¥ä¸ºèŠ±å‡ºåŽ»çš„é’±å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥è‡ªç”±å†³å®šæƒ³è¦çš„记录细致程度。
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="cbook-reconacct1">
- <title>Reconciling Your Accounts</title>
+ <title>科目对账</title>
- <para>&app; makes reconciliation of your bank account with your monthly bank statement much easier.
- <xref linkend="txns-reconcile1"></xref> gives instructions on how to reconcile your
- transactions with the monthly bank statement. This is the main reconciliation task that should
- be done every month.
+ <para>借助&app;ï¼Œæ ¹æ®é“¶è¡Œæœˆè´¦å•ä¸ºé“¶è¡Œç§‘目对账å˜å¾—è½»æ¾è®¸å¤šã€‚<xref linkend="txns-reconcile1"></xref>ç»™å‡ºäº†æ ¹æ®é“¶è¡Œæœˆè´¦å•è¿›è¡Œäº¤æ˜“对账的æ¥éª¤ã€‚这是æ¯ä¸ªæœˆéƒ½è¦åšçš„主è¦å¯¹è´¦ä»»åŠ¡ã€‚
</para>
- <para>But what about all those other accounts you created? Should those be reconciled too? If you receive
- a statement for the account, then you should consider reconciling that account. Examples
- include the checking account statement, the savings account statement, and the credit card
- statement. Credit card statements and credit card transactions are covered in the
- <xref linkend="chapter_cc"></xref>, so if you are interested in tracking your credit cards in
- &app;, take a look at the instructions provided there.
+ <para>ä¸è¿‡è¯¥æ€Žä¹ˆå¤„ç†å…¶å®ƒä½ 创建的科目呢？这些科目也应当对账å—ï¼Ÿå¦‚æžœä½ å¾—åˆ°äº†æŸä¸€ç§‘目对应的账å•ï¼Œé‚£ä½ 就该考虑为这个科目对账了。常è§çš„例å有，活期账户账å•ã€å‚¨è“„账户账å•å’Œä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´¦å•ã€‚信用å¡è´¦å•å’Œä¿¡ç”¨å¡äº¤æ˜“会在<xref linkend="chapter_cc"></xref>介ç»ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥å¦‚æžœä½ æƒ³åœ¨&app;ä¸è·Ÿè¸ªä¿¡ç”¨å¡ï¼Œä¸å¦¨çœ‹çœ‹é‚£ä¸€ç« 给出的æ“作指导。
</para>
- <para>Income and expense accounts are usually not reconciled, because there is no statement to check them
- against. You also don’t need to reconcile cash accounts, for the same reason. With a
- cash account, though, you might want to adjust the balance every once in a while, so that your
- actual cash on hand matches the balance in your cash account. Adjusting balances is covered in
- the next section.
+ <para>收入和费用科目通常ä¸å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œå› 为没有账å•å¯ç”¨ä½œå¯¹è´¦ä¾æ®ã€‚出于åŒæ ·çš„åŽŸå› ï¼Œä½ ä¹Ÿä¸å¿…为现金科目对账。ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½è¦ä¸æ—¶è°ƒæ•´çŽ°é‡‘科目的余é¢ï¼Œä»¥ä½¿ä½ 手头实际的现金总é¢ä¸ŽçŽ°é‡‘科目的余é¢ç›¸ç¬¦ã€‚下é¢ä¸€èŠ‚会介ç»è°ƒæ•´ä½™é¢çš„方法。
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="cbook-together1">
- <title>Putting It All Together</title>
+ <title>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</title>
- <para>In <xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>, you entered some transactions in your checking account. In
- this chapter, we will add more transactions and then reconcile them.
+ <para>在<xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>ï¼Œä½ å·²ç»å‘æ´»æœŸç§‘ç›®å½•å…¥äº†ä¸€äº›äº¤æ˜“ã€‚åœ¨æœ¬ç« ä¸ï¼Œæˆ‘ä»¬ä¼šæ·»åŠ æ›´å¤šçš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œå¹¶ä¸ºå…¶å¯¹è´¦ã€‚
</para>
<sect2 id="cbook-puttoget-open2">
- <title>Opening Balances</title>
+ <title>期åˆä½™é¢</title>
- <para>So, let’s get started by opening the gcashdata file you saved in the last chapter
- (<filename>gcashdata_4</filename>). Your chart of accounts should look like this:
+ <para>çŽ°åœ¨ï¼Œå…ˆæ‰“å¼€åœ¨ä¸Šä¸€ç« ä¿å˜çš„&app;æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ï¼ˆ<filename>gcashdata_4</filename>）。科目表应该如下图所示：
</para>
<figure>
- <title>The Chart Of Accounts</title>
+ <title>科目表</title>
<screenshot id="cbook-gcashdata4">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -209,7 +136,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Chart of Accounts.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ç§‘目表。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -218,23 +145,16 @@
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cbook-puttoget-transactions">
- <title>Add some transactions</title>
+ <title>æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
- <para>Now open the <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account from the main window. In the last chapter, you
- entered some paycheck transactions as deposits into Checking. Now we will enter another
- kind of deposit - a transfer of money from Savings into Checking. On a blank line, enter
- a transaction to transfer $500 from <emphasis>Savings</emphasis> to
- <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> (In this case, the last transaction date was March 28, but
- this transfer transaction took place on the March 24). Your Transfer account will be
- <emphasis>Savings</emphasis>, since you are in the <emphasis>Checking</emphasis>
- account. Your <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account should now look like this:
+ <para>现在从主窗å£æ‰“å¼€<emphasis>活期</emphasis>ç§‘ç›®ã€‚åœ¨ä¸Šä¸€ç« ä¸ï¼Œä½ 录入了工资å˜å…¥æ´»æœŸé“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·çš„交易。现在录入å¦ä¸€ç§ç±»åž‹çš„å˜æ¬¾äº¤æ˜“——由储蓄账户到活期账户的转账。在空白行ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥ä¸€é¡¹ç”±<emphasis>储蓄å˜æ¬¾</emphasis>转账500元到<emphasis>活期å˜æ¬¾</emphasis>的交易。（在这里，最åŽä¸€é¡¹äº¤æ˜“的日期是3月28日，但这项转账交易å‘生在3月24日。）交易的转账科目应设为<emphasis>储蓄å˜æ¬¾</emphasis>ï¼Œå› ä¸ºä½ æ˜¯åœ¨<emphasis>活期å˜æ¬¾</emphasis>科目ä¸ã€‚现在<emphasis>活期å˜æ¬¾</emphasis>科目应当如下所示：
</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
<figure>
- <title>The Checking Account Register</title>
+ <title><emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目账簿</title>
<screenshot id="cbook-transferin">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -242,7 +162,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Checking Account Register.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†æ´»æœŸç§‘目账簿。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -251,18 +171,12 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Now let’s write some checks on this account. First, write a check to HomeTown Grocery for $75
- (5th of March). Your transfer account is <emphasis>Groceries</emphasis>, since all of
- this money is going to buy groceries. Next, write a check to ABC Hardware for $100 (6 of
- March), and split this amount between two expenses: <emphasis>Household</emphasis> $50
- and <emphasis>Tools</emphasis> $50. You will need to create an
- <emphasis>Expense</emphasis> type account for each of these, then enter splits for them.
- Your checking account should now look like this;
+ <para>现在æ¥åœ¨ç§‘ç›®ä¸è®°å½•ä¸€äº›æ”¯ä»˜æ´»åŠ¨ã€‚首先，å‘家门å£æ‚货店总计支付75元（3月5日）。转账科目为<emphasis>食å“æ‚è´§</emphasis>ï¼Œå› ä¸ºè¿™ç¬”é’±éƒ½ç”¨æ¥ä¹°æ‚货了。接下æ¥ï¼Œå‘壹贰å五金店支付100元（3月6日），并将æ¤é‡‘é¢åˆ†å½•ä¸ºä¸¤é¡¹è´¹ç”¨ï¼š<emphasis>家居用å“</emphasis>çš„50元和<emphasis>工具</emphasis>çš„50å…ƒã€‚ä½ éœ€è¦ä¸ºè¿™ä¸¤é¡¹æ”¯å‡ºå„创建一个<emphasis>费用</emphasis>类型科目，然åŽå†ä¸ºå…¶å½•å…¥åˆ†å½•ã€‚现在<emphasis>活期å˜æ¬¾</emphasis>科目应当如下所示：
</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
<figure>
- <title>The Checking Account Register After Registering Some More Checks</title>
+ <title>在填入更多支付记录åŽçš„<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目账簿</title>
<screenshot id="cbook-checkexamp">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -270,7 +184,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Checking Account Register after registering some more checks.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†å¡«å…¥æ›´å¤šæ”¯ä»˜è®°å½•åŽçš„<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目账簿。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -279,17 +193,12 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Suppose you now need to withdraw some money. You don’t have a cash account set up in your
- chart of accounts, so you will need to create one. Create the account as
- <guilabel>Cash</guilabel> as a top-level account of type <guilabel>Asset</guilabel>.
- From your <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account register, enter an ATM type withdrawal
- to transfer $100 from <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> to <emphasis>Cash</emphasis> on the
- 25 of March.
+ <para>å‡è®¾ä½ 现在需è¦å–些钱出æ¥ã€‚ä½ çŽ°åœ¨è¿˜æ²¡æœ‰åœ¨ç§‘ç›®è¡¨ä¸åˆ›å»ºçŽ°é‡‘ç§‘ç›®ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ä½ éœ€è¦åˆ›å»ºä¸€ä¸ªã€‚在<emphasis>资产</emphasis>顶级科目下创建一个å科目，å为<guilabel>现金</guilabel>，类型为<guilabel>资产</guilabel>。然åŽï¼Œåœ¨<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目账簿ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥ä¸€é¡¹ATM机å–款交易，记为3月25日由<emphasis>活期</emphasis>到<emphasis>现金</emphasis>转账100元。
</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
<figure>
- <title>The Checking Account Register With An ATM Withdrawal</title>
+ <title>录入了ATM机å–款的<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目账簿</title>
<screenshot id="cbook-atm">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -297,7 +206,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Checking Account Register with an ATM withdrawal.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†å½•å…¥ATM机å–款交易åŽçš„<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目账簿。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -308,14 +217,13 @@
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cbook-puttoget-reconcile">
- <title>Opening Balances</title>
+ <title>期åˆä½™é¢</title>
- <para>Now we are ready to reconcile this <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account, using this sample bank
- statement:
+ <para>现在已ç»å‡†å¤‡å¥½ä¸º<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目对账了，ä¾æ®çš„是下é¢è¿™ä»½ç¤ºä¾‹é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ï¼š
</para>
<figure>
- <title>A sample Bank Statement</title>
+ <title>一份示例银行账å•</title>
<screenshot id="cbook-bankstmt">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -323,7 +231,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows a sample Bank Statement.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ä¸€ä»½ç¤ºä¾‹é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -332,19 +240,17 @@
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
- <para>Select
+ <para>从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©
<menuchoice>
- <guimenu>Actions</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Reconcile</guimenuitem>
+ <guimenu>功能</guimenu> <guimenuitem>对账</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
- from the menu, and fill in the Closing balance as $1451.79. Click
- <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to begin reconciling the account. Check off the entries as
- they appear on the sample statement. When you have checked off all your entries, the
- reconcile window should look like this:
+ ，期末余é¢å¡«å†™1451.79元。点击
+ <guibutton>确认</guibutton>开始为æ¤ç§‘目对账。勾选<!-- ToDoZ: check off -->出现在银行账å•ä¸çš„æ¡ç›®ã€‚在所有æ¡ç›®å‡å‹¾é€‰åŽï¼Œå¯¹è´¦çª—å£å°†å¦‚下图所示：
</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
<figure>
- <title>The Reconcile Window</title>
+ <title>对账窗å£</title>
<screenshot id="cbook-reconexamp">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -352,33 +258,24 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the reconcile window with a $5 difference.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†å¯¹è´¦çª—å£ï¼Œå…¶ä¸æœ‰5元的差é¢ã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>Notice that your reconciled balance differs from your ending balance by $5.00. If you look at the
- sample bank statement, you will see there is a $5.00 service charge that has not been
- added to your <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account.
+ <para>注æ„到对账余é¢ä¸ŽæœŸæœ«ä½™é¢ç›¸å·®5元。查看银行账å•ï¼Œä¼šå‘现还有一项5元的æœåŠ¡è´¹æ²¡æœ‰æ·»åŠ 到<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目ä¸ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>So click on the <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> register and add the $5.00 service charge to your
- <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account. On a blank line of the
- <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> register, enter a transaction to transfer $5.00 from
- <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> to a <emphasis>Service Charges</emphasis> account. (You
- will need to create the <emphasis>Service Charges</emphasis> account as type
- <guilabel>Expense</guilabel>.) Use the transaction date printed on the sample statement
- as the date you enter for this transaction. Your <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account
- should now look like this:
+ <para>所以，点击<emphasis>活期</emphasis>账簿，å‘<emphasis>活期</emphasis>ç§‘ç›®æ·»åŠ 5元的æœåŠ¡è´¹ã€‚在<emphasis>活期</emphasis>账簿的空白行ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥ä¸€é¡¹ä»Ž<emphasis>活期</emphasis>转账5元到<emphasis>æœåŠ¡è´¹</emphasis>ç§‘ç›®çš„äº¤æ˜“ã€‚ï¼ˆä½ éœ€è¦åˆ›å»ºç±»åž‹ä¸º<guilabel>费用</guilabel>çš„<emphasis>æœåŠ¡è´¹</emphasis>科目。）日期填写为æ¤äº¤æ˜“在银行账å•ä¸Šå¯¹åº”的日期。现在<emphasis>活期å˜æ¬¾</emphasis>科目应当如下所示：
</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
<figure>
- <title>The Checking Account With Service Charge</title>
+ <title>补充æœåŠ¡è´¹åŽçš„<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目</title>
<screenshot id="cbook-servch">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -386,7 +283,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Checking Account Register with service charge added.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†è¡¥å……æœåŠ¡è´¹åŽçš„<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -395,18 +292,12 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Click back on the Reconcile window, and you should see the service charge now under <guilabel>Funds
- Out</guilabel>. Click on it to mark it as reconciled, and note that the difference
- amount below now becomes 0.00. Click the <guibutton>Finish</guibutton> button on the
- <emphasis>Toolbar</emphasis> to complete the reconciliation. The Reconcile R column in
- your <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> register should now show <guilabel>y</guilabel> for
- each transaction you just reconciled. Also observe the bottom status row that now
- indicates <guilabel>Reconciled: USD 1451.79</guilabel>
+ <para>回到对账窗å£ï¼Œä½ 应该会看到æœåŠ¡è´¹çŽ°å·²åœ¨<guilabel>转出</guilabel>下列出。点击æ¤é¡¹æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œå¯è§ä¸‹æ–¹çš„å·®é¢çŽ°åœ¨å˜æˆäº†<guilabel>0.00</guilabel>。点击<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>完æˆ</guibutton>按钮完æˆå¯¹è´¦ã€‚在<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目账簿ä¸è¡¨ç¤ºå¯¹è´¦çŠ¶æ€çš„<guilabel>R<!-- ToDoZ: C --></guilabel>列下，刚æ‰å¯¹è´¦è¿‡çš„æ¯ç¬”交易现在都应该显示为<guilabel>y</guilabel>。åŒæ—¶ï¼Œåº•éƒ¨çŠ¶æ€æ 现在会显示<guilabel>已对账：CNY 1451.79</guilabel>。
</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
<figure>
- <title>The Reconciled Checking Account</title>
+ <title>已对账的<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目</title>
<screenshot id="cbook-reconciledCheckAct">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -414,7 +305,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the reconciled Checking Account Register.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†å¯¹è´¦åŽçš„<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目账簿。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -425,15 +316,14 @@
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cbook-puttoget-save">
- <title>Save file</title>
+ <title>ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶</title>
- <para>Go back to the main window and save your file with the new <filename>gcashdata_5</filename> name.
- Your chart of accounts is steadily growing, and it should now look like this:
+ <para>回到主窗å£ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨æ–°æ–‡ä»¶å<filename>gcashdata_5</filename>ä¿å˜ä½ çš„æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚ä½ çš„ç§‘ç›®è¡¨è§„æ¨¡åœ¨é€æ¥æ‰©å¤§ï¼ŒçŽ°åœ¨å¦‚下图所示：
</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
<figure>
- <title>The Chart of Accounts</title>
+ <title>科目表</title>
<screenshot id="cbook-chartaccts5">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -441,7 +331,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Chart of Accounts.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ç§‘目表。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -450,27 +340,26 @@
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cbook-puttoget-reports">
- <title>Reports</title>
+ <title>报表</title>
- <para>As we did in the previous chapter, let’s have a look at a <guilabel>Cash Flow</guilabel>, and
- a <guilabel>Transaction</guilabel> Report.
+ <para>å°±åƒåœ¨å‰æ–‡ç« 节åšçš„é‚£æ ·ï¼ŒçŽ°åœ¨æ¥çœ‹çœ‹<guilabel>现金æµé‡è¡¨</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>交易汇总表</guilabel>这两份报表。
</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
- <para>First let’s have a look at the <guilabel>Cash Flow</guilabel> report for the month of March.
+ <para>首先查看3月的<guilabel>现金æµé‡è¡¨</guilabel>。
</para>
- <para>Select the cash flow report from
+ <para>选择
<menuchoice>
- <guimenu>Reports</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Income & Expense</guisubmenu>
- <guimenuitem>Cash Flow</guimenuitem>
+ <guimenu>报表</guimenu> <guisubmenu>收入与费用<!-- ToDoZ: --></guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>现金æµé‡è¡¨</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
- .
+ 。
</para>
<figure>
- <title>Cash Flow report for the month of March</title>
+ <title>3月的现金æµé‡è¡¨</title>
<screenshot id="cbook-puttoget2-Cash">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -478,7 +367,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Cash Flow report after <xref linkend="chapter_cbook"></xref>.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†æŒ‰<xref linkend="chapter_cbook"></xref>所述æ“作åŽçš„现金æµé‡è¡¨ã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -487,18 +376,18 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Now let’s have a look at corresponding transaction report for the various Asset accounts.
+ <para>接下æ¥æŸ¥çœ‹å„个资产科目对应的交易汇总表。
</para>
- <para>Select the transaction report from
+ <para>选择
<menuchoice>
- <guimenu>Reports</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Transaction Report</guimenuitem>
+ <guimenu>报表</guimenu> <guimenuitem>交易汇总表</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
- .
+ 。
</para>
<figure>
- <title>Transaction Report For The Assets During March</title>
+ <title>3月份期间资产科目的交易汇总表</title>
<screenshot id="cbook-puttoget2-TransactionRptChecking">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -506,7 +395,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Transaction Report for the Assets accounts during March.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†3月份期间资产科目的交易汇总表。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -515,8 +404,7 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Now let’s change the transaction report to only show the various <emphasis>Expenses</emphasis>
- account.
+ <para>现在，将交易汇总表修改为åªå±•ç¤ºå„个<emphasis>费用</emphasis>科目的情况。
</para>
<figure>
@@ -528,7 +416,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Transaction Report for the various Expense accounts during March.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†3月份期间å„费用科目的交易汇总表。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -537,11 +425,8 @@
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
- <para>Notice that you have not yet used one of the accounts listed in your chart, the <guilabel>Credit
- Card</guilabel> account. Now that you know how to keep track of your bank and cash accounts
- in &app;, you may want to start tracking your credit cards as well. &app; provides a special
- type of account for credit cards, and this is discussed in the next chapter.
+ <para>ä½ å¯èƒ½å·²ç»æ³¨æ„到，目å‰è¿˜æœ‰ä¸€ä¸ªåœ¨ç§‘目表ä¸åˆ—出的科目没有使用，那就是<emphasis>信用å¡</emphasis>ç§‘ç›®ã€‚åˆ°è¿™é‡Œï¼Œä½ çŸ¥é“äº†æ€Žæ ·åœ¨&app;ä¸è·Ÿè¸ªä½ çš„é“¶è¡Œç§‘ç›®å’ŒçŽ°é‡‘ç§‘ç›®ã€‚çŽ°åœ¨ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½ä¹Ÿæƒ³è¦å¼€å§‹è·Ÿè¸ªä¿¡ç”¨å¡çš„使用情况。&app;为信用å¡æ供了一ç§ç‰¹æ®Šçš„科目类型，相关内容会在åŽé¢çš„ç« èŠ‚è¯¦ç»†è®¨è®ºã€‚
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
-</chapter>
\ No newline at end of file
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_expenses.xml b/zh/guide/ch_expenses.xml
index 78b01ee2..f084025f 100644
--- a/zh/guide/ch_expenses.xml
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_expenses.xml
@@ -13,96 +13,60 @@
Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
Originally written by Carol Champagne.
Translators:
+ Xinhang Xu <xuxinhang4567 at outlook.com>
(translators put your name and email here)
-->
<chapter id="chapter_expenses">
- <title>费用科目</title>
+ <title>费用</title>
- <para>If managing your checkbook is the first step in tracking your finances, then using expense accounts
- to see where you are expending money is a close second step. This chapter will give you an
- understanding of how &app; uses expense accounts to help you keep track of many different
- categories of transactions.
+ <para>如果说管ç†æ´»æœŸè´¦æˆ·æ˜¯è·Ÿè¸ªè´¢åŠ¡çŠ¶å†µçš„第一æ¥ï¼Œé‚£å€ŸåŠ©è´¹ç”¨ç§‘目了解钱款去处就是紧éšå…¶åŽçš„第二æ¥ã€‚è¿™ä¸€ç« ä¼šå¸®åŠ©ä½ ç†è§£åœ¨&app;ä¸æ€Žæ ·å€ŸåŠ©è´¹ç”¨ç§‘目跟踪å„类交易。
</para>
<sect1 id="expenses-concepts">
- <title>Concepts</title>
+ <title>概念</title>
- <para>An expense type account is used to allow you to track how much you spend on specific expenses. Many
- people's first experience with tracking expenses comes from Quicken(tm), where transactions
- can be assigned to one or more categories. In &app;, these categories are set up as separate
- accounts, which are designated as Expense type accounts. This allows &app; to apply the rules
- of double-entry accounting consistently. Expense accounts can be as detailed or as general as
- you need. Some users need only a few accounts for personal expense tracking. Others use &app;
- expense accounts to manage their expenses in great detail. The level of detail you choose is
- up to you. Keep in mind that with &app;, you can change accounts for transactions, so if your
- needs change later on, it is possible to move transactions around.
+ <para>费用类型科目å¯å¸®åŠ©ä½ 跟踪在æŸé¡¹æ”¯å‡ºä¸ŠèŠ±äº†å¤šå°‘钱。许多人第一次跟踪花销是在Quicken(tm)上，其ä¸äº¤æ˜“å¯ä»¥è¢«æŒ‡å®šåˆ°ä¸€ä¸ªæˆ–多个分类。在&app;ä¸ï¼Œè¿™äº›åˆ†ç±»å¯¹åº”于å„ä¸ªç›¸äº’ç‹¬ç«‹çš„è´¹ç”¨ç±»åž‹ç§‘ç›®ã€‚è¿™æ ·çš„ç»„ç»‡å½¢å¼å¯ä»¥è®©&app;å°†å¤å¼è®°è´¦è§„则åŒæ ·ç”¨äºŽç®¡ç†è´¹ç”¨ã€‚æ ¹æ®éœ€è¦ï¼Œè´¹ç”¨ç§‘目的设立å¯è¯¦å¯ç•¥ã€‚一些用户åªéœ€å‡ 个科目就足以跟踪个人财务。还有一些用户借助&app;çš„è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®äº‹æ— å·¨ç»†åœ°ç®¡ç†ä»–ä»¬çš„èŠ±é”€æƒ…å†µã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥è‡ªç”±å†³å®šè®°å½•çš„细致程度。请记ä½ï¼Œåœ¨&app;ä¸ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥æ›´æ”¹äº¤æ˜“æ‰€å±žçš„ç§‘ç›®ï¼Œå› æ¤å¦‚æžœä½ ä»¥åŽæœ‰ä¸åŒçš„需求，将交易在ä¸åŒç§‘目间移动也是å¯ä»¥çš„。
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="expenses-setup">
- <title>Setting Up Accounts</title>
+ <title>创建科目</title>
<sect2 id="expenses-su-simple">
- <title>Simple Expense Account Setup</title>
+ <title>简å•çš„费用科目结构</title>
- <para>For many users, the easiest way to set up expense accounts is to check the "Common Accounts" when
- you create a new Account Hierarchy. This will establish many of the most common expense
- accounts that users need. See "New Account Hierarchy Setup" in Chapter 3 of the &app; Manual
- for more information.
+ <para>对于许多用户而言，创建费用科目最轻æ¾çš„方法还是在<guilabel>新建科目层次结构</guilabel>ä¸å‹¾é€‰<guilabel><!-- ToDoZ: C -->常用科目</guilabel>ã€‚è¿™æ ·ä¼šåˆ›å»ºå¤šæ•°ç”¨æˆ·æœ€å¸¸ç”¨çš„è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®ã€‚äº†è§£æ›´å¤šä¿¡æ¯ï¼Œè¯·æŸ¥çœ‹&app;帮助手册第3ç« ä¸çš„“新建科目层次结构â€ä¸€èŠ‚。
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="expenses-su-complex">
- <title>Complex Expense Account Setup</title>
+ <title>å¤æ‚的费用科目结构</title>
- <para>If you have different expense accounting needs, you can refer to
- <xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>, or Chapter 5.4 in the &app; Manual for instructions on
- how to create accounts.
+ <para>ä½ å¦‚æžœæœ‰ä¸åŒçš„费用记账需求，å¯å‚考<xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>或&app;帮助手册第5.4ç« ï¼Œäº†è§£å¦‚ä½•åˆ›å»ºç§‘ç›®ã€‚
</para>
- <para>Typical reasons for adding new or different expense accounts include: to track expenses for
- particular business purposes (e.g., specific types of supply expenses), to track expenses
- for particular tax purposes (e.g., tax expenses that must be reported to others), or simply
- to track expenses that are meaningful to you (e.g., payments made to a particular charity).
+ <para>新建费用科目的ç†ç”±ä¸€èˆ¬æœ‰ï¼šè¦è·Ÿè¸ªç‰¹å®šå•†ä¸šç”¨é€”费用（如具体类型的物料支出<!-- ToDoZ: specific types of supply expenses -->），è¦è·Ÿè¸ªç‰¹å®šç¨ŽåŠ¡ç”¨é€”费用（如必须å‘他人报告的税务费用）或者åªæ˜¯è¦è·Ÿè¸ªåœ¨ä½ 看æ¥æœ‰æ„义的支出（如å‘特定慈善组织支付的善款）。
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="expenses-entering">
- <title>Entering Expense Transactions</title>
+ <title>录入费用交易</title>
- <para>While it is possible to enter transactions directly into expense accounts, it is not normally how
- these are entered. For most people, transactions for an expense account are added when the
- user is entering data into the other account in the transaction. In other words, if you have
- an expense account for Charitable Donations (e.g., Expenses:Charity), you will typically add a
- transaction to the expense account by assigning a check in your checking account register to
- the Charity account.
+ <para>虽然å¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥å°†äº¤æ˜“录入费用科目，但大家一般ä¸è¿™æ ·åšã€‚对于大多数人，将一项交易录入其涉åŠçš„å…¶å®ƒç§‘ç›®ï¼Œè¿™é¡¹äº¤æ˜“ä¹Ÿå°±æ·»åŠ åˆ°è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®ä¸‹äº†ã€‚æ¢è¨€ä¹‹ï¼Œä½ 如果有一个用于记录慈善æ款的科目（如<emphasis>费用:慈善</emphasis>），则一般会在活期科目账簿ä¸æ·»åŠ 一项åŒ<emphasis>慈善</emphasis>ç§‘ç›®çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œé‚£ä¹Ÿå°±å°†è¿™é¡¹äº¤æ˜“æ·»åŠ åˆ°äº†è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®ã€‚
</para>
- <para>If you open an expense account, you will see a register similar to most others you find in &app;.
- The informal column headings for the transaction amounts are slightly different, however. The
- left (debit) column will read <emphasis>Tot Expense</emphasis>, while the right (credit)
- column will read <emphasis>Tot Rebate</emphasis>.
+ <para>打开æŸä¸ªè´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®ï¼Œä½ ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°ä¸Žå…¶å®ƒ&app;科目相似的账簿。ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨éžæ£å¼æœ¯è¯æ—¶ï¼Œäº¤æ˜“金é¢çš„列头ç¨æœ‰ä¸åŒã€‚左（借）列显示为<emphasis>支出总计</emphasis>，而å³ï¼ˆè´·ï¼‰åˆ—显示为<emphasis>退款总计<!-- ToDoZ: PO --></emphasis>。
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="expenses-other">
- <title>Other Considerations for Expense Accounts</title>
+ <title>有关费用科目的其它注æ„事项</title>
- <para>Because expense accounts are generated entirely by you, there are no statements against which you
- would reconcile your data. Therefore, there is technically nothing to reconcile. You can, of
- course use the reconcile process for expense accounts, which will lock the transactions for
- future editing.
+ <para>ç”±äºŽè´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®æ˜¯å®Œå…¨æ ¹æ®ä½ 的需è¦å»ºç«‹çš„，所以没有账å•ç”¨æ¥å¯¹è´¦ã€‚å› æ¤ä»ŽæŠ€æœ¯ä¸Šè®²ï¼Œè´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®æ²¡æœ‰å¯¹è´¦çš„æ¦‚å¿µã€‚å½“ç„¶ï¼Œä½ ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥åœ¨è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®ä¸Šä½¿ç”¨å¯¹è´¦åŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œè¿™æ ·ä¼šé”定交易阻æ¢åŽç»ç¼–辑。
</para>
- <para>One point to consider is that as your use of &app; continues, the balances in these accounts will
- grow, since there are usually very few credit transactions that reduce the balances. There is
- nothing wrong with this situation, but some users may wish to clear the balances in their
- expense accounts periodically. Zeroing transactions can be entered that transfer the balance
- of the account to an Equity account. &app; includes a Closing Books procedure that includes
- zeroing out expense accounts. Keep in mind that this is not necessary, and that if you need to
- gather information on a given expense account, you can use various reports to extract that
- data without zeroing the account out.
+ <para>还è¦è€ƒè™‘的一点是，通常这些科目ä¸å¾ˆå°‘有å‡å°‘其余é¢çš„è´·è®°äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œå› æ¤ï¼Œéšç€ä½ æŒç»ä½¿ç”¨&app;，科目余é¢ä¼šæŒç»å¢žé•¿ã€‚è¿™æ ·å½“ç„¶æ²¡ä»€ä¹ˆé—®é¢˜ï¼Œä½†æ˜¯ä¸€äº›ç”¨æˆ·å¯èƒ½å¸Œæœ›å®šæœŸå°†ä½™é¢å½’零。å¯ä»¥å½•å…¥å½’零交易，将余é¢è½¬è‡³æ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šç§‘目。&app;æä¾›<guilabel>å…³é—账簿</guilabel>功能，å¯ä»¥å°†è´¹ç”¨ç§‘目归零。请注æ„，ä¸æ˜¯å¿…é¡»è¦è¿™ä¹ˆåšï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ éœ€è¦èŽ·å¾—æŸä¸€è´¹ç”¨ç§‘目的信æ¯ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨å„ç§æŠ¥è¡¨æå–相关数æ®ï¼Œè€Œä¸å¿…将科目归零。
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>
commit 2a756dd94946b6489e58328101c0ffc7839523b5
Author: xuxinhang <xuxinhang4567 at 126.com>
Date: Fri Jul 21 22:33:21 2023 +0800
Translation-Zh: Primary text translation for guide/ch_cc
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_cc.xml b/zh/guide/ch_cc.xml
index 17852a21..d0e18b5c 100644
--- a/zh/guide/ch_cc.xml
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_cc.xml
@@ -10,230 +10,168 @@
Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
Originally written by Carol Champagne.
Translators:
+ Xinhang Xu <xuxinhang4567 at outlook.com>
(translators put your name and email here)
-->
+
+<!--
+ 翻译æ示：
+ - “paymentâ€å¯è¡¨è¾¾ä»˜æ¬¾ï¼ˆæ”¯ä»˜ï¼‰æˆ–还款两ç§æ„æ€ï¼Œéœ€è¦æ ¹æ®ä¸Šä¸‹æ–‡ä»”细推定。
+ - 统一翻译为“å¿è¿˜è´¦å•â€è€Œéžâ€œæ”¯ä»˜è´¦å•â€ï¼Œå› 为信用å¡å±žäºŽè´Ÿå€ºã€‚
+ - 统一翻译为“支付利æ¯â€ï¼Œå› 为这是一笔费用。
+ - 信用å¡çš„“balanceâ€åœ¨æ“作GnuCashçš„è¯å¢ƒä¸‹ç¿»è¯‘为“（科目）余é¢â€ï¼Œå¦åˆ™åœ¨æ—¥å¸¸ç”Ÿæ´»è¯å¢ƒä¸‹ç¿»è¯‘ä¸ºâ€œæ¬ æ¬¾â€ã€‚
+-->
+
<chapter id="chapter_cc">
- <title>Credit Cards</title>
+ <title>信用å¡</title>
- <para>This chapter will show you how to manage your credit cards using &app;.
+ <para>æœ¬ç« å°†ä»‹ç»æ€Žæ ·ä½¿ç”¨&app;管ç†ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ã€‚
</para>
<sect1 id="cc-concepts1">
- <title>Concepts</title>
+ <title>概念</title>
- <para>Since you probably write a check or make an electronic payment to the credit card company each
- month, you may think of your credit card bill as an expense - but it really is not an expense.
- Why? A credit card account is a short-term loan - you buy things on that loan account, and
- then you eventually have to pay back the money, often with interest (your finance charge). The
- purchases you make with that credit card are your expenses.
+ <para>å¯èƒ½ä½ æ¯ä¸ªæœˆé€šè¿‡æ”¯ç¥¨æˆ–网上支付å‘信用å¡å…¬å¸å¿è¿˜è´¦å•ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ä½ å¯èƒ½ä»¥ä¸ºä½ 的信用å¡è´¦å•æ˜¯ä¸€ç§è´¹ç”¨ï¼Œä½†å®ƒå®žé™…上并ä¸å±žäºŽè´¹ç”¨ã€‚为什么？信用å¡å…¶å®žæ˜¯ä¸€ç§çŸæœŸè´·æ¬¾ï¼Œä½ 用这个贷款账户è´ç‰©æ¶ˆè´¹ï¼Œè€Œä¸”最åŽè¦å¿è¿˜è¿™äº›é’±ï¼Œå¸¸å¸¸è¿˜è¦æ”¯ä»˜åˆ©æ¯ï¼ˆä½ 的金èžæœåŠ¡è´¹ï¼‰ã€‚ä½ ä½¿ç”¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡äº§ç”Ÿçš„è´ä¹°æ‰å±žäºŽè´¹ç”¨ã€‚
</para>
- <para>You have a couple of options when entering credit card transactions, so choose the one that fits
- your desired level of detail. The simplest method is to simply track monthly payments to the
- credit card company. From your bank account, you enter a transfer of money each month to the
- credit card expense account. This will show you the amount of money you are paying each month
- to the credit card company, but it won’t show you any information about your credit card
- balance or credit card purchases.
+ <para>ä½ æœ‰ä¸¤ç§æ–¹æ³•è®°å½•ä¿¡ç”¨å¡äº¤æ˜“，选择符åˆä½ 所需细致程度的那一ç§æ–¹æ³•ã€‚最简å•çš„方法是åªè®°å½•æ¯ä¸ªæœˆå‘信用å¡å…¬å¸çš„è¿˜æ¬¾ã€‚ä½ æ¯ä¸ªæœˆå½•å…¥ä¸€é¡¹ç”±é“¶è¡Œç§‘ç›®å‘信用å¡è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®çš„è½¬è´¦ã€‚è¿™æ ·ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºä½ æ¯ä¸ªæœˆå‘信用å¡å…¬å¸çš„还款，但ä¸ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºä»»ä½•æœ‰å…³ä¿¡ç”¨å¡æ¬ 款或信用å¡è´ä¹°è®°å½•çš„ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚
</para>
- <para>A more complete way to track your credit card in &app; is to enter each purchase and payment as a
- separate transaction. Using the credit card account register, you enter your receipts
- throughout the month. When your credit card statement arrives, you reconcile the credit card
- account to the statement, and you enter your payment as a transfer of money from your checking
- account to your credit card account. This method gives you more information about your balance
- during the month and points out any discrepancies during reconciliation, but you will have to
- do more data entry.
+ <para>还有一ç§æ›´å¤æ‚的记录信用å¡äº¤æ˜“的方法，那就是将æ¯æ¬¡è´ä¹°æˆ–ä»˜æ¬¾è®°ä¸ºç‹¬ç«‹çš„äº¤æ˜“ã€‚ä½ éœ€è¦åœ¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´¦ç°¿ä¸å½•å…¥ä¸€æ•´ä¸ªæœˆçš„å•æ®ã€‚在收到信用å¡è´¦å•æ—¶ï¼Œä½ èƒ½å¤Ÿæ ¹æ®è´¦å•ä¸ºä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç§‘目对账。这ç§æ–¹æ³•ä¼šå‘ä½ å±•çŽ°æ•´ä¸ªæœˆæœŸé—´çš„æ¬ æ¬¾ä¿¡æ¯ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨å¯¹è´¦æ—¶æŒ‡å‡ºä¸ä¸€è‡´ä¹‹å¤„，但是需è¦ä½ 录入更多数æ®æ¡ç›®ã€‚
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="cc-accounts1">
- <title>Setting Up Accounts</title>
+ <title>创建科目</title>
- <para>To begin managing your credit cards in &app;, you should set up a <guilabel>Liability</guilabel> top
- level account and under this parent account create credit card type accounts for each credit
- card you use. If you are tracking only the payments you make to the credit card company, then
- all you need is a bank account and a credit card account to enter your transactions.
+ <para>è¦å¼€å§‹åœ¨&app;ä¸ç®¡ç†ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ï¼Œä½ 应当建立一个<guilabel>负债</guilabel>顶级科目，并在æ¤çˆ¶ç§‘ç›®ä¹‹ä¸‹ä¸ºä½ ä½¿ç”¨çš„æ¯å¼ 信用å¡åˆ›å»ºä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç±»åž‹çš„ç§‘ç›®ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ åªæ˜¯è·Ÿè¸ªå‘信用å¡å…¬å¸çš„è¿˜æ¬¾è®°å½•ï¼Œé‚£ä¹ˆä½ åªéœ€è¦é“¶è¡Œç§‘目和信用å¡ç§‘目就足够用æ¥å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“了。
</para>
- <para>The charges you make on your credit card are expenses, so you will have to set up these accounts
- under the top-level account called <guilabel>Expenses</guilabel>. If you decide to keep a more
- detailed records of your purchases, you will need to create expense accounts for each kind of
- purchase you make. Since you will also be reconciling the balance to your credit card
- statements, you should also enter an opening balance in each credit card account. The easiest
- way to do this is to use your last statement balance as the opening balance.
+ <para>信用å¡äº§ç”Ÿçš„æœåŠ¡è´¹å±žäºŽè´¹ç”¨ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ä½ 需è¦åœ¨å为<guilabel>费用</guilabel>çš„é¡¶çº§ç§‘ç›®ä¸‹å»ºç«‹è¿™äº›ç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä½ å¦‚æžœå†³å®šæ›´è¯¦ç»†åœ°è®°å½•æ¶ˆè´¹æƒ…å†µï¼Œè¿˜éœ€è¦ä¸ºä½ 产生的æ¯ç§æ¶ˆè´¹åˆ›å»ºç›¸åº”çš„è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä½ ç”±äºŽä»¥åŽä¹Ÿè¦æ ¹æ®ä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´¦å•æ£€æŸ¥ç§‘目余é¢å¹¶ä¸ºç§‘目对账，则也应该在æ¯ä¸ªä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç§‘ç›®ä¸å½•å…¥æœŸåˆä½™é¢ã€‚录入期åˆä½™é¢æœ€ç®€å•çš„方法是直接将上一份信用å¡è´¦å•ç»™å‡ºçš„æ¬ æ¬¾é¢ä½œä¸ºæœŸåˆä½™é¢ã€‚
</para>
<sect2 id="cc-accounts-simple2">
- <title>Simple Setup</title>
+ <title>简易科目设置</title>
- <para>If you do not want to track each expense made on the credit card, you can set up a simple account
- hierarchy like this:
+ <para>ä½ å¦‚æžœä¸æƒ³è·Ÿè¸ªä¿¡ç”¨å¡çš„æ¯ç¬”支出，å¯ä»¥å»ºç«‹å¦‚下所示的简å•ç§‘目层次结构：
</para>
<screen>
--Assets
- -Bank
--Liabilities
- -Credit Card
--Expenses
- -Credit Card</screen>
- <para>In this example, if you enter your total amount charged per month as a transaction between
- <emphasis>Liabilities:Credit Card</emphasis> and <emphasis>Expenses:Credit Card</emphasis>.
- When you make a payment, you would enter a transaction between
- <emphasis>Assets:Bank</emphasis> and <emphasis>Liabilities:Credit Card</emphasis>.
+-资产
+ -银行
+-负债
+ -信用å¡
+-费用
+ -信用å¡</screen>
+ <para>在这个例åä¸ï¼Œä½ è¦å°†æ¯ä¸ªæœˆä¿¡ç”¨å¡çš„还款总é¢å½•å…¥ä¸º<emphasis>负债:信用å¡</emphasis>与<emphasis>费用:信用å¡</emphasis>间的交易。当还信用å¡çš„æ—¶å€™ï¼Œä½ è¦å½•å…¥ä¸€é¡¹<emphasis>资产:银行</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>负债:信用å¡</emphasis>间的交易。
</para>
- <para>The obvious limitation of this simple credit card setup is that you cannot see where your money is
- going. All your credit card expenses are being entered in the Credit Card expense account.
- This is, however, very simple to set up and maintain.
+ <para>简易信用å¡è®°è´¦æ–¹æ³•ä¸€ä¸ªæ˜¾è€Œæ˜“è§çš„ç¼ºç‚¹å°±æ˜¯ä½ çœ‹ä¸åˆ°é’±èŠ±åˆ°å“ªé‡ŒåŽ»äº†ã€‚所有信用å¡æ¶ˆè´¹éƒ½åˆå¹¶åˆ°äº†<emphasis>信用å¡</emphasis>费用科目下。ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œè¿™æ ·åšèµ·æ¥å分简å•ä¸”易于维护。
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cc-accounts-complete2">
- <title>Complete Setup</title>
+ <title>完整科目设置</title>
- <para>If you want to track your expenses more completely, you should set up multiple expense accounts
- named for the various kinds of expenses you have. Each charge on your credit card is then
- entered as a separate transaction between your Credit Card liability account and a specific
- expense account. Below is an example of an account hierarchy for this:
+ <para>ä½ å¦‚æžœæƒ³è¦æ›´å®Œæ•´åœ°è·Ÿè¸ªèŠ±é”€æƒ…况，则应建立多个费用科目，分别命åä¸ºä½ äº§ç”Ÿçš„å„ç§èŠ±é”€ç±»åž‹ã€‚信用å¡çš„æ¯ç¬”付款应独立地录入为信用å¡è´Ÿå€ºç§‘目与具体费用科目间的交易。下é¢æ˜¯ç›¸åº”的科目层次结构示例：
</para>
<screen>
--Assets
- -Bank
--Liabilities
- -Credit Card
--Expenses
- -Food
- -Car
- -Clothes
- -Entertainment
- -Interest
- -Service</screen>
- <para>Clearly, you should enter specific expense accounts which fit your spending habits. The only
- difference with this setup as compared to the simple setup is that the expenses have been
- subdivided by groups. Also notice that there is an <quote>Interest</quote> expense, this is
- used for when your credit card charges interest on your monthly unpaid balance. The
- <quote>Service</quote> expense account is used to track service expenses associated with the
- credit card, such as the yearly usage fee if it exists. With this setup, you will be able to
- see where your money goes every month, grouped according to the expense accounts.
+-资产
+ -银行
+-负债
+ -信用å¡
+-费用
+ -食å“
+ -汽车
+ -æœè£…
+ -娱ä¹
+ -利æ¯
+ -æœåŠ¡è´¹</screen>
+ <para>需è¦æ˜Žç¡®çš„是，设置的具体费用科目应当符åˆä½ çš„æ¶ˆè´¹ä¹ æƒ¯ã€‚è¿™ç§ç§‘目设置与简易科目设置相比，唯一的ä¸åŒæ˜¯è´¹ç”¨ç»†åˆ†ä¸ºäº†å‡ 组。也è¦æ³¨æ„到其ä¸åŒ…å«ä¸€ä¸ª<quote>利æ¯</quote>费用科目，它是在信用å¡ä¸ºæ¯æœˆçš„未还款é¢æ”¶å–利æ¯æ—¶ä½¿ç”¨çš„。<quote>æœåŠ¡è´¹</quote>费用科目用于记录信用å¡æ”¶å–çš„æœåŠ¡è´¹ï¼Œå¦‚å¯èƒ½ä¼šæ”¶å–çš„å¹´è´¹ã€‚å€ŸåŠ©è¿™æ ·çš„ç§‘ç›®è®¾ç½®ï¼Œä½ å°†èƒ½å¤ŸæŒ‰ç…§è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®çš„åˆ†ç»„çœ‹åˆ°æ¯ä¸ªæœˆä½ 的钱花到哪里去了。
</para>
- <para>The rest of this chapter will assume you are using the complete setup.
+ <para>æœ¬ç« å…¶ä½™éƒ¨åˆ†å°†å‡å®šä½ 在使用完整科目设置。
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="cc-entercharge1">
- <title>Entering Charges</title>
+ <title>记录付款</title>
- <para>Entering your charges provides you with a more complete picture of your spending habits. Charges on
- a credit card are tracked as a transaction between the credit card liability account and the
- appropriate expense account.
+ <para>记录信用å¡çš„æ¯ç¬”ä»˜æ¬¾èƒ½å¤Ÿä¸ºä½ ç»™å‡ºæ›´å®Œæ•´çš„æ¶ˆè´¹ä¹ æƒ¯ç”»åƒã€‚信用å¡ä»˜æ¬¾è®°å½•ä¸ºä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´Ÿå€ºç§‘目与适当的费用科目间的交易。
</para>
- <para>When you pay for goods or services with your credit card, you are telling the credit card company to
- pay the merchant for you. This transaction will increase the amount of money you owe the
- credit card company, and the credit card balance will increase. The other side of these
- transactions will in most cases be an expense account. For example, if you buy clothing from a
- store with your credit card for $50, you would be transferring that money from the credit
- account into Expenses:Clothing.
+ <para>å½“ä½ ä½¿ç”¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ä¸ºå•†å“或æœåŠ¡ä»˜æ¬¾æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 就是在告诉信用å¡å…¬å¸æ›¿ä½ å‘å¯¹æ–¹ä»˜è´¹ã€‚è¿™é¡¹äº¤æ˜“ä¼šå¢žåŠ ä½ åœ¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡å…¬å¸çš„æ¬ æ¬¾ï¼Œå³ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç§‘目余é¢å¢žåŠ 。这些交易的å¦ä¸€ç«¯å¤§å¤šæ˜¯è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ ä½¿ç”¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡åœ¨å•†åº—花50元买了一件衣æœï¼Œåˆ™ç›¸å½“于将钱由信用å¡ç§‘目转账到<emphasis>费用:æœè£…</emphasis>。
</para>
- <para>Entering these transactions into &app; allows you to track how much you owe the credit card company,
- as well as provides you a better picture of your overall accounts. It also allows you to
- monitor your account and ensure that fraud is avoided.
+ <para>将这些交易录入&app;æœ‰åŠ©äºŽä½ éšæ—¶æŽŒæ¡æ¬ 信用å¡å…¬å¸å¤šå°‘钱，也会æ供全体科目更完整的画åƒã€‚è¿™æ ·åšè¿˜å¯ä»¥å¸®åŠ©ä½ éšæ—¶äº†è§£è´¦æˆ·çŠ¶æ€ï¼Œç¡®ä¿é¿å…诈骗。<!-- ToDoZ: é¿å…诈骗？美国信用å¡éª—å很多å—？ -->
</para>
- <para>Adding transactions to a credit card account is similar to entering transactions in other accounts.
- You can enter them manually, or import them from your credit card company using a compatible
+ <para>å‘信用å¡ç§‘ç›®æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“å¾ˆåƒåœ¨å…¶å®ƒç§‘ç›®ä¸æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥æ‰‹åŠ¨å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œæˆ–é€šè¿‡å…¼å®¹çš„æ ¼å¼ä»Žä¿¡ç”¨å¡å…¬å¸å¯¼å…¥äº¤æ˜“。
import format.
</para>
- <para>For assistance with entering transactions, see Chapter 6 of the &app; Manual and
- <xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>.
+ <para>有关如何录入交易，请查看&app;帮助手册第6ç« å’Œ<xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>。
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="cc-enterpay1">
- <title>Entering Payments</title>
-
- <para>Most payments to your credit card bill are entered as transfers from a bank account (asset) to the
- credit card account (liability). When you pay the monthly bill, you are withdrawing money from
- a bank account to pay down the credit card balance. This transaction decreases both your bank
- account balance and the amount of credit card debt you owe.
+ <title>记录还款</title>
+ <!-- ToDoZ: balance 待还款é¢/æ¬ æ¬¾/æ¬ å€ºé¢ pay 还款 -->
+ <para>å¿è¿˜ä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´¦å•å¤§å¤šå½•å…¥ä¸ºç”±é“¶è¡Œç§‘目（资产）到信用å¡ç§‘ç›®ï¼ˆè´Ÿå€ºï¼‰çš„è½¬è´¦ã€‚ä½ åœ¨å¿è¿˜æœˆè´¦å•æ—¶ï¼Œå°±æ˜¯ä»Žé“¶è¡Œç§‘ç›®å–款以冲抵信用å¡æ¬ 款。æ¤äº¤æ˜“åŒæ—¶å‡å°‘银行科目余é¢å’Œä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´Ÿå€ºé¢ã€‚
</para>
- <para>When you return a purchase, you receive a refund on your credit card. This is another type of
- payment in that it decreases the amount of credit card debt you owe. If you recorded the
- original purchase transaction as a transfer from the credit card account to the expense, you
- now simply reverse that transaction: transfer the money back from the expense to the credit
- card account. This transaction decreases both the expense account balance and the credit card
- account balance. For example, if you originally recorded a credit card purchase of clothing,
- the transaction is a transfer from the credit card account to the clothing expense account. If
- you then return that clothing for a refund, you simply transfer the money back from the
- clothing expense account to the credit card account.
+ <para>å½“ä½ é€€è´§æ—¶ï¼Œä½ çš„ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ä¼šæ”¶åˆ°é€€æ¬¾ã€‚这是å¦ä¸€ç§å½¢å¼çš„还款，它会å‡å°‘ä½ çš„ä¿¡ç”¨å¡æ¬ æ¬¾ã€‚ä½ å¦‚æžœå°†åŽŸå…ˆçš„è´ä¹°äº¤æ˜“录入为由信用å¡ç§‘目到费用科目的转账，现在则简å•åœ°å°†é‚£é¡¹äº¤æ˜“å转过æ¥ï¼šå°†é’±ä»Žè´¹ç”¨ç§‘目转回信用å¡ç§‘目。æ¤äº¤æ˜“åŒæ—¶å‡å°‘费用科目余é¢å’Œä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç§‘目余é¢ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ åŽŸå…ˆå½•å…¥äº†ä¸€ç¬”ä½¿ç”¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ä»˜æ¬¾çš„æœè£…è´ä¹°ï¼Œäº¤æ˜“是从信用å¡ç§‘目到æœè£…è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®çš„è½¬è´¦ã€‚ä½ å¦‚æžœä¹‹åŽé€€æŽ‰è¡£æœï¼Œæ”¶åˆ°é€€æ¬¾ï¼Œåˆ™ç®€å•åœ°å°†é’±ä»Žæœè£…费用科目转回信用å¡ç§‘目。
</para>
<note>
- <para>A common mistake is to enter a refund as income. It is not income, but rather a <quote>negative
- expense</quote>. That is why you must transfer money from the expense account to your credit
- card when you receive a refund.
+ <para>一个常è§çš„错误是将退款录入为收入。退款ä¸æ˜¯æ”¶å…¥ï¼Œè€Œæ˜¯ä¸€ç§<quote>负费用</quote>。这就是为什么必须在收到退款时将钱从费用科目转回信用å¡ç§‘目。
</para>
</note>
- <para>To clarify this, let’s run through an example. You bought some jeans for $74.99 on your VISA
- card, but realized one day later that they are too big and want to return them. The shop
- gracefully agrees, and refunds your credit card.
+ <para>为了说清楚这个规则，æ¥çœ‹çœ‹ä¸€ä¸ªä¾‹åã€‚ä½ ä½¿ç”¨VISAå¡èŠ±74.99元买了一些牛仔裤，但之åŽæŸå¤©ä½ å‘现它们太大，想退回去。店家爽快地åŒæ„äº†ï¼Œå¹¶å°†é’±æ¬¾é€€åˆ°äº†ä½ çš„ä¿¡ç”¨å¡é‡Œã€‚
</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
- <para>Start with opening the previous datafile we stored (<filename>gcashdata_5</filename>), and store it
- as <filename>gcashdata_6</filename>.
+ <para>先打开之å‰ä¿å˜çš„æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ï¼ˆ<filename>gcashdata_5</filename>），将之å¦å˜ä¸º<filename>gcashdata_6</filename>。
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Open the <emphasis>Liabilities:Visa</emphasis> account register and enter a simple 2 account
- transaction to pay the $74.99 jeans purchase. The <guilabel>Transfer</guilabel> account
- should be <emphasis>Expenses:Clothes</emphasis> and you <guilabel>Charge</guilabel> your
- <emphasis>Visa</emphasis> account with the $74.99.
+ <para>打开<emphasis>负债:Visa</emphasis>科目账簿，录入一项简å•çš„åŒç§‘目转账交易，表示买牛仔裤花了74.99元。<guilabel>转账</guilabel>科目应为<emphasis>费用:æœè£…</emphasis>，使用<emphasis>Visa</emphasis><guilabel>付款</guilabel>74.99元。
</para>
<note>
- <para>Since we had not created the <emphasis>Expenses:Clothes</emphasis> account previously, &app; will
- prompt us to create it. Just remember to create it as an <guilabel>Expense</guilabel>
- account
+ <para>由于之å‰æ²¡æœ‰åˆ›å»º<emphasis>费用:æœè£…</emphasis>科目，&app;会æ示我们创建科目。è¦è®°å¾—将其创建为<guilabel>费用</guilabel>科目。
</para>
</note>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Enter the refund in one of the following way.
+ <para>按下列方法之一录入退款交易：
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
- <para>Enter the same transaction as the purchase transaction, but instead of a <quote>Charge</quote>
- amount, use a <quote>Payment</quote> amount in the Credit Card account register.
+ <para>录入与当åˆè´ä¹°æ—¶ç›¸åŒçš„交易，但在信用å¡ç§‘目账簿的<guilabel><!-- ToDoG -->还款</guilabel>处，而éž<guilabel><!-- ToDoG -->付款</guilabel>处输入金é¢ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Select the purchase transaction you want to refund (that is the Jeans transaction in our case), and
- selecting
+ <para>选择想è¦é€€æ¬¾çš„è´ä¹°äº¤æ˜“（这个例åä¸ä¹Ÿå°±æ˜¯è´ä¹°ç‰›ä»”裤的交易），并选择
<menuchoice>
- <guimenu>Transaction</guimenu><guisubmenu>Add Reversing Transaction</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenu>交易</guimenu><guisubmenu><!-- ToDoZ: -->对冲交易</guisubmenu>
</menuchoice>
- . Modify the date as needed.
+ 。按需修改日期。
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
- <para>After reversing the transaction, your credit card account should look something like this:
+ <para>在对冲交易åŽï¼Œä½ 的信用å¡ç§‘目应该如下所示：
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>Credit Card account after reversing a purchase</title>
+ <title>对冲è´ä¹°äº¤æ˜“åŽçš„信用å¡ç§‘ç›®</title>
<screenshot id="cc-Reversing-Transaction-1">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -241,19 +179,18 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows <emphasis>Liability:Credit Card</emphasis> - Register after reversing a purchase
- transaction.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†å¯¹å†²è´ä¹°äº¤æ˜“åŽçš„<emphasis>负债:信用å¡</emphasis>科目账簿。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>And the <emphasis>Expenses:Clothes</emphasis> register should look something like this:
+ <para>åŒæ—¶<emphasis>费用:æœè£…</emphasis>科目账簿应该如下所示：
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>Expenses account after reversing a purchase</title>
+ <title>对冲è´ä¹°äº¤æ˜“åŽçš„费用科目</title>
<screenshot id="cc-Reversing-Transaction-2">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -261,8 +198,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows <emphasis>Expenses:Clothes</emphasis> register after reversing a purchase
- transaction.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†å¯¹å†²è´ä¹°äº¤æ˜“åŽçš„<emphasis>费用:æœè£…</emphasis>科目账簿。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -271,32 +207,26 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Save the &app; data file.
+ <para>ä¿å˜&app;æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="cc-together1">
- <title>Putting It All Together</title>
+ <title>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</title>
- <para>Now that we have covered the basic ideas behind the various transactions you must make to
- successfully track your credit card in &app;, let’s go through an example. In this
- example, we will make credit card purchases, refund two of the purchases, get charged interest
- on the unpaid balance, reconcile the credit card account, and finally make a partial payoff of
- the credit card.
+ <para>现在我们已ç»ä»‹ç»äº†åœ¨è·Ÿè¸ªä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´¦ç›®æ‰€éœ€åˆ›å»ºçš„交易背åŽçš„基本æ€æƒ³ã€‚现在æ¥ç ”究一个例å。在这个例åä¸ï¼Œæˆ‘们将使用信用å¡ä¹°ä¸œè¥¿ï¼Œé€€è¿˜ä¸¤æ ·è´ä¹°çš„商å“，支付由未还款é¢äº§ç”Ÿçš„利æ¯<!-- ToDoZ: get charged interest on the unpaid balance -->，为信用å¡ç§‘目对账，最åŽå¿è¿˜éƒ¨åˆ†ä¿¡ç”¨å¡æ¬ 款。
</para>
<sect2 id="cc-puttoget-openfile">
- <title>Open &app; file</title>
+ <title>打开&app;文件</title>
- <para>Start with opening the previous datafile we stored, <filename>gcashdata_5</filename>, and store it
- as <filename>gcashdata_6</filename> directly. The main window should look something like
- this:
+ <para>首先打开先å‰ä¿å˜çš„æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶<filename>gcashdata_5</filename>，并将其直接ä¿å˜ä¸º<filename>gcashdata_6</filename>主窗å£åº”该如下所示：
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>Starting account structure for tracking a credit card</title>
+ <title>跟踪信用å¡è´¦ç›®å‰çš„åˆå§‹ç§‘目结构</title>
<screenshot id="cc-accounts">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -304,7 +234,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>Starting account structure for tracking a credit card in the putting it all together example.
+ <para>在这个æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥ä¾‹åä¸è·Ÿè¸ªä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´¦ç›®å‰çš„åˆå§‹ç§‘目结构。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -313,24 +243,19 @@
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cc-together-purchases2">
- <title>Purchases</title>
+ <title>è´ä¹°</title>
- <para>Let’s make some purchases on our visa card. Start by buying $25 worth of food from the Greasy
- Spoon Cafe, $100 worth of clothing from Faux Pas Fashions, $25 worth of gasoline from
- Premium Gasoline, $125 worth of groceries and household items from Groceries R Us (split
- between $85 in groceries and $40 in household items) and finally, $60 worth of household
- items from CheapMart.
+ <para>现在使用Visaå¡ä¹°ä¸€äº›ä¸œè¥¿ã€‚先在è‹è‡èŒ¶é¦†ä¹°äº†25元的食å“，在ä¸ç€è°ƒæ—¶è£…店è´ä¹°100元的衣æœï¼Œå‘åŠ ä»·ä¸åŠ é‡åŠ 油站支付25元的汽油钱，在ä¸é è°±æ‚货店è´ä¹°125元的食å“æ‚货和家居用å“（分录为85元的æ‚货和40元的家居），最åŽåˆåœ¨å»‰ä»·å¸‚场买了60元的家居用å“。
</para>
- <para>We also redo the exercise in previous chapter, with purchasing a pair of Jeans for $74.99 on April
- 3, and refund them two days later.
+ <para>我们也会é‡å¤å‰é¢å‡ ç« çš„æ“作，å³åœ¨4月3日花74.99å…ƒè´ä¹°ä¸€æ¡ç‰›ä»”裤，并在两天åŽé€€è´§ã€‚
</para>
- <para>The register window for the credit card liability should look like this:
+ <para>信用å¡è´Ÿå€ºè´¦ç°¿çª—å£åº”该如下所示：
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>Initial credit card purchases</title>
+ <title>åˆå§‹çš„信用å¡è´ä¹°</title>
<screenshot id="cc-purchases">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -338,7 +263,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>Initial credit card purchases.
+ <para>åˆå§‹çš„信用å¡è´ä¹°ã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -347,19 +272,13 @@
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cc-together-refund2">
- <title>Refund</title>
-
- <para>Now suppose that on April 15th you return the clothes you bought on April 11th from Faux Pas
- Fashions and they give you credit back on your credit card. Enter a transaction for the
- credit card refund for the full $100 amount. Remember to use the same transfer account you
- used for the original purchase, and enter the amount under the Payment column. &app; will
- automatically complete the name and transfer account for you, but it will also automatically
- enter the $100 in the Charge column. You will need to reenter the amount in the Payment
- column. The transaction looks like this:
+ <title>退款</title>
+
+ <para>现在å‡å®šåœ¨4月15æ—¥ï¼Œä½ é€€è¿˜äº†4月11日从ä¸ç€è°ƒæ—¶è£…店è´ä¹°çš„è¡£æœï¼Œä»–ä»¬å°†é€€æ¬¾é€€å›žäº†ä½ çš„ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ã€‚录入一项总é¢100元的信用å¡é€€æ¬¾äº¤æ˜“。别忘了所用的转账科目与原先è´ä¹°æ—¶æ‰€ç”¨ç§‘目相åŒï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨<guilabel>还款</guilabel>列下输入金é¢ã€‚&app;会自动补全å称和转账科目，但ä»ä¼šå°†100元自动填入<guilabel>付款</guilabel>列ä¸ã€‚ä½ éœ€è¦é‡æ–°åœ¨<guilabel>还款</guilabel>列ä¸è¾“入金é¢ã€‚交易显示如下：
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>Item return transaction refunded to credit card</title>
+ <title>信用å¡é€€æ¬¾äº¤æ˜“</title>
<screenshot id="cc-refund">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -367,7 +286,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>Returning clothes to Faux Pas Fashions, refund to credit card.
+ <para>将衣æœé€€è¿˜ç»™ä¸é 谱时装店，退款退回信用å¡ã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -376,16 +295,13 @@
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cc-together-interest2">
- <title>Interest Charge</title>
+ <title>收å–利æ¯</title>
- <para>After the month of spending, unfortunately, the credit card bill arrives in the mail or you access
- it on-line through the internet. You have been charged $20 in interest on the last day of
- April because of the balance you carried from the previous month. This gets entered into the
- credit card account as an expense.
+ <para>åœ¨å‡ ä¸ªæœˆçš„æ¶ˆè´¹åŽï¼Œä½ 收到了寄æ¥çš„信用å¡è´¦å•æˆ–在网上看到了账å•ã€‚很ä¸å¹¸ï¼Œç”±äºŽä½ ä¸Šä¸ªæœˆçš„éƒ¨åˆ†æ¬ æ¬¾æ‹–åˆ°äº†çŽ°åœ¨ï¼Œä½ åœ¨4月的最åŽä¸€å¤©è¢«æ”¶å–了20元的利æ¯ã€‚这笔利æ¯è¦ä½œä¸ºè´¹ç”¨å½•å…¥åˆ°ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç§‘目。
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>Interest charge on the Credit Card</title>
+ <title>信用å¡æ”¶å–的利æ¯</title>
<screenshot id="cc-interest">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -393,7 +309,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>Interest charge.
+ <para>信用å¡æ”¶å–利æ¯ã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -402,22 +318,17 @@
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cc-together-reconcile2">
- <title>Reconciliation</title>
+ <title>对账</title>
- <para>When your credit card bill arrives you should reconcile your credit card account to this document.
- This is done using &app;’s built-in reconciliation application. Highlight the credit
- card account and click on
+ <para>在收到信用å¡è´¦å•åŽï¼Œä½ åº”è¯¥æ ¹æ®è´¦å•ä¸ºä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç§‘目对账。使用&app;内置的对账功能就å¯ä»¥ã€‚选ä¸ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç§‘目并点击
<menuchoice>
- <guimenu>Actions</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Reconcile...</guimenuitem>
+ <guimenu>功能</guimenu> <guimenuitem>对账…</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
- . This reconciliation procedure is described in detail in the
- <xref linkend="txns-reconcile1"></xref>, but we will step through the process here as well.
- For this example, let’s assume that the credit card statement is dated May 1st, with a
- final balance of $455. Enter these values in to the initial Reconcile window as shown here.
+ 。对账的具体æ“作æ¥éª¤åœ¨<xref linkend="txns-reconcile1"></xref>ä¸æœ‰è¯¦ç»†çš„æ述，但在这里我们会å†å›žé¡¾ä¸€é相关æ¥éª¤ã€‚例如，å‡å®šä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´¦å•æˆªæ¢åˆ°5月1日，最åŽçš„æ¬ é¢æ˜¯455元。将日期和金é¢è¾“入到åˆå§‹å¯¹è´¦çª—å£ä¸ï¼Œå¦‚下图所示。
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>The Initial Reconciliation Window For The Credit Card</title>
+ <title>信用å¡åˆå§‹å¯¹è´¦çª—å£</title>
<screenshot id="cc-reconcile-init">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -428,14 +339,11 @@
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>During the reconciliation process, you check off each transaction in the account as you confirm that
- the transaction appears in both your &app; account and the credit card statement. For this
- example, as shown in the figure below, there is a $300 difference between your &app;
- accounts and the credit card statement.
+ <para>在对账过程ä¸ï¼Œä½ 需è¦å‹¾é€‰æ¯ä¸€é¡¹ç¡®è®¤åŒæ—¶å‡ºçŽ°åœ¨&app;科目和信用å¡è´¦å•ä¸çš„交易。在这个例åä¸ï¼Œ&app;科目与信用å¡è´¦å•é—´å˜åœ¨300元的差é¢ï¼Œå¦‚下图所示。
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>The Main Reconciliation Window With A Discrepancy</title>
+ <title>å˜åœ¨å·®é¢çš„对账主窗å£</title>
<screenshot id="cc-reconcile">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -443,32 +351,25 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>Main account reconciliation window, demonstrating a discrepancy of $300.
+ <para>æ示300元差é¢çš„科目对账主窗å£ã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>Some investigation uncovers that you forgot to record a payment you made on March 5th to the credit
- card company for $300, you must enter this payment transaction from your bank account to the
- credit card. Now the credit card statement and your &app; account can be reconciled, with a
- balance of $455.
+ <para>ç»è¿‡ä¸€ç•ªè°ƒæŸ¥ï¼Œä½ å‘çŽ°ä½ å¿˜äº†è®°å½•3月5æ—¥å‘信用å¡å…¬å¸300å…ƒçš„è¿˜æ¬¾ï¼Œä½ è¦å½•å…¥è¿™é¡¹ç”±é“¶è¡Œç§‘目到信用å¡ç§‘目的还款交易。现在信用å¡è´¦å•å’Œ&app;科目账目相符，余é¢ä¸º455元。
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cc-together-payment2">
- <title>Payment</title>
+ <title>还款</title>
- <para>Assuming you have completed reconciliation of your credit card account, you need to make a payment
- to the credit card company. In this example, we owe $455 but will make a partial payment of
- $300 again this month. To do so, enter a transaction from your bank account to the credit
- card account for $300, which should reduce your credit card balance to $155. Your credit
- card account register should now appear like this:
+ <para>完æˆäº†ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç§‘目的对账工作åŽï¼Œä½ 需è¦å‘信用å¡å…¬å¸è¿˜æ¬¾ã€‚在这个例åä¸ï¼Œä½ æ¬ äº†455元，但这个月还是åªå¿è¿˜éƒ¨åˆ†æ¬ 款，共300元。相应地，录入一项300元的由银行科目到信用å¡ç§‘ç›®çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œè¿™æ ·ï¼Œä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç§‘目余é¢åº”å‡å°‘到155å…ƒã€‚ä½ çš„ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç§‘目账簿现在应该如下所示：
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>The Credit Card Account After Reconciliation And Payment</title>
+ <title>对账和还款åŽçš„信用å¡ç§‘ç›®</title>
<screenshot id="cc-payment">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -476,19 +377,18 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>Account register after reconciliation and payment.
+ <para>对账和还款åŽçš„科目账簿。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>Go back to the main window and save your file (<filename>gcashdata_6</filename>). Your chart of
- accounts is steadily growing, and it should now look like this:
+ <para>回到主窗å£ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶ï¼ˆ<filename>gcashdata_6</filename>）。科目表在稳æ¥æ‰©å……，现在应当如下所示：
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>The Chart of Accounts After Account Reconciliation And Payment</title>
+ <title>对账和还款åŽçš„科目表</title>
<screenshot id="cc-final">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -501,35 +401,33 @@
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cc-puttoget-save">
- <title>Save file</title>
+ <title>ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶</title>
- <para>Last, save the &app; data file (<filename>gcashdata_6</filename>).
+ <para>最åŽï¼Œä¿å˜&app;æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ï¼ˆ<filename>gcashdata_6</filename>）。
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cc-puttoget-reports">
- <title>Reports</title>
+ <title>报表</title>
- <para>As we did in the previous chapters, let’s have a look at a <guilabel>Cash Flow</guilabel>, and
- a <guilabel>Transaction</guilabel> Report.
+ <para>å’Œå‰å‡ ç« ä¸€æ ·ï¼Œæˆ‘ä»¬æ¥çœ‹çœ‹<guilabel>现金æµé‡è¡¨</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>交易汇总表</guilabel>这两份报表。
</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
- <para>First let’s have a look at the <guilabel>Cash Flow</guilabel> report for the liability account
- <guilabel>Visa</guilabel> during the month of March.
+ <para>首先æ¥çœ‹3月期间负债科目<guilabel>Visa</guilabel>çš„<guilabel>现金æµé‡è¡¨</guilabel>。
</para>
- <para>Select the cash flow report from
+ <para>选择
<menuchoice>
- <guimenu>Reports</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Income & Expense</guisubmenu>
- <guimenuitem>Cash Flow</guimenuitem>
+ <guimenu>报表</guimenu> <guisubmenu>收入与费用</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>现金æµé‡è¡¨</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
- .
+ 打开现金æµé‡è¡¨ã€‚
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>The Cash Flow report for the month of March</title>
+ <title>3月份的现金æµé‡è¡¨</title>
<screenshot id="cc-puttoget2-Cash">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -537,7 +435,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Cash Flow report after <xref linkend="chapter_cc"></xref>.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<xref linkend="chapter_cc"></xref>åŽå¾—到的现金æµé‡è¡¨ã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -546,17 +444,17 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Now let’s have a look at corresponding transaction report for the Visa account.
+ <para>现在æ¥çœ‹<emphasis>Visa</emphasis>科目相应的交易汇总表。
</para>
- <para>Select the transaction report from
+ <para>选择
<menuchoice>
- <guimenu>Reports</guimenu><guimenuitem>Transaction Report</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>.
+ <guimenu>报表</guimenu><guimenuitem>交易汇总表</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>打开交易汇总表。
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>The Transaction Report for the Visa account during March/April</title>
+ <title>3ã€4月间<emphasis>Visa</emphasis>科目的交易汇总表</title>
<screenshot id="cc-puttoget2-TransactionRptVisa">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -564,7 +462,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Transaction Report for the Visa account during March/April.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†3ã€4月间<emphasis>Visa</emphasis>科目的交易汇总表。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -573,11 +471,11 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Now let’s change the transaction report to only show the various Expenses accounts.
+ <para>现在更改交易汇总表，使之åªå±•ç¤ºå„费用科目的交易汇总。
</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>The Transaction Report for the Expenses accounts during April</title>
+ <title>4月期间费用科目的交易汇总表</title>
<screenshot id="cc-puttoget2-TransactionRptExpenses">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
@@ -585,7 +483,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>This image shows the Transaction Report for the various Expense accounts during April.
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†4月期间å„个费用科目的交易汇总表。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
commit 960feb24b8179fdb9489cf26c4fbbe3d31458477
Author: xuxinhang <xuxinhang4567 at 126.com>
Date: Fri Jul 21 20:50:50 2023 +0800
Translation-Zh: use the accurate tag to wrap the short for the account name.
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_txns.xml b/zh/guide/ch_txns.xml
index b5fa3f65..d7885d94 100644
--- a/zh/guide/ch_txns.xml
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_txns.xml
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>转账</guilabel>列支æŒç§‘ç›®å称的快速补全。å¯ä»¥å…ˆè¾“入科目å，éšåŽ&app;会补全科目å称其余部分。任何时候输入分隔符会补全科目å称的当å‰å±‚çº§ï¼Œå¹¶å°†å…‰æ ‡ç½®äºŽå¼€å§‹è¾“å…¥ç§‘ç›®å称下一层级的ä½ç½®ã€‚例如，输入<guilabel>资:æ´»</guilabel>å¯èƒ½ä¼šè¡¥å…¨ä¸º<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目。以这ç§æ–¹å¼ä¾åºè¾“å…¥å称会弹出列出了全部科目的列表，其ä¸é¢„测项会被选ä¸ã€‚å¦å¤–，也å¯ä»¥è¾“入科目å称ä¸çš„任何å—符åºåˆ—，会弹出科目列表，其ä¸ä¼šç›é€‰å‡ºåŒ…å«å½“å‰è¾“å…¥å—符åºåˆ—的科目。ä¸è®ºå“ªç§æƒ…况，都能使用<keycap>上ç®å¤´</keycap>或<keycap>下ç®å¤´</keycap>从弹出列表ä¸é€‰æ‹©ç§‘目。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>转账</guilabel>列支æŒç§‘ç›®å称的快速补全。å¯ä»¥å…ˆè¾“入科目å，éšåŽ&app;会补全科目å称其余部分。任何时候输入分隔符会补全科目å称的当å‰å±‚çº§ï¼Œå¹¶å°†å…‰æ ‡ç½®äºŽå¼€å§‹è¾“å…¥ç§‘ç›®å称下一层级的ä½ç½®ã€‚例如，输入<emphasis>资:æ´»</emphasis>å¯èƒ½ä¼šè¡¥å…¨ä¸º<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目。以这ç§æ–¹å¼ä¾åºè¾“å…¥å称会弹出列出了全部科目的列表，其ä¸é¢„测项会被选ä¸ã€‚å¦å¤–，也å¯ä»¥è¾“入科目å称ä¸çš„任何å—符åºåˆ—，会弹出科目列表，其ä¸ä¼šç›é€‰å‡ºåŒ…å«å½“å‰è¾“å…¥å—符åºåˆ—的科目。ä¸è®ºå“ªç§æƒ…况，都能使用<keycap>上ç®å¤´</keycap>或<keycap>下ç®å¤´</keycap>从弹出列表ä¸é€‰æ‹©ç§‘目。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
commit 283d025ea50348842db9e751f37cfcbf8514c7b2
Author: xuxinhang <xuxinhang4567 at 126.com>
Date: Sat Jul 15 10:26:42 2023 +0800
Fix the missing font for Chinese characters in <keycap>.
diff --git a/zh/guide/fop.xconf.in b/zh/guide/fop.xconf.in
index 4adfb292..494c7a42 100644
--- a/zh/guide/fop.xconf.in
+++ b/zh/guide/fop.xconf.in
@@ -32,11 +32,12 @@
-->
<font kerning="yes" embed-url="opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Regular.otf">
<font-triplet name="serif" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="monospace" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
</font>
<font kerning="yes" embed-url="truetype/Arphic/ukai.ttc" sub-font="AR PL UKai CN">
<font-triplet name="serif" style="italic" weight="normal"/>
<font-triplet name="serif" style="italic" weight="bold"/>
+ <font-triplet name="monospace" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="monospace" style="italic" weight="normal"/>
</font>
<font kerning="yes" embed-url="opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Bold.otf">
<font-triplet name="serif" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
commit fb789e84980529f378d1dd277b06c910d42f39cd
Author: xuxinhang <xuxinhang4567 at 126.com>
Date: Sat Jul 8 18:06:19 2023 +0800
zh-translation: typo & polish è¯è¨€ä¿®æ”¹æ¶¦è‰²
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_accts.xml b/zh/guide/ch_accts.xml
index 4f1aec73..8d9e2209 100644
--- a/zh/guide/ch_accts.xml
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_accts.xml
@@ -18,15 +18,16 @@ Translators:
<sect1 id="chapter_accts">
<title>科目</title>
- <para>这一部分会介ç»ä¸€äº›ç”¨äºŽç»„织科目的实用概念。自从&app;ä¸å†è¦æ±‚固定的科目结构之åŽï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡ä»»ä½•å¸Œæœ›çš„æ–¹å¼è‡ªç”±åœ°è®¾è®¡ç§‘ç›®ç»“æž„ã€‚ç„¶è€Œï¼Œåœ¨è®¾è®¡å®žç”¨çš„ç§‘ç›®ç»“æž„æ—¶ï¼Œä½ éœ€è¦éµå¾ªå‡ 个基本会计概念。</para>
+ <para>è¿™ä¸€ç« ä¼šä»‹ç»ä¸€äº›ç”¨äºŽç»„织科目的实用概念。自从&app;ä¸å†è¦æ±‚固定的科目结构之åŽï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡ä»»ä½•å¸Œæœ›çš„æ–¹å¼è‡ªç”±åœ°è®¾è®¡ç§‘目结构。然而，在设计尽é‡å®žç”¨çš„ç§‘ç›®ç»“æž„æ—¶ï¼Œå»ºè®®ä½ éµå¾ªå‡ 个基本会计概念。</para>
<sect2 id="accts-concepts1">
<title>基本会计概念</title>
- <para>æ£å¦‚å‰æ–‡æ‰€è¿°ï¼Œä¼šè®¡å·¥ä½œå›´ç»•äº”个基本科目类型展开：<guilabel>资产</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>负债</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>收入</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>费用</guilabel>。我们现在对这些科目类型进行更深入的ç†è§£ï¼Œå¹¶å±•ç¤ºå®ƒä»¬åœ¨&app;ä¸çš„显示形å¼ã€‚ä¸è¿‡é¦–先，我们将它们分为两组：资产负债类科目和æŸç›Šç±»ç§‘目。æ£å¦‚å…¶å，资产负债类科目总结了<emphasis>在æŸä¸€æ—¶é—´ç‚¹å¤„</emphasis>ä½ çš„èµ„äº§å’Œè´Ÿå€ºé‡‘é¢ï¼Œè€ŒæŸç›Šç±»ç§‘目能够汇总在æŸç›Šè¡¨æŠ¥å‘Šä¸ï¼ŒæŸç›Šè¡¨æŠ¥å‘Šæ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<emphasis>一段时间内的净值å˜åŠ¨</emphasis>。</para>
+ <para>æ£å¦‚å‰æ–‡æ‰€è¿°ï¼Œä¼šè®¡å·¥ä½œå›´ç»•äº”类基本科目类型展开：<guilabel>资产</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>负债</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>收入</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>费用</guilabel>。我们现在更深入地ç†è§£è¿™äº›ç§‘目类型，并展示它们在&app;ä¸çš„表现形å¼ã€‚ä¸è¿‡é¦–先，我们将它们分为两组：资产负债科目和æŸç›Šç§‘目。æ°å¦‚å…¶å，资产负债科目å¯ä»¥æ±‡æ€»<emphasis>在æŸä¸€æ—¶é—´ç‚¹å¤„</emphasis>ä½ çš„èµ„äº§å’Œè´Ÿå€ºé‡‘é¢ï¼Œè€ŒæŸç›Šç§‘目汇总在æŸç›Šè¡¨æŠ¥å‘Šä¸ï¼ŒæŸç›Šè¡¨æŠ¥å‘Šæ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<emphasis>一段时间内的净值å˜åŠ¨</emphasis>，例如一财年内的å˜åŠ¨ã€‚</para>
- <para>在深入ç†è§£ç§‘目类型之å‰ï¼Œå…ˆç®€å•å›žé¡¾ä¸€ä¸‹ä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼ï¼š<emphasis>资产 - 负债 = 所有者æƒç›Š + (收入 -
- 费用)</emphasis>。</para>
+ <para>在深入ç†è§£ç§‘目类型之å‰ï¼Œå…ˆç®€å•å›žé¡¾ä¸€ä¸‹ä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼ï¼š
+ <emphasis>资产 - 负债 = 所有者æƒç›Š + (收入 - 费用)</emphasis>。
+ </para>
<figure pgwide="1">
<title>基本科目间的关系</title>
@@ -44,82 +45,81 @@ Translators:
srccredit="Geert Janssens"/>
</imageobject>
- <caption><para>五ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘ç›®ç±»åž‹ä¹‹é—´çš„å…³ç³»å›¾ã€‚å‡€å€¼é€šè¿‡æ”¶å…¥è€Œå¢žåŠ ï¼Œé€šè¿‡è´¹ç”¨è€Œå‡å°‘。ç®å¤´ä»£è¡¨é‡‘é¢çš„移动。</para></caption>
+ <caption><para>五类基本科目类型之间的关系图。净值ç»æ”¶å…¥è€Œå¢žåŠ ，ç»è´¹ç”¨è€Œå‡å°‘。ç®å¤´ä»£è¡¨é‡‘é¢çš„移动。</para></caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
</figure>
<sect3 id="accts-bsa2">
- <title>资产负债类科目</title>
+ <title>资产负债科目</title>
- <para>三个所谓的<emphasis>资产负债类科目</emphasis>是<guilabel>资产</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>负债</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>ã€‚èµ„äº§è´Ÿå€ºç±»ç§‘ç›®ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªä½ çš„èµ„äº§æˆ–è´Ÿå€ºã€‚</para>
+ <para>三个所谓的<emphasis>资产负债科目</emphasis>是<guilabel>资产</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>负债</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>ã€‚èµ„äº§è´Ÿå€ºç§‘ç›®ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªä½ çš„èµ„äº§æˆ–è´Ÿå€ºã€‚</para>
- <para><guilabel>资产</guilabel>æ˜¯ä¸€ç»„ä½ æ‹¥æœ‰çš„ä¸œè¥¿ã€‚ä½ çš„èµ„äº§å¯èƒ½åŒ…å«æ±½è½¦ã€çŽ°é‡‘ã€æˆ¿äº§ã€è‚¡ç¥¨ï¼Œæˆ–其它任何具有兑æ¢ä»·å€¼çš„东西。兑æ¢ä»·å€¼æ˜¯æŒ‡ç†è®ºä¸Šä½ å¯ä»¥å–出资产以æ¢å–现金。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>资产</guilabel>æ˜¯ä¸€ç»„ä½ æ‹¥æœ‰çš„ä¸œè¥¿ã€‚ä½ çš„èµ„äº§å¯èƒ½åŒ…å«æ±½è½¦ã€çŽ°é‡‘ã€æˆ¿äº§ã€è‚¡ç¥¨ï¼Œæˆ–其它任何具有兑æ¢ä»·å€¼çš„东西。兑æ¢ä»·å€¼æ˜¯æŒ‡ç†è®ºä¸Šä½ å¯ä»¥å–出资产æ¢å–现金。</para>
<para><guilabel>负债</guilabel>æ˜¯ä¸€ç»„ä½ æ¬ åˆ«äººçš„ä¸œè¥¿ã€‚ä½ çš„è´Ÿå€ºå¯èƒ½åŒ…括汽车贷款ã€å¦ç”Ÿè´·æ¬¾ã€æˆ¿å±‹è´·æ¬¾ã€æŠ•èµ„ä¿è¯é‡‘å¸æˆ·ï¼Œæˆ–å…¶å®ƒä»»ä½•ä½ å¿…é¡»åœ¨æŸä¸€æ—¶åˆ»å¿è¿˜çš„东西。</para>
- <para><guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>å³â€œå‡€å€¼â€ï¼Œä»£è¡¨ä½ 从资产ä¸å‡åŽ»è´Ÿå€ºåŽæ‰€å‰©çš„东西。å¯ä»¥è®¤ä¸ºå®ƒæ˜¯ä½ 完全拥有的，ä¸å«ä»»ä½•å€ºåŠ¡çš„资产。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>å³â€œå‡€å€¼â€ï¼Œä»£è¡¨ä»Žèµ„产ä¸å‡åŽ»è´Ÿå€ºåŽæ‰€å‰©çš„东西。å¯ä»¥è®¤ä¸ºå®ƒæ˜¯ä½ 完全拥有的ã€ä¸å«ä»»ä½•å€ºåŠ¡çš„一部分资产。</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="accts-ie2">
- <title>æŸç›Šç±»ç§‘ç›®</title>
+ <title>æŸç›Šç§‘ç›®</title>
- <para>两ç§<guilabel>æŸç›Šç±»ç§‘ç›®</guilabel>ç”¨äºŽå¢žåŠ æˆ–å‡å°‘å„科目的金é¢ã€‚所以，资产负债类科目åªæ˜¯è·Ÿè¸ªä½ 资产和负债的金é¢ï¼Œè€ŒæŸç›Šç±»ç§‘目能够改å˜è¿™äº›ç§‘目的的金é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>两ç§<guilabel>æŸç›Šç§‘ç›®</guilabel>ç”¨äºŽå¢žåŠ æˆ–å‡å°‘å„科目的金é¢ã€‚所以，资产负债科目åªæ˜¯è·Ÿè¸ªèµ„产和负债的金é¢ï¼Œè€ŒæŸç›Šç§‘目能够改å˜è¿™äº›ç§‘目的的金é¢ã€‚</para>
- <para><guilabel>收入</guilabel>æ˜¯ä½ é€šè¿‡ä½ çš„æ—¶é—´ã€ä½ æ供的æœåŠ¡æˆ–å¯¹èµ„é‡‘çš„åˆ©ç”¨è€Œå¾—åˆ°çš„æŠ¥é…¬ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå½“ä½ æ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„æ”¯ç¥¨æ—¶ï¼Œå·¥èµ„æ”¯ç¥¨å°±æ˜¯ä½ ä¸ºé›‡ä¸»æ供劳动而得到的报酬。收入也å¯ä»¥åŒ…å«ä½£é‡‘ã€å°è´¹ã€æ¥è‡ªè‚¡ç¥¨çš„è‚¡æ¯æ”¶å…¥å’Œæ¥è‡ªé“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·çš„利æ¯æ”¶å…¥ã€‚æ”¶å…¥æ€»æ˜¯ä¼šå¢žåŠ èµ„äº§çš„ä»·å€¼ã€‚</para>
+ <para><guilabel>收入</guilabel>æ˜¯ä½ é€šè¿‡ä½ çš„æ—¶é—´ã€ä½ æ供的æœåŠ¡æˆ–å¯¹èµ„é‡‘çš„åˆ©ç”¨è€Œå¾—åˆ°çš„æŠ¥é…¬ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå½“ä½ æ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„æ—¶ï¼Œå·¥èµ„å°±æ˜¯ä½ ä¸ºé›‡ä¸»æ供劳动而得到的报酬。收入也包å«ä½£é‡‘ã€å°è´¹ã€æ¥è‡ªè‚¡ç¥¨çš„è‚¡æ¯æ”¶å…¥å’Œæ¥è‡ªé“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·çš„利æ¯æ”¶å…¥ã€‚æ”¶å…¥æ€»æ˜¯ä¼šå¢žåŠ èµ„äº§çš„ä»·å€¼ã€‚</para>
- <para><guilabel>费用</guilabel>涉åŠç”¨äºŽè´ä¹°ä»–人æ供的商å“或æœåŠ¡çš„资金。费用å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ä¸€é¡¿é¤é¦†çš„åˆé¥ã€æˆ¿å±‹ç§Ÿé‡‘ã€æ‚è´§ã€æ±½æ²¹æˆ–演出票。费用会å‡å°‘ä½ çš„å‡€å€¼ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ç«‹åˆ»æ”¯ä»˜è´¹ç”¨ï¼Œèµ„äº§ä¼šå‡å°‘ï¼Œè€Œå¦‚æžœä½ ä½¿ç”¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡æ”¯ä»˜è´¹ç”¨ï¼Œè´Ÿå€ºä¼šå¢žåŠ 。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>费用</guilabel>是指涉åŠç”¨äºŽè´ä¹°ä»–人æ供的商å“或æœåŠ¡çš„花销。费用å¯ä»¥æ˜¯é¤é¦†é‡Œçš„一顿晚é¥ã€æˆ¿å±‹ç§Ÿé‡‘ã€æ‚è´§ã€æ±½æ²¹æˆ–演出票。费用会å‡å°‘ä½ çš„å‡€å€¼ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ç«‹åˆ»æ”¯ä»˜è´¹ç”¨ï¼Œèµ„äº§ä¼šå‡å°‘ï¼Œè€Œå¦‚æžœä½ ä½¿ç”¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡æ”¯ä»˜è´¹ç”¨ï¼Œè´Ÿå€ºä¼šå¢žåŠ 。</para>
<!--
Translators:
Your language might have a generic term for 'income and expense'.
Then you should introduce it here in a separate paragraph
and replace 'income and expense' by it in the latter sections of this book.
+ 这里éµå¾ªå¸¸ç”¨æœ¯è¯ç¿»è¯‘为æŸç›Š
-->
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="accts-types1">
- <title>&app;科目</title>
+ <title>&app; 科目</title>
- <para>本节将展示&app;å®šä¹‰çš„ç§‘ç›®æ€Žæ ·å¯¹åº”äºŽäº”ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘目类型。</para>
+ <para>本节将é˜æ˜Ž&app;定义的科目如何对应于五类基本科目类型。</para>
- <para>首先，给出对&app;ä¸ç§‘目的定义。一个&app;<guilabel>科目</guilabel>是包å«å…¶å®ƒå科目或交易的实体。
- 由于科目å¯ä»¥åŒ…å«å…¶å®ƒç§‘ç›®ï¼Œä½ ç»å¸¸å¯ä»¥åœ¨&app;ä¸çœ‹åˆ°ç§‘目表，逻辑上相关的科目在一个共åŒçš„父科目下分为一组。</para>
+ <para>首先，给出&app;ä¸ç§‘目的定义。一个&app;<guilabel>科目</guilabel>是包å«å…¶å®ƒå科目或交易的实体。由于科目å¯ä»¥åŒ…å«å…¶å®ƒç§‘ç›®ï¼Œä½ ç»å¸¸å¯ä»¥åœ¨&app;ä¸çœ‹åˆ°ç§‘ç›®æ ‘ï¼Œé€»è¾‘ä¸Šç›¸å…³çš„ç§‘ç›®åœ¨ä¸€ä¸ªå…±åŒçš„父科目下分为一组。</para>
- <para>&app;ä¸ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘ç›®å¿…é¡»å…·æœ‰ï¼ˆç”±ä½ æŒ‡å®šçš„ï¼‰å”¯ä¸€çš„å称并指定为预定义的&app;<quote>科目类型</quote>çš„å…¶ä¸ä¹‹ä¸€ã€‚&app;ä¸æ€»å…±æœ‰12ç§ç§‘目类型。这12ç§ç§‘目类型基于5ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘目类型，之所以&app;科目类型多于基本科目类型是为了帮助&app;针对æŸäº›ç§‘目实现特殊的跟踪和处ç†ã€‚有6ç§èµ„产科目（现金ã€é“¶è¡Œã€è‚¡ç¥¨ã€å…±åŒåŸºé‡‘ã€åº”收账款和资产）ã€3ç§è´Ÿå€ºç§‘目（信用å¡ã€åº”付账款和负债）ã€1ç§æ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šç§‘目（所有者æƒç›Šï¼‰ã€1ç§æ”¶å…¥ç§‘目（收入）ã€1ç§è´¹ç”¨ç§‘目（费用）。</para>
+ <para>&app;ä¸ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘ç›®å¿…é¡»å…·æœ‰ï¼ˆç”±ä½ æŒ‡å®šçš„ï¼‰å”¯ä¸€å称，以åŠé¢„定义&app;<quote>科目类型</quote>çš„å…¶ä¸ä¹‹ä¸€ã€‚&app;总共有12ç§ç§‘目类型。这12ç§ç§‘ç›®å‡å¯å½’类于5类基本科目类型，之所以&app;科目类型多于基本科目类型是为了帮助&app;针对æŸäº›ç§‘目进行特殊的跟踪和处ç†ã€‚有6ç§èµ„产科目（现金ã€é“¶è¡Œã€è‚¡ç¥¨ã€å…±åŒåŸºé‡‘ã€åº”收账款和资产）ã€3ç§è´Ÿå€ºç§‘目（信用å¡ã€åº”付账款和负债）ã€1ç§æ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šç§‘目（所有者æƒç›Šï¼‰ã€1ç§æ”¶å…¥ç§‘目（收入）ã€1ç§è´¹ç”¨ç§‘目（费用）。</para>
- <para>下文详细列出了这些&app;科目类型。</para>
+ <para>下é¢è¯¦ç»†åˆ—出这些&app;科目类型。</para>
<sect3 id="accts-gc-bsa2">
- <title>资产负债类科目</title>
+ <title>资产负债科目</title>
- <para>第一ç§è¯¦ç»†ä»‹ç»çš„资产负债类科目是<emphasis>资产</emphasis>，æ£å¦‚ä½ åœ¨å‰æ–‡å¦ä¹ åˆ°çš„é‚£æ ·ï¼Œèµ„äº§æ¶‰åŠä½ 拥有的东西。</para>
+ <para>第一ç§è¯¦ç»†ä»‹ç»çš„资产负债科目是<emphasis>资产</emphasis>，æ£å¦‚ä½ åœ¨å‰æ–‡äº†è§£åˆ°çš„é‚£æ ·ï¼Œèµ„äº§æ¶‰åŠä½ 拥有的东西。</para>
- <para>ä¸ºäº†å¸®åŠ©ä½ ç»„ç»‡èµ„äº§ç§‘ç›®å¹¶æ–¹ä¾¿å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œ&app;支æŒå‡ ç§èµ„产科目类型：</para>
+ <para>ä¸ºäº†å¸®åŠ©ä½ ç»„ç»‡èµ„äº§ç§‘ç›®å¹¶ä¾¿äºŽå½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œ&app;支æŒä»¥ä¸‹å‡ ç§èµ„产科目类型：</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>现金</guilabel>。使用æ¤ç§‘ç›®è·Ÿè¸ªä½ åœ¨æ‰‹å¤´ã€é’±åŒ…里ã€å˜é’±ç½ä¸ã€åºŠåž«ä¸‹ï¼Œæˆ–ä»»ä½•ä½ æƒ³æ”¾åœ¨æ‰‹è¾¹çš„åœ°æ–¹çš„çŽ°é‡‘ã€‚è¿™æ˜¯æœ€å…·<emphasis>æµåŠ¨æ€§</emphasis>çš„ã€æœ€æ–¹ä¾¿äº¤æ˜“的资产类型。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>现金</guilabel>。使用æ¤ç§‘ç›®è·Ÿè¸ªä½ åœ¨æ‰‹å¤´ã€é’±åŒ…里ã€å˜é’±ç½ä¸ã€åºŠåž«ä¸‹ï¼Œæˆ–ä»»ä½•ä½ é€‰æ‹©æ”¾åœ¨æ‰‹è¾¹çš„çŽ°é‡‘ã€‚è¿™æ˜¯æœ€å…·<emphasis>æµåŠ¨æ€§</emphasis>çš„ã€æœ€æ–¹ä¾¿äº¤æ˜“的资产类型。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>银行</guilabel>。æ¤ç§‘ç›®ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªä½ åœ¨é“¶è¡Œï¼Œä¿¡ç”¨åˆä½œç¤¾ï¼Œå‚¨è“„ã€è´·æ¬¾æˆ–ç»çºªå…¬å¸ç‰ä»»ä½•èµ„产å—ä¿æŠ¤çš„机构ä¸çš„ä½™é¢ã€‚
- 这是第二最具<emphasis>æµåŠ¨æ€§</emphasis>çš„ç§‘ç›®ç±»åž‹ï¼Œå› ä¸ºä½ å¯ä»¥æ–¹ä¾¿åœ°å°†å…¶è½¬æ¢ä¸ºæ‰‹å¤´çš„现金。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>银行</guilabel>。æ¤ç§‘ç›®ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªä½ åœ¨é“¶è¡Œï¼Œä¿¡ç”¨åˆä½œç¤¾ï¼Œå‚¨è“„ã€è´·æ¬¾æˆ–ç»çºªå…¬å¸ç‰ä»»ä½•èµ„产å—ä¿æŠ¤çš„机构ä¸çš„ä½™é¢ã€‚这是第二最具<emphasis>æµåŠ¨æ€§</emphasis>çš„ç§‘ç›®ç±»åž‹ï¼Œå› ä¸ºä½ å¯ä»¥æ–¹ä¾¿åœ°å°†ä¹‹å…‘æ¢ä¸ºæ‰‹å¤´çš„现金。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>股票</guilabel>。使用æ¤ç§‘ç›®ç±»åž‹è·Ÿè¸ªä½ ä¸ªäººæŒæœ‰çš„股票和债券。股票科目的账簿æä¾›é™„åŠ åˆ—ï¼Œç”¨äºŽè¾“å…¥ä»½é¢æ•°é‡å’ŒæŠ•èµ„ä»·æ ¼ã€‚é™¤éžä½ 找到买家，å¦åˆ™ä½ å¯èƒ½æ— 法方便地将这ç§ç±»åž‹çš„资产转æ¢ä¸ºçŽ°é‡‘ï¼Œè€Œä¸”ä½ æ— æ³•ä¿è¯å–出出时得到的金é¢ä¸Žä¹°å…¥æ—¶èŠ±è´¹çš„金é¢ç›¸åŒã€‚</para>
+ <para><guilabel>股票</guilabel>。使用æ¤ç§‘ç›®ç±»åž‹è·Ÿè¸ªä½ å•ç‹¬æŒæœ‰çš„股票和债券。股票科目账簿æä¾›é™„åŠ åˆ—ï¼Œç”¨äºŽè¾“å…¥ä»½é¢æ•°é‡å’ŒæŠ•èµ„ä»·æ ¼ã€‚é™¤éžä½ 找到买家，å¦åˆ™ä½ å¯èƒ½æ— 法方便地将这ç§ç±»åž‹çš„资产转æ¢ä¸ºçŽ°é‡‘ï¼Œè€Œä¸”ä½ æ— æ³•ä¿è¯å–出时得到的金é¢ä¸Žä¹°å…¥æ—¶èŠ±è´¹çš„金é¢ç›¸åŒã€‚</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>å…±åŒåŸºé‡‘</guilabel>。这一科目类型与股票科目类似，åªæ˜¯å®ƒæ˜¯ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªåŸºé‡‘的。它的账簿也æ供了åŒæ ·çš„é™„åŠ åˆ—ç”¨äºŽè¾“å…¥ä»½é¢å’Œä»·æ ¼ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚基金代表å„ç§æŠ•èµ„的所有æƒä»½é¢ï¼Œè€Œä¸”å’Œè‚¡ç¥¨ä¸€æ ·ä¸æ供任何ä¿è¯çš„现金价值。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>å…±åŒåŸºé‡‘</guilabel>。这一科目类型与股票科目类似，åªä¸è¿‡æ˜¯ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªåŸºé‡‘的。它的账簿也æ供了相åŒçš„é™„åŠ åˆ—ç”¨äºŽè¾“å…¥ä»½é¢å’Œä»·æ ¼ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚基金代表多项投资的所有æƒä»½é¢ï¼Œè€Œä¸”å’Œè‚¡ç¥¨ä¸€æ ·ä¸å¯¹çŽ°é‡‘价值æ供任何ä¿è¯ã€‚</para>
<para>&app;以相åŒçš„æ–¹å¼å¤„ç†è‚¡ç¥¨å’Œå…±åŒåŸºé‡‘这两ç§ç§‘目类型。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>应收账款</guilabel>。æ¤ç§‘目一般仅用于ä¼ä¸šã€‚ä½ åº”å½“å°†åˆ«äººæ¬ ä½ çš„é‡è¦å€Ÿæ¬¾å½•å…¥åº”收账款科目ä¸ã€‚应收账款被认为是一ç§èµ„äº§ï¼Œå› ä¸ºä½ èƒ½å¤ŸæŒ‡æœ›å¯¹æ–¹å½’è¿˜è¿™äº›èµ„é‡‘ã€‚</para>
+ <para><guilabel>应收账款</guilabel>。æ¤ç§‘目一般仅用于ä¼ä¸šã€‚ä½ åº”å½“å°†åˆ«äººæ¬ ä½ çš„é‡è¦å€Ÿæ¬¾å½•å…¥åº”收账款科目ä¸ã€‚一般视应收账款为一ç§èµ„äº§ï¼Œå› ä¸ºä½ èƒ½å¤ŸæŒ‡æœ›å¯¹æ–¹å½’è¿˜è¿™äº›èµ„é‡‘ã€‚</para>
<para>ä¸åº”以任何方å¼æ·»åŠ ã€æ›´æ”¹æˆ–åˆ é™¤æ¶‰åŠåº”收账款科目的交易，除éžä½¿ç”¨</para>
<itemizedlist>
@@ -136,27 +136,26 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>资产</guilabel>。&app;å¯ä»¥è½»æ¾åœ°å¤„ç†è®¸å¤šå…¶å®ƒæƒ…况，ä¸ç®¡è¿™äº›æƒ…况有多么å˜åŒ–多端。科目类型<quote>资产</quote>å¯ä»¥ç”¨äºŽä¸Šæ–‡æœªåˆ—出的å„ç§èµ„产。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>资产</guilabel>。&app;å¯ä»¥è½»æ¾åœ°å¤„ç†å…¶å®ƒè®¸å¤šæƒ…况，ä¸ç®¡è¿™äº›æƒ…况有多么的å˜åŒ–多端。科目类型<quote>资产</quote>å¯ä»¥ç”¨äºŽä¸Šæ–‡æœªåˆ—出的å„ç§èµ„产。</para>
<para>&app;以相åŒçš„æ–¹å¼å¤„ç†çŽ°é‡‘ã€é“¶è¡Œå’Œèµ„产科目类型。</para>
- <para>科目用于跟踪或记录与建立科目的目的相关的活动。</para>
+ <para>科目是“信æ¯ä»“库â€ï¼Œç”¨ä»¥è·Ÿè¸ªæˆ–记录与建立科目的目相关的活动。</para>
- <para>对于ä¼ä¸šï¼Œè·Ÿè¸ªå’ŒæŠ¥å‘Šçš„活动往往会被细分得比这里考虑的更细。为了对这ç§å¯èƒ½è¿›è¡Œæ›´æ·±å…¥çš„ç ”ç©¶ï¼Œè¯·é˜…è¯»æœ¬æŒ‡å—<xref
+ <para>对于ä¼ä¸šï¼Œå¾€å¾€ä¼šæŠŠè¦è·Ÿè¸ªå’Œç¼–åˆ¶æŠ¥è¡¨çš„æ´»åŠ¨ç»†åˆ†å¾—æ¯”è¿™é‡Œè€ƒè™‘çš„æ›´åŠ ç»†è‡´ã€‚ä¸ºäº†æ›´æ·±å…¥åœ°ç ”ç©¶è¿™ä¸€å¯èƒ½ï¼Œè¯·é˜…读本指å—<xref
linkend="chapter_other_assets"/>ä¸çš„相关æ述。</para>
- <para>用于个人财务的科目结构å¯ä»¥ä¸Žç”¨äºŽä¼ä¸šçš„科目结构相åŒï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ä¸åŒã€‚å› ä¸ºç”¨äºŽä¼ä¸šçš„科目结构å¯èƒ½å¯¹ä¸ªäººæ£åœ¨è·Ÿè¸ªçš„财务活动和个人管ç†é‡‘èžèµ„产需è¦çš„报表类型有一定作用。更多信æ¯å¯æŸ¥é˜…本指å—çš„<xref
- linkend="chapter_other_assets"/>。</para>
+ <para>对于个人财务管ç†ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ä¸Žä¼ä¸šç›¸åŒçš„科目结构，也å¯ä»¥ä¸åŒã€‚å› ä¸ºç”¨äºŽä¼ä¸šçš„科目结构å¯èƒ½å¯¹ä¸ªäººæ£åœ¨è·Ÿè¸ªçš„财务活动和个人管ç†é‡‘èžèµ„产需è¦çš„å„类报表有一定作用。更多信æ¯å¯æŸ¥é˜…本指å—çš„<xref linkend="chapter_other_assets"/>。</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
- <para>第二ç§èµ„产负债类科目是<emphasis>负债</emphasis>，æ£å¦‚å‰æ–‡æ‰€è¿°ï¼Œå®ƒæŒ‡ä½ æ¬ çš„ä¸œè¥¿æˆ–ä½ å€Ÿå…¥çš„é’±ï¼Œè€Œä¸”åº”å½“åœ¨å°†æ¥å¿è¿˜ã€‚这些都代表ç€å€Ÿæ¬¾äººä»Žä½ 这里获得回报的æƒåˆ©ã€‚跟踪负债余é¢å¯ä»¥è®©ä½ 知é“在æŸä¸€æ—¶é—´ç‚¹ä½ 有多少负债。</para>
+ <para>第二ç§èµ„产负债科目是<emphasis>负债</emphasis>，æ£å¦‚å‰æ–‡æ‰€è¿°ï¼Œå®ƒæŒ‡ä½ æ¬ çš„ä¸œè¥¿æˆ–ä½ å€Ÿå…¥çš„é’±ï¼Œè€Œä¸”åº”å½“åœ¨å°†æ¥å¿è¿˜ã€‚这些都代表ç€å€Ÿæ¬¾äººä»Žä½ 这里获得回报的æƒåˆ©ã€‚跟踪负债余é¢å¯ä»¥è®©ä½ 知é“在æŸä¸€æ—¶é—´ç‚¹ä½ 承担了多少负债。</para>
<para>&app; æ供三ç§è´Ÿå€ºç§‘目类型：</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>信用å¡</guilabel>用于跟踪信用å¡æ”¶æ®å¹¶æ ¸å¯¹ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç»“å•ã€‚信用å¡ä»£è¡¨ä¸€ç§åº”当å‘信用å¡å…¬å¸å¿è¿˜çš„çŸæœŸè´·æ¬¾ï¼Œè¿™ç§ç§‘目也å¯ç”¨äºŽå…¶å®ƒçŸæœŸè´·æ¬¾ï¼Œä¾‹å¦‚从银行获得的信用贷款。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>信用å¡</guilabel>用于跟踪信用å¡æ”¶æ®å¹¶æ ¹æ®ä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´¦å•å¯¹è´¦ã€‚信用å¡ä»£è¡¨ä¸€ç§åº”当å‘信用å¡å…¬å¸å¿è¿˜çš„çŸæœŸè´·æ¬¾ï¼Œè¿™ç§ç§‘目也å¯ç”¨äºŽå…¶å®ƒçŸæœŸè´·æ¬¾ï¼Œä¾‹å¦‚从银行获得的信用贷款。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@@ -174,41 +173,39 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>负债</guilabel>
- 用于所有其它的负债，一般是数é¢æ›´å¤§çš„长期贷款，例如房屋贷款或汽车贷款。æ¤ç§‘ç›®æœ‰åŠ©äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªä½ å½“å‰çš„负债金é¢æˆ–当å‰çš„å·²å¿è¿˜é‡‘é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para><guilabel>负债</guilabel>用于所有其它的负债，一般是数é¢æ›´å¤§çš„长期贷款，例如房屋贷款或汽车贷款。æ¤ç§‘ç›®æœ‰åŠ©äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªä½ å½“å‰çš„负债金é¢æˆ–å·²å¿è¿˜é‡‘é¢ã€‚</para>
- <para>&app;以相åŒçš„æ–¹å¼å¯¹å¾…信用å¡å’Œè´Ÿå€ºè¿™ä¸¤ç§ç§‘目类型。</para>
+ <para>&app;以相åŒçš„æ–¹å¼å¤„ç†ä¿¡ç”¨å¡å’Œè´Ÿå€ºè¿™ä¸¤ç§ç§‘目类型。</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<tip>
- <para>负债记录方法与资产相å：<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>å¢žåŠ è´Ÿå€ºä½™é¢ï¼Œ<emphasis>借</emphasis>å‡å°‘负债余é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>负债的记账方法与资产相å：<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>å¢žåŠ è´Ÿå€ºä½™é¢ï¼Œ<emphasis>借</emphasis>å‡å°‘负债余é¢ã€‚</para>
</tip>
- <para>最åŽä¸€ç§èµ„产负债类科目是<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š</emphasis>，也就是<quote>净值</quote>。它代表从资产ä¸å‡åŽ»è´Ÿå€ºåŽçš„å‰©ä½™ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥è¿™æ˜¯ä½ çš„èµ„äº§ä¸æ‰€å®Œå…¨ç”±ä½ 拥有的部分，也就是ä¸å«è´Ÿå€ºçš„部分。在
- &app;ä¸ä½¿ç”¨æ¤ç±»ç§‘目作为期åˆé“¶è¡Œä½™é¢çš„æ¥æºï¼Œå› 为这些余é¢ä»£è¡¨ä½ çš„åˆå§‹å‡€å€¼ã€‚</para>
+ <para>最åŽä¸€ç§èµ„产负债科目是<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š</emphasis>，也就是<quote>净值</quote>。它代表从资产ä¸å‡åŽ»è´Ÿå€ºåŽçš„å‰©ä½™ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥è¿™æ˜¯ä½ çš„èµ„äº§ä¸ä¸å«ä»»ä½•è´Ÿå€ºçš„ã€å®Œå…¨ç”±ä½ 拥有的部分。在&app;ä¸æ¤ç±»ç§‘目用作期åˆä½™é¢çš„æ¥æºï¼Œå› 为这些余é¢ä»£è¡¨ä½ çš„åˆå§‹å‡€å€¼ã€‚</para>
- <para>通常科目表ä¸åªæœ‰ä¸€ä¸ª&app;所有者æƒç›Šç§‘目，自然被å«åš<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>。对于ä¼ä¸šï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ä¸ºæ¯ä¸ªåˆä½œä¼™ä¼´åˆ›å»ºå科目。</para>
+ <para>通常科目表ä¸åªæœ‰ä¸€ä¸ª&app;所有者æƒç›Šç§‘目，自然被å«åš<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>。对于ä¼ä¸šï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ä¸ºæ¯ä½åˆä½œä¼™ä¼´åˆ›å»ºå…¶å科目。</para>
<tip>
<para>在所有者æƒç›Šç§‘ç›®ä¸ï¼Œè´·å¢žåŠ 科目余é¢ï¼Œå€Ÿå‡å°‘科目余é¢ã€‚</para>
</tip>
<note>
- <para>å…³è”资产负债类科目的会计ç‰å¼æ˜¯ “资产 = 负债 + 所有者æƒç›Šâ€ï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯æ”¹å†™ä¸º “负债 - 资产 =
+ <para>å…³è”资产负债科目的会计ç‰å¼æ˜¯ “资产 = 负债 + 所有者æƒç›Šâ€ï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯æ”¹å†™ä¸º “负债 - 资产 =
所有者æƒç›Šâ€ã€‚所以，通俗地讲，<emphasis>ä½ æ‹¥æœ‰çš„ä¸œè¥¿</emphasis>å‡åŽ»<emphasis>ä½ æ¬ çš„ä¸œè¥¿</emphasis>ç‰äºŽ<emphasis>净值</emphasis>。</para>
</note>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="accts-gc-ie2">
- <title>æŸç›Šç±»ç§‘ç›®</title>
+ <title>æŸç›Šç§‘ç›®</title>
- <para><emphasis>收入</emphasis>æ˜¯ä½ ç”±äºŽä½ çš„æ—¶é—´ã€ä½ æ供的æœåŠ¡æˆ–对钱的利用而获得的支付金é¢ã€‚ 在&app;ä¸ï¼Œ
- 使用<guilabel>收入</guilabel>类型科目跟踪这些金é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para><emphasis>收入</emphasis>æ˜¯ä½ ç”±äºŽä½ çš„æ—¶é—´ã€ä½ æ供的æœåŠ¡æˆ–对钱的利用而获得的支付金é¢ã€‚在&app;ä¸ï¼Œ
+ 使用<guilabel>收入</guilabel>科目类型跟踪这些金é¢ã€‚</para>
<tip>
<para>è´·å¢žåŠ æ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ä½™é¢ï¼Œå€Ÿå‡å°‘收入科目余é¢ã€‚æ£å¦‚<xref
- linkend="basics-accounting1"/>所述，贷代表金é¢ä»Žç§‘ç›®ä¸ç§»å‡ºã€‚所以在这些收入科目ä¸ï¼Œå½“ä½ å°†é’±ä»Žæ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ç§»åˆ°å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目时（贷），收入科目的余é¢ä¼š<emphasis>å¢žåŠ </emphasis>ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå½“ä½ å˜å…¥å·¥èµ„并记录了一次从收入科目到银行账户的交易时，这两个科目的余é¢éƒ½å¢žåŠ 了。</para>
+ linkend="basics-accounting1"/>所述，贷代表金é¢ä»Žç§‘ç›®ä¸ç§»å‡ºã€‚所以在收入科目ä¸ï¼Œå½“ä½ å°†é’±ä»Žæ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ç§»åˆ°å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目时（贷），收入科目的余é¢ä¼š<emphasis>å¢žåŠ </emphasis>ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå½“ä½ å˜å…¥å·¥èµ„并记录了一笔从收入科目至银行账户的交易时，这两个科目的余é¢éƒ½å¢žåŠ 了。</para>
</tip>
<para><emphasis>费用</emphasis>æŒ‡ä½ ç”¨äºŽè´ä¹°ä»–人æ供的商å“或æœåŠ¡çš„钱。
@@ -219,14 +216,14 @@ Translators:
</tip>
<note>
- <para>在æŸæ—¶æœŸå†…，从总收入å‡åŽ»æ€»è´¹ç”¨å¾—到净收入。净收入éšåŽä½œä¸ºç•™å˜æ”¶ç›Šæ·»åŠ 到资产负债表的<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>科目。</para>
+ <para>在一段时间内，从总收入å‡åŽ»æ€»è´¹ç”¨å¾—到净收入。净收入éšåŽä½œä¸ºç•™å˜æ”¶ç›Šæ·»åŠ 到资产负债表的<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>科目。</para>
</note>
- <para>下é¢æ˜¯æ ‡å‡†çš„<guilabel>收入</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>费用</guilabel>科目，在新建科目层级å‘导（<menuchoice>
+ <para>下é¢å±•ç¤ºäº†æ ‡å‡†çš„<guilabel>收入</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>费用</guilabel>科目，在<guilabel>新建科目层级</guilabel>å‘导（<menuchoice>
<guimenu>功能</guimenu>
- <guimenuitem>新建科目层级...</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>）ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>通用科目</guilabel>åŽæ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚</para>
+ <guimenuitem>新建科目层级…</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>）ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>通用科目</guilabel>åŽä¼šåˆ›å»ºã€‚</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
<title>默认收入科目</title>
@@ -264,8 +261,7 @@ Translators:
<para>也有其它一些特殊的科目类型。</para>
- <para><emphasis>贸易</emphasis>多å¸ç§äº¤æ˜“在多个<quote>贸易</quote>科目ä¸å½•å…¥åˆ†å½•ï¼Œä»¥ä½¿äº¤æ˜“在æ¯ä¸ªå¸ç§ä¸Šå’Œæ•´ä¸ªè´¦ç°¿ä¸Šå‡ä¿æŒå¹³è¡¡ã€‚请查看<xref
- linkend="chapter_currency"/> 详细了解。</para>
+ <para><emphasis>贸易</emphasis>。多货å¸äº¤æ˜“需è¦å½•å…¥ä¸Ž<quote>贸易</quote>科目关è”的分录，以使交易在æ¯ç§è´§å¸å’Œæ•´ä¸ªè´¦ç°¿ä¸Šå‡ä¿æŒå¹³è¡¡ã€‚请阅读<xref linkend="chapter_currency"/>详细了解。</para>
<para><emphasis>è´§å¸å¸‚场</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>信用é¢åº¦</emphasis>仅用于OFX导入器，以完整符åˆè§„范。</para>
</sect3>
@@ -274,37 +270,36 @@ Translators:
<sect2 id="accts-examples1">
<title>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</title>
- <para>现在使用从æ¤ç« å¦ä¹ 到的内容，实æ“构建通用个人财务科目表的过程。科目表åªä¸è¿‡æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªæ–°çš„&app;æ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œä½ åœ¨å…¶ä¸ç»„织科目结构以跟踪财务状况。è¦æž„建科目表，第一æ¥æ˜¯å°†ä½ 想è¦è·Ÿè¸ªçš„项目分割进基本会计科目类型ä¸åŽ»ã€‚这很简å•ï¼Œä¸å¦¨çœ‹çœ‹ä¸‹é¢è¿™ä¸ªä¾‹å。</para>
+ <para>çŽ°åœ¨æ ¹æ®ä»Žæ¤ç« å¦ä¹ 到的内容，体会构建通用个人财务科目表的过程。科目表åªä¸è¿‡æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªæ–°çš„&app;æ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥åœ¨å…¶ä¸ç»„织科目结构用以跟踪财务状况。è¦æž„建科目表，第一æ¥æ˜¯å°†ä½ 想è¦è·Ÿè¸ªçš„财务事项划分到å„个基本会计科目类型ä¸åŽ»ã€‚这相当简å•ï¼Œä¸å¦¨çœ‹çœ‹ä¸‹é¢è¿™ä¸ªä¾‹å。</para>
<sect3 id="accts-examples-situation2">
<title>简å•ç¤ºä¾‹</title>
- <para>å‡å®šä½ 在银行ä¸æœ‰ä¸€ä¸ªæ´»æœŸè´¦æˆ·å’Œä¸€ä¸ªå‚¨è“„è´¦æˆ·ï¼Œä½ è‡ªå·±å—é›‡ä½£å› æ¤ä¼šæ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„ã€‚ä½ æ‹¥æœ‰ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ï¼ŒæŒ‰æœˆæ”¯ä»˜æˆ¿ç§Ÿã€è¯è´¹å’Œç”µè´¹ã€‚å½“ç„¶ï¼Œä½ ä¹Ÿéœ€è¦è´ä¹°æ‚货。现在，我们ä¸ä¼šå…³å¿ƒä½ åœ¨é“¶è¡Œé‡Œæœ‰å¤šå°‘é’±ï¼Œä½ ä¿¡ç”¨å¡æ¬ 了多少钱，ç‰ç‰ã€‚我们åªæƒ³ç®€å•åœ°æž„建科目表的框架。</para>
+ <para>å‡å®šä½ 在银行ä¸æœ‰ä¸€ä¸ªæ´»æœŸè´¦æˆ·å’Œä¸€ä¸ªå‚¨è“„è´¦æˆ·ï¼Œä½ è‡ªå·±å—é›‡ä½£å› æ¤ä¼šæ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„ã€‚ä½ æŒæœ‰ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ï¼ŒæŒ‰æœˆæ”¯ä»˜æˆ¿ç§Ÿã€è¯è´¹å’Œç”µè´¹ã€‚å½“ç„¶ï¼Œä½ ä¹Ÿéœ€è¦è´ä¹°é£Ÿå“æ‚货。现在，我们ä¸ä¼šå…³å¿ƒä½ 在银行里å˜äº†å¤šå°‘é’±ï¼Œä½ çš„ä¿¡ç”¨å¡æ¬ 了多少钱，ç‰ç‰ã€‚这里åªæ˜¯ç®€å•åœ°æž„建科目表的框架。</para>
- <para>ä½ çš„<guilabel>资产</guilabel>包å«é“¶è¡Œå‚¨è“„账户和活期账户金é¢ã€‚ä½ çš„<guilabel>负债</guilabel>是信用å¡æ¬ æ¬¾ã€‚ä½ çš„<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>是银行账户和信用å¡çš„åˆå§‹é‡‘é¢ï¼ˆæˆ‘们目å‰è¿˜æ²¡æœ‰è¿™äº›é‡‘é¢æ•°æ®ï¼Œä½†è¿™äº›é‡‘é¢æ˜¯å˜åœ¨çš„ï¼‰ã€‚ä½ ä»¥è–ªèµ„çš„å½¢å¼èŽ·å¾—<guilabel>收入</guilabel>，以æ‚è´§ã€æˆ¿ç§Ÿã€ç”µè´¹ã€è¯è´¹å’Œè–ªèµ„税费（所得税ã€ç¤¾ä¿ã€åŒ»ä¿ç‰ï¼‰çš„å½¢å¼äº§ç”Ÿ<guilabel>费用</guilabel>。</para>
+ <para>ä½ çš„<guilabel>资产</guilabel>包å«é“¶è¡Œå‚¨è“„è´¦æˆ·å’Œæ´»æœŸè´¦æˆ·ã€‚ä½ çš„<guilabel>负债</guilabel>是信用å¡æ¬ æ¬¾ã€‚ä½ çš„<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>是银行账户和信用å¡çš„åˆå§‹é‡‘é¢ï¼ˆæˆ‘们目å‰è¿˜æ²¡æœ‰è¿™äº›é‡‘é¢æ•°æ®ï¼Œä½†è¿™äº›é‡‘é¢æ˜¯å˜åœ¨çš„ï¼‰ã€‚ä½ ä»¥è–ªèµ„çš„å½¢å¼èŽ·å¾—<guilabel>收入</guilabel>，以食å“æ‚è´§ã€æˆ¿ç§Ÿã€ç”µè´¹ã€è¯è´¹å’Œè–ªèµ„税费（所得税ã€ç¤¾ä¿ã€åŒ»ä¿ç‰ï¼‰çš„å½¢å¼äº§ç”Ÿ<guilabel>费用</guilabel>。</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="accts-examples-toplevel2">
<title>基本顶级科目</title>
- <para>çŽ°åœ¨ä½ å¿…é¡»å†³å®šä½ æƒ³æ€Žæ ·ç»„ç»‡è¿™äº›ç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä¸€èˆ¬æ¥è¯´ï¼Œä½ 想è¦ä½ çš„<emphasis>资产</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>负债</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>收入</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>费用</emphasis>分为一组。这是最构建科目表常è§çš„æ–¹å¼ï¼ŒåŒæ—¶å¼ºçƒˆå»ºè®®ä½ 总是以æ¤ä½œä¸ºèµ·ç‚¹ã€‚</para>
+ <para>çŽ°åœ¨ä½ å¿…é¡»å†³å®šä½ æƒ³è¦æ€Žæ ·ç»„织这些科目。一般æ¥è¯´ï¼Œä½ æƒ³è®©ä½ çš„<emphasis>资产</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>负债</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>收入</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>费用</emphasis>分为一组。这是最常è§çš„构建科目表的方å¼ï¼ŒåŒæ—¶å¼ºçƒˆå»ºè®®ä½ 总是以之作为组织科目的起点。</para>
<para>一开始，从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
<guimenu>文件</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>新建</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice> 创建空白的&app;文件。
- <guilabel>新建科目层次</guilabel>å‘导会å¯åŠ¨ã€‚点击<guibutton>å–消</guibutton>å…³é—å‘å¯¼ï¼Œå› ä¸ºæˆ‘ä»¬ä¸æƒ³ä½¿ç”¨ä»»ä½•ä¸€ç§é¢„å®šä¹‰çš„ç§‘ç›®ç»“æž„ã€‚æˆ‘ä»¬å°†æ ¹æ®è‡ªå·±çš„想法自行构建基本åˆå§‹ç§‘目结构。在空白的&app;窗å£ä¸é€‰æ‹©èœå•<menuchoice>
- <guimenu>æµè§ˆ</guimenu>
+ </menuchoice>创建空白的&app;文件。<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导会å¯åŠ¨ã€‚点击<guibutton>å–消</guibutton>å…³é—å‘å¯¼ï¼Œå› ä¸ºæˆ‘ä»¬ä¸æƒ³ä½¿ç”¨ä»»ä½•ä¸€ç§é¢„定义的科目结构。我们将ä¾ç…§è‡ªå·±çš„想法自行构建基本åˆå§‹ç§‘目结构。在空白的&app;窗å£ä¸é€‰æ‹©èœå•<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>查看</guimenu>
- <guimenuitem>新科目页é¢</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>，éšåŽ<guilabel>科目</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µå°†æ‰“开。å†é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
+ <guimenuitem>新科目页é¢<!-- ToDoZ: 账簿多开是什么翻译 --></guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>，éšåŽå°†æ‰“å¼€<guilabel>科目</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚å†é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
<guimenu>功能</guimenu>
- <guimenuitem>新建科目...</guimenuitem>
+ <guimenuitem>新建科目…</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>。</para>
- <para>现在å¯ä»¥å¼€å§‹æž„建æ¤åŸºæœ¬åˆå§‹ç§‘目结构了。</para>
+ <para>现在å¯ä»¥ç€æ‰‹æž„建基本åˆå§‹ç§‘目结构了。</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
@@ -344,8 +339,8 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>科目å称：<guilabel>花费</guilabel>
- （科目类型：<guilabel>花费</guilabel>，父科目：<guilabel>新建顶级科目</guilabel>）</para>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>费用</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>费用</guilabel>，父科目：<guilabel>新建顶级科目</guilabel>）</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
@@ -370,16 +365,15 @@ Translators:
<sect3 id="accts-examples-organization2">
<title>创建å科目</title>
- <para>现在å¯ä»¥å‘åŸºæœ¬é¡¶çº§ç§‘ç›®æ ‘ç»“æž„æ·»åŠ ä¸€äº›å˜å‚¨å®žé™…交易记录的å科目。注æ„税费科目置于å为<emphasis>税费</emphasis>çš„å科目之下。å¯ä»¥åœ¨å科目下å†åˆ›å»ºå科目。一般针对一组相关的科目进行æ¤æ“作（例如这个例åä¸çš„å„税费科目）。</para>
+ <para>现在å¯ä»¥å‘åŸºæœ¬é¡¶çº§ç§‘ç›®æ ‘ç»“æž„æ·»åŠ ä¸€äº›å˜å‚¨å®žé™…交易的å科目。注æ„å„个税费科目置于å为<emphasis>税费</emphasis>çš„å科目之下。å¯ä»¥åœ¨å科目下å†åˆ›å»ºå科目。一般将一组相关的科目作为åŒä¸€ç§‘目的å科目（如这个例åä¸çš„å„个税费科目）。</para>
<tip>
<para>除了从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
<guimenu>功能</guimenu>
- <guimenuitem>新建科目...</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>，也å¯ä»¥å³å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称并选择<guilabel>新建科目...</guilabel>èœå•é¡¹åˆ›å»ºç›¸åº”科目的å科目。
- éšåŽä¼šæ‰“开与<xref
- linkend="accts-examples-toplevel2"/>所示相似的对è¯æ¡†ï¼Œå…¶ä¸è¦æ–°å»ºçš„科目会被设为相应科目的å科目。</para>
+ <guimenuitem>新建科目…</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>，也å¯ä»¥å³å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称并选择<guilabel>新建科目…</guilabel>èœå•é¡¹åˆ›å»ºç›¸åº”科目的å科目。éšåŽä¼šæ‰“开与<xref
+ linkend="accts-examples-toplevel2"/>所示相似的对è¯æ¡†ï¼Œå…¶ä¸å°†æ–°å»ºçš„科目会自动设为相应科目的å科目。</para>
</tip>
<orderedlist>
@@ -435,10 +429,10 @@ Translators:
<listitem>
<para>科目å称：<guilabel>所得税</guilabel>
- （科目类型：<guilabel>花费</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>费用:税费</emphasis>）</para>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>费用</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>费用:税费</emphasis>）</para>
</listitem>
- <!-- Federal 应该是指美国è”邦政府收的税，这是翻译æˆæ‰€å¾—税å§-->
+ <!-- Note: Federal 应该是指美国è”邦政府收的税，这是翻译æˆæ‰€å¾—税å§-->
<listitem>
<para>科目å称：<guilabel>社ä¿</guilabel>
@@ -473,9 +467,9 @@ Translators:
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>分别使用文件å<filename>gcashdata_3</filename>å’Œ<filename>gcashdata_3emptyAccts</filename>ä¿å˜æ¤ç§‘目表，我们将在åŽé¢çš„ç« èŠ‚ä¸ç»§ç»ä½¿ç”¨è¿™äº›æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+ <para>使用文件å<filename>gcashdata_3</filename>å’Œ<filename>gcashdata_3emptyAccts</filename>ä¿å˜æ¤ç§‘目表，我们将在åŽç»å„ç« ä¸ç»§ç»ä½¿ç”¨è¿™äº›æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
- <para>çŽ°åœ¨ï¼Œä½ å·²ç»åˆ›å»ºäº†ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªå®¶åºè´¢åŠ¡çŠ¶å†µçš„科目表。基于æ¤å¤„的基本框架，我们现在å¯ä»¥å¼€å§‹å‘科目ä¸æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“äº†ï¼Œå…·ä½“ä¼šåœ¨ä¸‹ä¸€ç« è¯¦ç»†ä»‹ç»ã€‚</para>
+ <para>çŽ°åœ¨ï¼Œä½ å·²ç»åˆ›å»ºäº†ä¸€ä»½ç®€å•çš„用于跟踪家åºè´¢åŠ¡çŠ¶å†µçš„科目表。在准备好这一基本框架åŽï¼Œæˆ‘们现在å¯ä»¥å¼€å§‹å‘科目ä¸æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“äº†ã€‚å…·ä½“ä¼šåœ¨ä¸‹ä¸€ç« è¯¦ç»†ä»‹ç»ã€‚</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_basics.xml b/zh/guide/ch_basics.xml
index 1de52825..89ae77a4 100644
--- a/zh/guide/ch_basics.xml
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_basics.xml
@@ -20,17 +20,17 @@ Translators:
<chapter id="chapter_basics">
<title>基础</title>
- <para>æœ¬ç« å°†ä»‹ç»åœ¨ä½¿ç”¨&app;时需è¦äº†è§£çš„一些基本概念。推èä½ åœ¨å®žé™…ä½¿ç”¨&app;å‰é€šè¯»æœ¬ç« 。</para>
+ <para>æœ¬ç« å°†ä»‹ç»ä½¿ç”¨&app;时需è¦äº†è§£çš„基本概念。推èä½ åœ¨ä¸Šæ‰‹ä½¿ç”¨&app;å‰é€šè¯»æœ¬ç« 。</para>
<sect1 id="basics-accounting1">
<title>会计概念</title>
- <para>&app;æ˜“äºŽä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œä½ æ— éœ€å®Œå…¨ç†è§£ä¼šè®¡å‡†åˆ™å°±å¯ä»¥å‘现它å分有用。然而，掌æ¡ä¸€äº›åŸºæœ¬çš„ä¼šè®¡çŸ¥è¯†å¾ˆæœ‰ä»·å€¼ï¼Œå› ä¸º&app;å°±åŸºäºŽè¿™äº›å‡†åˆ™è®¾è®¡çš„ã€‚å¼ºçƒˆå»ºè®®ä½ åœ¨ä¸Šæ‰‹ä½¿ç”¨å‰ç†è§£æŒ‡å—的这一部分。</para>
+ <para>&app;简å•æ˜“ç”¨ï¼Œä½ ä¸å¿…完全ç†è§£ä¼šè®¡å‡†åˆ™å°±å¯ä»¥ä¸Šæ‰‹ä½¿ç”¨ã€‚然而，掌æ¡ä¸€äº›åŸºæœ¬çš„ä¼šè®¡çŸ¥è¯†è¿˜æ˜¯å€¼å¾—çš„ï¼Œå› ä¸º&app;æ£æ˜¯åŸºäºŽè¿™äº›å‡†åˆ™è®¾è®¡çš„ã€‚å¼ºçƒˆå»ºè®®ä½ åœ¨ä¸Šæ‰‹ä½¿ç”¨å‰ç†è§£æŒ‡å—的这一部分。</para>
<sect2 id="basics-accounting52">
- <title>五ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘ç›®</title>
+ <title>五类基本科目</title>
- <para>基本会计规则将财务上的所有事物分为五ç§åŸºæœ¬<quote>科目</quote>类型。也就是说，会计è¦å¤„ç†çš„一切事物都å¯ä»¥å½’类这五ç§ç§‘目之一：</para>
+ <para>基本会计规则将财务上的所有事物分为五类基本<quote>科目</quote>类型。也就是说，会计è¦å¤„ç†çš„一切事物都属于这五类科目之一：</para>
<variablelist>
<title>账户类型</title>
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Translators:
</term>
<listitem>
- <para>ä½ æ‹¥æœ‰çš„ä¸œè¥¿</para>
+ <para>ä½ è‡ªå·±æ‹¥æœ‰çš„ä¸œè¥¿</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ Translators:
</term>
<listitem>
- <para>账户ä¸å¢žåŠ 的价值</para>
+ <para>科目ä¸å¢žåŠ 的价值</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -81,19 +81,19 @@ Translators:
</term>
<listitem>
- <para>账户ä¸å‡å°‘的价值</para>
+ <para>科目ä¸å‡å°‘的价值</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
- <para>很明显，å¯ä»¥å°†ä½ çš„è´¢åŠ¡ä¸–ç•Œåˆ†ä¸ºäº”ç»„ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ é“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·ä¸çš„çŽ°é‡‘æ˜¯èµ„äº§ï¼Œä½ çš„æˆ¿è´·æ˜¯è´Ÿå€ºï¼Œä½ çš„å·¥èµ„æ˜¯æ”¶å…¥ï¼Œæ˜¨å¤©æ™šé¥å¼€é”€æ˜¯è´¹ç”¨ã€‚</para>
+ <para>å¾ˆæ˜Žæ˜¾ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥å°†è´¢åŠ¡ä¸ä¸€åˆ‡äº‹ç‰©åˆ†ä¸ºäº”ç»„ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ é“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·ä¸çš„çŽ°é‡‘æ˜¯èµ„äº§ï¼Œä½ çš„æˆ¿è´·æ˜¯è´Ÿå€ºï¼Œä½ çš„å·¥èµ„æ˜¯æ”¶å…¥ï¼Œæ˜¨å¤©æ™šé¥çš„开销是费用。</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="basics-accountingequation2">
<title>会计ç‰å¼</title>
- <para>现在有了五ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘ç›®ï¼Œä½†ä»–ä»¬ä¹‹é—´çš„å…³ç³»æ˜¯æ€Žæ ·çš„å‘¢ï¼Ÿå…¶ä¸ä¸€ç§ç§‘ç›®æ€Žæ ·å½±å“其它科目？
- 首先，å¯ç”±èµ„产和负债定义ç‰å¼ï¼Œä¹Ÿå³ï¼Œä½ 的净值ç‰äºŽä½ 的资产å‡åŽ»è´Ÿå€ºã€‚</para>
+ <para>现在有了五类基本科目，但它们之间的关系是什么？其ä¸ä¸€ç±»ç§‘ç›®æ€Žæ ·å½±å“其它科目？
+ 首先，定义一个包å«èµ„产和负债的ç‰å¼ï¼šä½ 的净值ç‰äºŽä½ 的资产å‡åŽ»è´Ÿå€ºã€‚</para>
<equation id="accounting_equation_static">
<title>é™æ€ä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼</title>
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Translators:
<mathphrase>资产 - 负债 = 所有者æƒç›Š</mathphrase>
</equation>
- <para>å¦å¤–，å¯ä»¥ç”±æ”¶å…¥å¢žåŠ 净值或由费用å‡å°‘净值。这当然是有é“ç†çš„ï¼Œå½“ä½ å¾—åˆ°å·¥èµ„ä½ å°±å˜å¾—<quote>更富有</quote>ï¼Œå½“ä½ ä¸ºæ™šé¥ä»˜é’±ä½ å°±å˜å¾—<quote>æ›´è´«ç©·</quote>。这就以数å¦çš„æ–¹å¼è¡¨è¾¾äº†ä¸€ä¸ªäººä»¬ç§°ä¸ºä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼çš„东西：</para>
+ <para>å¦å¤–，收入å¯ä»¥å¢žåŠ 净值，费用å¯ä»¥å‡å°‘净值。这当然有é“ç†ï¼Œå½“ä½ å¾—åˆ°å·¥èµ„ä½ å°±å˜å¾—<quote>更富有</quote>ï¼Œå½“ä½ ä¸ºæ™šé¥ä»˜é’±ä½ å°±å˜å¾—<quote>æ›´è´«ç©·</quote>。这就以数å¦çš„æ–¹å¼è¡¨è¾¾äº†ä¸€ä¸ªè¢«äººä»¬ç§°ä¸ºä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼çš„关系：</para>
<equation id="accounting_equation_dynamic">
<title>动æ€ä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼</title>
@@ -109,8 +109,7 @@ Translators:
<mathphrase>资产 - 负债 = 所有者æƒç›Š + (收入 - 费用)</mathphrase>
</equation>
- <para>æ¤ç‰å¼åº”当永远æˆç«‹ï¼Œè€Œåªæœ‰åŒæ—¶å˜åŠ¨å¤šä¸ªç§‘目的金é¢æ—¶æ‰èƒ½è¾¾åˆ°è¦æ±‚。 例如，如果以收入的形å¼å¾—åˆ°äº†ä¸€ç¬”é’±ï¼Œä½ å¿…é¡»ç‰é¢åœ°å¢žåŠ 资产科目的金é¢ã€‚
- åˆå¦‚，如果负债科目的金é¢å¢žåŠ ，应当使资产科目的金é¢å¢žåŠ 。</para>
+ <para>æ¤ç‰å¼åº”当永远æˆç«‹ï¼Œè¿™æ„味ç€åªæœ‰åŒæ—¶å˜åŠ¨å¤šä¸ªç§‘目的金é¢æ—¶æ‰èƒ½æ»¡è¶³è¦æ±‚。例如，如果以收入的形å¼å¾—到了一笔钱，则必须ç‰é¢åœ°å¢žåŠ 资产科目的金é¢ã€‚åˆå¦‚，如果负债科目的金é¢å¢žåŠ ，则应当åŒæ—¶å¢žåŠ 资产科目的金é¢ã€‚</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
<title>基本科目关系</title>
@@ -129,7 +128,7 @@ Translators:
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>五ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘目关系图。净值（所有者æƒç›Šï¼‰ç”±æ”¶å…¥çš„å¢žåŠ å’Œè´¹ç”¨çš„å‡å°‘è€Œå¢žåŠ ã€‚ç®å¤´ä»£è¡¨äº†é‡‘é¢çš„转移。</para>
+ <para>五类基本科目关系图。净值（所有者æƒç›Šï¼‰éšæ”¶å…¥å¢žåŠ 和费用å‡å°‘è€Œå¢žåŠ ã€‚ç®å¤´ä»£è¡¨äº†é‡‘é¢çš„转移。</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
@@ -137,24 +136,26 @@ Translators:
</sect2>
<sect2 id="basics-debits-credits">
- <title>借货记账法</title>
+ <title>借贷记账法</title>
- <para>åˆæ¬¡æŽ¥è§¦ä¼šè®¡å·¥ä½œçš„人常常ä¸æ˜Žç™½ä¼šè®¡ä¸â€œå€Ÿâ€ä¸Žâ€œè´·â€çš„用法，åŠå…¶å¯¹ä¸åŒç§‘目的作用。上文介ç»çš„会计ç‰å¼æ˜¯ç†è§£å“ªç§ç§‘目在何时是借或贷的关键。首先，展开并é‡æ–°æŽ’列会计ç‰å¼ï¼Œä½¿èµ„产ä½äºŽç‰å·çš„左边，并将任何带有负å·çš„科目移到å¦ä¸€ä¾§ï¼Œè¿™æ ·å¯ä»¥å¾—到：</para>
+ <para>åˆæ¬¡æŽ¥è§¦ä¼šè®¡å·¥ä½œçš„人常常ä¸æ˜Žç™½ä¼šè®¡ä¸â€œå€Ÿâ€ä¸Žâ€œè´·â€çš„用法，åŠå…¶å¯¹å„类科目的作用。上文介ç»çš„会计ç‰å¼æ˜¯ç†è§£å“ªç±»ç§‘目在什么情况下记借或记贷的关键。首先，展开并é‡æ–°æŽ’列会计ç‰å¼ï¼Œä½¿èµ„产ä½äºŽç‰å·çš„左边，并将任何带有负å·çš„科目移到å¦ä¸€ä¾§ï¼Œè¿™æ ·å¯ä»¥å¾—到：</para>
<equation id="accounting_equation_rearranged">
- <title>é‡æ–°æŽ’列的会计ç‰å¼</title>
+ <title>é‡æ–°æŽ’列åŽçš„会计ç‰å¼</title>
<mathphrase>资产 + 费用 = 负债 + 所有者æƒç›Š + 收入</mathphrase>
</equation>
- <para>æ¤å½¢å¼çš„会计ç‰å¼ä¸ï¼Œç‰å·å·¦è¾¹çš„科目称为<emphasis>借方科目</emphasis>记为<emphasis>借</emphasis>的分录å¯ä»¥å¢žåŠ 这些科目的余é¢ã€‚相å，记为贷的分录会å‡å°‘这些科目的余é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>æ¤å½¢å¼çš„会计ç‰å¼ä¸ï¼Œç‰å·å·¦è¾¹çš„科目称为<emphasis>借方科目</emphasis>，记<emphasis>借</emphasis>çš„åˆ†å½•ä¼šå¢žåŠ è¿™äº›ç§‘ç›®çš„ä½™é¢ã€‚相å，记贷的分录会å‡å°‘这些科目的余é¢ã€‚</para>
- <para>类似地，在ç‰å·å³è¾¹çš„科目也被称为<emphasis>贷方科目</emphasis>，å³è¿™äº›ç§‘目的余é¢ç”±è®°ä¸º<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>çš„åˆ†å½•å¢žåŠ ã€‚åŒæ ·åœ°ï¼Œè¿™äº›ç§‘ç›®ä¸è®°ä¸ºå€Ÿçš„分录会å‡å°‘科目的余é¢ã€‚</para>
-
- <para>译注：<emphasis>借</emphasis>与<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>是固定的会计术è¯ï¼Œä¼šè®¡å·¥ä½œä¸è¿™ä¸¤ä¸ªå—的用法和日常生活ä¸çš„用法并ä¸ä¸€è‡´ã€‚</para>
+ <para>类似地，在ç‰å·å³è¾¹çš„科目也被称为<emphasis>贷方科目</emphasis>，å³è¿™äº›ç§‘目的余é¢ç”±è®°<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>çš„åˆ†å½•å¢žåŠ ã€‚åŒæ ·åœ°ï¼Œè¿™äº›ç§‘ç›®ä¸è®°å€Ÿçš„分录会å‡å°‘科目的余é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <warning><!-- @在英文ä¸æ·»åŠ 这一段 -->
+ <para><emphasis>借</emphasis>与<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>是专用的会计术è¯ï¼Œä¼šè®¡å·¥ä½œä¸è¿™ä¸¤ä¸ªå—çš„å«ä¹‰ä¸Žæ—¥å¸¸ç”Ÿæ´»ä¸çš„用法å¯èƒ½å¹¶ä¸ä¸€è‡´ã€‚</para>
+ </warning>
<table frame="all" id="basics-debits-credits-effect-tbl">
- <title>借和贷对五ç§ç§‘目类型余é¢çš„å½±å“</title>
+ <title>借与贷对五类科目类型余é¢çš„å½±å“</title>
<tgroup align="left" cols="3" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
<colspec colname="c1"/>
@@ -217,13 +218,13 @@ Translators:
<para>会计ç‰å¼æ˜¯<firstterm>å¤å¼è®°è´¦ä¼šè®¡åˆ¶åº¦</firstterm>çš„æ ¸å¿ƒã€‚å½“ä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼ä¸ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目的余é¢å˜åŠ¨æ—¶ï¼Œå¿…须对ç‰åœ°å˜åŠ¨å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目。这一概念也被称为<firstterm>平衡原则</firstterm>，它是ç†è§£&app;和其它å¤å¼è®°è´¦ä¼šè®¡åˆ¶åº¦çš„基础。当使用&app;时，为了ä¿æŒä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼çš„平衡，总è¦åŒæ—¶å…³æ³¨è‡³å°‘两个科目。</para>
- <para>账户间的平衡å˜åŠ¨ï¼ˆæˆ–资金转移）是通过借记一个账户åŒæ—¶è´·è®°å¦ä¸€ä¸ªè´¦æˆ·æ¥å®Œæˆçš„。会计上的<firstterm>借</firstterm>与<firstterm>è´·</firstterm>，并ä¸æ„味ç€<quote>å‡å°‘</quote>与<quote>å¢žåŠ </quote>。æ£å¦‚å‰ä¸€éƒ¨åˆ†æ‰€è¿°ï¼Œå€Ÿä¸Žè´·éƒ½ä¼šåœ¨å¢žåŠ æŸäº›ç§‘目余é¢çš„åŒæ—¶å‡å°‘其它科目余é¢ã€‚在资产和费用科目ä¸ï¼Œå€Ÿä¼šå¢žåŠ ä½™é¢ï¼Œè´·ä¼šå‡å°‘ä½™é¢ã€‚在负债ã€æ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šå’Œæ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ä¸ï¼Œè´·ä¼šå¢žåŠ ä½™é¢ï¼Œå€Ÿä¼šå‡å°‘ä½™é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>账户间的平衡å˜åŠ¨ï¼ˆæˆ–资金转移）是通过借记一个账户åŒæ—¶è´·è®°å¦ä¸€ä¸ªè´¦æˆ·æ¥å®Œæˆçš„。会计上的<firstterm>借</firstterm>与<firstterm>è´·</firstterm>，并ä¸æ„味ç€<quote>å‡å°‘</quote>与<quote>å¢žåŠ </quote>。æ£å¦‚å‰ä¸€éƒ¨åˆ†æ‰€è¿°ï¼Œå€Ÿä¸Žè´·éƒ½ä¼šåœ¨å¢žåŠ æŸäº›ç§‘目的余é¢çš„åŒæ—¶ï¼Œå‡å°‘其它科目的余é¢ã€‚在资产和费用科目ä¸ï¼Œå€Ÿä¼šå¢žåŠ ä½™é¢ï¼Œè´·ä¼šå‡å°‘ä½™é¢ã€‚在负债ã€æ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šå’Œæ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ä¸ï¼Œè´·ä¼šå¢žåŠ ä½™é¢ï¼Œå€Ÿä¼šå‡å°‘ä½™é¢ã€‚</para>
- <para>åœ¨ä¼ ç»Ÿçš„å¤å¼è®°è´¦ä¸ï¼Œè´¦ç°¿å·¦è¾¹çš„一列记借，å³è¾¹çš„ä¸€åˆ—è®°è´·ã€‚ä¼šè®¡å¸ˆä¼šåœ¨è®°å€Ÿçš„ä¸€ä¾§ï¼ˆå·¦ä¾§ï¼‰è®°å½•èµ„äº§å’Œè´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®çš„å¢žåŠ ï¼Œåœ¨è®°è´·çš„ä¸€ä¾§ï¼ˆå³ä¾§ï¼‰è®°å½•è´Ÿå€ºã€æ”¶å…¥å’Œæ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šçš„å¢žåŠ ã€‚&app;éµå¾ªè¿™ä¸€è´¦ç°¿è®°è´¦æ—¶çš„惯例。</para>
+ <para>åœ¨ä¼ ç»Ÿçš„å¤å¼è®°è´¦ä¸ï¼Œè´¦ç°¿å·¦è¾¹çš„一列记借，å³è¾¹çš„ä¸€åˆ—è®°è´·ã€‚ä¼šè®¡å¸ˆä¼šåœ¨è®°å€Ÿçš„ä¸€ä¾§ï¼ˆå·¦ä¾§ï¼‰è®°å½•èµ„äº§å’Œè´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®çš„å¢žåŠ ï¼Œåœ¨è®°è´·çš„ä¸€ä¾§ï¼ˆå³ä¾§ï¼‰è®°å½•è´Ÿå€ºã€æ”¶å…¥å’Œæ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šçš„å¢žåŠ ã€‚&app;éµå¾ªè¿™ä¸€ä½¿ç”¨è´¦ç°¿è®°è´¦æ—¶çš„惯例。</para>
<note>
- <para>这些会计术è¯å¯èƒ½ä»¤æ–°ç”¨æˆ·æ„Ÿåˆ°å›°æƒ‘ï¼Œå› æ¤&app;默认使用更常è§çš„术è¯<guilabel>å˜å…¥</guilabel>
- å’Œ<guilabel>å–出</guilabel>ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ å¸Œæœ›ä½¿ç”¨æ£è§„的会计术è¯ï¼Œå¯ä»¥åœ¨<guilabel>首选项</guilabel>（更多有关设置首选项的信æ¯è¯·æŸ¥çœ‹&app;帮助手册）ä¸çš„<guilabel>科目</guilabel>选项å¡è¿›è¡Œè®¾ç½®ã€‚</para>
+ <para>这些会计术è¯å¯èƒ½ä¼šä»¤æ–°ç”¨æˆ·æ„Ÿåˆ°å›°æƒ‘ï¼Œå› æ¤&app;默认使用更常è§çš„术è¯<guilabel>å˜å…¥</guilabel>
+ å’Œ<guilabel>å–出</guilabel>ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ å¸Œæœ›ä½¿ç”¨æ£è§„的会计术è¯ï¼Œå¯ä»¥åœ¨<guilabel>首选项</guilabel>（更多有关设置首选项的信æ¯è¯·æŸ¥é˜…&app;帮助手册）ä¸çš„<guilabel>科目</guilabel>选项å¡è¿›è¡Œè®¾ç½®ã€‚</para>
</note>
<warning>
@@ -238,7 +239,7 @@ Translators:
<sect1 id="basics-entry1">
<title>æ•°æ®å½•å…¥æ¦‚念</title>
- <para>当在&app;ä¸å½•å…¥æ•°æ®æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 应当了解&app;用于分隔数æ®çš„三级组织形å¼ï¼šæ–‡ä»¶ã€ç§‘ç›®å’Œäº¤æ˜“ã€‚è¿™å‡ ä¸ªå±‚çº§æŒ‰å…¶å¤æ‚性次åºåˆ—出，一个文件包å«è®¸å¤šç§‘目，一个科目包å«è®¸å¤šäº¤æ˜“。认识这ç§åˆ†éš”方法是ç†è§£æ€Žæ ·ä½¿ç”¨&app;的基础。</para>
+ <para>在&app;ä¸å½•å…¥æ•°æ®æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 应当了解&app;用于分隔数æ®çš„三级组织结构：文件ã€ç§‘ç›®å’Œäº¤æ˜“ã€‚è¿™å‡ ä¸ªå±‚çº§æŒ‰å…¶å¤æ‚性排åºåˆ—出，一个文件包å«è®¸å¤šç§‘目，一个科目包å«è®¸å¤šäº¤æ˜“。认识这ç§åˆ†éš”方法是ç†è§£æ€Žæ ·ä½¿ç”¨&app;的基础。</para>
<sect2 id="basics-files2">
<title>文件</title>
@@ -246,18 +247,13 @@ Translators:
<para>&app;以文件形å¼å˜å‚¨æœ€é«˜å±‚级的信æ¯ã€‚一个文件å¯ä»¥ä»¥å•ä¸ª<acronym>XML</acronym>文件（在所有版本的
&app;上）或<acronym>SQL</acronym>æ•°æ®åº“（2.4或更高版本的&app;上）的形å¼å˜å‚¨åœ¨ä½ 的计算机上。</para>
- <!--
<note>
- <para><acronym>SQL</acronym> is pronounced <quote>sequel</quote>, so
- in spoken and written language we would say <quote>a SQL
- database</quote>.</para>
+ <para><acronym>SQL</acronym>å‘音为<quote>sequel</quote>，所常写作和念作<quote>SQLæ•°æ®åº“</quote>。</para>
</note>
- -->
<para>使用<acronym>XML</acronym>æ–‡ä»¶æ ¼å¼æ—¶ï¼Œ&app;会在å•ä¸ª<acronym>XML</acronym>文件ä¸å˜å‚¨ä½ çš„æ•°æ®ï¼Œæ–‡ä»¶é€šå¸¸ä½¿ç”¨åŽ‹ç¼©æ ¼å¼ï¼ˆæ¤è¡Œä¸ºå¯ä»¥åœ¨&app;<guilabel>首选项</guilabel>下的<guilabel>通用</guilabel>选项å¡ä¸è¿›è¡Œä¿®æ”¹ï¼‰ã€‚</para>
- <para>使用<acronym>SQL</acronym>å˜å‚¨æ—¶ï¼Œ&app;ä¼šåœ¨ä½ é€‰æ‹©çš„æ•°æ®åº“软件（SQLite3〠MySQL 或
- PostgreSQL）ä¸æŠŠä½ çš„æ•°æ®å˜å‚¨è‡³ <acronym>SQL</acronym>æ•°æ®åº“里。</para>
+ <para>使用<acronym>SQL</acronym>å˜å‚¨æ—¶ï¼Œ&app;ä¼šåœ¨ä½ é€‰æ‹©çš„æ•°æ®åº“软件（SQLite3ã€MySQL或PostgreSQL）ä¸æŠŠæ•°æ®å˜å‚¨è‡³ <acronym>SQL</acronym>æ•°æ®åº“ä¸ã€‚</para>
<para>ä½ éœ€è¦ä¸ºä½ æ£åœ¨å¤„ç†çš„一组科目准备主文件或数æ®åº“。è¦äº†è§£æ€Žæ ·åˆ›å»ºå’Œç®¡ç†&app;文件，å¯å‚è§ <xref
linkend="basics-files1"/>。</para>
@@ -276,11 +272,11 @@ Translators:
<title>科目</title>
<para><glossterm
- linkend="gnc-gl_account">科目</glossterm>è·Ÿè¸ªä½ æ‹¥æœ‰çš„ã€æ¬ 别人的ã€ä½ èŠ±è´¹çš„çš„æˆ–ä½ å¾—åˆ°çš„ä¸œè¥¿ã€‚æ¯ä¸ª&app;文件å¯åŒ…å«ä»»æ„æ•°é‡çš„科目，æ¯ä¸ªç§‘ç›®åˆå¯åŒ…å«è®¸å¤šå科目，层数ä¸é™ã€‚æ£å¦‚ä½ å°†åœ¨æŽ¥ä¸‹æ¥çš„ç« èŠ‚çœ‹åˆ°çš„é‚£æ ·ï¼Œè¿™ä¸ªç®€å•çš„特性使&app;擅长管ç†ä½ 的财务。</para>
+ linkend="gnc-gl_account">科目</glossterm>è·Ÿè¸ªä½ æ‹¥æœ‰çš„ã€æ¬ 别人的ã€ä½ èŠ±è´¹çš„æˆ–ä½ å¾—åˆ°çš„ä¸œè¥¿ã€‚æ¯ä¸ª&app;文件å¯åŒ…å«ä»»æ„æ•°é‡çš„科目，æ¯ä¸ªç§‘ç›®åˆå¯åŒ…å«è®¸å¤šå科目，层数ä¸é™ã€‚æ£å¦‚下文所述，这个简å•çš„特性使&app;能够管ç†ä½ 的财务的方方é¢é¢ã€‚</para>
- <para>例如，科目å¯ä»¥åŒ…括：活期账户ã€å‚¨è“„账户ã€ä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´¦æˆ·ã€æˆ¿è´·å’Œå…¶å®ƒè´·æ¬¾ã€‚æ¯ä¸ª&app;科目跟踪对应的<quote>真实</quote>è´¦æˆ·çš„æ´»åŠ¨ï¼Œä»¥ä½¿ä½ äº†è§£å…¶çŠ¶æ€ã€‚</para>
+ <para>例如，科目å¯ä»¥åŒ…括：活期账户ã€å‚¨è“„账户ã€ä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´¦æˆ·ã€æˆ¿å±‹è´·æ¬¾å’Œå…¶å®ƒè´·æ¬¾ã€‚æ¯ä¸ª&app;科目跟踪对应的<quote>真实</quote>è´¦æˆ·çš„æ´»åŠ¨ï¼Œä¾¿äºŽä½ äº†è§£å…¶çŠ¶æ€ã€‚</para>
- <para>æ¤å¤–，科目也å¯ä»¥æŠŠä½ å¾—åˆ°æˆ–èŠ±è´¹çš„é’±åˆ†ç±»ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥åˆ›å»ºè´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®æ¥è®°å½•ä½ 为食å“å’Œæ‚货付的钱。这些科目å³ä½¿å¹¶ä¸å¯¹åº”于会收到结算å•çš„实际账户，也å¯ä»¥è®©ä½ 得知在å„个方é¢èŠ±äº†å¤šå°‘钱。</para>
+ <para>æ¤å¤–，科目也å¯ä»¥æŠŠä½ æ”¶åˆ°æˆ–èŠ±å‡ºçš„é’±åˆ†ç±»ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥åˆ›å»ºè´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®æ¥è®°å½•ä½ 为公共æœåŠ¡å’Œé£Ÿå“æ‚货付的钱。就算这些科目并ä¸å¯¹åº”于会收到账å•çš„实际账户，也å¯ä»¥ä½¿ä½ 了解在å„个方é¢èŠ±äº†å¤šå°‘钱。</para>
<para>本指å—会在<xref linkend="chapter_accts"/>ä¸æ›´è¯¦ç»†åœ°ä»‹ç»ç§‘目。</para>
</sect2>
@@ -290,15 +286,15 @@ Translators:
<sect2 id="basics-transactions2">
<title>交易</title>
- <para><firstterm>交易</firstterm>代表金é¢åœ¨ç§‘ç›®é—´çš„ç§»åŠ¨ã€‚ä»»ä½•åœ¨ä½ èŠ±å‡ºæˆ–æ”¶åˆ°é’±ï¼Œæˆ–åœ¨è´¦æˆ·é—´è½¬è´¦çš„æ—¶å€™ï¼Œå°±ä¼šäº§ç”Ÿäº¤æ˜“ã€‚</para>
+ <para><firstterm>交易</firstterm>代表金é¢åœ¨ç§‘ç›®é—´çš„è½¬ç§»ã€‚ä»»ä½•åœ¨ä½ èŠ±å‡ºæˆ–æ”¶åˆ°é’±ï¼Œæˆ–åœ¨è´¦æˆ·é—´è½¬è´¦çš„æ—¶å€™ï¼Œéƒ½ä¼šäº§ç”Ÿäº¤æ˜“ã€‚</para>
- <para>例如，交易å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ï¼šæ”¯ä»˜è¯è´¹ã€æŠŠé’±ä»Žå‚¨è“„账户转账到支付账户ã€ä¹°çƒ§é¥¼ã€å–出现金和å˜å…¥å·¥èµ„。<xref
- linkend="chapter_txns"/> 会更深入地介ç»æ€Žæ ·å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“。</para>
+ <para>例如，交易å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ï¼šæ”¯ä»˜æ‰‹æœºè¯è´¹ã€æŠŠé’±ä»Žå‚¨è“„账户转到活期账户ã€ä¹°çƒ§é¥¼ã€å–出现金和å˜å…¥å·¥èµ„。<xref
+ linkend="chapter_txns"/>会更深入地介ç»æ€Žæ ·å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“。</para>
- <para>在<link linkend="basics-accountingdouble2">å¤å¼è®°è´¦</link>ä¸ï¼Œäº¤æ˜“总是至少涉åŠä¸¤ä¸ªç§‘目——一个付款科目，一个收款科目。为了实现该机制，对æ¯ä¸ªå—å½±å“的科目，&app;会å‘交易ä¸æ’入一行，并在æ¯ä¸€è¡Œä¸è®°å½•æ¶‰åŠçš„金é¢ã€‚交易ä¸è®°å½•æ¶‰åŠçš„科目与金é¢çš„行称为分录。æ¯ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“å¯ä»¥åŒ…å«ä»»æ„æ•°é‡çš„分录。</para>
+ <para>在<link linkend="basics-accountingdouble2">å¤å¼è®°è´¦</link>ä¸ï¼Œäº¤æ˜“总是至少涉åŠä¸¤ä¸ªç§‘ç›®â€”â€”ä¸€ä¸ªä»˜æ¬¾ç§‘ç›®ï¼Œä¸€ä¸ªæ”¶æ¬¾ç§‘ç›®ã€‚æ ¹æ®è¿™ä¸€è§„则，&app;会在交易ä¸å¯¹æ¯ä¸ªå—å½±å“的科目å„æ’入一行，并在æ¯ä¸€è¡Œä¸è®°å½•æ¶‰åŠçš„金é¢ã€‚交易ä¸è®°å½•æ¶‰åŠçš„科目与金é¢çš„行称为分录。æ¯ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“å¯ä»¥åŒ…å«ä»»æ„æ•°é‡çš„分录。</para>
<note>
- <para>交易分录会在<xref linkend="txns-registers-multiaccount2"/>进行介ç»ã€‚</para>
+ <para>交易分录会在<xref linkend="txns-registers-multiaccount2"/>详细介ç»ã€‚</para>
</note>
</sect2>
@@ -312,43 +308,41 @@ Translators:
<para>å¯ä»¥é€‰æ‹©æ¡Œé¢ä¸»èœå•ä¸çš„相应èœå•é¡¹è¿è¡Œ&app;。</para>
- <para>也å¯ä»¥åœ¨å‘½ä»¤è¡Œä¸æ‰§è¡Œ <command>gnucash</command> æ¥è¿è¡Œã€‚</para>
+ <para>也å¯ä»¥åœ¨å‘½ä»¤è¡Œä¸æ‰§è¡Œ<command>gnucash</command>æ¥è¿è¡Œã€‚</para>
- <para>在å¯åŠ¨è¿‡ç¨‹ä¸ï¼Œ&app;会显示欢迎å±å¹•ï¼Œæ˜¾ç¤ºä¸€äº›æœ‰å…³ç¨‹åºï¼ˆç‰ˆæœ¬å·ã€æž„建å·ç‰ï¼‰å’ŒåŠ 载过程的信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+ <para>在å¯åŠ¨è¿‡ç¨‹ä¸ï¼Œ&app;会显示欢迎å±å¹•ï¼Œåˆ—出一些有关程åºï¼ˆç‰ˆæœ¬å·ã€æž„建å·ç‰ï¼‰å’ŒåŠ 载过程的信æ¯ã€‚</para>
<sect2 id="basics-welcome-to-gnucash">
- <title><guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;ï¼</guilabel>对è¯æ¡†</title>
+ <title><guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;</guilabel>对è¯æ¡†</title>
- <para>最åˆæ‰“å¼€&app;ä½ ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°<guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;ï¼</guilabel>对è¯æ¡†ï¼Œå…¶ä¸åŒ…å«ä¸‰ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹ï¼š</para>
+ <para>最åˆæ‰“å¼€&app;ä½ ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°<guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;</guilabel>对è¯æ¡†ï¼Œå…¶ä¸åŒ…å«ä¸‰ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹ï¼š</para>
- <!-- Recommend screen shot here of Welcome to GnuCash! dialog -->
+ <!-- ToDoZ: Recommend screen shot here of Welcome to GnuCash! dialog -->
<itemizedlist id="welcome-screen-options">
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>创建一组新的科目</guilabel> —— è¿è¡Œ<guilabel>新建层次科目</guilabel>å‘导（å‚考<xref linkend="basics-acct-hierarchy"/>ï¼‰ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æƒ³åœ¨&app;的帮助下创建一组新科目，请选择æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+ <para><guilabel>创建一组新的科目</guilabel> —— è¿è¡Œ<guilabel>新建层次科目<!--ToDoZ--></guilabel>å‘导（å‚考<xref linkend="basics-acct-hierarchy"/>ï¼‰ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æƒ³åœ¨&app;的帮助下创建一组新科目，请选择æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>导入我的QIF文件</guilabel> —— è¿è¡Œ<guilabel>导入QIF文件</guilabel>å‘导（å‚考<xref linkend="importing-qif"/>ï¼‰ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ å·²ç»æ‹¥æœ‰Quicken文件（<filename>.qif</filename>文件）并希望将其导入&app;，请选择æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+ <para><guilabel>导入我的QIF文件</guilabel> —— è¿è¡Œ<guilabel>导入QIF文件</guilabel>å‘导（å‚考<xref linkend="importing-qif"/>ï¼‰ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ å·²ç»æ‹¥æœ‰Quicken文件（<filename>.qif</filename>文件）并想è¦å°†å…¶å¯¼å…¥&app;，请选择æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>打开新用户教程</guilabel> - 打开&app;教程与概念指å—ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ åˆšå¼€å§‹æŽ¥è§¦&app;和会计概念，请选择æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+ <para><guilabel>打开新用户教程</guilabel> —— 打开&app;教程与概念指å—ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ åˆšå¼€å§‹æŽ¥è§¦&app;和会计概念，请选择æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<note>
- <para>在离开æ¤ç•Œé¢åŽï¼Œä½ ä»ç„¶å¯ä»¥è®¿é—®å…¶ä¸çš„æ¯ä¸€é¡¹ï¼Œä½†<guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;</guilabel>ç•Œé¢
- ä¸ä¼šå†æ¬¡æ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚è¦åˆ›å»ºä¸€ç»„新的科目，å‚è§<xref linkend="basics-acct-hierarchy"/>。è¦å¯¼å…¥QIF文件，å‚è§<xref linkend="importing-qif"/>。</para>
+ <para>在离开æ¤å¯¹è¯æ¡†åŽï¼Œä½ ä»ç„¶å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨å…¶ä¸çš„æ¯ä¸€é¡¹åŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œä½†<guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;</guilabel>ä¸ä¼šå†æ¬¡æ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚è¦åˆ›å»ºä¸€ç»„新的科目，å‚è§<xref linkend="basics-acct-hierarchy"/>。è¦å¯¼å…¥QIF文件，å‚è§<xref linkend="importing-qif"/>。</para>
</note>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="basics-acct-hierarchy">
<title>新建层级科目</title>
- <para><emphasis>新建层级科目</emphasis>å‘å¯¼èƒ½å¤Ÿå¸®åŠ©ä½ åˆ›å»ºä¸€ç»„æ–°çš„&app;科目。如果在
- <guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;ï¼</guilabel>ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guibutton>创建一组新的科目</guibutton>，
- 或选择<menuchoice>
+ <para><emphasis>新建层级科目</emphasis>å‘å¯¼èƒ½å¤Ÿå¸®åŠ©ä½ åˆ›å»ºä¸€ç»„æ–°çš„&app;科目。如果在<guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;</guilabel>ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guibutton>创建一组新的科目</guibutton>，或选择
+ <menuchoice>
<shortcut>
<keycombo>
<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
@@ -356,7 +350,7 @@ Translators:
<keycap>N</keycap>
</keycombo>
</shortcut>
-
+ <!-- ToDoZ:这个排版怎么æžçš„ -->
<guimenu>文件(<accel>F</accel>)</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>新建(<accel>N</accel>)</guimenuitem>
@@ -366,7 +360,7 @@ Translators:
<guimenuitem>新建层级科目…</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>æ¥ä½¿ç”¨è¯¥å‘导å‘çŽ°æœ‰è´¦ç°¿æ·»åŠ éƒ¨åˆ†ç§‘ç›®ã€‚</para>
- <para>该å‘å¯¼ä¼šæŒ‡å¼•ä½ åˆ›å»º<emphasis>科目汇总表</emphasis>。æ¤å‘导包å«å‡ 个æ¥éª¤ï¼Œç®€è¦ä»‹ç»å¦‚下：</para>
+ <para>该å‘å¯¼ä¼šæŒ‡å¼•ä½ åˆ›å»º<emphasis>会计科目表</emphasis>。æ¤å‘导包å«å‡ 个æ¥éª¤ï¼Œç®€è¦ä»‹ç»å¦‚下：</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
@@ -374,7 +368,7 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>新建账簿选项</guilabel>åªåœ¨åˆ›å»ºæ–°è´¦ç°¿æ—¶å‡ºçŽ°ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥åœ¨æ¤è®¾ç½®è®¸å¤šè´¦ç°¿å±žæ€§ã€‚æ¤é¡µé¢åŒ…å«å››ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹å¡ï¼šç§‘ç›®ã€é¢„ç®—ã€å•†ä¸šå’Œè®¡æ•°å™¨ã€‚ è¿™å‡ é¡¹å†…å®¹åœ¨æœ¬æŒ‡å—的其它部分会展开介ç»ï¼Œå¯ä»¥éšæ—¶ç»
+ <para><guilabel>新建账簿选项</guilabel>åªåœ¨åˆ›å»ºæ–°è´¦ç°¿æ—¶å‡ºçŽ°ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥åœ¨æ¤è®¾ç½®è®¸å¤šè´¦ç°¿å±žæ€§ã€‚æ¤é¡µé¢åŒ…å«å››ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹å¡ï¼šç§‘ç›®ã€é¢„ç®—ã€å•†ä¸šå’Œè®¡æ•°å™¨ã€‚ è¿™å‡ é¡¹å†…å®¹åœ¨æœ¬æŒ‡å—的其它部分会展开介ç»ï¼Œå¯ä»¥éšæ—¶ä½¿ç”¨
<menuchoice>
<shortcut>
<keycombo>
@@ -388,38 +382,38 @@ Translators:
</menuchoice> 修改。</para>
</listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para><guilabel>选择å¸ç§</guilabel>è®¾ç½®æ ¹ç§‘ç›®å’Œæ–°å»ºç§‘ç›®çš„é»˜è®¤å¸ç§ã€‚è¯¥é€‰é¡¹çš„é»˜è®¤å€¼æ ¹æ®è®¡ç®—æœºçš„åŒºåŸŸè®¾ç½®ç¡®å®šã€‚è¯·è®¤çœŸé€‰æ‹©ï¼Œå› ä¸ºå®ƒä¸ä»…会设置新建科目的默认å¸ç§ï¼Œä¹Ÿä¼šæˆä¸ºæ‰€æœ‰è‚¡ç¥¨ä»·æ ¼å’Œå¤–å¸æ±‡çŽ‡çš„默认å¸ç§ã€‚尽管å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡<guimenu>功能</guimenu>èœå•é‡æ–°è¿è¡Œ<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导进行更改，但如æ¤æ“作åŽä½ å·²ç»åˆ›å»ºçš„交易å¯èƒ½ä¼šæŸå。</para>
+ <listitem><!-- ToDoZ: å¸ç§è¿˜æ˜¯è´§å¸ 功能èœå•ï¼Ÿ -->
+ <para><guilabel>选择货å¸</guilabel>è®¾ç½®æ ¹ç§‘ç›®å’Œæ–°å»ºç§‘ç›®çš„é»˜è®¤è´§å¸ã€‚æ¤é€‰é¡¹çš„é»˜è®¤å€¼æ ¹æ®è®¡ç®—机的区域设置确定。请认真设置æ¤é€‰é¡¹ï¼Œå› 为它ä¸ä»…会æˆä¸ºæ–°å»ºç§‘目的默认货å¸ï¼Œä¹Ÿä¼šæˆä¸ºæ•´ä¸ªè´¦ç°¿çš„主货å¸ï¼Œè¿˜ä¼šæ˜¯æ‰€æœ‰è‚¡ç¥¨ä»·æ ¼å’Œå¤–å¸æ±‡çŽ‡çš„默认货å¸ã€‚尽管å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡<guimenu>功能</guimenu>èœå•é‡æ–°è¿è¡Œ<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘å¯¼è¿›è¡Œæ›´æ”¹ï¼Œä½†è¿™æ ·æ“作åŽä½ å·²ç»åˆ›å»ºçš„交易å¯èƒ½ä¼šæŸå。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>选择è¦åˆ›å»ºçš„科目</guilabel>æ供了多ç§å¯æ·»åŠ 到账簿的会计模æ¿ã€‚æ¤å¤„主è¦æœ‰ä¸¤ä¸ªé¢æ¿ï¼šå·¦ä¾§æ˜¯æ¨¡æ¿åˆ—表，æ¯ä¸€é¡¹æ—边有一个å¤é€‰æ¡†ï¼›å³ä¾§æ˜¯å°†ç”±é€‰ä¸çš„模æ¿æ·»åŠ 到账簿的科目。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>选择è¦åˆ›å»ºçš„科目</guilabel>æ供了多ç§å¯æ·»åŠ 到账簿的会计模æ¿ã€‚æ¤å¤„主è¦æœ‰ä¸¤ä¸ªé¢æ¿ï¼šå·¦ä¾§æ˜¯æ¨¡æ¿åˆ—表，æ¯ä¸€é¡¹æ—边有一个å¤é€‰æ¡†ï¼›å³ä¾§æ˜¾ç¤ºå°†è¦ç”±é€‰ä¸çš„模æ¿æ·»åŠ 到账簿的科目。</para>
- <para>在<guilabel>模æ¿</guilabel>列表上方，是两个下拉框，其ä¸ä¸€ä¸ªæ˜¯è¯è¨€ä»£ç ，å¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ˜¯å›½å®¶ä»£ç 。åˆå§‹é€‰æ‹©åŒæ ·åŸºäºŽä½ çš„è®¡ç®—æœºåŒºåŸŸè®¾ç½®ç¡®å®šã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥é€‰æ‹©é€‚åˆä½ 需è¦çš„任何è¯è¨€å’Œå›½å®¶çš„组åˆã€‚</para>
+ <para>在<guilabel>模æ¿</guilabel>列表上方，是两个下拉框，其ä¸ä¸€ä¸ªæ˜¯è¯è¨€ä»£ç ，å¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ˜¯å›½å®¶ä»£ç 。åˆå§‹é€‰æ‹©åŒæ ·åŸºäºŽä½ çš„è®¡ç®—æœºåŒºåŸŸè®¾ç½®ç¡®å®šã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥æ ¹æ®éœ€è¦é€‰æ‹©ä»»ä½•è¯è¨€å’Œå›½å®¶çš„组åˆã€‚</para>
<note>
- <para><guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导ä¸ï¼Œä¸€æ¬¡ä¸èƒ½é€‰æ‹©å¤šä¸ªåŒºåŸŸï¼Œå› æ¤å¦‚æžœä½ éœ€è¦ä»Žå¤šä¸ªåŒºåŸŸä¸é€‰æ‹©å¤šé¡¹ï¼ˆå¯èƒ½æ˜¯ç”±äºŽä½ 首选区域的模æ¿éœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ¥è‡ªå…¶å®ƒå›½å®¶çš„模æ¿è¿›è¡Œæ‹“å±•ï¼‰ï¼Œä½ éœ€è¦ä»Ž<guimenu>功能</guimenu>èœå•å¤šæ¬¡è¿è¡Œæ¤å‘导。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导ä¸ï¼Œä¸èƒ½ä¸€æ¬¡é€‰æ‹©å¤šä¸ªåŒºåŸŸï¼Œå› æ¤å¦‚æžœä½ éœ€è¦ä»Žå¤šä¸ªåŒºåŸŸä¸é€‰æ‹©å¤šé¡¹ï¼ˆå¯èƒ½æ˜¯ç”±äºŽä½ 首选区域的模æ¿éœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ¥è‡ªå…¶å®ƒå›½å®¶çš„模æ¿è¿›è¡Œæ‹“展），å¯ä»¥ä»Ž<guimenu>功能</guimenu>èœå•å¤šæ¬¡è¿è¡Œæ¤å‘导。</para>
</note>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>设置选择的科目</guilabel>ä¼šä»¥æ ‘çŠ¶å½¢å¼åˆ—出æ¥è‡ªä½ 在<guilabel>选择è¦åˆ›å»ºçš„科目</guilabel>ä¸æ‰€é€‰æ¨¡æ¿çš„ç§‘ç›®ã€‚æ ¹æ®ä½ 是å¦æ£åœ¨åˆ›å»ºæ–°çš„账簿，列表å¯èƒ½æœ‰å››åˆ—或五列。
+ <para><guilabel>设置选择的科目</guilabel>ä¼šä»¥æ ‘çŠ¶å½¢å¼åˆ—出在<guilabel>选择è¦åˆ›å»ºçš„科目</guilabel>ä¸æ‰€é€‰æ¨¡æ¿çš„ç§‘ç›®ã€‚æ ¹æ®ä½ 是å¦æ£åœ¨åˆ›å»ºæ–°çš„账簿，列表å¯èƒ½æœ‰å››åˆ—或五列。
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>科目å称</guilabel>å¯ç¼–辑，åªéœ€åœ¨å…¶å†…点击或选ä¸è¯¥è¡Œå¹¶æŒ‰<keycap>Enter</keycap>。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>科目å称</guilabel>å¯ç¼–辑，åªéœ€åœ¨å…¶å†…点击，或选ä¸è¯¥è¡Œå¹¶æŒ‰<keycap>Enter</keycap>。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>类型</guilabel>ä¸å¯ç¼–辑。æ¤å¤„显示了科目类型。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>类型</guilabel>ä¸å¯ç¼–辑。æ¤é¡¹æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†ç§‘目类型。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>å ä½ç¬¦</guilabel>科目（åªèƒ½åœ¨å…¶ä¸‹å»ºç«‹å科目且自身ä¸èƒ½æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“çš„ç§‘ç›®ï¼‰ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥å‹¾é€‰ä½¿ç§‘ç›®æˆä¸ºå ä½ç¬¦ï¼Œæˆ–å–消勾选使科目为常规科目。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>å ä½ç¬¦</guilabel>科目（åªèƒ½åœ¨å…¶ä¸‹å»ºç«‹å科目而自身ä¸èƒ½æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“çš„ç§‘ç›®ï¼‰ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥å‹¾é€‰æ¤é¡¹ä½¿ç§‘ç›®æˆä¸ºå ä½ç¬¦ï¼Œæˆ–å–消勾选使科目为常规科目。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>å¯ä»¥ä¸ºéž<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š</emphasis>çš„éžå ä½ç§‘目设置金é¢ï¼Œå› 为一个已ç»å˜åœ¨çš„账户早就å˜åœ¨ä½™é¢ï¼Œå ä½ç¬¦ç§‘ç›®ä¸èƒ½å˜å‚¨äº¤æ˜“，且所有者æƒç›Šä¸èƒ½è®¾ç½®æœŸåˆä½™é¢ã€‚
- <note>
+ <para><guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>å¯ä»¥ä¸ºéž<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š</emphasis>çš„éžå ä½ç§‘目设置余é¢ï¼Œå› 为一个已ç»å˜åœ¨çš„账户早就å˜åœ¨ä½™é¢ï¼Œå ä½ç¬¦ç§‘ç›®ä¸èƒ½å˜å‚¨äº¤æ˜“，且所有者æƒç›Šä¸èƒ½è®¾ç½®æœŸåˆä½™é¢ã€‚
+ <note><!-- ToDoZ: guibutton -->
<para><guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>输入框åªæœ‰ç‚¹å‡»åŽæ‰å¯è§ã€‚ä½ å¿…é¡»ç‚¹å‡»åˆ«å¤„å°†å…‰æ ‡ç§»å‡ºè¾“å…¥æ¡†æˆ–åœ¨ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮之å‰æŒ‰<keycap>Tab</keycap>或<keycap>Enter</keycap>，å¦åˆ™è¾“入的内容会丢失。</para>
</note></para>
</listitem>
@@ -431,10 +425,10 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>完æˆç§‘目设置</guilabel> 是最åŽä¸€ä¸ªç•Œé¢ï¼Œç»™ä½ 最åŽçš„机会å–消æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹ï¼Œå›žå¤´æ›´æ”¹ä¸€äº›è®¾ç½®ï¼Œæˆ–点击<guibutton>应用</guibutton>ç¡®è®¤ä½ çš„é€‰æ‹©ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æ£åœ¨æ–°å»ºè´¦ç°¿ï¼Œ&app;会弹出对è¯æ¡†ï¼Œæ示选择å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼ï¼Œå¯ä»¥å˜å‚¨ä¸ºæ–‡ä»¶å¹¶ä¿å˜è‡³æœ¬åœ°ï¼Œå¦‚æžœ&app;内å«å˜å‚¨è‡³æ•°æ®åº“的功能且已ç»å®‰è£…了必è¦çš„软件ä¾èµ–，也å¯ä»¥è¾“入数æ®åº“æœåŠ¡å™¨åœ°å€ã€æ•°æ®åº“å和认è¯ä¿¡æ¯ä»¥åˆ›å»ºMySQL或PostgreSQLæ•°æ®åº“。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>完æˆç§‘目设置</guilabel> 是最åŽä¸€ä¸ªé¡µé¢ï¼Œç»™ä½ 最åŽçš„机会å–消æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹ï¼Œå›žå¤´æ›´æ”¹ä¸€äº›è®¾ç½®ï¼Œæˆ–点击<guibutton>应用</guibutton>ç¡®è®¤ä½ çš„é€‰æ‹©ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æ£åœ¨æ–°å»ºè´¦ç°¿ï¼Œ&app;会弹出对è¯æ¡†ï¼Œæ示选择å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼ï¼Œå¯ä»¥è¾“入文件åå˜å‚¨åˆ°ä½ 的计算机ä¸ï¼Œå¦‚æžœ&app;内å«å˜å‚¨è‡³æ•°æ®åº“的功能且已ç»å®‰è£…了必è¦çš„软件ä¾èµ–，也å¯ä»¥è¾“入数æ®åº“æœåŠ¡å™¨åœ°å€ã€æ•°æ®åº“å和认è¯ä¿¡æ¯ä»¥åˆ›å»ºMySQL或PostgreSQLæ•°æ®åº“。</para>
<warning>
- <para>å¦‚æžœä½ é€‰æ‹©å–æ¶ˆï¼Œä½ è‡³æ¤ä½œå‡ºçš„任何选择都会丢失。</para>
+ <para>å¦‚æžœä½ é€‰æ‹©å–æ¶ˆï¼Œä½ è‡³æ¤åšå‡ºçš„任何选择都会丢失。</para>
</warning>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
@@ -443,7 +437,7 @@ Translators:
<sect2 id="basics-tip2">
<title>æ¯æ—¥æ示</title>
- <para>&app;çš„<guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>ç•Œé¢ä¼šç»™å‡ºæœ‰åŠ©äºŽä½¿ç”¨&app;çš„æ示。</para>
+ <para>&app;çš„<guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>å±å¹•ä¼šç»™å‡ºæœ‰åŠ©äºŽä½¿ç”¨&app;çš„æ示。</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
<title>æ¯æ—¥æ示</title>
@@ -456,19 +450,19 @@ Translators:
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>ç•Œé¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>å±å¹•ã€‚</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>这些æ示å‘åˆå¦è€…æ供了有用的信æ¯ã€‚请å•å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>继ç»æŸ¥çœ‹æ›´å¤šæ示。如果 ä½ ä¸å¸Œæœ›åœ¨å¯åŠ¨æ—¶çœ‹åˆ°æ¤ç•Œé¢ï¼Œè¯·å–消选择æ—边的<guilabel>å¯åŠ¨æ—¶æ˜¾ç¤ºæ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>ã€‚å½“ä½ æµè§ˆå®Œæ示åŽï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å…³é—</guibutton>以关é—<guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>。</para>
+ <para>这些æ示对åˆå¦è€…很有帮助。请å•å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>继ç»æµè§ˆæ›´å¤šæ示。如果ä¸å¸Œæœ›åœ¨å¯åŠ¨æ—¶çœ‹åˆ°æ¤å±å¹•ï¼Œè¯·å–消选择æ—边的<guilabel>å¯åŠ¨æ—¶æ˜¾ç¤ºæ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>å¤é€‰æ¡†ã€‚æµè§ˆå®Œæ示åŽï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å…³é—</guibutton>以关é—<guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>å±å¹•ã€‚</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="basics-main2">
- <title>科目表窗å£</title>
+ <title>ç§‘ç›®æ ‘çª—å£</title>
- <para>ä½ çŽ°åœ¨åº”è¯¥çœ‹åˆ°äº†<guilabel>科目</guilabel>窗å£ï¼Œå¦‚下所示。具体显示的科目ä¾èµ–äºŽä½ åœ¨<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>ä¸é€‰æ‹©äº†å“ªäº›é»˜è®¤ç§‘目。æ¤ç¤ºä¾‹å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>默认科目</guilabel>。</para>
+ <para>ä½ çŽ°åœ¨åº”è¯¥çœ‹åˆ°äº†<guilabel>科目</guilabel>窗å£ï¼Œå¦‚下所示。具体显示的科目ä¾èµ–äºŽä½ åœ¨<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>ä¸é€‰æ‹©äº†å“ªäº›é»˜è®¤ç§‘目。æ¤å¤„的示例展示了<guilabel>默认科目</guilabel>。</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
<title>基本科目关系</title>
@@ -487,17 +481,17 @@ Translators:
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>科目表窗å£ï¼ˆä¹Ÿç§°ä¸ºç§‘目汇总表）汇总了当å‰æ–‡ä»¶ä¸çš„æ•°æ®ï¼ŒåŒ…å«ç§‘ç›®å称列表和当å‰ä½™é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>ç§‘ç›®æ ‘çª—å£ï¼ˆä¹Ÿç§°ä¸ºç§‘目汇总表或科目表）汇总了当å‰æ–‡ä»¶ä¸çš„æ•°æ®ï¼ŒåŒ…å«ç§‘ç›®å称列表和当å‰ä½™é¢ã€‚</para>
- <para>ç”±æ¤çª—å£ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡åŒå‡»ç§‘ç›®å称，å³å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称并从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>打开账户</guilabel>，或使用工具æ 上的<guibutton>打开</guibutton>按钮æ¥æ‰“开科目账簿。å¯ä»¥åœ¨&app;ä¸æ‰“开任æ„æ•°é‡çš„科目账簿。å‚è§<xref linkend="basics-register2"/>了解使用科目账簿的更多信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+ <para>在æ¤çª—å£ä¸ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥åŒå‡»ç§‘ç›®å称ã€å³å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称并从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>打开账户</guilabel>或使用工具æ 上的<guibutton>打开</guibutton>按钮打开科目账簿。å¯ä»¥åœ¨&app;ä¸æ‰“开任æ„æ•°é‡çš„科目账簿。å‚è§<xref linkend="basics-register2"/>了解使用科目账簿的更多信æ¯ã€‚</para>
<tip>
- <para>如果科目下å˜åœ¨å科目，å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称æ—边的å°ä¸‰è§’显示其å科目。 </para>
+ <para>如果科目下å˜åœ¨å科目，å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称æ—边的å°ä¸‰è§’显示其å科目。</para>
</tip>
- <para>窗å£é¡¶ç«¯æ˜¯<emphasis>æ ‡é¢˜æ </emphasis>，显示æ¤ç»„账户的文件å。其下是<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>，å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»èœå•æ ‡é¢˜æˆ–使用快æ·å»ºï¼ˆå‚è§<xref linkend="basics-shortcut2"/>）访问èœå•æ¡ç›®ã€‚ 接下æ¥æ˜¯<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>，包å«è°ƒç”¨å¸¸ç”¨åŠŸèƒ½çš„按钮。</para>
+ <para>窗å£é¡¶ç«¯æ˜¯<emphasis>æ ‡é¢˜æ </emphasis>，显示æ¤ç»„账户的文件å。其下是<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>，å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»èœå•æ ‡é¢˜æˆ–使用快æ·å»ºï¼ˆå‚è§<xref linkend="basics-shortcut2"/>）访问èœå•æ¡ç›®ã€‚接下æ¥æ˜¯<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>，包å«è°ƒç”¨å¸¸ç”¨åŠŸèƒ½çš„按钮。</para>
- <para>科目表在<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>ä¸‹æ–¹æ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚ä¸€æ—¦ä½ åˆ›å»ºäº†ç§‘ç›®ï¼Œç§‘ç›®å称就会在科目表ä¸æ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡ç§‘目表å³ä¸Šæ–¹çš„å°ç®å¤´è‡ªå®šä¹‰æ˜¾ç¤ºå“ªäº›è¡¨å¤´ã€‚</para>
+ <para>ç§‘ç›®æ ‘æ˜¾ç¤ºåœ¨<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>ä¸‹æ–¹ã€‚ä¸€æ—¦ä½ åˆ›å»ºäº†ç§‘ç›®ï¼Œç§‘ç›®åç§°å°±ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºåœ¨ç§‘ç›®æ ‘ä¸ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡ç§‘ç›®æ ‘å³ä¸Šæ–¹çš„å°ç®å¤´è‡ªå®šä¹‰æ˜¾ç¤ºå“ªäº›è¡¨å¤´ã€‚</para>
<para>底部是<emphasis>状æ€æ </emphasis>，展示有关净资产和利润的信æ¯ã€‚</para>
</sect2>
@@ -505,10 +499,10 @@ Translators:
<sect2 id="basics-register2">
<title>科目账簿窗å£</title>
- <para>科目账簿窗å£ç”¨äºŽè¾“入并编辑科目数æ®ã€‚æ°å¦‚å…¶å，科目账簿窗å£çœ‹èµ·æ¥å°±åƒæ˜¯æ”¯ç¥¨ç°¿ã€‚ </para>
+ <para>科目账簿窗å£ç”¨äºŽè¾“入并编辑科目数æ®ã€‚æ°å¦‚å…¶å，科目账簿窗å£çœ‹èµ·æ¥å°±åƒæ˜¯æ”¯ç¥¨ç°¿ã€‚</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>支付账户的账簿</title>
+ <title>活期账户的账簿</title>
<screenshot id="basics-CheckAccount">
<mediaobject>
@@ -518,38 +512,34 @@ Translators:
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†å·²å½•å…¥å‡ 笔交易åŽçš„支付账户的账簿。</para>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†å·²ç»å½•å…¥å‡ 笔交易åŽçš„活期账户的账簿。</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para><xref linkend="chapter_txns"/>将进一æ¥è¯´æ˜Žç§‘目账簿窗å£å’Œå‘å…¶ä¸è¾“入数æ®çš„方法。科目账簿窗å£çš„å„部分类似于科目表窗å£çš„åéƒ¨åˆ†ã€‚é¡¶éƒ¨çš„æ ‡é¢˜æ 显示科目å。其下，èœå•æ 包å«ä¸Žç§‘目账簿相关的èœå•é€‰é¡¹ã€‚使用工具æ 按钮å¯ä»¥æ–¹ä¾¿åœ°ä½¿ç”¨å„项输入数æ®çš„功能。窗å£åº•éƒ¨çš„状æ€æ 显示了科目余é¢ï¼Œä¼šåœ¨<xref linkend="chapter_txns"/>详细介ç»ã€‚科目账簿窗å£åº•éƒ¨æ˜¾ç¤ºæœ‰å…³å½“å‰å…‰æ ‡ä½ç½®çš„一些信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_txns"/>将进一æ¥ä»‹ç»ç§‘目账簿窗å£å’Œå‘å…¶ä¸è¾“入数æ®çš„方法。科目账簿窗å£çš„å„éƒ¨åˆ†ç±»ä¼¼äºŽç§‘ç›®æ ‘çª—å£çš„å„éƒ¨åˆ†ã€‚é¡¶éƒ¨çš„æ ‡é¢˜æ 显示科目å。下方，èœå•æ 包å«ä¸Žç§‘目账簿相关的èœå•é€‰é¡¹ã€‚使用工具æ 按钮å¯ä»¥æ–¹ä¾¿åœ°ä½¿ç”¨å„项输入数æ®çš„功能。窗å£åº•éƒ¨çš„状æ€æ 显示了科目余é¢ï¼Œä¼šåœ¨<xref linkend="chapter_txns"/>详细介ç»ã€‚科目账簿窗å£åº•éƒ¨æ˜¾ç¤ºæœ‰å…³å½“å‰å…‰æ ‡ä½ç½®çš„一些信æ¯ã€‚</para>
- <!--
<note>
<para>在账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå¯ä»¥è°ƒæ•´&app;显示的多个列的尺寸，但è¦æ³¨æ„“æè¿°â€å’Œâ€œä½™é¢â€åˆ—和行为与其它列ä¸åŒã€‚</para>
- <para>The <guilabel>Description</guilabel> column is designed to
- expand automatically to fill all unused horizontal screen space.
- Therefore you should set the widths of all your other columns before
- setting the Description column width.</para>
+ <para><guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>列设计æˆè‡ªåŠ¨æ‰©å±•ä»¥å¡«å……æ‰€æœ‰æœªä½¿ç”¨çš„æ°´å¹³ç©ºé—´ã€‚å› æ¤åº”当在设置æ述列的宽度之å‰è®¾ç½®æ‰€æœ‰å…¶å®ƒåˆ—的宽度。</para>
- <para>The <guilabel>Balance</guilabel> column must be resized by
- double-clicking on the column heading.</para>
+ <!-- ToDoZ: ä¸å¤ªå¯¹å§ -->
+ <!-- <para>The <guilabel>Balance</guilabel> column must be resized by
+ double-clicking on the column heading.</para> -->
</note>
- -->
</sect2>
<sect2 id="basics-toolbar2">
<title>工具æ 按钮</title>
- <para>科目表窗å£å’Œç§‘目账簿窗å£éƒ½åŒ…å«å·¥å…·æ 按钮。使用这些按钮å¯ä»¥å¿«é€Ÿæ‰§è¡Œåƒç§‘目表窗å£ä¸çš„<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>打开</guibutton>和科目账簿窗å£ä¸çš„<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>å’Œ<guibutton>åˆ é™¤</guibutton>ç‰å¸¸ç”¨åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸ç¡®å®šä¸€ä¸ªæŒ‰é’®ä¼šæ‰§è¡Œä»€ä¹ˆæ“作，å¯ä»¥å°†é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆç§»åŠ¨åˆ°æŒ‰é’®ä¸Šï¼Œå°±ä¼šå‡ºçŽ°å¯¹æ¤åŠŸèƒ½çš„æ述。</para>
+ <para>ç§‘ç›®æ ‘çª—å£å’Œç§‘目账簿窗å£å‡æ供工具æ 按钮。使用这些按钮å¯ä»¥å¿«é€Ÿæ‰§è¡Œä¾‹å¦‚ç§‘ç›®æ ‘çª—å£ä¸çš„<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>打开</guibutton>和科目账簿窗å£ä¸çš„<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>åˆ é™¤</guibutton>ç‰å¸¸ç”¨åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸ç¡®å®šä¸€ä¸ªæŒ‰é’®ä¼šæ‰§è¡Œä»€ä¹ˆæ“作，å¯ä»¥å°†é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆç§»åŠ¨åˆ°æŒ‰é’®ä¸Šï¼Œå°±ä¼šå‡ºçŽ°å¯¹æ¤åŠŸèƒ½çš„æ述。</para>
- <para>下é¢æ˜¯å¯¹ç§‘目表窗å£ä¸æŒ‰é’®çš„总结：</para>
+ <para>下é¢æ€»ç»“äº†ç§‘ç›®æ ‘çª—å£ä¸å„按钮的功能：</para>
<variablelist>
- <title>科目表窗å£æŒ‰é’®</title>
+ <title>ç§‘ç›®æ ‘çª—å£æŒ‰é’®</title>
<varlistentry>
<term>
@@ -587,22 +577,22 @@ Translators:
<sect2 id="basics-tabbar">
<title>æ ‡ç¾æ </title>
- <para>&app; ä½¿ç”¨æ ‡ç¾å¼çš„设计，å…许åŒæ—¶æ‰“开多个科目账簿和报表。æ¯ä¸ªæ‰“开的窗å£ï¼ˆåŒ…括科目账簿ã€æŠ¥è¡¨å’Œè®¡åˆ’交易窗å£ï¼‰éƒ½å¯¹åº”ä¸€ä¸ªæ ‡ç¾æ ä¸çš„æ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»æ ‡ç¾é¡µæŸ¥çœ‹ä¸åŒçš„窗å£ã€‚æ ‡ç¾æ å¯ä»¥åœ¨<guilabel>首选项</guilabel>ä¸é…置为沿&app;窗å£çš„任何一边显示。</para>
+ <para>&app;ä½¿ç”¨æ ‡ç¾å¼çš„设计，å…许åŒæ—¶æ‰“开多个科目账簿和报表。æ¯ä¸ªæ‰“开的窗å£ï¼ˆåŒ…括科目账簿ã€æŠ¥è¡¨å’Œè®¡åˆ’交易窗å£ï¼‰éƒ½å¯¹åº”æ ‡ç¾æ ä¸çš„ä¸€ä¸ªæ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»æ ‡ç¾é¡µæŸ¥çœ‹ä¸åŒçš„窗å£ã€‚æ ‡ç¾æ å¯ä»¥åœ¨<guilabel>首选项</guilabel>ä¸é…置为沿&app;窗å£çš„ä»»æ„一边显示。</para>
<para>è¦æŸ¥çœ‹æ ‡ç¾çš„å…¨å，å¯ä»¥å°†é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆç§»åŠ¨åˆ°æ ‡ç¾ä¹‹ä¸Šã€‚å¦‚æžœæ‰“å¼€çš„æ ‡ç¾æ¯”窗å£èƒ½å¤Ÿæ˜¾ç¤ºçš„è¦å¤šï¼Œéƒ¨åˆ†æ ‡ç¾å¯èƒ½ä¸ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚</para>
<tip>
<orderedlist>
- <listitem>
+ <listitem><!-- ToDoZ: 排版有些问题 -->
<simpara>å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»æ ‡ç¾æ 两侧的ç®å¤´æµè§ˆå…¨éƒ¨æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <simpara>也å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡æ›´æ”¹<guilabel>首选项</guilabel>-<guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µä½ç½®</guilabel>æ›´æ”¹æ ‡ç¾æ 的对é½æ–¹å¼ã€‚</simpara>
+ <simpara>也å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡æ›´æ”¹<guilabel>首选项</guilabel>ä¸çš„<guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µä½ç½®</guilabel>æ›´æ”¹æ ‡ç¾æ 的对é½æ–¹å¼ã€‚</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <simpara>æ ‡ç¾é¡µçš„完整列表å¯ä»¥å³å‡»æ ‡ç¾æ 查看，点击å¯åˆ‡æ¢è‡³ä»»ä¸€æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚ </simpara>
+ <simpara>æ ‡ç¾é¡µçš„完整列表å¯ä»¥å³å‡»æ ‡ç¾æ 查看，点击èœå•é¡¹å¯åˆ‡æ¢è‡³ä»»ä¸€æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚ </simpara>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</tip>
@@ -611,24 +601,24 @@ Translators:
<sect2 id="basics-options2">
<title>èœå•é¡¹</title>
- <para>科目表窗å£å’Œç§‘目账簿窗å£åœ¨èœå•æ 处都包å«æ•°ä¸ªèœå•æ ‡é¢˜ã€‚点击èœå•æ ‡é¢˜ä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¸Žä¹‹å¯¹åº”çš„èœå•é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+ <para>ç§‘ç›®æ ‘çª—å£å’Œç§‘目账簿窗å£åœ¨èœå•æ 处å‡åŒ…å«æ•°ä¸ªèœå•æ ‡é¢˜ã€‚点击èœå•æ ‡é¢˜ä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¸Žä¹‹å¯¹åº”çš„èœå•é¡¹ã€‚</para>
- <para>ä½ å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»ç§‘目表èœå•æ ‡é¢˜å†å°†é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆç§»åŠ¨åˆ°èœå•é¡¹ä¸Šäº†è§£å…¶åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚å°†é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆç§»åŠ¨åˆ°èœå•é¡¹ä¸Šæ—¶ï¼Œèœå•é¡¹çš„功能æ述会出现在窗å£çš„左下角（在<emphasis>状æ€æ </emphasis>内）。点击以选择一个èœå•é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+ <para>ä½ å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»ç§‘ç›®æ ‘èœå•æ ‡é¢˜å†å°†é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆç§»åŠ¨åˆ°èœå•é¡¹ä¸Šäº†è§£ç›¸åº”çš„åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚å°†é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆç§»åŠ¨åˆ°èœå•é¡¹ä¸Šæ—¶ï¼Œèœå•é¡¹çš„功能æ述会出现在窗å£çš„左下角（在<emphasis>状æ€æ </emphasis>内）。点击以选择一个èœå•é¡¹ã€‚</para>
- <para>ä½ ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥åœ¨çª—å£ä¸çš„任何地方å³å‡»é¼ æ ‡è®¿é—®æœ€å¸¸è§çš„èœå•é¡¹ã€‚åœ¨ç§‘ç›®æ ‘çª—å£ä¸ï¼Œä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¸Žç§‘目相关的èœå•é¡¹ã€‚在科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¸Žäº¤æ˜“相关的èœå•é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+ <para>ä½ ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥åœ¨çª—å£ä¸çš„任何地方å³å‡»é¼ æ ‡ï¼Œè®¿é—®æœ€å¸¸ç”¨çš„èœå•é¡¹ã€‚åœ¨ç§‘ç›®æ ‘çª—å£ä¸ï¼Œä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¸Žç§‘目相关的èœå•é¡¹ã€‚在科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¸Žäº¤æ˜“相关的èœå•é¡¹ã€‚</para>
- <para>也å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡å¿«æ·é”®è®¿é—®èœå•é¡¹ï¼Œå¿«æ·é”®çš„用法将在下文详细介ç»ã€‚</para>
+ <para>也å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡å¿«æ·é”®è®¿é—®èœå•é¡¹ï¼Œå¿«æ·é”®çš„用法将在下é¢è¯¦ç»†ä»‹ç»ã€‚</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="basics-shortcut2">
<title>èœå•è®¿é—®é”®å’Œå¿«æ·é”®</title>
- <para>所有èœå•é¡¹éƒ½æ‹¥æœ‰è®¿é—®é”®ï¼Œè®¿é—®é”®æ˜¯åœ¨èœå•é¡¹å称ä¸å…·æœ‰ä¸‹åˆ’çº¿æ ‡è®°çš„å—符。 按下<keycap>Alt</keycap>键和èœå•æ ‡é¢˜ä¸å…·æœ‰ä¸‹åˆ’çº¿æ ‡è®°çš„å—符，会弹出相应èœå•æ ‡é¢˜çš„èœå•é¡¹ã€‚èœå•é¡¹æ˜¾ç¤ºä¹‹åŽï¼Œåœ¨é”®ç›˜ä¸ŠæŒ‰ä¸‹èœå•é¡¹ä¸ç”±ä¸‹åˆ’çº¿æ ‡è®°çš„å—符æ¥æ¿€æ´»èœå•é¡¹ã€‚例如，在主窗å£ä¸æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycombo>
+ <para>所有èœå•é¡¹éƒ½æ‹¥æœ‰è®¿é—®é”®ï¼Œè®¿é—®é”®æ˜¯åœ¨èœå•é¡¹å称ä¸ä½¿ç”¨ä¸‹åˆ’çº¿æ ‡è®°å‡ºçš„å—符。按下<keycap>Alt</keycap>键和èœå•æ ‡é¢˜ä¸æ ‡æœ‰ä¸‹åˆ’线的å—符，就会弹出相应èœå•æ ‡é¢˜çš„èœå•é¡¹ã€‚èœå•é¡¹æ˜¾ç¤ºä¹‹åŽï¼Œåœ¨é”®ç›˜ä¸ŠæŒ‰ä¸‹èœå•é¡¹ä¸æ ‡æœ‰ä¸‹åˆ’线的å—符æ¥é€‰æ‹©èœå•é¡¹ã€‚例如，在主窗å£ä¸æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycombo>
<keycap>Alt</keycap>
<keycap>F</keycap>
</keycombo>弹出<guimenu>文件</guimenu>èœå•ï¼Œç„¶åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap>S</keycap>会ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚è®¿é—®é”®æ˜¯å›ºå®šçš„ï¼Œç”¨æˆ·æ— æ³•ä¿®æ”¹ã€‚</para>
- <para>一部分常用的èœå•é¡¹ä¹Ÿå…·æœ‰å¿«æ·é”®ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨å¿«æ·é”®ï¼Œæ— 需在èœå•ä¸å±‚层寻找å³å¯ç›´æŽ¥æ‰§è¡Œå‘½ä»¤ã€‚这些快æ·é”®ä¸€èˆ¬é…åˆä½¿ç”¨<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>键，尽管快æ·é”®å¯ä¸ºä»»ä½•æŒ‰é”®çš„组åˆã€‚èœå•å¿«æ·é”®æ˜¾ç¤ºåœ¨æ¯ä¸ªèœå•é¡¹çš„å³ç«¯ã€‚</para>
+ <para>一部分常用的èœå•é¡¹ä¹Ÿå…·æœ‰å¿«æ·é”®ã€‚使用快æ·é”®ï¼Œæ— 需在èœå•ä¸å±‚层寻找å³å¯ç›´æŽ¥æ‰§è¡Œå‘½ä»¤ã€‚å¿«æ·é”®ä¸€èˆ¬é…åˆä½¿ç”¨<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>键，ä¸è¿‡å¿«æ·é”®å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ä»»æ„按键的组åˆã€‚èœå•å¿«æ·é”®æ˜¾ç¤ºåœ¨æ¯ä¸ªèœå•é¡¹çš„å³ç«¯ã€‚</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
@@ -638,38 +628,38 @@ Translators:
<sect2 id="basics-files1-overview">
<title>概述</title>
- <para>&app;æä¾›äº†å‡ ç§æ ¼å¼å˜å‚¨è´¢åŠ¡æ•°æ®ã€‚默认的文件å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼æ˜¯<acronym>XML</acronym>，而SQLå˜å‚¨åœ¨SQLiteã€MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQLæ ¼å¼ä¸å¯ç”¨ã€‚对于新文件，用户å¯ä»¥ä»Ž<menuchoice>
+ <para>&app;æä¾›äº†å‡ ç§æ ¼å¼å˜å‚¨è´¢åŠ¡æ•°æ®ã€‚默认的文件å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼æ˜¯<acronym>XML</acronym>，而SQLå˜å‚¨åœ¨SQLiteã€MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQLæ ¼å¼ä¸å¯ç”¨ã€‚对于新文件，用户å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡<menuchoice>
<guimenu>文件</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>ä¿å˜</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>对è¯æ¡†é€‰æ‹©æ–‡ä»¶æ ¼å¼ï¼Œå¯¹äºŽå˜åœ¨çš„文件，å¯ä»¥ä»Ž<menuchoice>
+ </menuchoice>对è¯æ¡†é€‰æ‹©æ–‡ä»¶æ ¼å¼ï¼Œå¯¹äºŽå˜åœ¨çš„文件，å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡<menuchoice>
<guimenu>文件</guimenu>
- <guimenuitem>å¦å˜ä¸º...</guimenuitem>
+ <guimenuitem>å¦å˜ä¸ºâ€¦</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>对è¯æ¡†é€‰æ‹©æ–‡ä»¶æ ¼å¼ã€‚</para>
<para><acronym>XML</acronym>å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼æ˜¯ä¸€ç§é»˜è®¤åŽ‹ç¼©å˜å‚¨çš„文本文件，是å¦åŽ‹ç¼©å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡<menuchoice>
<guimenu>编辑</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>首选项</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice> <guilabel>常规</guilabel> <guilabel>压缩文件</guilabel>设置。 SQLite å˜å‚¨ä¹Ÿæ˜¯å¯ç”¨çš„，会åƒ<acronym>XML</acronym>æ ¼å¼ä¸€æ ·ï¼Œå°†ä½ çš„æ•°æ®å˜å‚¨ä¸ºç³»ç»Ÿä¸çš„å•ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚然而，在程åºå†…部，一个SQLite文件会作为数æ®åº“进行管ç†ã€‚MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQLå˜å‚¨é€‰é¡¹éœ€è¦è¿žæŽ¥åˆ°æ•°æ®åº“æœåŠ¡å™¨ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨ä½ 的计算机上安装é¢å¤–çš„æ•°æ®åº“驱动程åºã€‚</para>
+ <guilabel>常规</guilabel> <guilabel>压缩文件</guilabel></menuchoice>设置。也å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨SQLiteå˜å‚¨ï¼Œä¼šåƒ<acronym>XML</acronym>æ ¼å¼ä¸€æ ·ï¼Œå°†ä½ çš„æ•°æ®å˜å‚¨ä¸ºç³»ç»Ÿä¸çš„å•ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚然而，在程åºå†…部，一个SQLite文件会作为数æ®åº“进行管ç†ã€‚MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQLå˜å‚¨é€‰é¡¹éœ€è¦è¿žæŽ¥åˆ°æ•°æ®åº“æœåŠ¡å™¨ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨ä½ 的计算机上安装é¢å¤–çš„æ•°æ®åº“驱动程åºã€‚</para>
<tip>
<para>用户å¯ä»¥éšæ—¶ä½¿ç”¨<menuchoice>
<guimenu>文件</guimenu>
- <guimenuitem>å¦å˜ä¸º...</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>更改å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼ï¼Œä¼šä»¥æŒ‡å®šçš„æ ¼å¼åˆ›å»ºæ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„副本。</para>
+ <guimenuitem>å¦å˜ä¸ºâ€¦</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>更改å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼ï¼Œå¹¶ä»¥é€‰å®šçš„æ ¼å¼åˆ›å»ºæ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„副本。</para>
</tip>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="basics-files-storage-comparison">
- <title>å˜å‚¨åŽ‹ç¼©å’Œç›¸å…³å»ºè®®</title>
+ <title>å˜å‚¨åŽ‹ç¼©åŠæœ‰å…³å»ºè®®</title>
- <para>æ¯ç§å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼éƒ½æœ‰ä¼˜ç‚¹å’Œç¼ºç‚¹ï¼Œç”¨æˆ·éœ€è¦ç»“åˆè‡ªèº«çš„需求和能力进行考虑。å¯å‚è§ä¸‹æ–‡çš„<link
+ <para>æ¯ç§å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼å„有优缺点，用户需è¦ç»“åˆè‡ªèº«çš„需求和能力进行考虑。å¯å‚è§ä¸‹æ–‡çš„<link
endterm="basics-storage-comparison-tbltitle"
linkend="basics-storage-comparison-table"/>了解详细信æ¯ã€‚</para>
- <para><acronym>XML</acronym>æ ¼å¼æ˜¯æœ€ç¨³å®šæˆç†Ÿçš„ï¼Œå› æ¤ï¼Œå»ºè®®å¤§å¤šæ•°ç”¨æˆ·é€‰æ‹©æ¤æ ¼å¼ã€‚<acronym>SQL</acronym>æ ¼å¼äºŽ 2.4 ç‰ˆæ·»åŠ ï¼Œåœ¨ç”¨æˆ·ä¸æˆä¸ºäº†è¶Šå‘å—欢迎的选择。SQLiteæ ¼å¼è®©ç”¨æˆ·æ— 需花功夫安装管ç†å®Œæ•´çš„<acronym>DBMS</acronym>å°±å¯ä»¥äº«å—SQLå˜å‚¨çš„优点。MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQL选项分别è¦æ±‚安装MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQL <acronym>DBMS</acronym>，这些<acronym>DBMS</acronym>最好由有ç»éªŒçš„æ•°æ®åº“管ç†å‘˜ç»´æŠ¤ã€‚</para>
+ <para><acronym>XML</acronym>æ ¼å¼æ˜¯æœ€ä¸ºç¨³å®šæˆç†Ÿçš„ï¼Œå› æ¤å»ºè®®å¤§å¤šæ•°ç”¨æˆ·é€‰æ‹©æ¤æ ¼å¼ã€‚<acronym>SQL</acronym>æ ¼å¼äºŽ2.4ç‰ˆæ·»åŠ ï¼Œåœ¨ç”¨æˆ·ä¸æˆä¸ºäº†è¶Šå‘å—欢迎的选择。SQLiteæ ¼å¼è®©ç”¨æˆ·æ— 需花功夫安装并管ç†å®Œæ•´çš„<acronym>DBMS</acronym>å°±å¯ä»¥äº«å—SQLå˜å‚¨çš„优点。MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQL选项分别è¦æ±‚安装MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQL <acronym>DBMS</acronym>，这些<acronym>DBMS</acronym>最好由ç»éªŒä¸°å¯Œçš„æ•°æ®åº“管ç†å‘˜ç»´æŠ¤ã€‚</para>
<note>
- <para>使用<acronym>SQL</acronym>å˜å‚¨åŽç«¯æ„味ç€&app;å·²ç»å®Œå…¨å®žçŽ°äº†<acronym>DBMS</acronym>特性，包括多用户和增é‡æ•°æ®æ“作。 然而，&app;当å‰å¹¶æ²¡æœ‰å®žçŽ°è¿™äº›ç‰¹æ€§ï¼Œå°½ç®¡è¿™æ˜¯å¼€å‘ç»„çš„é•¿æœŸç›®æ ‡ã€‚</para>
+ <para>&app;对<acronym>SQL</acronym>å˜å‚¨åŽç«¯çš„支æŒæ„味ç€&app;å·²ç»å®Œå…¨å®žçŽ°äº†<acronym>DBMS</acronym>特性，包括多用户和增é‡æ•°æ®æ“作。然而，&app;当å‰å¹¶æ²¡æœ‰å®žçŽ°è¿™äº›ç‰¹æ€§ï¼Œä¸è¿‡è¿™æ˜¯å¼€å‘ç»„çš„é•¿æœŸç›®æ ‡ã€‚</para>
</note>
</sect2>
@@ -712,7 +702,7 @@ Translators:
<entry align="center" nameend="c5pgsql"
namest="c3sqlite">ä¾èµ–于软件包 <footnote>
- <para>SQLåŽç«¯ä¾èµ–é¢å¤–的软件包。这些软件包已内置于在 macOS å’Œ Microsoft Windows 下的软件安装包ä¸ï¼Œä¼šéš&app;的安装程åºè‡ªåŠ¨å®‰è£…。Linuxå‘行版用户å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨åŒ…管ç†å™¨ä¸“门安装所需的é¢å¤–软件包。针对SQLite3ã€MySqlå’ŒPostgresql分别查找包å类似libdbd-sqlite3ã€libdbd-mysql或libdbd-pgsql的软件包进行安装。</para>
+ <para>SQLåŽç«¯ä¾èµ–é¢å¤–的软件包。这些软件包已内置于在 macOS å’Œ Microsoft Windows 下的安装包ä¸ï¼Œä¼šéš&app;的安装程åºè‡ªåŠ¨å®‰è£…。Linuxå‘行版用户å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨åŒ…管ç†å™¨ä¸“门安装所需的é¢å¤–软件包。对于SQLite3ã€MySqlå’ŒPostgresql分别查找包å类似libdbd-sqlite3ã€libdbd-mysql或libdbd-pgsql的软件包进行安装。</para>
</footnote></entry>
</row>
@@ -724,7 +714,7 @@ Translators:
<entry align="center" nameend="c5pgsql" namest="c4mysql">N/A
<footnote>
- <para>MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQL将数æ®å˜å‚¨åœ¨å®ƒä»¬è‡ªå·±çš„å˜å‚¨ç³»ç»Ÿä¸ã€‚</para>
+ <para>MySQL å’Œ PostgreSQL 将数æ®å˜å‚¨åœ¨å®ƒä»¬è‡ªå·±çš„å˜å‚¨ç³»ç»Ÿä¸ã€‚</para>
</footnote></entry>
</row>
@@ -785,7 +775,7 @@ Translators:
<sect2 id="basics-create-data">
<title>创建文件</title>
- <para>è¦åˆ›å»ºæ–°çš„&app;文件，æ“作如下：</para>
+ <para>è¦åˆ›å»ºæ–°çš„&app;文件，按如下æ¥éª¤æ“作：</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
@@ -797,8 +787,7 @@ Translators:
</menuchoice>。<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导将å¯åŠ¨ã€‚</para>
<note>
- <para>如果是首次è¿è¡Œ&app;，将显示<guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;ï¼</guilabel>
- ç•Œé¢ã€‚æ¤ç•Œé¢ä¼šåœ¨&app;帮助手册详细介ç»ã€‚</para>
+ <para>如果是首次è¿è¡Œ&app;，将显示<guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;ï¼</guilabel>å±å¹•ã€‚æ¤å±å¹•ä¼šåœ¨&app;帮助手册详细介ç»ã€‚</para>
</note>
</listitem>
@@ -818,7 +807,7 @@ Translators:
<para>从<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>选择<menuchoice>
<guimenu>文件</guimenu>
- <guimenuitem>å¦å˜ä¸º...</guimenuitem>
+ <guimenuitem>å¦å˜ä¸ºâ€¦</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>或选择<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>按钮。&app;会弹出ä¿å˜çª—å£ã€‚</para>
</listitem>
@@ -826,7 +815,7 @@ Translators:
<para>从下拉列表ä¸é€‰æ‹©æ–‡ä»¶çš„<guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>。 默认选择的是
<guilabel>xml</guilabel>ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ å·²ç»è®¾ç½®äº†æ•°æ®åº“åŽç«¯å¯ä»¥æ›´æ”¹ä¸ºç›¸åº”çš„æ ¼å¼ã€‚</para>
- <para>ä¾æ®ä½ 选择的<guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>，窗å£ä¼šæŒ‰ä¸‹æ–‡æ‰€è¿°å˜åŒ–。</para>
+ <para>ä¾æ®ä½ 选择的<guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>，窗å£ä¼šæŒ‰ä¸‹æ–‡æ‰€è¿°å‘生å˜åŒ–。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@@ -836,7 +825,7 @@ Translators:
<guilabel>sqlite3</guilabel>ï¼Œä½ ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°åƒè¿™æ ·çš„对è¯æ¡†ï¼š</para>
<figure>
- <title>选择<guilabel>xml</guilabel>或<guilabel>sqlite3</guilabel>时的ä¿å˜å¯¹è¯æ¡†ã€‚</title>
+ <title>选择<guilabel>xml</guilabel>或<guilabel>sqlite3</guilabel>时的ä¿å˜å¯¹è¯æ¡†</title>
<screenshot id="basics-SaveXML">
<mediaobject>
@@ -877,7 +866,7 @@ Translators:
<para>å¦‚æžœä½ é€‰æ‹©äº†<guilabel>mysql</guilabel>或<guilabel>postgres</guilabel><guilabel>æ–‡ä»¶æ ¼å¼</guilabel>ä½ ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°åƒè¿™æ ·çš„对è¯æ¡†ï¼š</para>
<figure>
- <title>选择<guilabel>mysql</guilabel>或<guilabel>postgres</guilabel>时的ä¿å˜å¯¹è¯æ¡†ã€‚</title>
+ <title>选择<guilabel>mysql</guilabel>或<guilabel>postgres</guilabel>时的ä¿å˜å¯¹è¯æ¡†</title>
<screenshot id="basics-SaveSQL">
<mediaobject>
@@ -907,20 +896,22 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
- <para>您如果æ£åœ¨è·Ÿè¸ªå®¶åºè´¢åŠ¡çŠ¶å†µï¼Œåˆ™åªéœ€è¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚但如果您åŒæ—¶è¿˜åœ¨è·Ÿè¸ªä¼ä¸šè´¢åŠ¡ï¼Œæˆ–出于æŸç§åŽŸå› 希望将数æ®åˆ†ç¦»å˜å‚¨ï¼Œåˆ™éœ€è¦å¤šäºŽä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+ <para>ä½ å¦‚æžœæ£åœ¨è·Ÿè¸ªå®¶åºè´¢åŠ¡çŠ¶å†µï¼Œåˆ™åªéœ€è¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚ä½†å¦‚æžœä½ åŒæ—¶è¿˜åœ¨ç®¡ç†ä¼ä¸šè´¢åŠ¡ï¼Œæˆ–出于æŸç§åŽŸå› 希望将数æ®åˆ†ç¦»å˜å‚¨ï¼Œåˆ™éœ€è¦å¤šäºŽä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
<para>在结æŸæ¯æ¬¡&app;会è¯å‰ï¼Œç¡®ä¿ä½¿ç”¨<menuchoice>
<guimenu>文件</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>ä¿å˜</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>或<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>
- <emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>按钮ä¿å˜æ•°æ®æ›´æ”¹ã€‚<note>
- <para>å› ä¸ºç»å¸¸ä¿å˜æ•°æ®ä»¥é˜²å› ä»»ä½•åŽŸå› ä¸¢å¤±å分é‡è¦ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥&app;能够æ¯éš”一段时间自动ä¿å˜æ‰“开的文件。æ¤é—´éš”时间å¯ä»¥åœ¨<menuchoice>
+ <emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>按钮ä¿å˜æ•°æ®æ›´æ”¹ã€‚
+
+ <note>
+ <para>ç»å¸¸ä¿å˜æ•°æ®ä»¥é˜²æ¢ç”±äºŽä»»ä½•åŽŸå› 丢失是相当é‡è¦çš„，所以&app;å¯ä»¥æ¯éš”一段时间自动ä¿å˜æ‰“开的文件。ä¿å˜çš„间隔时间å¯ä»¥åœ¨<menuchoice>
<guimenu>编辑</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>首选项</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>（&mac; 上的<menuchoice>
+ </menuchoice>（&mac;上的<menuchoice>
<guimenu>GnuCash</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>首选项</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>）ä¸çš„<guilabel>通用</guilabel>选项å¡ä¸‹è®¾ç½®ã€‚注æ„æ¤é€‰é¡¹åªæœ‰åœ¨ä½ 以<acronym>XML</acronym>æ ¼å¼ä¿å˜æ—¶æ‰æœ‰æ„ä¹‰ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ åœ¨ä½¿ç”¨æ•°æ®åº“，<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>按钮和<guimenuitem>ä¿å˜</guimenuitem>èœå•é¡¹å‘ˆç°è‰²ï¼Œå› 为更改会立刻ä¿å˜ã€‚</para>
+ </menuchoice>）ä¸çš„<guilabel>通用</guilabel>选项å¡ä¸‹è®¾ç½®ã€‚注æ„æ¤é€‰é¡¹åªæœ‰åœ¨ä½ 以<acronym>XML</acronym>æ ¼å¼ä¿å˜æ—¶æ‰æœ‰æ„ä¹‰ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æ£åœ¨ä½¿ç”¨æ•°æ®åº“，则åšå‡ºçš„更改会立å³ä¿å˜ï¼Œå› æ¤<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>按钮和<guimenuitem>ä¿å˜</guimenuitem>èœå•é¡¹å‘ˆç°è‰²ã€‚</para>
</note></para>
</sect2>
@@ -931,50 +922,54 @@ Translators:
<guimenu>文件</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>打开</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>。在弹出的窗å£ä¸ï¼Œé€‰æ‹©
- <guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ é€‰æ‹©äº†
- <guilabel>文件</guilabel>，在下方的é¢æ¿æµè§ˆæ–‡ä»¶å¤¹é€‰æ‹©ä½ 想打开的文件；å¦åˆ™ï¼Œè¾“入所需的<guilabel>æ•°æ®åº“连接</guilabel>ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚</para>
+ <guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ é€‰æ‹©äº†<guilabel>文件</guilabel>，则在下方的é¢æ¿æµè§ˆæ–‡ä»¶å¤¹é€‰æ‹©ä½ 想打开的文件；å¦åˆ™ï¼Œè¾“入所需的<guilabel>æ•°æ®åº“连接</guilabel>ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚</para>
<tip>
- <para>&app;记录最近打开的文件列表。打开<guilabel>文件</guilabel>èœå•ï¼Œèœå•å†…列出了最近打开过的文件的åç§°ã€‚ç‚¹å‡»ä»¥è½½å…¥ä½ æƒ³æ‰“å¼€çš„æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+ <para>&app;记录最近打开的文件列表。打开<guilabel>文件</guilabel>èœå•ï¼Œèœå•å†…列出了最近打开过的文件åç§°ã€‚ç‚¹å‡»ä»¥è½½å…¥ä½ æƒ³æ‰“å¼€çš„æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
</tip>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="basics-expt-acct">
- <title>å¤åˆ¶ç§‘目层次</title>
+ <title>å¤åˆ¶ç§‘目层次结构</title>
- <para>æŸäº›æƒ…况下，将现有数æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„结构å¤åˆ¶åˆ°æ–°æ–‡ä»¶å¯èƒ½å¾ˆæœ‰ç”¨ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½æƒ³åœ¨ä¸ç ´å实际会计数æ®çš„情况下å°è¯•æ–°çš„ä¼šè®¡æŠ€æœ¯ï¼Œæˆ–è€…ä½ å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦æ ¹æ®ä¼šè®¡å‡†åˆ™åœ¨å¹´æœ«ç»ˆç»“当å‰è´¦ç°¿å¹¶ä»¥ç©ºç™½è´¦ç°¿å¼€å§‹æ–°ä¸€å¹´çš„会计工作。</para>
+ <para>æŸäº›æƒ…况下，将现有数æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„结构å¤åˆ¶åˆ°æ–°æ–‡ä»¶å¯èƒ½å¾ˆæœ‰ç”¨ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½ä¼šæƒ³åœ¨ä¸ç ´å实际会计数æ®çš„情况下å°è¯•æ–°çš„会计技能，或是需è¦æ ¹æ®ä¼šè®¡å‡†åˆ™åœ¨å¹´æœ«ç»ˆç»“当å‰è´¦ç°¿å¹¶ä»¥ç©ºç™½è´¦ç°¿å¼€å§‹æ–°ä¸€å¹´çš„会计工作。</para>
- <para>&app;能够创建科目表的空副本，åªéœ€é€‰æ‹©ï¼š<menuchoice>
+ <para>&app;èƒ½å¤Ÿåˆ›å»ºç§‘ç›®æ ‘çš„ç©ºç™½å‰¯æœ¬ï¼Œåªéœ€é€‰æ‹©ï¼š<menuchoice>
<guimenu>文件</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>导出</guisubmenu>
- <guimenuitem>导出科目表</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>ã€‚å½“ä½ é€‰æ‹©æ¤å‘½ä»¤æ—¶ï¼Œ&app;会è¦æ±‚ä½ æ供新的空白文件的å称并创建一个新的数æ®æ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œå…¶ä¸ä»…包å«ç§‘目结构（å³ä¸å«äº¤æ˜“æ•°æ®ï¼‰ã€‚一旦ä¿å˜ï¼Œæ–°æ–‡ä»¶èƒ½å¤Ÿåƒå…¶å®ƒ&app;æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ä¸€æ ·ä»¥ä¸Šæ–‡æ‰€è¿°çš„方法打开。</para>
+ <guimenuitem>导出科目</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>。选择æ¤å‘½ä»¤åŽï¼Œ&app;会è¦æ±‚ä½ æ供新的空白文件的å称，éšåŽ&app;会创建一个新的数æ®æ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œå…¶ä¸ä»…包å«ç§‘目层次结构（å³ä¸å«äº¤æ˜“æ•°æ®ï¼‰ã€‚一旦ä¿å˜ï¼Œæ–°æ–‡ä»¶å°±èƒ½åƒå…¶å®ƒ&app;æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ä¸€æ ·ä»¥ä¸Šæ–‡æ‰€è¿°çš„方法打开。</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="basics-backup1">
<title>备份与æ¢å¤æ•°æ®</title>
- <para>&app;创建多ç§ç±»åž‹çš„文件，以帮助确ä¿ä½ çš„æ•°æ®ä¸ä¼šä¸¢å¤±ã€‚如果查看ä¿å˜çš„文件所在的文件夹，å¯èƒ½ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°ç”±&app;生æˆçš„具有以下扩展å的其他文件：
- <filename>.gnucash</filename>, <filename>.log</filename>,
- <filename>.LCK</filename>, <filename>.LNK</filename>。æ¯ç§æ–‡ä»¶çš„作用如下：</para>
+ <para>&app;会创建多ç§ç±»åž‹çš„æ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œå¸®åŠ©ä½ ç¡®ä¿æ•°æ®ä¸ä¼šä¸¢å¤±ã€‚ä½ å¦‚æžœæŸ¥çœ‹ä¿å˜çš„文件的所在文件夹，å¯èƒ½ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°ç”±&app;生æˆçš„具有以下扩展å的其他文件：<filename>.gnucash</filename>ã€<filename>.log</filename>ã€<filename>.LCK</filename>ã€<filename>.LNK</filename>。æ¯ç§æ–‡ä»¶çš„作用如下：</para>
<note>
<para>ä¸‹æ–‡ä»…å½“ä½ ä»¥<acronym>XML</acronym>æ ¼å¼ä¿å˜æ—¶æ‰é€‚用：</para>
</note>
- <programlisting>$ ls myfile.gnucash myfile.gnucash.20100414185747.gnucash
- myfile.gnucash.20100414223248.log myfile.gnucash.20100415114340.gnucash
- myfile.gnucash.20100415154508.log myfile.gnucash.20100415173322.gnucash
- myfile.gnucash.20100415194251.log myfile.gnucash.7f0982.12093.LNK
- myfile.gnucash.LCK</programlisting>
+<programlisting>
+ $ ls
+ myfile.gnucash
+ myfile.gnucash.20100414185747.gnucash
+ myfile.gnucash.20100414223248.log
+ myfile.gnucash.20100415114340.gnucash
+ myfile.gnucash.20100415154508.log
+ myfile.gnucash.20100415173322.gnucash
+ myfile.gnucash.20100415194251.log
+ myfile.gnucash.7f0982.12093.LNK
+ myfile.gnucash.LCK
+ </programlisting>
<sect2 id="basics-backupxac2">
- <title>备份文件 (.gnucash)</title>
+ <title>备份文件（<filename>.gnucash</filename>）</title><!-- ToDoZ: æ”¹åˆ°è‹±æ–‡ç‰ˆä¸ -->
- <para>æ¯å½“ä½ ä¿å˜æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶æ—¶ï¼Œä¸€ä¸ªå…·æœ‰æ‰©å±•å<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>的备份副本也会ä¿å˜ã€‚æ¤å¤‡ä»½æ–‡ä»¶æ˜¯å…ˆå‰æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„完整副本，文件命åæ ¼å¼æ¶‰åŠæ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶å称ã€å¹´ã€æœˆã€æ—¥å’Œå¤‡ä»½æ—¶é—´ã€‚例如，文件å<filename>myfile.gnucash.20100414185747.gnucash</filename>表明这是在2010å¹´4月14日下åˆ6:57:47ä¿å˜çš„文件<filename>myfile</filename>的备份副本。</para>
+ <para>æ¯å½“ä½ ä¿å˜æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶æ—¶ï¼Œä¸€ä¸ªæ‰©å±•å为<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>的备份副本也会ä¿å˜ã€‚æ¤å¤‡ä»½æ–‡ä»¶æ˜¯å…ˆå‰æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„完整副本，文件命åæ ¼å¼æ¶‰åŠæ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶å称ã€å¹´ã€æœˆã€æ—¥å’Œå¤‡ä»½æ—¶é—´ã€‚例如，文件å<filename>myfile.gnucash.20100414185747.gnucash</filename>表明这是在2010å¹´4月14日下åˆ6:57:47ä¿å˜çš„文件<filename>myfile</filename>的备份副本。</para>
- <para>è¦æ¢å¤æ—§çš„备份文件，åªéœ€æ‰“å¼€å…·æœ‰ä½ æƒ³è¦çš„日期的<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>文件，å†ä»¥ä¸åŒçš„文件åä¿å˜æ¤æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+ <para>è¦æ¢å¤æ—§çš„备份文件，åªéœ€æ‰“开具有所需的日期的<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>文件，å†ä»¥ä¸åŒçš„文件åä¿å˜æ¤æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
<!--
<note>
<para><filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.xac</filename> instead of the actual
@@ -988,7 +983,7 @@ Translators:
</sect2>
<sect2 id="basics-backuplog2">
- <title>日志文件 （.log）</title>
+ <title>日志文件（<filename>.log</filename>）</title>
<para>æ¯æ¬¡åœ¨&app;ä¸æ‰“开并编辑文件，&app;就会创建日志文件，记录对数æ®æ–‡ä»¶åšå‡ºçš„修改。日志文件使用与备份文件相似的命åæ ¼å¼ï¼š<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.log</filename>。日志文件ä¸æ˜¯å¯¹æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„完整备份，而åªæ˜¯ç®€å•åœ°è®°å½•åœ¨å½“å‰&app;会è¯ä¸å¯¹æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ä½œå‡ºçš„修改。</para>
@@ -1000,26 +995,25 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>进入<menuchoice>
+ <para>点击<menuchoice>
<guimenu>文件</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>导入</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>é‡æ”¾ &appname; .log 文件</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice> å¹¶é€‰æ‹©ä¸€ä¸ªä¸Žä½ åˆšæ‰“å¼€çš„æ–‡ä»¶æ—¥æœŸç›¸åŒçš„<filename>.log</filename> 文件。确ä¿ä½ 选择了æ£ç¡®çš„ <filename>.log</filename>文件，å¦åˆ™å¯èƒ½ä¼šå¯¹ä½ çš„ç§‘ç›®é€ æˆå·¨å¤§çš„ç ´å。</para>
+ </menuchoice> ï¼Œé€‰æ‹©ä¸€ä¸ªä¸Žä½ åˆšæ‰æ‰“开的文件日期相åŒçš„<filename>.log</filename> 文件。确ä¿ä½ 选择了æ£ç¡®çš„ <filename>.log</filename>文件，å¦åˆ™å¯èƒ½ä¼šå¯¹ä½ 的科目数æ®é€ æˆå·¨å¤§çš„æŸå。</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
- <para>日志é‡æ”¾ä¼šæ¢å¤è‡ªä»Žæœ€è¿‘一次ä¿å˜åŽè¾“入的任何影å“科目余é¢çš„交易，包括由计划交易和商业功能（如开具å‘票ã€è®¢å•ç®¡ç†ç‰ï¼‰åˆ›å»ºçš„交易。</para>
+ <para>日志é‡æ”¾ä¼šæ¢å¤è‡ªæœ€è¿‘一次ä¿å˜åŽè¾“入的任何影å“科目余é¢çš„交易，包括由计划交易和ä¼ä¸šåŠŸèƒ½ï¼ˆå¦‚开具å‘票ã€è®¢å•ç®¡ç†ç‰ï¼‰åˆ›å»ºçš„交易。</para>
<warning>
- <para>ä¸ä¼šæ¢å¤å¯¹è®¡åˆ’交易ã€å¼€å…·å‘票ã€æˆ–订å•ç®¡ç†åŠŸèƒ½è‡ªèº«çš„修改，并且由之创建的交易在æ¢å¤åŽå¯èƒ½ä¸ä¼šæ°å½“地与之关è”ï¼Œå› æ¤éœ€è¦äºŒæ¬¡æ£€æŸ¥ã€‚ç‰¹åˆ«æ˜¯å¯¹äºŽå•†ä¸šäº¤æ˜“ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦åˆ 除并é‡æ–°åˆ›å»ºéƒ¨åˆ†äº¤æ˜“ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸è¿™æ ·åšï¼Œå°½ç®¡ç§‘目余é¢å¯èƒ½æ£ç¡®ï¼Œä½†ä¸€äº›æŠ¥è¡¨å¯èƒ½ä¸ä¼šæ£ç¡®æ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚</para>
+ <para>ä¸ä¼šæ¢å¤å¯¹è®¡åˆ’交易ã€å¼€å…·å‘票或订å•ç®¡ç†åŠŸèƒ½è‡ªèº«çš„修改，并且由之创建的交易在æ¢å¤åŽå¯èƒ½ä¸ä¼šæ°å½“地与之关è”ï¼Œå› æ¤éœ€è¦äºŒæ¬¡æ£€æŸ¥ã€‚特别是对于ä¼ä¸šäº¤æ˜“ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦åˆ 除并é‡æ–°åˆ›å»ºéƒ¨åˆ†äº¤æ˜“。如果ä¸è¿™æ ·åšï¼Œå°½ç®¡ç§‘目余é¢å¯èƒ½æ£ç¡®ï¼Œä½†ä¸€äº›æŠ¥è¡¨å¯èƒ½ä¸ä¼šæ£ç¡®æ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚</para>
</warning>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="basics-backuplock2">
- <title>é”定文件 （.LNK å’Œ .LCK）</title>
+ <title>é”定文件（<filename>.LNK</filename>å’Œ<filename>.LCK</filename>）</title>
- <para>ä½ å¯èƒ½ä¼šå¶ç„¶çœ‹åˆ°<filename>.LNK</filename>å’Œ
- <filename>.LCK</filename>文件出现。它们ä¸å˜å‚¨ä»»ä½•æ•°æ®ï¼Œä»…用于防æ¢å¤šäºŽä¸€ä¸ªç”¨æˆ·åœ¨åŒä¸€æ—¶åˆ»æ‰“å¼€åŒä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚这些文件是在打开文件时自动创建的，当关é—&app;会è¯æˆ–打开å¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶æ—¶ï¼Œ&app;ä¼šåˆ é™¤<filename>.LNK</filename>å’Œ<filename>.LCK</filename>文件解é”å‰ä¸€ä¸ªæ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+ <para>ä½ å¯èƒ½ä¼šå¶ç„¶çœ‹åˆ°<filename>.LNK</filename>å’Œ<filename>.LCK</filename>文件出现。它们ä¸å˜å‚¨ä»»ä½•æ•°æ®ï¼Œä»…用于防æ¢å¤šä¸ªç”¨æˆ·åœ¨åŒä¸€æ—¶åˆ»æ‰“å¼€åŒä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚这些文件是在打开文件时自动创建的，当关é—&app;会è¯æˆ–打开å¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶æ—¶ï¼Œ&app;ä¼šåˆ é™¤<filename>.LNK</filename>å’Œ<filename>.LCK</filename>文件以解é”å‰ä¸€ä¸ªæ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
<para>å¦‚æžœåœ¨ä½ å·²ç»æ‰“开了数æ®æ–‡ä»¶æ—¶&app;崩溃了，<filename>.LCK</filename>å’Œ<filename>.LNK</filename>文件ä¸ä¼šè¢«åˆ 除。在下一次å°è¯•æ‰“å¼€&app;时，会弹出è¦å‘Šæ¶ˆæ¯æ示文件已被é”定。之所以弹出è¦å‘Šæ¶ˆæ¯æ˜¯ç”±äºŽ<filename>.LNK</filename>å’Œ<filename>.LCK</filename>文件ä»ç„¶å˜åœ¨äºŽç›®å½•ä¸ã€‚æ¤æ—¶é€‰æ‹©<guibutton>是</guibutton>æ‰“å¼€æ–‡ä»¶æ˜¯å®‰å…¨çš„ï¼Œä½†ä½ åº”è¯¥åˆ é™¤<filename>.LCK</filename>æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚ä¸€æ—¦æ–‡ä»¶è¢«åˆ é™¤ï¼Œå°†ä¸ä¼šå¼¹å‡ºè¦å‘Šæ¶ˆæ¯ï¼Œé™¤éž&app;å†æ¬¡å´©æºƒã€‚</para>
</sect2>
@@ -1027,7 +1021,7 @@ Translators:
<sect2 id="basics-backupmanage2">
<title>文件管ç†</title>
- <para>æ‰€ä»¥ä½ åˆ°åº•åº”è¯¥ä¿ç•™å“ªä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ï¼Ÿå½“然是ä¿ç•™ä½ 的主数æ®æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚ä¿ç•™éƒ¨åˆ†æœ€è¿‘çš„<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>备份文件是ä¸é”™çš„åšæ³•ï¼Œä½ 也å¯ä»¥å®‰å…¨åœ°åˆ 除<filename>.log</filename>æ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œå› ä¸ºä»–ä»¬ä¸æ˜¯æ•°æ®çš„完整副本。 </para>
+ <para>所以到底应该ä¿ç•™å“ªä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶å‘¢ï¼Ÿå½“然是ä¿ç•™ä½ 的主数æ®æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚ä¿ç•™éƒ¨åˆ†æœ€è¿‘çš„<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>备份文件也是妥当的åšæ³•ï¼Œä¸è¿‡å¯ä»¥å®‰å…¨åœ°åˆ 除<filename>.log</filename>æ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œå› ä¸ºå®ƒä»¬ä¸æ˜¯æ•°æ®çš„完整副本。 </para>
<!--
<note>
@@ -1041,7 +1035,7 @@ Translators:
<para>ä½ ä¹Ÿåº”è¯¥åœ¨å…³é—&app;åŽåˆ 除任何<filename>.LCK</filename>å’Œ<filename>.LNK</filename>文件 ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ å†³å®šæ‰‹åŠ¨å°†æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶å¤‡ä»½åˆ°å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç£ç›˜ï¼Œåªå¤‡ä»½ä¸»æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶å°±è¶³å¤Ÿäº†ï¼Œæ— 需处ç†<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>备份文件。</para>
<note>
- <para>一般情况下&app;ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨åˆ é™¤ä»»ä½•è¶…è¿‡30天的<filename>.log</filename>å’Œ
+ <para>一般情况下&app;ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨åˆ é™¤ä»»ä½•30天以å‰çš„<filename>.log</filename>å’Œ
<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>备份文件。å¯ä»¥åœ¨<menuchoice>
<guimenu>编辑</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>首选项</guimenuitem>
@@ -1061,21 +1055,22 @@ Translators:
<sect2 id="migrate-financial">
<title>è¿ç§»è´¢åŠ¡æ•°æ®</title>
- <para>è¿ç§»&app;的财务数æ®ç®€å•ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ çŸ¥é“<filename>.gnucash</filename>文件的ä¿å˜ä½ç½®ï¼Œåªéœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ–‡ä»¶ç®¡ç†å™¨å°†ä¹‹å¤åˆ¶è¿‡åŽ»ã€‚ä½ å¦‚æžœä¸è®°å¾—把它ä¿å˜åˆ°å“ªé‡Œäº†ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥åœ¨&app;ä¸æ‰“开它，在&app;ä¸å°†å®ƒä¿å˜åˆ°ä½ 想è¦çš„路径下。</para>
+ <para>è¿ç§»&app;的财务数æ®å¾ˆç®€å•ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ çŸ¥é“<filename>.gnucash</filename>文件的ä¿å˜ä½ç½®ï¼Œåªéœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ–‡ä»¶ç®¡ç†å™¨æŠŠå®ƒå¤åˆ¶è¿‡åŽ»ã€‚ä½ å¦‚æžœä¸è®°å¾—把它ä¿å˜åˆ°å“ªé‡Œäº†ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥åœ¨&app;ä¸æ‰“开它，在&app;ä¸å°†å®ƒä¿å˜åˆ°ä½ 需è¦çš„路径下。</para>
- <para>文件夹ä¸æ‰€æœ‰å…¶å®ƒçš„文件是备份文件或日志文件。一åŒå¤åˆ¶å®ƒä»¬ä¸ä¼šæœ‰ä»€ä¹ˆå±å®³ï¼Œä½†ä¹Ÿæ²¡ä»€ä¹ˆå¿…è¦ã€‚</para>
+ <para>文件夹ä¸å…¶å®ƒæ‰€æœ‰æ–‡ä»¶æ˜¯å¤‡ä»½æ–‡ä»¶æˆ–日志文件。一åŒæŠŠå®ƒä»¬å¤åˆ¶è¿‡åŽ»ä¸ä¼šæœ‰ä»€ä¹ˆå±å®³ï¼Œä½†ä¹Ÿæ²¡ä»€ä¹ˆå¿…è¦ã€‚</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="migrate-prefs">
<title>è¿ç§»é¦–选项数æ®</title>
- <para>首选项å˜å‚¨åœ¨ä¸‰ä¸ªä¸åŒçš„ä½ç½®ï¼šä¸€å¤„用于&app;首选项，一处用于报告，一处用于网银设置。首选项由<application>gsettings</application>管ç†ï¼ŒæŠ¥å‘Šç”±&app;自身管ç†ï¼Œç½‘银由<application>aqbanking</application>管ç†ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸ä½¿ç”¨ç½‘银功能，计算机ä¸ä¸ä¼šå˜åœ¨ç›¸åº”的文件夹。</para>
+ <para>首选项å˜å‚¨åœ¨ä¸‰å¤„ä¸åŒçš„ä½ç½®ï¼šä¸€å¤„用于&app;首选项，一处用于报告，一处用于网上银行设置。应用首选项由<application>gsettings</application>管ç†ï¼ŒæŠ¥å‘Šç”±&app;自身管ç†ï¼Œç½‘上银行由<application>aqbanking</application>管ç†ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸ä½¿ç”¨ç½‘上银行功能，计算机ä¸ä¸ä¼šå˜åœ¨ç›¸åº”的文件夹。</para>
<para>&app;首选项的å˜å‚¨ä½ç½®éšæ“作系统的ä¸åŒè€Œä¸åŒï¼ˆå‚è§<xref linkend="App-sett-loc"/>ã€<xref
linkend="Report-loc"/>å’Œ<xref linkend="OB-sett-loc"/>）。è¦å¤‡ä»½å¹¶ç§»åŠ¨ä½ çš„æ•´ä¸ªå®‰è£…ï¼Œä½ å¿…é¡»åŒæ—¶å¤åˆ¶è¿™äº›é¦–选项。</para>
<table id="App-sett-loc">
- <title>应用首选项ä½ç½®</title>
+ <title>应用首选项的ä½ç½®</title>
+ <!-- ToDoZ: 英文首选项vs应用首选项 -->
<tgroup align="left" cols="2">
<thead>
@@ -1109,7 +1104,7 @@ Translators:
&win;
</entry>
- <entry>首选项å˜å‚¨åœ¨&win;注册表ä¸
+ <entry>首选项å˜å‚¨åœ¨&win;注册表ä¸çš„
<filename
class="directory">HKEY_CURRENT_USER/software/GSettings</filename></entry>
</row>
@@ -1118,7 +1113,7 @@ Translators:
</table>
<table id="Report-loc">
- <title>ä¿å˜çš„报告ä½ç½®</title>
+ <title>å·²ä¿å˜æŠ¥å‘Šçš„ä½ç½®</title>
<tgroup align="left" cols="2">
<thead>
@@ -1168,7 +1163,7 @@ Translators:
</table>
<table id="OB-sett-loc">
- <title>网银设置ä½ç½®</title>
+ <title>网上银行设置的ä½ç½®</title>
<tgroup align="left" cols="2">
<thead>
@@ -1217,7 +1212,7 @@ Translators:
</note>
<tip>
- <para>在Unixå’Œ&mac;上，<keycap>~</keycap>符å·ä»£è¡¨<filename class="directory">home</filename>文件夹。</para>
+ <para>在Unixå’Œ&mac;上，<filename>~</filename>符å·ä»£è¡¨<filename class="directory">home</filename>文件夹。</para>
</tip>
</sect2>
</sect1>
@@ -1226,7 +1221,7 @@ Translators:
<title>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</title>
<note>
- <para>这一部分是教程的开头，教程会贯穿整部指å—。在æ¯ä¸€ç« 的结æŸï¼Œä½ 都会看到<guilabel>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</guilabel>ä¸€èŠ‚ï¼Œå®ƒä¼šå¸¦é¢†ä½ é€šè¿‡å®žé™…æ“作形象地说明å‰æ–‡ä»‹ç»çš„相关概念。æ¯èŠ‚<guilabel>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</guilabel>都会在å‰ä¸€éƒ¨åˆ†çš„基础上更进一æ¥ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥è¯·å°†ä½ 的文件ä¿å˜åˆ°æ˜“于访问的地方。</para>
+ <para>这一部分开å¯äº†è´¯ç©¿æ•´éƒ¨æŒ‡å—的教程。在æ¯ä¸€ç« 的结æŸï¼Œä½ 都会看到<guilabel>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</guilabel>ä¸€èŠ‚ï¼Œå®ƒä¼šå¸¦é¢†ä½ é€šè¿‡å®žé™…æ“作形象地体会å‰æ–‡ä»‹ç»çš„相关概念。æ¯èŠ‚<guilabel>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</guilabel>都会在å‰ä¸€éƒ¨åˆ†çš„基础上更进一æ¥ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥è¯·å°†ä½ 的文件ä¿å˜åˆ°æ–¹ä¾¿è®¿é—®çš„地方。</para>
</note>
<para>现在开始ï¼</para>
@@ -1237,7 +1232,7 @@ Translators:
<guimenu>文件</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>新建</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>。这会å¯åŠ¨<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导，能够一次创建数个科目。</para>
+ </menuchoice>。这会å¯åŠ¨<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导，能够一次创建数个科目。</para><!-- ToDoZ: 新建层级科目ä¸è¡Œ -->
<!--
<note>
@@ -1263,17 +1258,17 @@ Translators:
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第一个界é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第一个页é¢ã€‚</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>å‘导的第一个界é¢æ述了å‘导的功能。点击<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮进入到下一个界é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>å‘导的第一个页é¢æ述了其功能。点击<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮进入到下一个页é¢ã€‚</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>在第二个界é¢ï¼Œé€šè¿‡ä¸åŒçš„æ ‡ç¾é¡µè®¾ç½®<guilabel>新账簿选项</guilabel>，然åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>æŒ‰é’®ã€‚ä½ ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ç¨åŽä½¿ç”¨<menuchoice>
+ <para>在第二个页é¢ï¼Œé€šè¿‡ä¸åŒçš„选项å¡è®¾ç½®<guilabel>新账簿选项</guilabel>，然åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>æŒ‰é’®ã€‚ä½ ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ç¨åŽä½¿ç”¨<menuchoice>
<guimenu>文件</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>属性</guimenuitem>
@@ -1290,7 +1285,7 @@ Translators:
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第二个界é¢ï¼Œå…¶ä¸å¯è®¾ç½®<guilabel>账簿选项</guilabel>。</para>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第二个页é¢ï¼Œå…¶ä¸å¯è®¾ç½®<guilabel>账簿选项</guilabel>。</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
@@ -1298,14 +1293,14 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>在第三个界é¢ï¼Œä»Žä¸‹æ‹‰åˆ—表ä¸é€‰æ‹©è¦ç”¨äºŽæ–°ç§‘目的å¸ç§ï¼Œç„¶åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮。</para>
+ <para>在第三个页é¢ï¼Œä»Žä¸‹æ‹‰åˆ—表ä¸é€‰æ‹©è¦ç”¨äºŽæ–°ç§‘目的货å¸ï¼Œç„¶åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮。</para>
<note>
- <para>在æ¤å¤„选择的å¸ç§ï¼Œä¼šæŒ‡å®šä¸ºæ‰€æœ‰ç”±æ¤å‘导创建的科目所使用的å¸ç§ã€‚</para>
+ <para>在æ¤å¤„选择的货å¸ä¼šè¢«æŒ‡å®šä¸ºæ‰€æœ‰ç”±æ¤å‘导创建的科目所使用的货å¸ã€‚</para>
</note>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>新建层级科目：å¸ç§é€‰æ‹©</title>
+ <title>新建层级科目：货å¸é€‰æ‹©</title>
<screenshot id="basics-NewAccountHierarchySetup-currency">
<mediaobject>
@@ -1320,7 +1315,7 @@ Translators:
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第三个界é¢ï¼Œæ¤å¤„å¯é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>å¸ç§</guilabel>。</para>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第三个页é¢ï¼Œæ¤å¤„å¯é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>è´§å¸</guilabel>。</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
@@ -1328,10 +1323,10 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>在第四个界é¢ä¸ï¼Œåœ¨<guilabel>模æ¿</guilabel>é¢æ¿ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>通用科目</guilabel>科目组。å†ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮进入下一界é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>在第四个页é¢ä¸ï¼Œåœ¨<guilabel>模æ¿</guilabel>é¢æ¿ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>通用科目</guilabel>科目组。å†ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮进入下一页é¢ã€‚</para>
<note>
- <para>若需è¦ï¼Œå¯åœ¨æ¤é€‰æ‹©ä¸€ä¸ªæˆ–多个预定义的科目组。有关科目类型的更多信æ¯å¯è§<xref linkend="accts-types1"/>。</para>
+ <para>若需è¦ï¼Œå¯åœ¨æ¤é€‰æ‹©ä¸€ä¸ªæˆ–多个预定义的科目模æ¿ã€‚有关科目类型的更多信æ¯å¯è§<xref linkend="accts-types1"/>。</para>
</note>
<figure pgwide="1">
@@ -1350,7 +1345,7 @@ Translators:
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第四个界é¢ï¼Œæ¤å¤„å¯é€‰æ‹©å¤šä¸ª<guilabel>科目</guilabel>。</para>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第四个页é¢ï¼Œæ¤å¤„å¯é€‰æ‹©å¤šä¸ª<guilabel>科目</guilabel>。</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
@@ -1358,7 +1353,7 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>在第五个界é¢ï¼Œå¯ä»¥è®¾ç½®æ¯ä¸€ç§‘目的<guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>，并指定科目是å¦ä¸º<guilabel>å ä½ç¬¦</guilabel>ã€‚è¿™äº›ç‰¹æ€§å°†åœ¨ä¸‹ä¸€ç« ä»‹ç»ï¼Œå½“å‰å…ˆä¸å¿…更改这些选项，然åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮进入æ¤å‘导的最åŽä¸€ä¸ªç•Œé¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>在第五个页é¢ï¼Œå¯ä»¥è®¾ç½®æ¯ä¸€ç§‘目的<guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>，并指定科目是å¦ä¸º<guilabel>å ä½ç¬¦</guilabel>ã€‚è¿™äº›åŠŸèƒ½å°†åœ¨ä¸‹ä¸€ç« ä»‹ç»ï¼Œå½“å‰å…ˆä¸å¿…更改这些选项。接下æ¥ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮进入æ¤å‘导的最åŽä¸€ä¸ªé¡µé¢ã€‚</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
<title>新建层级科目：科目设置</title>
@@ -1376,7 +1371,7 @@ Translators:
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第五个界é¢ï¼Œæ¤å¤„å¯è®¾ç½®<guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>。</para>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第五个页é¢ï¼Œæ¤å¤„å¯è®¾ç½®<guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>。</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
@@ -1384,7 +1379,7 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>在å‘导的最åŽä¸€ä¸ªç•Œé¢ä¸ï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>应用</guibutton>创建所有科目并离开å‘导。</para>
+ <para>在å‘导的最åŽä¸€ä¸ªé¡µé¢ä¸ï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>应用</guibutton>创建所有科目并离开å‘导。</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
<title>新建层级科目：完æˆ</title>
@@ -1402,7 +1397,7 @@ Translators:
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的最åŽä¸€ä¸ªç•Œé¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的最åŽä¸€ä¸ªé¡µé¢ã€‚</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
@@ -1410,12 +1405,13 @@ Translators:
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>在先å‰çš„窗å£ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>应用</guibutton>按钮åŽï¼Œä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¿å˜å¯¹è¯æ¡†ã€‚选择<acronym>XML</acronym> <guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>，文件<guilabel>å称</guilabel>为<filename>gcashdata_1</filename>，选择è¦ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶çš„文件夹（请记下æ¤ä¿å˜ä½ç½®ï¼Œå› 为数æ®æ–‡ä»¶è¿˜ä¼šåœ¨æœ¬æŒ‡å—åŽç»æ•™ç¨‹ä¸ç»§ç»ä½¿ç”¨ï¼‰ï¼Œæœ€åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>按钮。</para>
+ <para>在之å‰çš„窗å£ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>应用</guibutton>按钮åŽï¼Œä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¿å˜å¯¹è¯æ¡†ã€‚选择<acronym>XML</acronym><guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>，文件<guilabel>å称</guilabel>为<filename>gcashdata_1</filename>，选择è¦ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶çš„文件夹（请记下这里选择的ä¿å˜ä½ç½®ï¼Œå› 为这份数æ®æ–‡ä»¶è¿˜ä¼šåœ¨æœ¬æŒ‡å—åŽç»æ•™ç¨‹ä¸ç»§ç»ä½¿ç”¨ï¼‰ï¼Œæœ€åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>按钮。</para>
<para>现在，主窗å£å¦‚下所示：</para>
<figure pgwide="1">
- <title>教程：测试文件的åˆå§‹ç§‘目界é¢</title>
+ <title>教程：数æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„åˆå§‹ç§‘目窗å£</title>
+ <!-- ToDoZ: 对应英文 -->
<screenshot id="basics-EmptyAccounts">
<mediaobject>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_oview.xml b/zh/guide/ch_oview.xml
index e3ce82c8..6258c172 100644
--- a/zh/guide/ch_oview.xml
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_oview.xml
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@
<sect1 id="oview-intro1">
<title>介ç»</title>
- <para>&app;æ˜¯ä¸ºä½ è®¾è®¡çš„ä¸ªäººè´¢åŠ¡è½¯ä»¶åŒ…ã€‚ä»Žç®€å•çš„个人财务数æ®åˆ°å¤æ‚çš„ä¼ä¸šè´¢åŠ¡ç®¡ç†ï¼Œå®ƒéƒ½æ˜¯è·Ÿè¸ªè´¢åŠ¡ä¿¡æ¯çš„全能选手。它也是为数ä¸å¤šçš„å‡ æ¬¾æ”¯æŒå…¨çƒè´§å¸çš„财务软件之一，也是其ä¸å”¯ä¸€çš„å¼€æºè½¯ä»¶ã€‚ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œ&app;最大的优点，还是易于å¦ä¹ 使用。
+ <para>&app;是为æ¯ä¸ªäººè®¾è®¡çš„个人财务软件包。从简å•çš„个人财务数æ®åˆ°å¤æ‚çš„ä¼ä¸šè´¢åŠ¡ç®¡ç†ï¼Œå®ƒéƒ½æ˜¯è·Ÿè¸ªè´¢åŠ¡ä¿¡æ¯çš„全能选手。它是为数ä¸å¤šçš„å‡ æ¬¾æ”¯æŒå…¨çƒè´§å¸çš„财务软件之一，也是其ä¸å”¯ä¸€çš„å¼€æºè½¯ä»¶ã€‚ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œ&app;最大的优点，还是易于å¦ä¹ 使用。
</para>
- <para>所以，&app;å¯ä»¥å¸®ä½ 哪些忙呢？它å¯ä»¥è·Ÿè¸ªä½ 的个人财务数æ®ï¼Œæƒ³è¦å¤šä¹ˆè¯¦ç»†éƒ½å¯ä»¥ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ åˆšå¼€å§‹ä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨&app;è·Ÿè¸ªä½ çš„æ—¥å¸¸èŠ±é”€ã€‚éšåŽï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½å†³å®šä½¿ç”¨&app;跟踪现金出入和信用å¡è®°å½•çœ‹çœ‹é’±åˆ°åº•èŠ±å“ªå„¿äº†ã€‚åœ¨ä½ å¼€å§‹æŠ•èµ„ç†è´¢åŽï¼Œå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨&app;ç›‘æŽ§ä½ çš„æŠ•èµ„ç»„åˆã€‚买车或者买房å了？&app;ä¼šå¸®ä½ å®‰æŽ’æŠ•èµ„è®¡åˆ’ã€è·Ÿè¸ªè¿˜æ¬¾è®°å½•ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ çš„è´¢åŠ¡è®°å½•é布全çƒï¼Œ&app;也å¯æä¾›ä½ æ‰€éœ€çš„å¤šè´§å¸åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚
+ <para>所以，&app;å¯ä»¥å¸®ä½ 哪些忙呢？它å¯ä»¥è·Ÿè¸ªä½ 的个人财务数æ®ï¼Œæƒ³è¦å¤šä¹ˆè¯¦ç»†éƒ½å¯ä»¥ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ åˆšå¼€å§‹ä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨&app;è·Ÿè¸ªä½ çš„æ—¥å¸¸èŠ±é”€ã€‚éšåŽï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½å†³å®šä½¿ç”¨&app;跟踪现金收支和信用å¡è®°å½•çœ‹çœ‹é’±åˆ°åº•èŠ±å“ªå„¿äº†ã€‚åœ¨ä½ å¼€å§‹æŠ•èµ„ç†è´¢åŽï¼Œå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨&app;ç›‘æŽ§ä½ çš„æŠ•èµ„ç»„åˆã€‚买车或者买房å了？&app;ä¼šå¸®ä½ å®‰æŽ’æŠ•èµ„è®¡åˆ’ï¼Œè·Ÿè¸ªè¿˜æ¬¾è®°å½•ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ çš„è´¢åŠ¡è®°å½•è·¨è¶Šå¤šä¸ªå›½å®¶ï¼Œ&app;也æä¾›ä½ æ‰€éœ€çš„å¤šè´§å¸åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚
</para>
<figure>
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>&app;å分适åˆä¸ªäººè´¢åŠ¡ç®¡ç†ï¼Œä¸è¿‡å¯¹ä¼ä¸šç”¨æˆ·è€Œè¨€ä¹Ÿæ˜¯ç›¸å½“强大。从内置和应收账款与应付账款科目系统，到税务报表生æˆï¼Œ&app;åŒæ ·åŒ…å«è®¸å¤šä¼ä¸šåŠŸèƒ½ã€‚ä½ ä¼šå‘现这些功能，以åŠå…¶å®ƒè®¸å¤šä¼ä¸šåŠŸèƒ½éƒ½å分强大且易于使用。
+ <para>&app;å分适åˆä¸ªäººè´¢åŠ¡ç®¡ç†ï¼Œä¸è¿‡å¯¹ä¼ä¸šç”¨æˆ·è€Œè¨€ä¹Ÿæ˜¯ç›¸å½“强大。å¦è®¤æ˜¯å†…置的应收账款与应付账款科目系统，还是税务报表生æˆï¼Œ&app;åŒæ ·åŒ…å«è®¸å¤šä¼ä¸šåŠŸèƒ½ã€‚ä½ ä¼šå‘现这些功能，以åŠå…¶å®ƒè®¸å¤šä¼ä¸šåŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œå¼ºå¤§è€Œæ˜“用。
</para>
</sect1>
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>Quicken Import File (QIF)</emphasis>: Import Quicken <acronym>QIF</acronym> style files, a
+ <para><emphasis>Quicken Import File (QIF)</emphasis>: Quicken <acronym>QIF</acronym> style files, a
popular file format with many commercial personal finance software packages.
</para>
</listitem>
@@ -98,36 +98,29 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>Reports</emphasis>: &app; comes with over 30 prebuilt reports, including Account Summary,
- Income, Expenses, Transaction Report, Balance Sheet, Profit&Loss, Portfolio
- Valuation, and many others. Reports support graphical views of the data, including pie
- charts, bar charts, and scatter plots. The reports can be exported to
- <acronym>HTML</acronym> files, and are easily customized.
+ <para><emphasis>报表</emphasis>：&app;预置超过30款报表，包括科目汇总表ã€æ”¶å…¥è¡¨ã€è´¹ç”¨è¡¨ã€äº¤æ˜“汇总表ã€èµ„产负债表ã€æŸç›Šè¡¨ã€æŠ•èµ„组åˆä¼°å€¼ï¼Œä»¥åŠè®¸å¤šå…¶å®ƒæŠ¥è¡¨ã€‚报表能够绘出数æ®å›¾è¡¨ï¼ŒåŒ…括饼图ã€æ¡å½¢å›¾å’Œæ•£ç‚¹å›¾ã€‚报表å¯ä»¥å¯¼å‡ºä¸º<acronym>HTML</acronym>文件，也å¯ä»¥æ–¹ä¾¿åœ°è‡ªå®šä¹‰ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>Scheduled Transactions</emphasis>: &app; now has the ability to automatically create and
- enter transactions, or remind you when these transactions are due, giving you the choice
- of entering, postponing or removing the automated transaction.
+ <para><emphasis>计划交易</emphasis>：&app;现在支æŒè‡ªåŠ¨åˆ›å»ºå¹¶å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“，或æé†’ä½ ä»€ä¹ˆæ—¶å€™å°†è¦åˆ›å»ºè¿™äº›äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œå¹¶ç”±ä½ å†³å®šå½•å…¥ã€æŽ¨è¿Ÿè¿˜æ˜¯åˆ 除自动计划交易。
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>Mortgage and Loan Repayment Assistant</emphasis>: Used to set up a variable payment loan
- scheduled transaction.
+ <para><emphasis>贷款å¿è¿˜åŠ©æ‰‹Mortgage and Loan Repayment Assistant</emphasis>：用于设置å„å¼å„æ ·çš„è´·æ¬¾å¿è¿˜è®¡åˆ’交易。
+ <!-- ToDoZ: Used to set up a variable payment loan
+ scheduled transaction. variable 是什么æ„æ€ -->
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>Easy Account Reconciliation</emphasis>: Integrated reconciliation makes reconciling your
- &app; accounts with statements simple and effective.
+ <para><emphasis>è½»æ¾è¿›è¡Œç§‘目对账</emphasis>：&app;ä¸é›†æˆäº†å¯¹è´¦åŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œå°†&app;科目åŒé“¶è¡Œè´¦å•å¯¹è´¦çŽ°åœ¨ç®€å•åˆé«˜æ•ˆã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>Multi-platform Compatibility</emphasis>: &app; is supported on a variety of platforms and
- operating systems. The list of fully supported operating systems (and platforms) is for
+ <para><emphasis>多平å°å…¼å®¹</emphasis>：在多ç§å¹³å°å’Œæ“作系统上都å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨&app;。完全支æŒçš„æ“作系统和平å°æœ‰ï¼š
</para>
<variablelist>
@@ -177,17 +170,17 @@
<sect2 id="oview-featuresinvest2">
<title>跟踪投资</title>
- <para>&app;包å«è®¸å¤šæŠ•èµ„功能，å¯ä»¥åŠ©ä½ 跟踪æ¯ä¸€ç¬”投资。使用&app;ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ç‹¬ç«‹åœ°ï¼ˆä¸€æ”¯è‚¡ç¥¨å¯¹åº”一个科目），或是以科目组åˆçš„å½¢å¼ï¼ˆå¯ä»¥ä¸€å¹¶æ˜¾ç¤ºçš„一组科目）跟踪股票。
+ <para>&app;包å«è®¸å¤šæŠ•èµ„功能，å¯ä»¥å¸®åŠ©ä½ 跟踪æ¯ä¸€ç¬”投资。使用&app;ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ç‹¬ç«‹åœ°ï¼ˆä¸€æ”¯è‚¡ç¥¨å¯¹åº”一个科目），或是以科目组åˆçš„å½¢å¼ï¼ˆå¯ä»¥ä¸€å¹¶æ˜¾ç¤ºçš„一组科目）跟踪股票。
</para>
- <para>&app;支æŒåœ¨çº¿èŽ·å–è‚¡ç¥¨å’ŒåŸºé‡‘æŠ¥ä»·ã€‚è¿™æ ·ä¸€æ¥ï¼Œå°±å†ä¹Ÿä¸å¿…é€æ”¯è‚¡ç¥¨åœ°æŸ¥è¯¢æŠ¥ä»·ã€‚æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹å¯è‡ªåŠ¨æ‰§è¡Œï¼Œè¿™æ ·ä½ å°±å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°æœ€æ–°çš„股价了。
+ <para>&app;支æŒåœ¨çº¿èŽ·å–è‚¡ç¥¨å’ŒåŸºé‡‘æŠ¥ä»·ã€‚è¿™æ ·ä¸€æ¥ï¼Œå°±å†ä¹Ÿä¸å¿…é€æ”¯è‚¡ç¥¨åœ°æŸ¥è¯¢æŠ¥ä»·ã€‚æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹å¯ä»¥è‡ªåŠ¨æ‰§è¡Œï¼Œè¿™æ ·ä½ å°±å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°æœ€æ–°çš„股价了。
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="oview-featuresintl2">
<title>国际化支æŒ</title>
- <para>&app;æ— ç–‘æ˜¯ä¸€æ¬¾å¯ä»¥ç†è§£å¹¶å¸®åŠ©æ¥è‡ªå…¨ä¸–界用户的软件。其ä¸å†…置许多方便åŒå½“下国际化的世界打交é“的功能。
+ <para>&app;是一款å¯ä»¥ä¸ºæ¥è‡ªå…¨ä¸–界用户æ供帮助的软件。其ä¸å†…ç½®çš„è®¸åŠŸèƒ½èƒ½å¤Ÿæ–¹ä¾¿ä½ åœ¨å½“ä¸‹å›½é™…åŒ–çš„ä¸–ç•Œä¸æ¸¸åˆƒæœ‰ä½™ã€‚
</para>
<itemizedlist>
@@ -202,7 +195,7 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>å›½é™…åŒ–æ ¼å¼å¤„ç†</emphasis>：&app;明白ä¸åŒå›½å®¶ä¹¦å†™æ—¥æœŸä¸Žæ•°å—çš„æ ¼å¼ä¸å°½ç›¸åŒã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ä½ ä¹ æƒ¯çš„æ—¥æœŸä¸Žæ•°å—æ ¼å¼ã€‚
+ <para><emphasis>å›½é™…åŒ–æ ¼å¼å¤„ç†</emphasis>：&app;能够识别和处ç†ä¸åŒå›½å®¶ä¹¦å†™æ—¥æœŸä¸Žæ•°å—çš„æ ¼å¼ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ä½ ä¹ æƒ¯çš„æ—¥æœŸä¸Žæ•°å—æ ¼å¼ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
@@ -212,16 +205,16 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>在线汇率</emphasis>：使用&app;ï¼Œä½ å†ä¹Ÿä¸å¿…一次次地查询货å¸æ±‡çŽ‡ã€‚æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹å¯è‡ªåŠ¨æ‰§è¡Œï¼Œè¿™æ ·ä¸€æ¥ï¼Œ&app;总是å¯ä»¥å‘ä½ å±•ç¤ºæœ€æ–°æ±‡çŽ‡ä¸‹ä»¥ä½ å¸¸ç”¨è´§å¸è®¡ç®—的科目余é¢ã€‚
+ <para><emphasis>在线汇率</emphasis>：使用&app;ï¼Œä½ å†ä¹Ÿä¸å¿…一次次地查询货å¸æ±‡çŽ‡ã€‚æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹å¯è‡ªåŠ¨æ‰§è¡Œï¼Œè¿™æ ·ä¸€æ¥ï¼Œ&app;总是å¯ä»¥ä¸ºä½ å±•ç¤ºæœ€æ–°æ±‡çŽ‡ä¸‹ä»¥ä½ å¸¸ç”¨è´§å¸è®¡ç®—的科目余é¢ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="oview-featuresbus2">
- <title>ä¼ä¸šæ”¯æŒ</title>
+ <title>ä¼ä¸šåŠŸèƒ½æ”¯æŒ</title>
- <para>&app;ä¸çš„许多功能å¯ä»¥æ»¡è¶³ä¼ä¸šä¼šè®¡éœ€æ±‚。
+ <para>&app;ä¸çš„许多功能满足ä¼ä¸šä¼šè®¡éœ€æ±‚。
</para>
<itemizedlist>
@@ -240,7 +233,7 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>报表</emphasis>：&app;能够éšæ—¶ç”Ÿæˆå„å¼å„æ ·ã€èƒ½å¤Ÿç›´æŽ¥ä½¿ç”¨çš„商业报表。
+ <para><emphasis>报表</emphasis>：&app;能够éšæ—¶ç”Ÿæˆå„å¼å„æ ·ã€èƒ½å¤Ÿæ‹¿æ¥ç›´æŽ¥ä½¿ç”¨çš„商业报表。
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
@@ -249,7 +242,7 @@
<sect2 id="oview-featuresaccounting2">
<title>会计特性</title>
- <para>对那些了解会计工作的用户，下文列出了&app;的会计特性。
+ <para>了解会计工作的用户å¯èƒ½æƒ³è¦äº†è§£ä¸‹æ–‡åˆ—出的&app;会计特性。
</para>
<itemizedlist>
@@ -260,22 +253,22 @@
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>分录交易</emphasis>：
- 一项交易å¯ä»¥åˆ†æ‹†ä¸ºå‡ 部分，以记录税费ã€æœåŠ¡è´¹å’Œå…¶å®ƒåˆ©æ¯è®°å½•ã€‚
+ 一项交易å¯ä»¥åˆ†æ‹†ä¸ºå‡ 部分，用于记录税费ã€æœåŠ¡è´¹å’Œå…¶å®ƒåˆ†å½•ç»„åˆã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>科目表</emphasis>：一个主科目å¯ä»¥ä¸‹è®¾åˆ†ç§‘目以形æˆå±‚次结构。这一特性å¯ä»¥å°†çŽ°é‡‘ã€é“¶è¡Œã€è‚¡ç¥¨ç‰ç›¸ä¼¼çš„科目类型编组为<quote>资产</quote>è¿™æ ·çš„ä¸»ç§‘ç›®ã€‚
+ <para><emphasis>科目表</emphasis>：主科目å¯ä»¥ä¸‹è®¾åˆ†ç§‘目以形æˆå±‚次结构。这一特性å¯ä»¥å°†çŽ°é‡‘ã€é“¶è¡Œã€è‚¡ç¥¨ç‰ç›¸ä¼¼çš„科目类型编组为<quote>资产</quote>è¿™æ ·çš„ä¸»ç§‘ç›®ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>通用日志账本</emphasis>：这是一ç§å¯ä»¥åŒæ—¶æ˜¾ç¤ºå¤šä¸ªç§‘目的账簿窗å£ã€‚æ¤åŠŸèƒ½ä½¿æŸ¥æ˜Žå½•å…¥é”™è¯¯æ›´åŠ 简å•ã€‚它å¯ä»¥å°†ç”±è®¸å¤šè‚¡ç¥¨ç»„æˆçš„投资组åˆä¸çš„所有交易一åŒæ˜¾ç¤ºï¼Œä»¥ä¾¿æ·åœ°æµè§ˆæŠ•èµ„组åˆã€‚
+ <para><emphasis>通用日志账</emphasis>：这是一ç§å¯ä»¥åŒæ—¶æ˜¾ç¤ºå¤šä¸ªç§‘目的账簿窗å£ã€‚æ¤åŠŸèƒ½ä½¿æŸ¥æ˜Žå½•å…¥é”™è¯¯æ›´åŠ 简å•ã€‚它也å¯ä»¥å°†ç”±è®¸å¤šè‚¡ç¥¨ç»„æˆçš„投资组åˆä¸çš„所有交易一åŒæ˜¾ç¤ºï¼Œä¾¿äºŽæµè§ˆæŠ•èµ„组åˆã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><emphasis>收入ã€èŠ±è´¹ç§‘目类型</emphasis>ï¼šè¿™äº›ç§‘ç›®ç±»åž‹å°†ä½ çš„çŽ°é‡‘æµå½’类，在åˆç†ä½¿ç”¨å¤å¼è®°è´¦ç‰¹æ€§æ—¶ï¼Œèƒ½å¤Ÿç»™å‡ºå‡†ç¡®çš„æŸç›Šè¡¨ã€‚
+ <para><emphasis>收入ã€èŠ±è´¹ç§‘目类型</emphasis>ï¼šè¿™äº›ç§‘ç›®ç±»åž‹å°†ä½ çš„çŽ°é‡‘æµå½’类，当åˆç†ä½¿ç”¨å¤å¼è®°è´¦ç‰¹æ€§æ—¶ï¼Œèƒ½å¤Ÿç»™å‡ºå‡†ç¡®çš„æŸç›Šè¡¨ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
@@ -285,15 +278,13 @@
<sect1 id="oview-about1">
<title>关于本指å—</title>
- <para>æœ¬æ‰‹å†Œèƒ½å¤ŸèŠ‚çº¦ä½ çš„æ—¶é—´ï¼Œä¼šå°½å¿«å¸®åŠ©ä½ ä¸Šæ‰‹ä½¿ç”¨&app;。
+ <para>本指å—å°†å°½å¿«å¸®åŠ©ä½ ä¸Šæ‰‹ä½¿ç”¨&app;。
</para>
- <para>æ¯ä¸€ç« 都以一目了然的结构展开。æ¯ä¸€ç« 开始是对<quote>概念</quote>的讨论，介ç»æ•´ç« 使用的总体主题与术è¯ã€‚
- 接ç€ï¼Œæ˜¯<quote>怎么åš</quote>å°èŠ‚，会介ç»å…·ä½“çš„æ“作过程。
- 末尾，是<quote>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</quote>å°èŠ‚，会给出详尽具体的æ“作示例。
+ <para>æ¯ä¸€ç« 都以清晰明了的结构展开。æ¯ä¸€ç« 开始是对<quote>概念</quote>的讨论，介ç»æ•´ç« 涉åŠçš„æ ¸å¿ƒä¸»é¢˜å’Œæœ¯è¯ã€‚接ç€ï¼Œæ˜¯<quote>怎么åš</quote>å°èŠ‚，介ç»å…·ä½“çš„æ“作过程。末尾，是<quote>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</quote>å°èŠ‚，给出详尽具体的æ“作示例。
</para>
- <para>新用户会å‘现<quote>概念</quote>å°èŠ‚特别实用。这些å°èŠ‚会æ供跟踪个人财务的优秀åšæ³•ï¼Œä¹Ÿä¼šç®€è¦ä»‹ç»è´¢åŠ¡èƒŒæ™¯çŸ¥è¯†å’Œæœ¯è¯ã€‚有ç»éªŒçš„用户å¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥è·³åˆ°<quote>怎么åš</quote>å°èŠ‚快速æµè§ˆæ“作æ¥éª¤ã€‚这两个å°èŠ‚简明扼è¦åœ°ç»™å‡ºäº†å®Œæˆå…·ä½“任务的æ¥éª¤ã€‚<quote>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</quote>å°èŠ‚以æ“作说明的形å¼å±•ç¤ºäº†å®žé™…场景下的使用示例。从按<xref linkend="chapter_basics"></xref>所述创建的文件开始，åŽä¸€ç« 都在å‰ä¸€ç« æ“作说明的基础上更进一æ¥ã€‚
+ <para>新用户会å‘现<quote>概念</quote>å°èŠ‚特别实用。这些å°èŠ‚会展示跟踪个人财务的优秀åšæ³•ï¼Œä¹Ÿä¼šç®€è¦ä»‹ç»è´¢åŠ¡èƒŒæ™¯çŸ¥è¯†å’Œæœ¯è¯ã€‚有ç»éªŒçš„用户å¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥è·³åˆ°<quote>怎么åš</quote>å°èŠ‚快速æµè§ˆæ“作æ¥éª¤ã€‚这两个å°èŠ‚简明扼è¦åœ°ç»™å‡ºäº†å®Œæˆå…·ä½“任务的æ¥éª¤ã€‚<quote>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</quote>å°èŠ‚以æ“作说明的形å¼å±•ç¤ºäº†å®žé™…场景下的使用示例。在按<xref linkend="chapter_basics"></xref>所述创建文件之åŽï¼ŒåŽä¸€ç« 都在å‰ä¸€ç« æ“作说明的基础上更进一æ¥ã€‚
</para>
<para>本手册主è¦åˆ†ä¸ºä¸‰å¤§éƒ¨åˆ†ï¼š<itemizedlist>
@@ -312,32 +303,32 @@
</para>
<para><xref linkend="part.getting_started"/>
- æ供开始使用&app;所需的最基本信æ¯ã€‚è¿™éƒ¨åˆ†ç« èŠ‚é˜æ˜Žäº†ä½¿ç”¨&app;的最基本概念。&app;çš„æ–°ç”¨æˆ·åº”å½“ç†Ÿæ‚‰è¿™äº›ç« èŠ‚è®²è§£çš„å†…å®¹ï¼Œä»¥å°½å¿«ä¸Šæ‰‹å¹¶è¾¾åˆ°ç†Ÿç»ƒä½¿ç”¨&app;的水平。
+ æ供开始使用&app;所需的最基本信æ¯ã€‚è¿™éƒ¨åˆ†ç« èŠ‚ä»‹ç»ä½¿ç”¨&app;çš„æ ¸å¿ƒæ¦‚å¿µã€‚&app;çš„æ–°ç”¨æˆ·åº”å½“ç†Ÿæ‚‰è¿™éƒ¨åˆ†ç« èŠ‚è®²è§£çš„å†…å®¹ï¼Œä»¥å°½å¿«ä¸Šæ‰‹å¹¶è¾¾åˆ°ç†Ÿç»ƒä½¿ç”¨&app;的水平。
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
- <para><xref linkend="chapter_oview"></xref> - ï¼ˆä¹Ÿå°±æ˜¯ä½ æ£åœ¨è¯»çš„è¿™ä¸€ç« ï¼‰å¤§è‡´ä»‹ç»äº†&app;的基本情况。
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_oview"></xref> â€”â€”ï¼ˆä¹Ÿå°±æ˜¯ä½ åœ¨è¯»çš„è¿™ä¸€ç« ï¼‰å¤§è‡´ä»‹ç»äº†&app;的基本情况。
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><xref linkend="chapter_basics"></xref> -
- è¿™ä¸€ç« ç›¸å½“ç®€è¦åœ°ä»‹ç»äº†ä¼šè®¡å‡†åˆ™ï¼Œå¹¶ä»‹ç»äº†&app;如何组织其数æ®ã€‚å¦å¤–对&app;的基本界é¢æž„æˆä¹Ÿæœ‰è¯´æ˜Žã€‚最åŽï¼Œæ¤ç« 解释了&app;如何å˜å‚¨ä¸Žç®¡ç†ä½ çš„æ•°æ®ã€‚
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_basics"></xref> ——
+ è¿™ä¸€ç« ç®€è¦åœ°ä»‹ç»äº†ä¼šè®¡å‡†åˆ™ï¼Œå¹¶ä»‹ç»äº†&app;如何组织其数æ®ã€‚å¦å¤–也说明了&app;的基本界é¢æž„æˆã€‚最åŽï¼Œæ¤ç« 解释了&app;如何å˜å‚¨ä¸Žç®¡ç†ä½ çš„æ•°æ®ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><xref linkend="chapter_accts"></xref> - 更具体地介ç»äº†ç§‘目的概念，以åŠç»„织科目的方法。
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_accts"></xref> —— 更具体地介ç»äº†ç§‘目的概念，以åŠç»„织科目的方法。
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref> - 介ç»äº†äº¤æ˜“的基本概念，以åŠå½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“的方法。
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref> —— 介ç»äº†äº¤æ˜“的基本概念，以åŠå½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“的方法。
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
- <para><xref linkend="part.managing_personal"/>æ›´åŠ è¯¦ç»†åœ°ä»‹ç»äº†&app;的常è§åº”ç”¨ä¸ŽåŠŸèƒ½ã€‚ä½ ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°æ›´è¯¦å°½çš„ä½¿ç”¨ç¤ºä¾‹ï¼Œè¿™äº›ç¤ºä¾‹éƒ½æ˜¯æ ¹æ®å°†&app;应用到日常场景时常常会é‡åˆ°çš„问题给出的。下é¢æ˜¯è¿™ä¸€éƒ¨åˆ†æ¶‰åŠçš„应用与功能：
+ <para><xref linkend="part.managing_personal"/>æ›´åŠ è¯¦ç»†åœ°ä»‹ç»äº†&app;的常è§åŠŸèƒ½ä¸Žåº”用。其ä¸æä¾›äº†æ›´è¯¦å°½çš„ä½¿ç”¨ç¤ºä¾‹ï¼Œè¿™äº›ç¤ºä¾‹éƒ½æ˜¯æ ¹æ®æ—¥å¸¸åœºæ™¯ä¸åº”用&app;时常常会é‡åˆ°çš„问题给出的。下é¢æ˜¯è¿™ä¸€éƒ¨åˆ†æ¶‰åŠçš„功能与应用：
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><xref linkend="chapter_cbook"></xref>
@@ -371,7 +362,7 @@
</itemizedlist>
</para>
- <para><xref linkend="part.managing_business"/>讨论了ä¼ä¸šä¼šè®¡äº‹åŠ¡ä¸&app;的使用<itemizedlist>
+ <para><xref linkend="part.managing_business"/>讨论了在ä¼ä¸šä¼šè®¡äº‹åŠ¡ä¸ä½¿ç”¨&app;<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><xref linkend="chapter_bus_features"></xref>
</para>
@@ -409,12 +400,12 @@
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
- <para><xref linkend="gnc-gloss"></xref> - &app;ä¸ä½¿ç”¨çš„术è¯åˆ—表
+ <para><xref linkend="gnc-gloss"></xref> —— &app;ä¸ä½¿ç”¨çš„术è¯åˆ—表
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><xref linkend="appendixa"></xref> - 针对å‰
+ <para><xref linkend="appendixa"></xref> —— 针对å‰
<trademark
class="registered">Quicken</trademark>〠MS Money 或其它
<acronym>QIF</acronym>用户的指å—。
@@ -439,7 +430,7 @@
<sect1 id="more_help">
<title>获å–帮助</title>
- <para>&app;æ供了多ç§å½¢å¼çš„帮助指引，包括<link linkend="basics-tip2"><guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel></link>ã€ä¸Šä¸‹æ–‡å¸®åŠ©ã€ç½‘ç«™ã€ç»´åŸºã€é‚®ä»¶åˆ—表和IRCèŠå¤©é¢‘é“。
+ <para>&app;æ供多ç§å½¢å¼çš„帮助指引，包括<link linkend="basics-tip2"><guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel></link>ã€ä¸Šä¸‹æ–‡å¸®åŠ©ã€ç½‘ç«™ã€ç»´åŸºã€é‚®ä»¶åˆ—表和IRCèŠå¤©é¢‘é“。
</para>
<sect2 id="online_help">
@@ -449,14 +440,14 @@
<guimenu>帮助</guimenu> <guimenuitem>内容</guimenuitem></menuchoice>。
</para>
- <para><guilabel>&appname; 帮助</guilabel> 窗å£ä¹Ÿèƒ½ç”¨ä½œç®€å•çš„网络æµè§ˆå™¨ï¼Œå› æ¤ä½ å¯ä»¥è½¬åˆ°ç½‘站进一æ¥æŸ¥é˜…ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚点击<guibutton>打开</guibutton> <emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>按钮并输入URL，就å¯ä»¥åœ¨æ¤çª—å£ä¸æ‰“å¼€ä»»ä½•ç½‘ç«™ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥å°±åƒåœ¨æ ‡å‡†çš„网络æµè§ˆå™¨ä¸ä¸€æ ·ä½¿ç”¨<guibutton>åŽé€€</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>刷新</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>åœæ¢</guibutton>å’Œ<guibutton>打å°</guibutton>按钮。
+ <para><guilabel>&appname;帮助</guilabel>窗å£ä¹Ÿèƒ½ç”¨ä½œç®€å•çš„网络æµè§ˆå™¨ï¼Œå› æ¤ä½ å¯ä»¥è½¬åˆ°ç½‘站进一æ¥æŸ¥é˜…ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚点击<guibutton>打开</guibutton> <emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>按钮并输入URL，就å¯ä»¥åœ¨æ¤çª—å£ä¸æ‰“å¼€ä»»ä½•ç½‘ç«™ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥å°±åƒåœ¨æ ‡å‡†çš„网络æµè§ˆå™¨ä¸ä¸€æ ·ä½¿ç”¨<guibutton>åŽé€€</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>刷新</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>åœæ¢</guibutton>å’Œ<guibutton>打å°</guibutton>按钮。
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="website">
<title>&app;网站</title>
- <para>The <ulink
+ <para><ulink
url="&url-www;"><citetitle>&appname;网站</citetitle></ulink>
包å«æœ‰å…³ç¨‹åºåŠå…¶è½¯ä»¶æ›´æ–°çš„帮助信æ¯ã€‚å…¶ä¸ä¹ŸåŒ…å«å…¶å®ƒåœ¨çº¿èµ„æºçš„链接。
</para>
@@ -473,7 +464,7 @@
<title>&app;常è§é—®é¢˜</title>
<para>
- <ulink url="&url-wiki-faq;">&app;常è§é—®é¢˜</ulink>（<acronym>FAQ</acronym>）页é¢ä¹Ÿç½®äºŽ<xref linkend="wiki" endterm="wiki.title" />上。æ¯å½“ä½ åœ¨ä½¿ç”¨&app;æ—¶é‡åˆ°å›°éš¾ï¼Œéƒ½åº”当先查阅常è§é—®é¢˜ã€‚现在它也被翻译为了德è¯å’Œç®€ä½“ä¸æ–‡ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æƒ³è¦è®¿é—®ç¿»è¯‘页é¢ï¼Œè¯·æŸ¥çœ‹<ulink url="&url-wiki-faq;">&app;常è§é—®é¢˜</ulink>页é¢é¡¶éƒ¨çš„æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚
+ <ulink url="&url-wiki-faq;">&app;常è§é—®é¢˜</ulink>（<acronym>FAQ</acronym>）页é¢ä¹Ÿä½äºŽ<xref linkend="wiki" endterm="wiki.title" />上。æ¯å½“ä½ åœ¨ä½¿ç”¨&app;æ—¶é‡åˆ°å›°éš¾ï¼Œéƒ½åº”当先查阅常è§é—®é¢˜ã€‚现在它也被翻译为德è¯å’Œç®€ä½“ä¸æ–‡ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æƒ³è¦è®¿é—®ç¿»è¯‘页é¢ï¼Œè¯·æŸ¥çœ‹<ulink url="&url-wiki-faq;">&app;常è§é—®é¢˜</ulink>页é¢é¡¶éƒ¨çš„æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚
</para>
</sect2>
@@ -528,8 +519,7 @@
<para>&app;安装起æ¥ä¸€èˆ¬å¾ˆç®€å•ã€‚</para>
- <para><ulink url="&url-www;download.phtml"><citetitle>&app;下载
- 页</citetitle></ulink>为æ¯ä¸€æ¬¾æ”¯æŒçš„æ“作系统æ供了详细的安装指引。
+ <para><ulink url="&url-www;download.phtml"><citetitle>&app;下载页</citetitle></ulink>为æ¯ä¸€æ¬¾æ”¯æŒçš„æ“作系统æ供了详细的安装指引。
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_txns.xml b/zh/guide/ch_txns.xml
index d4ce3765..b5fa3f65 100644
--- a/zh/guide/ch_txns.xml
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_txns.xml
@@ -16,39 +16,40 @@
<sect1 id="chapter_txns">
<title>交易</title>
- <para>æœ¬ç« ä¼šä»‹ç»åœ¨&app;ä¸ç†è§£å’Œä½¿ç”¨äº¤æ˜“的基本信æ¯ã€‚虽说科目是科目表的结构与框架，但交易æ‰æ˜¯å¡«å……æ¯ä¸€ç§‘目的数æ®ã€‚</para>
+ <para>æœ¬ç« ä¼šé’ˆå¯¹åœ¨&app;ä¸ç†è§£å’Œä½¿ç”¨äº¤æ˜“åšå‡ºåŸºæœ¬è¯´æ˜Žã€‚科目是科目表的结构与框架，然而交易æ‰æ˜¯å¡«å……å„个科目的数æ®ã€‚</para>
<sect2 id="txns-concepts1">
<title>基本概念</title>
- <para>&app;è¿™ç§å¤å¼è®°è´¦ç³»ç»Ÿä¸çš„<emphasis>交易</emphasis>ä»£è¡¨è‡³å°‘ä¸¤ä¸ªç§‘ç›®é—´çš„è½¬è´¦ã€‚å› æ¤ä¸€æ¡äº¤æ˜“总是包å«è‡³å°‘两部分：一个<emphasis>æ¥æºç§‘ç›®</emphasis>和一个<emphasis>目的科目</emphasis>。金é¢ä»Žæ¥æºç§‘目转移到目的科目ä¸ã€‚会计师将交易的这些组æˆéƒ¨åˆ†ç§°ä¸º<emphasis>账簿æ¡ç›®ï¼ˆLedger Entries）</emphasis>。在&app;ä¸ç§°ä¹‹ä¸º<emphasis>分录</emphasis>。</para>
+ <para>&app;这类å¤å¼è®°è´¦ç³»ç»Ÿä¸çš„<emphasis>交易</emphasis>æ˜¯æŒ‡è‡³å°‘ä¸¤ä¸ªç§‘ç›®é—´çš„è½¬è´¦ã€‚å› æ¤ä¸€æ¡äº¤æ˜“总是包å«è‡³å°‘两部分：一个<emphasis>æ¥æºç§‘ç›®</emphasis>和一个<emphasis>目的科目</emphasis>。金é¢ä»Žæ¥æºç§‘目转移到目的科目ä¸ã€‚会计师将交易的这些组æˆéƒ¨åˆ†ç§°ä¸º<emphasis>账簿æ¡ç›®ï¼ˆLedger Entries）</emphasis>。在&app;ä¸ç§°ä¹‹ä¸º<emphasis>分录</emphasis>。</para>
- <para>一æ¡åˆ†å½•åŒ…å«æ¶‰åŠçš„科目和从之转出或å‘之转入的金é¢ï¼Œå¦‚有需è¦ï¼Œåˆ†å½•ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥åŒ…å«å¦å¤–å‡ é¡¹ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚&app;支æŒåœ¨ä¸€æ¡äº¤æ˜“ä¸è®°å½•å¤šæ¡åˆ†å½•ï¼Œå„æ¡åˆ†å½•å¯ä»¥å‘涉åŠçš„科目转入或从之转出任æ„的金é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>一æ¡åˆ†å½•åŒ…å«æ¶‰åŠçš„科目，以åŠä»Žä¹‹è½¬å‡ºæˆ–å‘之转入的金é¢ï¼Œå¦‚有需è¦ï¼Œåˆ†å½•ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥åŒ…å«å…¶å®ƒå‡ 项信æ¯ã€‚&app;支æŒåœ¨ä¸€æ¡äº¤æ˜“ä¸è®°å½•å¤šæ¡åˆ†å½•ï¼Œå„æ¡åˆ†å½•å¯ä»¥å‘涉åŠçš„科目转入或从之转出任æ„的金é¢ã€‚</para>
- <para>ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ æ”¶åˆ°äº†å·¥èµ„å¹¶å°†ä¹‹å˜å…¥é“¶è¡Œå‚¨è“„账户。å‘生的<emphasis>交易</emphasis>å°±æ˜¯ä½ çš„é“¶è¡Œå‚¨è“„ç§‘ç›®ï¼ˆå±žäºŽèµ„äº§ç§‘ç›®ï¼‰ä»Žæ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ä¸å¾—到了钱。两个科目å—到影å“，æ¤æ—¶æ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šçš„å‡€å€¼å¢žåŠ äº†ã€‚</para>
+ <para>ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ æ”¶åˆ°äº†å·¥èµ„å¹¶å°†ä¹‹å˜å…¥é“¶è¡Œå‚¨è“„账户。å‘生的<emphasis>交易</emphasis>å°±æ˜¯ä½ çš„é“¶è¡Œå‚¨è“„ç§‘ç›®ï¼ˆå±žäºŽèµ„äº§ç§‘ç›®ï¼‰ä»Žæ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ä¸å¾—到了钱。两个科目å—到影å“，æ¤æ—¶æ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šå‡€å€¼å¢žåŠ 了。</para>
- <para>在&app;ä¸å¢žåˆ 交易需è¦ä½¿ç”¨<emphasis>科目账簿</emphasis>。æ¯ä¸ªåˆ›å»ºçš„科目都有一个科目账簿。它很åƒç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªæ”¯ç¥¨ç°¿çš„æ—¥å¿—ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ä½ å¯èƒ½çœ‹ç€å¾ˆç†Ÿæ‚‰ã€‚</para>
+ <para>在&app;ä¸å¢žåˆ 交易需è¦ä½¿ç”¨<emphasis>科目账簿</emphasis>。æ¯ä¸ªåˆ›å»ºçš„科目都对应一份科目账簿。它很åƒç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªæ”¯ç¥¨ç°¿çš„日志，所以å¯èƒ½ä½ 看ç€å¾ˆçœ¼ç†Ÿã€‚</para>
- <para>科目账簿会在接下æ¥çš„<xref linkend="txns-register-oview"/>å°èŠ‚详细介ç»ã€‚</para>
+ <para>科目账簿会在接下æ¥çš„<xref linkend="txns-register-oview"/>详细介ç»ã€‚</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="txns-register-oview">
<title>科目账簿</title>
- <para><emphasis>科目账簿</emphasis>是一类窗å£ï¼Œå¯ä»¥æµè§ˆæˆ–编辑已ç»å˜åœ¨çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œæˆ–ä¸ºä¸€ç‰¹å®šçš„ç§‘ç›®æ·»åŠ æ–°çš„äº¤æ˜“ã€‚è¦ä»Žç§‘目表打开æŸä¸€ç§‘目的科目账簿，åŒå‡»ç§‘ç›®å称，或者å³å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称并从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>打开科目</guilabel>，也å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨å·¥å…·æ 上的<guilabel>打开</guilabel>按钮。&app;会显示科目账簿窗å£ã€‚</para>
+ <para><emphasis>科目账簿</emphasis>是一类窗å£ï¼Œå¯ä»¥æµè§ˆæˆ–编辑已ç»å˜åœ¨çš„交易，或为æŸä¸€ç§‘ç›®æ·»åŠ æ–°çš„äº¤æ˜“ã€‚è¦ä»Žç§‘ç›®æ ‘æ‰“å¼€æŸä¸€ç§‘目的科目账簿，åŒå‡»ç§‘ç›®å称，或者å³å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称并从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>打开科目</guilabel>，也å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨å·¥å…·æ 上的<guilabel>打开</guilabel>按钮。&app;会显示科目账簿窗å£ã€‚</para>
<sect3 id="txns-registers-features2">
<title>科目账簿的功能</title>
- <para>科目账簿和<emphasis>æ ‡é¢˜æ </emphasis>显示了科目åç§°ã€‚æ ‡é¢˜æ 之下，<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>显示了å¯ä»¥åœ¨ç§‘目账簿ä¸ä½¿ç”¨çš„èœå•é¡¹ï¼Œ<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>包å«å¸®åŠ©æ“作科目账簿的的常用功能按钮。</para>
+ <para>科目账簿和<emphasis>æ ‡é¢˜æ </emphasis>显示了科目åç§°ã€‚æ ‡é¢˜æ 之下，<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>显示了能够在科目账簿ä¸ä½¿ç”¨çš„èœå•é¡¹ï¼Œ<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>包å«æ–¹ä¾¿æ“作科目账簿的常用功能按钮。</para>
- <para>在科目账簿窗å£çš„左下方，&app;会éšç€åœ¨çª—å£ä¸ç§»åŠ¨é¼ æ ‡è€Œæ˜¾ç¤ºæœ‰ç”¨çš„å¸®åŠ©æ¶ˆæ¯ã€‚在å³è¾¹ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°å½“å‰ç§‘目余é¢å’Œå·²ç»“清@分录的总计。</para>
+ <para>在科目账簿窗å£çš„左下方，&app;会éšçª—å£ä¸é¼ æ ‡ç§»åŠ¨è€Œæ˜¾ç¤ºæœ‰ç”¨çš„å¸®åŠ©æ¶ˆæ¯ã€‚在å³ä¾§ï¼Œå¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°å½“å‰ç§‘目余é¢å’Œå·²ç»“清分录的总计。</para>
+ <!-- ToDoZ: cleared ä¸åº”ç¿»è¯‘ä¸ºå·²æ ¸å®žï¼Œè¯å…¸é‡Œæ²¡æœ‰è¿™ä¸ªä¹‰é¡¹ï¼ŒPO文件也è¦å¯¹åº”修改 -->
</sect3>
<sect3 id="txns-regstyle1">
<title>é€‰æ‹©è´¦ç°¿é£Žæ ¼</title>
- <para>&app;为æµè§ˆè´¦ç°¿æä¾›äº†å‡ ç§æ ·å¼é€‰é¡¹ã€‚é»˜è®¤æ ·å¼æ˜¯<guilabel>基本账簿</guilabel>模å¼ï¼Œä»…显示影å“当å‰ç§‘目的分录的总和。这ç§æ ·å¼çœ‹èµ·æ¥å分接近其它æµè¡Œçš„ä¸ªäººè´¢åŠ¡è½¯ä»¶ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ä»Ž<menuchoice>
+ <para>&app;æä¾›äº†å‡ ç§æ ·å¼é€‰é¡¹ï¼Œä¾¿äºŽæµè§ˆè´¦ç°¿ã€‚é»˜è®¤æ ·å¼æ˜¯<guilabel>基本账簿</guilabel>模å¼ï¼Œä»…将影å“当å‰ç§‘目的分录显示在一起。这ç§æ ·å¼çœ‹èµ·æ¥å分类似其它æµè¡Œçš„ä¸ªäººè´¢åŠ¡è½¯ä»¶ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ä»Ž<menuchoice>
<guimenu>查看</guimenu>
</menuchoice>èœå•é€‰æ‹©ä¸åŒçš„è´¦ç°¿é£Žæ ¼ã€‚å¦æœ‰ä¸¤ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹ï¼š</para>
@@ -56,27 +57,27 @@
<listitem>
<para><menuchoice>
<guimenu>查看</guimenu><guimenuitem>自动分录账簿</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>æ ·å¼ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨å±•å¼€å½“å‰çš„交易。当在账簿ä¸é€‰ä¸æ–°çš„交易时，交易会自动展开以展示全部分录。
+ </menuchoice>æ ·å¼ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨å±•å¼€å½“å‰çš„交易。当在账簿ä¸é€‰ä¸æ–°çš„交易时，交易会自动展开以展示其全部分录。
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><menuchoice>
<guimenu>查看</guimenu><guimenuitem>交易日志</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>æ ·å¼ä¼šåœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸æ˜¾ç¤ºæ‰€æœ‰äº¤æ˜“的所有分录，æ¤æ ·å¼æ›´åƒä¼šè®¡æ—¥å¿—。@</para>
+ </menuchoice>æ ·å¼ä¼šåœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸æ˜¾ç¤ºæ‰€æœ‰äº¤æ˜“的所有分录，æ¤æ ·å¼æ›´åƒæ˜¯ä¼šè®¡æ—¥å¿—。</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
- <para>è¿™äº›é£Žæ ¼éƒ½èƒ½å¤Ÿä»¥å•è¡Œæˆ–å¤šè¡Œæ ¼å¼æµè§ˆæ•°æ®ã€‚选择<menuchoice>
+ <para>è¿™äº›æ ·å¼å‡èƒ½å¤Ÿä»¥å•è¡Œæˆ–å¤šè¡Œæ ¼å¼æµè§ˆæ•°æ®ã€‚选择<menuchoice>
<guimenu>查看</guimenu> <guimenuitem>åŒè¡Œ</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>，å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°äº¤æ˜“行扩展æˆäº†ä¸¤è¡Œã€‚åŒè¡Œæ¨¡å¼ä¹Ÿä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºäº¤æ˜“说明。
+ </menuchoice>，å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°äº¤æ˜“行扩展æˆäº†ä¸¤è¡Œã€‚åŒè¡Œæ¨¡å¼ä¹Ÿä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºäº¤æ˜“说明列。
</para>
<para>下é¢çš„å±å¹•æˆªå›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†åŸºæœ¬è´¦ç°¿å’Œäº¤æ˜“日志在外观上的ä¸åŒã€‚</para>
- <para>例如，å‡è®¾ä½ 花1000å…ƒè´ä¹°äº†ä¸‰æ¡ç‰›ä»”裤，且已ç»å°†è´ä¹°å½•å…¥ä¸ºåˆ†å½•äº¤æ˜“，其ä¸æ¯ä¸€æ¡ç‰›ä»”裤录入为独立的分录。</para>
+ <para>例如，å‡è®¾ä½ 花1000å…ƒè´ä¹°äº†ä¸‰æ¡ç‰›ä»”裤，且已ç»å°†è¿™æ¬¡è´ä¹°å½•å…¥ä¸ºåˆ†å½•äº¤æ˜“，其ä¸æ¯æ¡ç‰›ä»”裤å„录入一æ¡åˆ†å½•ã€‚</para>
- <para>下é¢çš„å±å¹•æˆªå›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ä¸åŒæŸ¥çœ‹æ¨¡å¼é—´çš„差异。</para>
+ <para>下é¢çš„å±å¹•æˆªå›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ä¸åŒæµè§ˆæ¨¡å¼ä¸‹çš„差异。</para>
<para>首先，从活期科目查看牛仔裤交易：</para>
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ä¸€æ¡åˆ†å½•äº¤æ˜“，其ä¸åŒ…å«ä¸‰æ¬¡ç‰›ä»”裤è´ä¹°ã€‚</para>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ä¸€æ¡åˆ†å½•äº¤æ˜“，其ä¸åŒ…å«ä¸‰é¡¹ç‰›ä»”裤è´ä¹°åˆ†å½•ã€‚</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
@@ -114,9 +115,9 @@
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>æ¤å¤„出现了三项，但活期科目ä¸åªæœ‰ä¸€é¡¹åˆ†å½•ã€‚接下æ¥çš„试验显示æ¯ä¸€è¡Œå…·æœ‰ä¸åŒçš„金é¢ï¼Œ200å…ƒã€300元和500元。å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°ï¼Œæ¤æ¨¡å¼ä¸‹è´¦ç°¿çš„æ¯ä¸€è¡Œå¯¹åº”原始交易ä¸çš„一æ¡åˆ†å½•ã€‚</para>
+ <para>这里出现了三项，但活期科目ä¸åªæœ‰ä¸€é¡¹åˆ†å½•ã€‚仔细观察å¯ä»¥å‘现æ¯ä¸€è¡Œçš„金é¢ä¸åŒï¼Œåˆ†åˆ«ä¸º200å…ƒã€300元和500元。这说明，æ¤æ¨¡å¼ä¸‹è´¦ç°¿çš„æ¯ä¸€è¡Œå¯¹åº”原始交易ä¸çš„一æ¡åˆ†å½•ã€‚</para>
- <para>更改为交易日志模å¼ä¼šä»…显示原始的分录交易。</para>
+ <para>更改为交易日志模å¼åˆ™ä»…显示原始的分录交易。</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
<figure>
@@ -138,23 +139,23 @@
<sect3 id="txns-columnwidths1">
<title>调整列宽</title>
- <para>å°±åƒç”µåè¡¨æ ¼ä¸€æ ·ï¼Œè´¦ç°¿ä¸çš„å„列能够通过左键点击并拖动表头的分隔线æ¥è°ƒæ•´å®½åº¦ã€‚列头å³ä¾§çš„分隔线控制æ¤åˆ—的宽度。在&app;ä¸ï¼Œ<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>说明</guilabel>列会生动调整大å°ï¼Œä½¿å¾—账簿自适应地填满整个窗å£ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥å‘左侧拖动这些列的分隔线会缩å°åˆ—宽但会在释放时自动贴é 回去。å‘å³ä¾§æ‹–åŠ¨åˆ†éš”çº¿ä¼šåŠ å®½æ˜¾ç¤ºåŒºåŸŸå¹¶åœ¨çª—å£åº•éƒ¨æ˜¾ç¤ºæ»šåŠ¨æ¡ï¼Œä½†è¿™ä¸€æ•ˆæžœåªä¼šåœ¨è´¦ç°¿æ‰“开时ä¿æŒã€‚å…³é—并é‡æ–°æ‰“开账簿或退出&app;åŽï¼Œè´¦ç°¿ä»ä¼šå®Œå…¨å¡«æ»¡ç©ºé—´ã€‚</para>
+ <para>和电åè¡¨æ ¼ä¸€æ ·ï¼Œå·¦é”®ç‚¹å‡»å¹¶æ‹–åŠ¨è¡¨å¤´çš„åˆ†éš”çº¿èƒ½å¤Ÿè°ƒæ•´è´¦ç°¿ä¸å„列的宽度。列头å³ä¾§çš„分隔线控制æ¤åˆ—的宽度。在&app;ä¸ï¼Œ<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>说明</guilabel>列会生动调整大å°ï¼Œä½¿å¾—账簿自适应地填满整个窗å£ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥å‘左侧拖动这些列的分隔线会缩å°åˆ—宽，但会在释放时移回原处。å‘å³ä¾§æ‹–åŠ¨åˆ†éš”çº¿ä¼šåŠ å®½æ˜¾ç¤ºåŒºåŸŸå¹¶åœ¨çª—å£åº•éƒ¨æ˜¾ç¤ºæ»šåŠ¨æ¡ï¼Œä½†è¿™ä¸€æ•ˆæžœåªä¼šåœ¨è´¦ç°¿æ‰“开时ä¿æŒã€‚å…³é—并é‡æ–°æ‰“开账簿或退出&app;åŽï¼Œè´¦ç°¿ä»ä¼šä¸æ¯«ä¸å·®åœ°å¡«æ»¡ç©ºé—´ã€‚</para>
<note>
- <para>很多用户在调整<guilabel>ä½™é¢</guilabel>列时é‡åˆ°äº†é—®é¢˜ï¼Œç‰¹åˆ«æ˜¯åœ¨å¢žåŠ 其宽度的时候。åªéœ€å°†å…¶å³è¾¹ç•Œæ‹–出窗å£å°±å¯ä»¥å¢žåŠ æ¤åˆ—çš„å®½åº¦ã€‚ä»Žå·¦ä¾§å°†é¼ æ ‡ç§»åŠ¨åˆ°åˆ†éš”çº¿å¹¶åœ¨é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆæˆä¸ºåŒå‘ç®å¤´&dArrow;æ—¶å°±ç«‹åˆ»æŒ‰ä¸‹é¼ æ ‡ã€‚</para>
+ <para>很多用户在调整<guilabel>ä½™é¢</guilabel>列时é‡åˆ°äº†å›°éš¾ï¼Œç‰¹åˆ«æ˜¯åœ¨å¢žåŠ 其宽度的时候。åªéœ€å°†å…¶å³è¾¹ç•Œæ‹–出窗å£å°±å¯ä»¥å¢žåŠ æ¤åˆ—çš„å®½åº¦ã€‚å°†é¼ æ ‡ä»Žå·¦ä¾§ç§»åŠ¨åˆ°åˆ†éš”çº¿å¤„ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆæˆä¸ºåŒå‘ç®å¤´&dArrow;æ—¶ç«‹åˆ»æŒ‰ä¸‹é¼ æ ‡ã€‚</para>
</note>
<important>
- <para>在分录模å¼ä¸‹ï¼Œè´¦ç°¿è¡¨å¤´ä¸å˜åœ¨ä¸åŒçš„åˆ—æ ‡é¢˜ï¼Œæ ¹æ®å½“å‰æ¿€æ´»çš„行类型，分别对应分录行和交易行。为了调整分录行的列宽，必须首先使分录行激活；为了调整交易行的列宽，必须激活交易行。</para>
+ <para>在分录模å¼ä¸‹ï¼Œè´¦ç°¿è¡¨å¤´ä¸å˜åœ¨ä¸åŒçš„åˆ—æ ‡é¢˜ï¼Œæ ¹æ®å½“å‰æ¿€æ´»çš„行类型，分别对应分录行和交易行。为了调整分录行的列宽，必须首先选ä¸åˆ†å½•è¡Œï¼›ä¸ºäº†è°ƒæ•´äº¤æ˜“行的列宽，必须选ä¸äº¤æ˜“行。</para>
</important>
- <para>除了æ述列以外，列宽设置会ä¿å˜åœ¨ç”¨æˆ·è´¦ç°¿çš„状æ€æ–‡ä»¶ä¸ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨è´¦ç°¿å…³é—并é‡æ–°æ‰“开时还原。</para>
+ <para>除æ述列之外的列宽设置会ä¿å˜åœ¨ç”¨æˆ·è´¦ç°¿çš„状æ€æ–‡ä»¶ä¸ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨è´¦ç°¿å…³é—并é‡æ–°æ‰“开时æ¢å¤å…ˆå‰è°ƒæ•´çš„列宽。</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="txns-shortcuts1">
<title>使用数æ®å½•å…¥å¿«æ·é”®</title>
- <para>&app;æä¾›äº†å‡ ç»„å¿«æ·é”®ï¼Œå¯ç”¨äºŽåŠ 速交易数æ®çš„录入。</para>
+ <para>&app;æä¾›äº†å‡ ç»„å¿«æ·é”®ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ä½¿å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“æ•°æ®æ›´åŠ å¿«æ·ã€‚</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
@@ -194,17 +195,17 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><keycap>T</keycap> 或 <keycap>t</keycap> 设为今日。
+ <para><keycap>T</keycap> 或 <keycap>t</keycap> 设为今天。
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<tip>
- <para>ä¸ä»…å¯ä»¥åœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸ä½¿ç”¨è¿™äº›è®¾ç½®æ—¥æœŸçš„å¿«æ·é”®ï¼Œåœ¨å…¶ä»–输入日期的地方也å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨è¿™äº›å¿«æ·é”®ã€‚</para>
+ <para>ä¸ä»…å¯ä»¥åœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸ä½¿ç”¨è¿™äº›å¿«æ·é”®è®¾ç½®æ—¥æœŸï¼Œåœ¨å…¶ä»–输入日期的地方也å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨è¿™äº›å¿«æ·é”®ã€‚</para>
</tip>
<tip>
- <para>对于输入日期，也有å¦ä¸€ç§æ–¹å¼å¯ä»¥èŠ‚约时间：输入部分日期。例如，如果åªè¾“入一个数å—，&app;会将之解释为当å‰å¹´ä»½å½“å‰æœˆä»½çš„日期。如果输入日期和月份，&app;ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨é™„åŠ å¹´ä»½ã€‚é»˜è®¤æƒ…å†µä¸‹ä¼šåœ¨ä»Ž11个月å‰åˆ°å½“å‰æ—¥æœŸä¹‹é—´é€‰æ‹©åŒ¹é…çš„æ—¥æœŸã€‚è¿™è¯´æ˜Žï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ è¾“å…¥1/5（1月5日），而当å‰æ—¥æœŸæ˜¯2015å¹´12月，日期会补全为 16/1/5。æ¤é»˜è®¤è¡Œä¸ºå¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡<menuchoice>
+ <para>输入日期时，也有å¦ä¸€ç§æ–¹å¼å¯ä»¥èŠ‚约时间——输入部分日期。例如，如果åªè¾“入一个数å—，&app;会解释为当å‰å¹´ä»½å½“å‰æœˆä»½çš„日期。如果输入日期和月份，&app;ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨æ·»åŠ å¹´ä»½ã€‚é»˜è®¤æƒ…å†µä¸‹ä¼šä»Ž11个月å‰å¼€å§‹é€‰å–ç›¸åº”çš„æ—¥æœŸã€‚è¿™è¯´æ˜Žï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ è¾“å…¥1/5（1月5日），而当å‰æ—¥æœŸæ˜¯2015å¹´12月，则日期会补全为 16/1/5。æ¤é»˜è®¤è¡Œä¸ºå¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡<menuchoice>
<guimenu>编辑</guimenu><guisubmenu>首选项</guisubmenu>
<guisubmenu>日期与时间</guisubmenu><guilabel>日期补全</guilabel>
</menuchoice>更改。å¯ä»¥æ›´æ”¹ä¸ºæ€»æ˜¯åœ¨å½“å‰æ—¥åŽ†å¹´å†…选择日期，或更改滑动窗å£çš„起始ä½ç½®ã€‚</para>
@@ -212,35 +213,35 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>在交易行的<guilabel>ç¼–å·</guilabel>列，å¯ä»¥æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap>+</keycap>æ¥åœ¨å…ˆå‰è¾“入的数å—åŸºç¡€ä¸Šå¢žåŠ äº¤æ˜“ç¼–å·ã€‚按下<keycap>-</keycap>会å‡å°‘ç¼–å·ã€‚</para>
+ <para>在交易行的<guilabel>ç¼–å·</guilabel>列，按下<keycap>+</keycap>会在先å‰è¾“入的数å—基础上增大交易编å·ã€‚按下<keycap>-</keycap>会å‡å°ç¼–å·ã€‚</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>当在<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>列ä¸è¾“入时，&app;会寻找先å‰å…·æœ‰ä»¥æ¤å¼€å¤´çš„æ述的交易，将之作为自动补全的æ示内容。在显示补全文本时按下<keycap>Tab</keycap>，&app;会å¤åˆ¶å…ˆå‰çš„äº¤æ˜“å¹¶å°†å…‰æ ‡èšç„¦å¹¶é€‰ä¸<guilabel>借</guilabel>或<guilabel>è´·</guilabel>的数值，以备é‡æ–°è¾“入新的数值。
+ <para>当在<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>列ä¸è¾“入时，&app;会寻找先å‰å…·æœ‰ä»¥æ¤å¼€å¤´çš„æ述的交易，将其作为自动补全的æ示内容。在显示补全文本时按下<keycap>Tab</keycap>，&app;会å¤åˆ¶å…ˆå‰çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œå¹¶å°†å…‰æ ‡èšç„¦é€‰ä¸<guilabel>借</guilabel>或<guilabel>è´·</guilabel>的数值，以便é‡æ–°è¾“入新的数值。
<note>
<para>æ¤å¤„å¤åˆ¶çš„是<emphasis>整个交易</emphasis>，包括一些å¯èƒ½ä¸æ˜¾ç¤ºçš„部分，如<guilabel>说明</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>ä»·æ ¼</guilabel>。除éžä½ 确实想è¦ç²¾ç¡®åœ°å¤åˆ¶äº¤æ˜“，å¦åˆ™è¯·ç¡®ä¿å·²ç»ä¿®æ”¹äº†æ‰€æœ‰åº”与之ä¸åŒçš„内容。</para>
</note>
<tip>
- <para>ä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨æ¤ç‰¹æ€§ä¸€æ¬¡æ·»åŠ 许多交易，然åŽå†å›žåˆ°<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>列修改æ述。</para>
+ <para>ä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨è¿™é¡¹åŠŸèƒ½ä¸€æ¬¡æ·»åŠ 多项交易，然åŽå†å›žåˆ°<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>列修改交易æ述。</para>
</tip>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><guilabel>转账</guilabel>列支æŒç§‘ç›®å称的快速补全。å¯ä»¥å…ˆè¾“入科目å，éšåŽ&app;会补全科目å称剩下的部分。任何时候输入分隔符会完æˆç§‘ç›®å称的当å‰å±‚çº§ï¼Œå¹¶å°†å…‰æ ‡ç•™åœ¨å¼€å§‹è¾“å…¥ç§‘ç›®å称下一层级的ä½ç½®ã€‚例如，输入<keycap>资:æ´»</keycap>å¯èƒ½ä¼šè¡¥å…¨ä¸º<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目。以æ¤æ–¹å¼ä¾åºè¾“å…¥å称会弹出整个科目列表，其ä¸è¡¥å…¨é¡¹ä¼šè¢«é€‰ä¸ã€‚å¦å¤–，也å¯ä»¥è¾“入科目å称ä¸çš„任何å—符åºåˆ—，会弹出科目列表，其ä¸ä¼šç›é€‰å‡ºåŒ…å«å½“å‰è¾“å…¥å—符åºåˆ—的科目。ä¸è®ºå“ªç§æƒ…况，都能使用<keycap>上ç®å¤´</keycap>或<keycap>下ç®å¤´</keycap>从弹出列表ä¸é€‰æ‹©ç§‘目。</para>
+ <para><guilabel>转账</guilabel>列支æŒç§‘ç›®å称的快速补全。å¯ä»¥å…ˆè¾“入科目å，éšåŽ&app;会补全科目å称其余部分。任何时候输入分隔符会补全科目å称的当å‰å±‚çº§ï¼Œå¹¶å°†å…‰æ ‡ç½®äºŽå¼€å§‹è¾“å…¥ç§‘ç›®å称下一层级的ä½ç½®ã€‚例如，输入<guilabel>资:æ´»</guilabel>å¯èƒ½ä¼šè¡¥å…¨ä¸º<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目。以这ç§æ–¹å¼ä¾åºè¾“å…¥å称会弹出列出了全部科目的列表，其ä¸é¢„测项会被选ä¸ã€‚å¦å¤–，也å¯ä»¥è¾“入科目å称ä¸çš„任何å—符åºåˆ—，会弹出科目列表，其ä¸ä¼šç›é€‰å‡ºåŒ…å«å½“å‰è¾“å…¥å—符åºåˆ—的科目。ä¸è®ºå“ªç§æƒ…况，都能使用<keycap>上ç®å¤´</keycap>或<keycap>下ç®å¤´</keycap>从弹出列表ä¸é€‰æ‹©ç§‘目。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>å¯ä»¥åœ¨ä»»ä½•æ¶‰åŠæ•°é‡çš„列ä¸ä½¿ç”¨å†…置计算器。åªéœ€è¾“入第一个值之åŽå†æŽ¥ç€è¾“å…¥<keycap>+</keycap>ã€<keycap>-</keycap>ã€<keycap>*</keycap>或<keycap>/</keycap>。然åŽè¾“入第二个值。&app;会在按下<keycap>Tab</keycap>键时执行计算并将计算结果输入至数é‡åˆ—ä¸ã€‚
+ <para>å¯ä»¥åœ¨ä»»ä½•æ¶‰åŠæ•°é‡çš„列ä¸ä½¿ç”¨å†…置计算器。åªéœ€è¾“入第一个值之åŽå†æŽ¥ç€è¾“å…¥<keycap>+</keycap>ã€<keycap>-</keycap>ã€<keycap>*</keycap>或<keycap>/</keycap>。然åŽè¾“入第二个值。&app;会在按下<keycap>Tab</keycap>键时执行计算并将计算结果填入数é‡åˆ—ä¸ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>所有的èœå•é¡¹éƒ½å…·æœ‰è®¿é—®é”®ï¼Œå½“按ä½<keycap>Alt</keycap>键时，访问键在èœå•å称ä¸ä½¿ç”¨ä¸‹åˆ’çº¿æ ‡å‡ºã€‚æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap><replaceable>下划线å—符</replaceable></keycap></keycombo>弹出èœå•ï¼Œç„¶åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹ç›¸åº”的访问键选择对应的èœå•é¡¹ã€‚例如，按下<keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>弹出功能èœå•ï¼Œç„¶åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap>P</keycap>选择分录交易功能。一些èœå•é¡¹ä¹Ÿæœ‰å¿«æ·é”®ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç«‹åˆ»æ‰§è¡Œç›¸åº”的功能（一般é…åˆä½¿ç”¨<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>键）。这些快æ·é”®éƒ½åœ¨å„自èœå•é¡¹çš„å³ä¾§åˆ—出。</para>
+ <para>所有的èœå•é¡¹éƒ½å…·æœ‰è®¿é—®é”®ï¼Œåœ¨æŒ‰ä½<keycap>Alt</keycap>键时，访问键在èœå•å称ä¸ä½¿ç”¨ä¸‹åˆ’çº¿æ ‡å‡ºã€‚æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap><replaceable>下划线å—符</replaceable></keycap></keycombo>弹出èœå•ï¼Œç„¶åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹ç›¸åº”的访问键选择对应的èœå•é¡¹ã€‚例如，按下<keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>弹出功能èœå•ï¼Œç„¶åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap>P</keycap>选择分录交易功能。一些èœå•é¡¹ä¹Ÿåˆ†é…了快æ·é”®ï¼Œèƒ½å¤Ÿç«‹åˆ»æ‰§è¡Œç›¸åº”的功能（一般é…åˆä½¿ç”¨<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>键）。这些快æ·é”®éƒ½åœ¨å„自èœå•é¡¹çš„å³ä¾§åˆ—出。</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>使用下é¢è¿™äº›æŒ‰é”®å¯ä»¥å¿«é€Ÿåœ°åœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸ç§»åŠ¨ï¼š</para>
+ <para>使用下é¢è¿™äº›æŒ‰é”®å¯ä»¥åœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸å¿«é€Ÿç§»åŠ¨ï¼š</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
@@ -289,7 +290,7 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>使用<keycap>↑</keycap>å’Œ<keycap>↓</keycap>选择当å‰åˆ—表框ä¸çš„å„项。</para>
+ <para>使用<keycap>↑</keycap>å’Œ<keycap>↓</keycap>在当å‰åˆ—表框ä¸å„项间移动。</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect3>
@@ -298,17 +299,17 @@
<sect2 id="txns-registers-txntypes">
<title>简å•äº¤æ˜“还是分录交易？</title>
- <para>&app;ä¸æ¯ä¸€ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“都至少有两项分录，但交易也å¯ä»¥æ‹¥æœ‰å¤šäºŽä¸¤é¡¹åˆ†å½•ã€‚åªæœ‰ä¸¤é¡¹åˆ†å½•çš„交易称为<emphasis>简å•äº¤æ˜“</emphasis>ï¼Œå› ä¸ºå®ƒåªæ¶‰åŠå½“å‰ç§‘目和å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目。涉åŠä¸‰ä¸ªæˆ–更多个科目的交易称为<emphasis>分录交易</emphasis>。</para>
+ <para>&app;ä¸æ¯ä¸€ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“都至少有两项分录，但一项交易也å¯ä»¥æ‹¥æœ‰å¤šäºŽä¸¤é¡¹çš„分录。åªæœ‰ä¸¤é¡¹åˆ†å½•çš„交易称为<emphasis>简å•äº¤æ˜“</emphasis>ï¼Œå› ä¸ºå®ƒåªæ¶‰åŠå½“å‰ç§‘目和å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目。涉åŠä¸‰ä¸ªæˆ–更多个科目的交易称为<emphasis>分录交易</emphasis>。</para>
<para>当账簿处于基本账簿模å¼æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 会看到影å“当å‰ç§‘目的分录汇总。对于简å•äº¤æ˜“，<guilabel>转账</guilabel>列会显示åŒå…¶<emphasis>转移</emphasis>金é¢çš„å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目。对于分录交易，<guilabel>转账</guilabel>列会显示<guilabel>-- 分录交易 --</guilabel>。选择æŸä¸€åˆ†å½•äº¤æ˜“åŽï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»å·¥å…·æ 上的分录按钮查看交易下的å„分录。</para>
- <para>对于分录交易，交易的第一行是<emphasis>交易行</emphasis>，包å«<guilabel>日期</guilabel>ã€å¯é€‰çš„<guilabel>ç¼–å·</guilabel>，交易<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>，影å“当å‰ç§‘目的总é¢ï¼ˆæ¤å¤„çš„<guilabel>æ€»è®¡å¢žåŠ </guilabel>）和在æ¤äº¤æ˜“åŽæ–°çš„科目<guilabel>ä½™é¢</guilabel>。注æ„，当交易展开出多个分录行时，<guilabel>转账</guilabel>列头会éšè—，对应列ä¸ä¹Ÿä¸ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºç§‘ç›®å称。有关æ¤äº¤æ˜“的详细信æ¯ï¼Œéœ€è¦æŸ¥çœ‹ç»„æˆè¯¥äº¤æ˜“的独立分录。</para>
+ <para>对于分录交易，交易的第一行是<emphasis>交易行</emphasis>，包å«<guilabel>日期</guilabel>ã€å¯é€‰çš„<guilabel>ç¼–å·</guilabel>，交易<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>，影å“当å‰ç§‘目的总é¢ï¼ˆæ¤å¤„çš„<guilabel>æ€»è®¡å¢žåŠ </guilabel>）和在æ¤äº¤æ˜“å‘生åŽæ–°çš„科目<guilabel>ä½™é¢</guilabel>。注æ„，当交易展开出多个分录行时，<guilabel>转账</guilabel>列头会éšè—，对应列ä¸ä¹Ÿä¸ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºç§‘ç›®å称。有关æ¤äº¤æ˜“的详细信æ¯ï¼Œéœ€è¦æŸ¥çœ‹ç»„æˆè¯¥äº¤æ˜“çš„å„项分录。</para>
<note>
<para>科目账簿åªä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºé‚£äº›åŒ…å«å…³è”到æ¤ç§‘目的分录的交易。如果æŸäº¤æ˜“有超过一项分录关è”到æ¤ç§‘目，那么在基本账簿和自动分录视图下，该交易ä¸å¤šé¡¹ä¸Žæ¤ç§‘目关è”çš„åˆ†å½•éƒ½ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºä¸€æ¬¡ã€‚åœ¨äº¤æ˜“æ—¥å¿—è´¦è§†å›¾ä¸‹ï¼Œè¿™æ ·çš„äº¤æ˜“åªä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºä¸€æ¬¡ã€‚</para>
</note>
- <para>交易行下é¢æ˜¯<emphasis>分录行</emphasis>，分录行间使用ç°è‰²çº¿æ¡åˆ†éš”。选ä¸åˆ†å½•è¡Œæ—¶ï¼Œè¡¨å¤´ä¼šå˜ä¸ºä¸Žåˆ†å½•ç›¸å…³çš„å„项。</para>
+ <para>交易行之下是<emphasis>分录行</emphasis>，分录行之间使用ç°è‰²çº¿æ¡åˆ†éš”。选ä¸åˆ†å½•è¡Œæ—¶ï¼Œè¡¨å¤´ä¼šå˜ä¸ºä¸Žåˆ†å½•ç›¸å…³çš„å„项。</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
<figure>
@@ -320,18 +321,18 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†åˆ†å½•è¡¨å¤´çš„å˜åŒ–。
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†åˆ†å½•è¡¨å¤´çš„å˜åŒ–。
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>æ¯é¡¹åˆ†å½•éƒ½åŒ…å«äº†å¯é€‰çš„<guilabel>动作</guilabel>，也就是分录类型，å¯ä»¥è¾“入也å¯ä»¥ä»Žä¸‹æ‹‰åˆ—表ä¸é€‰æ‹©ã€‚分录也包å«å¯é€‰çš„用于æè¿°æ¤åˆ†å½•çš„<guilabel>备注</guilabel>。æ¯ä¸€é¡¹åˆ†å½•å½±å“一个<guilabel>科目</guilabel>，å¯ä½¿ç”¨ä¸‹æ‹‰åˆ—表在å„科目ä¸é€‰æ‹©ã€‚<guilabel>R</guilabel>列指示分录是å¦å·²ç»å¯¹è´¦ã€‚最åŽä¸¤åˆ—显示了转入或转出相应科目的金é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>æ¯é¡¹åˆ†å½•éƒ½åŒ…å«å¯é€‰çš„<guilabel>动作</guilabel>，也就是分录类型，å¯ä»¥è¾“入也å¯ä»¥ä»Žä¸‹æ‹‰åˆ—表ä¸é€‰æ‹©ã€‚分录也包å«å¯é€‰çš„用于æè¿°æ¤åˆ†å½•çš„<guilabel>备注</guilabel>。æ¯ä¸€é¡¹åˆ†å½•å½±å“一个<guilabel>科目</guilabel>，å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ä¸‹æ‹‰åˆ—表在å„科目ä¸é€‰æ‹©ã€‚<guilabel>R</guilabel>列指示分录是å¦å·²ç»å¯¹è´¦ã€‚最åŽä¸¤åˆ—显示了转入或转出相应科目的金é¢ã€‚</para>
- <para>æ£å¦‚我们在<xref linkend="basics-accounting1" />ä¸ä»‹ç»çš„é‚£æ ·ï¼Œæ¯é¡¹äº¤æ˜“ä¸å€Ÿæ–¹æ€»é¢ï¼ˆå·¦åˆ—）必须ç‰äºŽè´·æ–¹æ€»é¢ï¼ˆå³åˆ—）。在上é¢çš„例åä¸ï¼Œå€Ÿæ–¹æ€»é¢ç‰äºŽè´·æ–¹æ€»é¢ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥æ¤äº¤æ˜“æ˜¯å¹³è¡¡çš„ã€‚ä½ å¯èƒ½å·²ç»ç•™æ„到，交易行的借方金é¢ä¸Ž<guilabel>活期</guilabel>分录行的金é¢ç›¸åŒã€‚为什么这一金é¢ä¼šå‡ºçŽ°ä¸¤æ¬¡å‘¢ï¼Ÿå› 为交易行åªæ˜¯å¯¹æ¤äº¤æ˜“对当å‰ç§‘目影å“çš„<emphasis>总结</emphasis>。åŒä¸€ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“，在ä¸åŒçš„科目下显示的交易行也ä¸å°½ç›¸åŒï¼ŒåŒä¸€äº¤æ˜“在ä¸åŒç§‘目下显示的交易行代表对å„自科目的影å“ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥é€‰ä¸å¦ä¸€åˆ†å½•è¡Œï¼Œå†ç‚¹å‡»<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>ä¸çš„<guibutton>跳转</guibutton>按钮，æ¥è§‚察这一点。</para>
+ <para>æ£å¦‚<xref linkend="basics-accounting1" />介ç»çš„é‚£æ ·ï¼Œæ¯é¡¹äº¤æ˜“ä¸å€Ÿæ–¹æ€»é¢ï¼ˆå·¦åˆ—）必须ç‰äºŽè´·æ–¹æ€»é¢ï¼ˆå³åˆ—）。在上é¢çš„例åä¸ï¼Œå€Ÿæ–¹æ€»é¢ç‰äºŽè´·æ–¹æ€»é¢ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥æ¤äº¤æ˜“æ˜¯å¹³è¡¡çš„ã€‚ä½ å¯èƒ½å·²ç»ç•™æ„到，交易行的借方金é¢ä¸Ž<guilabel>活期</guilabel>分录行的金é¢ç›¸åŒã€‚为什么这一金é¢ä¼šå‡ºçŽ°ä¸¤æ¬¡å‘¢ï¼Ÿå› 为交易行åª<emphasis>总结</emphasis>æ¤äº¤æ˜“对当å‰ç§‘目的影å“。åŒä¸€é¡¹äº¤æ˜“，在ä¸åŒçš„科目下显示的交易行也ä¸å°½ç›¸åŒï¼ŒåŒä¸€é¡¹äº¤æ˜“在ä¸åŒç§‘目下显示的交易行代表对å„自科目的影å“ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥é€‰ä¸å¦ä¸€åˆ†å½•è¡Œï¼Œå†ç‚¹å‡»<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>ä¸çš„<guibutton>跳转</guibutton>按钮，æ¥è§‚察这一点。</para>
- <para>在这个例åä¸ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ è·³è½¬åˆ°<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目，&app;会在<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目账簿ä¸æ˜¾ç¤ºåŒä¸€äº¤æ˜“：
+ <para>在这个例åä¸ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ è·³è½¬åˆ°<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目，&app;会在<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目账簿ä¸æ˜¾ç¤ºåŒä¸€é¡¹äº¤æ˜“：
</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
@@ -351,15 +352,15 @@
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>注æ„，交易行现在汇总的是æ¤äº¤æ˜“对<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目，而éžå¯¹<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目的影å“ï¼Œè¿™æ˜¯å› ä¸ºä½ çŽ°åœ¨æµè§ˆçš„是<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目账簿。æ¤äº¤æ˜“下的分录是完全相åŒçš„，但现在交易行åæ˜ çš„æ˜¯å¯¹<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目的贷记。
+ <para>注æ„，交易行现在汇总的是æ¤äº¤æ˜“对<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目，而éžå¯¹<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目的影å“ï¼Œè¿™æ˜¯å› ä¸ºä½ çŽ°åœ¨æµè§ˆçš„是<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目账簿。æ¤äº¤æ˜“下的分录行是完全相åŒçš„，但现在交易行åæ˜ çš„æ˜¯å¯¹<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目的贷记。
</para>
<sect3 id="txns-registers-twoaccount2">
<title>简å•äº¤æ˜“的例å</title>
- <para>在å‰é¢ç« 节创建的<filename>gcashdata_3</filename>的科目表基础上，åŒå‡»<guilabel>活期</guilabel>资产科目。我们现在å‘æ´»æœŸç§‘ç›®æ·»åŠ ä¸€é¡¹ç®€å•äº¤æ˜“ã€‚å½“ä½ ç¬¬ä¸€æ¬¡åœ¨&app;ä¸åˆ›å»ºç§‘目时，往往会从期åˆä½™é¢å¼€å§‹å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“æ•°æ®ã€‚</para>
+ <para>在之å‰ç« 节创建的<filename>gcashdata_3</filename>的科目表基础上，åŒå‡»<guilabel>活期</guilabel>资产科目。我们现在å‘æ´»æœŸç§‘ç›®æ·»åŠ ä¸€é¡¹ç®€å•äº¤æ˜“ã€‚å½“ä½ ç¬¬ä¸€æ¬¡åœ¨&app;ä¸åˆ›å»ºç§‘目时，往往会从期åˆä½™é¢å¼€å§‹å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“æ•°æ®ã€‚</para>
- <para>在第一个交易行，输入日期（如 2006å¹´3月1日）ã€æ述（如<quote>期åˆä½™é¢</quote>），点击<guilabel>转账</guilabel>弹出列表并选择<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>ï¼Œæ·»åŠ 1000元的转入金é¢ï¼Œå¹¶æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap function="enter">回车</keycap>键。科目账簿现在应当如下图所示：
+ <para>在第一个交易行，输入日期（如2006å¹´3月1日）ã€æ述（如<quote>期åˆä½™é¢</quote>），点击<guilabel>转账</guilabel>弹出列表并选择<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>，输入1000元的转入金é¢ï¼Œå¹¶æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键。科目账簿现在应当如下图所示：
</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
@@ -403,17 +404,17 @@
<sect3 id="txns-registers-multiaccount2">
<title>分录交易示例</title>
- <para>有时需è¦åœ¨ä¸€ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“ä¸æ·»åŠ 三个或更多个分录，æ¤æƒ…况出现在需è¦å°†äº¤æ˜“ä¸çš„æ¥æºç§‘目或目的科目分拆进多个科目的时候。一个典型例åæ˜¯åœ¨æ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„æ—¶ã€‚ä½ å¸¦å›žå®¶çš„é’±å¾€å¾€å°‘äºŽæ”¯ä»˜ç»™ä½ çš„å·¥èµ„ï¼Œå…¶ä¸çš„差异是由税费ã€å…»è€ä¿é™©å’Œå…¶å®ƒäº‹é¡¹å¯¼è‡´çš„ã€‚å› æ¤ï¼Œæ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„这一笔交易除了<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>这两个科目外，还会涉åŠå…¶å®ƒçš„科目。</para>
+ <para>有时需è¦åœ¨ä¸€é¡¹äº¤æ˜“ä¸æ·»åŠ 三项或更多项分录，æ¤æƒ…况往往出现在需è¦å°†äº¤æ˜“ä¸çš„æ¥æºç§‘目或目的科目分拆进多个科目的时候。一个典型例åæ˜¯åœ¨æ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„æ—¶ã€‚ä½ å¸¦å›žå®¶çš„é’±å¾€å¾€å°‘äºŽæ”¯ä»˜ç»™ä½ çš„å·¥èµ„ï¼Œå…¶ä¸çš„差异是由税费ã€å…»è€ä¿é™©å’Œå…¶å®ƒäº‹é¡¹å¯¼è‡´çš„ã€‚å› æ¤ï¼Œæ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„这一笔交易除了<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>这两个科目外，还会涉åŠå…¶å®ƒç§‘目。</para>
- <para>è¦ä»Ž<emphasis role="italic">资产:活期</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£æ·»åŠ 工资分录交易，点击新交易行并点击<guilabel>分录</guilabel>。注æ„ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ å·²ç»å°†è´¦ç°¿çª—å£è§†å›¾è®¾ç½®ä¸ºè‡ªåŠ¨åˆ†å½•æˆ–交易日志，分录行会自动展开。在第一行输入对æ¤äº¤æ˜“çš„æ述（例如“公å¸æ”¯ä»˜è–ªèµ„â€ï¼‰ã€‚在其下的分录行，é€ä¸€è¾“入组æˆæ¤äº¤æ˜“的多项分录。è¦è¾“入分录，先选择科目，å†è¾“入相应科目的å˜åŒ–金é¢ã€‚请记ä½ï¼Œåœ¨èµ„产科目ä¸ï¼Œåœ¨å·¦ä¾§è¾“入的金é¢ä¼šå¢žåŠ 科目余é¢ã€‚在å³åˆ—输入的金é¢ä¼šå‡å°‘ä½™é¢ï¼ˆè¯¦ç»†äº†è§£è¯·å‚考<xref linkend="basics-transactions2"/>）。按下<keycap>Tab</keycap>键或点击下一个分录行，é‡å¤æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹ã€‚请注æ„ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ ä½¿ç”¨é”®ç›˜åœ¨ä¸åŒäº¤æ˜“间跳转，使用<keycap>Tab</keycap>在列之间移动，使用<keycap>Enter</keycap>会确认æ¤äº¤æ˜“并在“ä¸å¹³è¡¡çš„â€ç§‘ç›®ä¸åˆ›å»ºåˆ†å½•ã€‚</para>
+ <para>è¦ä»Ž<emphasis role="italic">资产:活期</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£æ·»åŠ 工资分录交易，点击新交易行并点击<guilabel>分录</guilabel>。注æ„ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ å·²ç»å°†è´¦ç°¿çª—å£è§†å›¾è®¾ç½®ä¸ºè‡ªåŠ¨åˆ†å½•æˆ–交易日志，分录行会自动展开。在第一行输入对æ¤äº¤æ˜“çš„æ述（例如“公å¸æ”¯ä»˜è–ªèµ„â€ï¼‰ã€‚在其下的分录行ä¸ï¼Œé€ä¸€è¾“入组æˆæ¤äº¤æ˜“的多项分录。è¦è¾“入分录，先选择科目，å†è¾“入相应科目的å˜åŠ¨é‡‘é¢ã€‚请记ä½ï¼Œå¯¹äºŽèµ„产科目，在左列输入的金é¢ä¼šå¢žåŠ 科目余é¢ï¼Œåœ¨å³åˆ—输入的金é¢ä¼šå‡å°‘ä½™é¢ï¼ˆè¯¦ç»†äº†è§£è¯·å‚考<xref linkend="basics-transactions2"/>）。按下<keycap>Tab</keycap>键或点击下一个分录行，é‡å¤æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹ã€‚请注æ„ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ ä½¿ç”¨é”®ç›˜åœ¨ä¸åŒäº¤æ˜“间跳转，使用<keycap>Tab</keycap>å¯ä»¥åœ¨åˆ—之间跳转，使用<keycap>Enter</keycap>会确认æ¤äº¤æ˜“并在“ä¸å¹³è¡¡çš„â€ç§‘ç›®ä¸åˆ›å»ºåˆ†å½•ã€‚</para>
<note>
- <para>在&app;ä¸åˆ›å»ºäº¤æ˜“时，能够以任何顺åºå½•å…¥åˆ†å½•ã€‚然而，在交易被确认之åŽï¼ˆå¯èƒ½æ˜¯è¾“å…¥å…‰æ ‡ç¦»å¼€æ¤äº¤æ˜“或者按下<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键），所有的借方分录会移动到所有贷方分录之å‰ã€‚</para>
+ <para>在&app;ä¸åˆ›å»ºäº¤æ˜“时，能够以任何顺åºå½•å…¥åˆ†å½•ã€‚然而，在交易被确认之åŽï¼ˆå¯èƒ½æ˜¯è¾“å…¥å…‰æ ‡ç¦»å¼€æ¤äº¤æ˜“或者按下<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键），所有借方分录会移动到所有贷方分录之å‰ã€‚</para>
</note>
- <para>在æ¤ç¤ºä¾‹ä¸ï¼Œé€‰æ‹©å˜å…¥å·¥èµ„的科目（<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>）并输入è¦å˜å…¥çš„金é¢ï¼ˆä¾‹å¦‚670元）。éšåŽï¼Œè¾“å…¥å„ç§ç¨Žè´¹çš„金é¢ï¼š<emphasis>费用:税费:所得税</emphasis>科目，180元；<emphasis>费用:税费:医疗ä¿é™©</emphasis>科目, 90元；以åŠ<emphasis>费用:税费:社会ä¿é™©</emphasis>，60元。最终，<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目作为贷方，输入工资的总é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>在æ¤ç¤ºä¾‹ä¸ï¼Œé€‰æ‹©å˜å…¥å·¥èµ„的科目（<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>）并输入è¦å˜å…¥çš„金é¢ï¼ˆä¾‹å¦‚670元）。éšåŽï¼Œè¾“å…¥å„项税费的金é¢ï¼š<emphasis>费用:税费:所得税</emphasis>科目，180元；<emphasis>费用:税费:医疗ä¿é™©</emphasis>科目, 90元；以åŠ<emphasis>费用:税费:社会ä¿é™©</emphasis>，60元。最终，<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目作为贷方，输入工资的总é¢ã€‚</para>
- <para>最终的分录看起æ¥åº”该åƒæ˜¯<xref linkend="txns-register-multiaccount"/>。记得在录入完毕åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键。ä¸è¿‡è¦çŸ¥é“在按下<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>之åŽï¼Œåˆ†å½•è§†å›¾ä¼šâ€œæŠ˜å â€å›žç®€åŒ–的交易视图。分录ä»ç„¶å˜åœ¨ï¼Œä½ åªéœ€è¦ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>分录</guilabel>æ¥æŸ¥çœ‹è¿™äº›åˆ†å½•ã€‚å‚è§<xref linkend="txns-registers-features2"/>了解详细信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+ <para>最终的分录看起æ¥åº”该åƒæ˜¯<xref linkend="txns-register-multiaccount"/>。记得在录入完毕åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键。ä¸è¿‡è¦æ³¨æ„到在按下<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>之åŽï¼Œåˆ†å½•è§†å›¾ä¼šâ€œæŠ˜å â€å›žç®€åŒ–的交易视图。分录ä»ç„¶å˜åœ¨ï¼Œä½ åªéœ€è¦ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>分录</guilabel>æ¥æŸ¥çœ‹è¿™äº›åˆ†å½•ã€‚å‚è§<xref linkend="txns-registers-features2"/>了解详细信æ¯ã€‚</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
<figure id="txns-register-multiaccount">
@@ -433,32 +434,32 @@
<sect2 id="txns-reconcile1">
<title>对账</title>
- <para>一旦交易录入进&app;，验è¯è¿™äº›äº¤æ˜“åŒé‡‘èžæœºæž„的记录一致就å分关键了。这一验è¯è¿‡ç¨‹è¢«ç§°ä¸º<emphasis role="strong">对账</emphasis>，是确ä¿ä½ 的记录是å¦å‡†ç¡®çš„关键。最常è§çš„æƒ…å†µæ˜¯ï¼Œä½ éœ€è¦åŒé“¶è¡Œæµæ°´å¯¹ç…§æ£€æŸ¥äº¤æ˜“，当然也å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡è¿™ä¸€è¿‡ç¨‹éªŒè¯äº¤æ˜“录入是å¦æ£ç¡®ã€‚</para>
+ <para>一旦将交易录入进&app;，验è¯è¿™äº›äº¤æ˜“åŒé‡‘èžæœºæž„的记录是å¦ä¸€è‡´å°±å分关键了。这一验è¯è¿‡ç¨‹è¢«ç§°ä¸º<emphasis role="strong">对账</emphasis>，这是确ä¿ä½ çš„è®°å½•å‡†ç¡®æ— è¯¯çš„å…³é”®ã€‚æœ€å¸¸è§çš„æƒ…å†µæ˜¯ï¼Œä½ éœ€è¦åŒé“¶è¡Œè´¦å•å¯¹ç…§æ ¸å¯¹äº¤æ˜“，当然也å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡è¿™ä¸€è¿‡ç¨‹æ ¸å¯¹äº¤æ˜“是å¦æ£ç¡®å½•å…¥ã€‚</para>
- <para>&app;一直会跟踪æ¯ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“的对账状æ€ï¼Œäº¤æ˜“的对账状æ€åœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸ä½¿ç”¨å¯¹è´¦<guilabel>R</guilabel>列指示：<emphasis>y</emphasis>表示交易已ç»å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œ<emphasis>n</emphasis>表示还没有对账，<emphasis>c</emphasis>è¡¨ç¤ºå·²ç»“æ¸…ä½†æ²¡æœ‰å¯¹è´¦ã€‚æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²ç»“æ¸…çš„åˆ†å½•è¡¨ç¤ºå¾—åˆ°äº†æœºæž„å·²æŽ¥å—æŒ‡ä»¤çš„ç¡®è®¤ï¼ˆæ¯”å¦‚ï¼Œä½ æ‹¿åˆ°äº†ä½¿ç”¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ä»˜æ¬¾çš„é¤åŽ…收æ®ï¼‰ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>R</guilabel>列在<emphasis>n</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>c</emphasis>间切æ¢å¯¹è´¦çŠ¶æ€ï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<xref linkend="txns-reconcile-window2" />将之置为<emphasis>y</emphasis>。</para>
+ <para>&app;会一直跟踪æ¯ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“的对账状æ€ï¼Œäº¤æ˜“的对账状æ€åœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸ä½¿ç”¨å¯¹è´¦<guilabel>R</guilabel>列指示：<emphasis>y</emphasis>表示交易已ç»å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œ<emphasis>n</emphasis>表示还没有对账，<emphasis>c</emphasis>è¡¨ç¤ºå·²ç»“æ¸…ä½†æ²¡æœ‰å¯¹è´¦ã€‚æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²ç»“æ¸…çš„åˆ†å½•è¡¨ç¤ºå¾—åˆ°äº†é‡‘èžæœºæž„已接å—指令的确认信æ¯ï¼ˆæ¯”å¦‚ï¼Œä½ æ‹¿åˆ°äº†ä½¿ç”¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ä»˜æ¬¾çš„é¤åŽ…收æ®ï¼‰ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>R</guilabel>列在<emphasis>n</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>c</emphasis>间切æ¢å¯¹è´¦çŠ¶æ€ï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥æ ¹æ®<xref linkend="txns-reconcile-window2" />置为<emphasis>y</emphasis>。</para>
- <para>在科目窗å£çš„底部，有两个实时更新的余é¢ï¼ˆåˆ†åˆ«æ˜¯<guilabel>已结清</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>已对账</guilabel>ä½™é¢ï¼‰ï¼Œä»¥åŠ<guilabel>åˆè®¡@</guilabel>ä½™é¢ã€‚å‰è€…å¯¹åº”äºŽé“¶è¡Œè®¤ä¸ºä½ çš„è´¦æˆ·ä¸æœ‰å¤šå°‘钱，而åŽè€…包å«äº†æœªç»“清的交易。</para>
+ <para>在科目窗å£åº•éƒ¨ï¼Œæœ‰ä¸¤ä¸ªå®žæ—¶æ›´æ–°çš„ä½™é¢ï¼ˆåˆ†åˆ«æ˜¯<guilabel>已结清</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>已对账</guilabel>ä½™é¢ï¼‰ï¼Œä»¥åŠ<guilabel>总计<!-- ToDoZ --></guilabel>ä½™é¢ã€‚å‰è€…ä»£è¡¨é“¶è¡Œè®¤ä¸ºä½ çš„è´¦æˆ·ä¸æœ‰å¤šå°‘钱，而åŽè€…包å«äº†æœªç»“清的交易。</para>
- <para>举个例åï¼Œå½“ä½ æ”¯ä»˜æŸäº›è´¹ç”¨æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 应该å‘&app;录入交易。交易的对账<guilabel>R</guilabel>列åˆå§‹ä¸º<guilabel>n</guilabel> ï¼ˆæ–°æ·»åŠ ï¼‰ã€‚æ–°å½•å…¥çš„äº¤æ˜“ä¼šæ›´æ–°åˆ°<guilabel>åˆè®¡</guilabel>ä½™é¢ä¸ã€‚éšåŽï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ æ”¶åˆ°äº†æœ‰å…³æ”¯ä»˜å·²è¢«æŽ¥å—的确认信æ¯ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»äº¤æ˜“çš„<guilabel>R</guilabel>列，将之更改为<emphasis>c</emphasis>（已结清）。在进行æ¤æ“作åŽï¼Œ<guilabel>已结清</guilabel>ä½™é¢ä¼šå˜åŒ–，将这一金é¢åŒ…括进去。在收到银行账å•åŽï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥æ‰“开对账窗å£ï¼Œå¯¹æ¯”è´¦å•å’Œå·²åœ¨&app;ä¸å½•å…¥çš„交易。æ¤æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 能够将<guilabel>R</guilabel>列更改为<emphasis>y</emphasis>（已对账）。</para>
+ <para>举个例åï¼Œå½“ä½ æ”¯ä»˜æŸäº›è´¹ç”¨æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 应该å‘&app;录入交易。交易的对账<guilabel>R</guilabel>列åˆå§‹ä¸º<guilabel>n</guilabel> ï¼ˆæ–°æ·»åŠ ï¼‰ã€‚æ–°å½•å…¥çš„äº¤æ˜“ä¼šæ›´æ–°åˆ°<guilabel>总计</guilabel>ä½™é¢ä¸ã€‚éšåŽï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ æ”¶åˆ°äº†æœ‰å…³æ”¯ä»˜å·²è¢«æŽ¥å—的确认信æ¯ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»äº¤æ˜“çš„<guilabel>R</guilabel>列，将之更改为<emphasis>c</emphasis>（已结清）。在进行æ¤æ“作åŽï¼Œ<guilabel>已结清</guilabel>ä½™é¢ä¼šæ›´æ–°ï¼Œå°†æ¤é‡‘é¢åŒ…括进去。在收到银行账å•åŽï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥æ‰“开对账窗å£ï¼Œå¯¹æ¯”银行账å•å’Œå·²åœ¨&app;ä¸å½•å…¥çš„交易，éšåŽï¼Œä½ 能够将<guilabel>R</guilabel>列更改为<emphasis>y</emphasis>（已对账）。</para>
<note>
- <para>ä½ ä¸èƒ½ç›´æŽ¥åœ¨è´¦ç°¿çª—å£ä¸ç‚¹å‡»<emphasis>R</emphasis>列æ¥å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œå¿…须使用对账窗å£ã€‚ä¸€æ—¦äº¤æ˜“è¢«æ ‡è®°ä¸º<emphasis>已对账</emphasis>，就ä¸èƒ½å†ç®€å•åœ°æ›´æ”¹ï¼Œé™¤éžåœ¨ä¸‹ä¸€æ¬¡å¯¹è´¦ä¸æ•…æ„输入错误的<link linkend="rec-start-blnc"><guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel></link>。</para>
+ <para>ä½ ä¸èƒ½ç›´æŽ¥åœ¨è´¦ç°¿çª—å£ä¸ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>R</guilabel>列æ¥å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œå¿…须使用对账窗å£ã€‚ä¸€æ—¦äº¤æ˜“è¢«æ ‡è®°ä¸º<emphasis>已对账</emphasis>，就ä¸èƒ½å†éšæ„更改，除éžåœ¨ä¸‹ä¸€æ¬¡å¯¹è´¦ä¸æ•…æ„输入错误的<link linkend="rec-start-blnc"><guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel></link>。</para>
</note>
<warning>
- <para>è¦å……分ç†è§£å¯¹è´¦æ˜¯é’ˆå¯¹æŸä¸€ç»™å®šçš„日期进行的，这一点å分é‡è¦ã€‚å½“ä½ æ ¹æ®æŸä¸€ç»™å®šæ—¥æœŸçš„è´¦å•å¯¹ç§‘ç›®å¯¹è´¦æ—¶ï¼Œä½ æ˜¯åœ¨å¯¹<emphasis role="strong">æ¤æ—¥æœŸä¹‹å‰çš„所有交易</emphasis>è¿›è¡Œå¯¹è´¦ã€‚å› æ¤ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ æ·»åŠ æˆ–ä¿®æ”¹ä½ æœ€åŽä¸€æ¬¡å¯¹è´¦æ—¥æœŸä¹‹å‰çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œä½ çš„<emphasis role="strong">已对账</emphasis>ä½™é¢ä¼šå›žåˆ°ä¹‹å‰çš„æ•°é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>特别é‡è¦çš„是，è¦å……分ç†è§£å¯¹è´¦æ˜¯é’ˆå¯¹æŸä¸€ç»™å®šçš„æ—¥æœŸè¿›è¡Œçš„ã€‚å½“ä½ æ ¹æ®æŸä¸€ç‰¹å®šæ—¥æœŸçš„è´¦å•ä¸ºç§‘ç›®å¯¹è´¦æ—¶ï¼Œä½ æ˜¯åœ¨å¯¹<emphasis role="strong">æ¤æ—¥æœŸä¹‹å‰çš„所有交易</emphasis>è¿›è¡Œå¯¹è´¦ã€‚å› æ¤ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ æ·»åŠ æˆ–ä¿®æ”¹æœ€åŽä¸€æ¬¡å¯¹è´¦æ—¥æœŸä¹‹å‰çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œä½ çš„<emphasis role="strong">已对账</emphasis>ä½™é¢ä¼šå˜å›žä¹‹å‰çš„æ•°é¢ã€‚</para>
</warning>
<sect3 id="txns-reconcile-window2">
<title>对账窗å£</title>
- <para>对账窗å£ç”¨äºŽæ ¹æ®é“¶è¡Œæˆ–其它机构å‘é€ç»™ä½ çš„è´¦å•å¯¹æŸä¸€&app;科目进行对账。 对账是很有用的，ä¸ä»…å¯ä»¥æ ¹æ®é“¶è¡Œçš„记录å†æ¬¡æ ¸å¯¹è´¦ç°¿ä¸çš„交易记录，也å¯ä»¥çŸ¥é“哪些交易还未付款，如未结账的账å•ã€‚
+ <para>对账窗å£ç”¨äºŽæ ¹æ®é“¶è¡Œæˆ–其它机构å‘é€ç»™ä½ çš„è´¦å•ä¸ºæŸä¸€&app;科目进行对账。对账是很有用的，ä¸ä»…å¯ä»¥æ ¹æ®é“¶è¡Œçš„记录å†æ¬¡æ ¸å¯¹è´¦ç°¿ä¸çš„交易记录，也å¯ä»¥å¾—知哪些交易还未结清，比如未付款的账å•ã€‚
<!-- but also to get a better idea of outstanding transactions, e.g. uncashed checks. -->
</para>
- <para>è¦ä½¿ç”¨å¯¹è´¦çª—å£ï¼Œä»Žç§‘目表ä¸é€‰æ‹©ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目并点击<menuchoice>
+ <para>è¦ï¼Œä»Žç§‘ç›®æ ‘ä¸é€‰æ‹©ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目并点击<menuchoice>
<guimenu>功能</guimenu> <guimenuitem>对账</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>，会出现如下所示的窗å£ï¼Œå¯ä»¥åœ¨è¿™é‡Œè¾“入对账信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+ </menuchoice>打开对账窗å£ï¼Œå¦‚下所示，å¯ä»¥åœ¨æ¤å¤„输入对账信æ¯ã€‚</para>
<figure>
<title>åˆå§‹çš„对账窗å£</title>
@@ -479,7 +480,7 @@
<term><guilabel>è´¦å•æ—¥æœŸ</guilabel></term>
<listitem>
- <para>对账所ä¾æ®è´¦å•çš„日期。</para>
+ <para>对账所ä¾æ®çš„银行账å•çš„日期。</para>
<tip>
<para>点击æ¤è¾“入框å³ä¾§çš„下拉ç®å¤´æ‰“开日历。</para>
@@ -498,17 +499,17 @@
</warning>
<note>
- <para>首次对账时，<guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>会是<guilabel>0.00</guilabel>，所以æ¤å¤„显示的期åˆä½™é¢å¯èƒ½ä¸Žè¯¥ç§‘目的“<emphasis>期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>â€äº¤æ˜“ä¸ç›¸åŒã€‚在对科目对账时，“期åˆä½™é¢â€äº¤æ˜“ä¹Ÿåº”å½“è¢«å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œè¿™æ ·åšç»“æžœæ‰ä¼šæ˜¯å¹³è¡¡çš„。</para>
+ <para>首次对账时，<guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>会是<guilabel>0.00</guilabel>，所以æ¤å¤„显示的期åˆä½™é¢å¯èƒ½ä¸Žè¯¥ç§‘目的“<emphasis>期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>â€äº¤æ˜“ä¸ç›¸åŒã€‚在对科目对账时，“期åˆä½™é¢â€äº¤æ˜“ä¹Ÿåº”å½“æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œè¿™æ ·åšç»“æžœæ‰ä¼šæ˜¯ç›¸ç¬¦çš„。</para>
</note>
<tip>
- <para>如果先å‰çš„交易由于失误被å–æ¶ˆå¯¹è´¦ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ç®€å•åœ°å’Œå½“å‰é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•è®°å½•çš„交易一起é‡æ–°å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œç»“果应该的平衡的。</para>
+ <para>如果先å‰çš„äº¤æ˜“å› å¤±è¯¯è¢«å–æ¶ˆå¯¹è´¦ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥æ”¾å¿ƒä¸Žå½“å‰é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•è®°å½•çš„交易一起é‡æ–°å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œç»“果应该的平衡的。</para>
- <para>åœ¨è¯¯åˆ é™¤ä¹‹å‰å·²ç»å¯¹è´¦çš„äº¤æ˜“æ—¶ï¼Œäº‹æƒ…æœ‰äº›æ£˜æ‰‹ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸ç¡®å®šè¢«åˆ é™¤çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œä¹Ÿæ— æ³•å°†ä¹‹å¤åŽŸåˆ°è´¦ç°¿ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦åˆ›å»ºä¸€é¡¹è™šæ‹Ÿäº¤æ˜“，以完æˆå¯¹è´¦ã€‚</para>
+ <para>åœ¨å› å¤±è¯¯åˆ é™¤å…ˆå‰å·²ç»å¯¹è´¦çš„äº¤æ˜“æ—¶ï¼Œäº‹æƒ…æœ‰äº›æ£˜æ‰‹ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸ç¡®å®šåˆ é™¤äº†ä»€ä¹ˆï¼Œä¹Ÿæ— æ³•å°†ä¹‹å¤åŽŸåˆ°è´¦ç°¿ï¼Œé‚£ä½ å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦åˆ›å»ºä¸€é¡¹è™šæ‹Ÿäº¤æ˜“，以完æˆå¯¹è´¦ã€‚</para>
</tip>
<caution>
- <para>ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œåªæœ‰åœ¨ä¸ªäººè®°è´¦æ—¶ï¼ŒåŽä¸€ç§æƒ…况æ‰ä¸æˆé—®é¢˜ï¼›å¦‚æžœä½ æ˜¯ç¤¾å›¢æˆ–å…¬å¸çš„ä¼šè®¡å¸ˆï¼Œä½ åº”å½“å¯¹å®¡è®¡å¸ˆå¥½å¥½ä½œå‡ºè§£é‡Šã€‚</para>
+ <para>ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œåªæœ‰åœ¨ä¸ªäººè®°è´¦æ—¶ï¼ŒåŽä¸€ç§æƒ…况æ‰ä¸æˆé—®é¢˜ï¼›å¦‚æžœä½ æ˜¯ç¤¾å›¢æˆ–å…¬å¸çš„ä¼šè®¡å¸ˆï¼Œä½ åº”å½“è·Ÿå®¡è®¡å¸ˆå¥½å¥½è§£é‡Šã€‚</para>
</caution>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -529,7 +530,7 @@
<term><guilabel>包å«å科目</guilabel></term>
<listitem>
- <para>è¦ä¸€å¹¶å¯¹è´¦å½“å‰æ‰€é€‰ç§‘目下的å科目的交易，请勾选æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚注æ„，è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ¤åŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œå科目的商å“应当与父科目相åŒã€‚</para>
+ <para>è¦æŠŠå½“å‰æ‰€é€‰ç§‘目下的å科目的交易一åŒå¯¹è´¦ï¼Œè¯·å‹¾é€‰æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚注æ„，è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ¤åŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œå科目的商å“应当与父科目相åŒã€‚</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -537,13 +538,10 @@
<term><guibutton>输入利æ¯ä»˜æ¬¾</guibutton></term>
<listitem>
- <para>点击æ¤æŒ‰é’®ä¼šæ‰“开新窗å£ï¼Œå¯ä»¥è¾“å…¥è¦å¯¹è´¦çš„科目的利æ¯äº¤æ˜“。</para>
+ <para>点击æ¤æŒ‰é’®ä¼šæ‰“开新窗å£ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ä¸ºè¦å¯¹è´¦çš„科目输入利æ¯äº¤æ˜“。</para>
<tip>
- <para><guilabel>利æ¯ä»˜æ¬¾</guilabel>窗å£å¯èƒ½ä¼šåœ¨ä¸º<emphasis>银行</emphasis>ã€
- <emphasis>信用å¡</emphasis>ã€<emphasis>å…±åŒåŸºé‡‘</emphasis>ã€
- <emphasis>资产</emphasis>ã€<emphasis>应收账款</emphasis>ã€
- <emphasis>应付账款</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>负债</emphasis>科目å¯åŠ¨å¯¹è´¦æ—¶è‡ªåŠ¨æ‰“å¼€ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æƒ³ä¸ºæ‰€æœ‰å…ˆå‰çš„科目ç¦ç”¨æ¤è¡Œä¸ºï¼Œå‰å¾€<guilabel>&appname;首选项</guilabel>çš„<guilabel>账簿</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼Œå¹¶å–消勾选<guilabel>自动利æ¯è½¬è´¦@</guilabel>选项。å¦å¤–，åªæ˜¯ä¸ºé€‰æ‹©çš„科目ç¦ç”¨æ¤è¡Œä¸ºï¼Œå¯åœ¨<guilabel>利æ¯ä»˜æ¬¾</guilabel>窗å£ä¸ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>æ¤ç§‘ç›®æ— éœ€è‡ªåŠ¨åˆ©æ¯æ”¯ä»˜@</guibutton>按钮。
+ <para><guilabel>利æ¯ä»˜æ¬¾</guilabel>窗å£å¯èƒ½ä¼šåœ¨ä¸º<emphasis>银行</emphasis>ã€<emphasis>信用å¡</emphasis>ã€<emphasis>å…±åŒåŸºé‡‘</emphasis>ã€<emphasis>资产</emphasis>ã€<emphasis>应收账款</emphasis>ã€<emphasis>应付账款</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>负债</emphasis>科目å¯åŠ¨å¯¹è´¦æ—¶è‡ªåŠ¨æ‰“å¼€ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æƒ³ä¸ºæ‰€æœ‰å…ˆå‰çš„科目ç¦ç”¨æ¤è¡Œä¸ºï¼Œå‰å¾€<guilabel>&appname;首选项</guilabel>çš„<guilabel>账簿</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼Œå–消勾选<guilabel>自动利æ¯è½¬è´¦<!-- ToDoZ --></guilabel>选项。å¦å¤–，如果åªæ˜¯ä¸ºé€‰æ‹©çš„科目ç¦ç”¨æ¤è¡Œä¸ºï¼Œå¯åœ¨<guilabel>利æ¯ä»˜æ¬¾</guilabel>窗å£ä¸ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>æ¤ç§‘ç›®æ— éœ€è‡ªåŠ¨åˆ©æ¯æ”¯ä»˜<!-- ToDoZ --></guibutton>按钮。
</para>
</tip>
</listitem>
@@ -569,51 +567,49 @@
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>窗å£ä¸çš„两列分别å«åš<guilabel>转入</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>转出</guilabel>，列出了属于æ¤ç§‘目的所有未对账交易，这些交易就是马上è¦å¯¹è´¦çš„。其ä¸çš„<guilabel>R</guilabel>列表示交易是å¦å·²å¯¹è´¦ã€‚</para>
+ <para>窗å£ä¸çš„两列分别å«åš<guilabel>转入</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>转出</guilabel>，列出了æ¤ç§‘目下所有未对账交易，接下æ¥å°±æ˜¯è¦ä¸ºè¿™äº›äº¤æ˜“进行对账。其ä¸çš„<guilabel>R</guilabel>列表示交易是å¦å·²å¯¹è´¦ã€‚</para>
- <para>现在，检查银行账å•ä¸çš„æ¯ä¸€é¡¹ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸å¯»æ‰¾å…¶åŒ¹é…项。</para>
+ <para>现在，检查银行账å•ä¸çš„æ¯ä¸€æ¡è®°å½•ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸å¯»æ‰¾å…¶åŒ¹é…项。</para>
<para>å¦‚æžœä½ æ‰¾ä¸åˆ°æŸé¡¹äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œä½ æˆ–è®¸æ˜¯å¿˜è®°å½•å…¥è¿™é¡¹äº¤æ˜“æˆ–ä¸çŸ¥é“这项交易已ç»å‘ç”Ÿã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>新建</guibutton>按钮或<menuchoice>
<guimenu>交易</guimenu><guimenuitem>新建</guimenuitem>
- </menuchoice>èœå•é¡¹æ‰“开账簿窗å£è¾“å…¥é—æ¼çš„交易。新创建的交易会在账簿ä¸å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹<guibutton>Enter</guibutton>键时在<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸å‡ºçŽ°ã€‚
+ </menuchoice>èœå•é¡¹æ‰“开账簿窗å£å½•å…¥é—æ¼çš„交易。新创建的交易会当在账簿ä¸å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap>Enter</keycap>键时在<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸å‡ºçŽ°ã€‚
</para>
- <para>当在<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸å‘现了相应的交易时，对比æ¤äº¤æ˜“的金é¢ä¸Žé“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ä¸Šçš„金é¢ã€‚如果两者ä¸ä¸€è‡´ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½åœ¨&app;ä¸æŠŠäº¤æ˜“è¾“é”™äº†ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>ä¸çš„<guibutton>编辑</guibutton>按钮或
- <menuchoice>
+ <para>当在<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸å‘现了相应的交易时，对比æ¤äº¤æ˜“的金é¢ä¸Žé“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ä¸Šçš„金é¢ã€‚如果两者ä¸ä¸€è‡´ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½åœ¨&app;ä¸æŠŠäº¤æ˜“è¾“å…¥é”™äº†ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>ä¸çš„<guibutton>编辑</guibutton>按钮或<menuchoice>
<guimenu>交易</guimenu><guimenuitem>编辑</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>èœå•é¡¹æ‰“开账簿窗å£ä¿®æ£é”™è¯¯ã€‚</para>
- <para>如果金é¢ç›¸ç¬¦ï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸çš„相应项。会在所选交易的<guilabel>R</guilabel>列处打上对勾。&app;会自动更新å³ä¸‹æ–¹æ€»è®¡é¢æ¿ä¸çš„金é¢ã€‚</para>
+ <para>如果金é¢ç›¸ç¬¦ï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸çš„相应项，所选交易的<guilabel>R</guilabel>列处会打上对勾。&app;会自动更新å³ä¸‹æ–¹<guilabel>åˆè®¡</guilabel>é¢æ¿ä¸çš„金é¢ã€‚</para>
<tip>
- <para>å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<keycap>上</keycap>与<keycap>下</keycap> æ–¹å‘键在ä¸åŒæ¡ç›®é—´åˆ‡æ¢ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨
- <keycap>ç©ºæ ¼</keycap>键将æ¡ç›®æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨<keycap>Tab</keycap>键在ä¸åŒé¢æ¿é—´åˆ‡æ¢ã€‚
+ <para>å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<keycap>上</keycap>与<keycap>下</keycap> æ–¹å‘键在ä¸åŒæ¡ç›®é—´åˆ‡æ¢ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨<keycap>ç©ºæ ¼</keycap>键将æ¡ç›®æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨<keycap>Tab</keycap>键在ä¸åŒé¢æ¿é—´åˆ‡æ¢ã€‚
</para>
</tip>
- <para>接下æ¥ï¼Œå¯¹é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ä¸Šçš„æ¯ä¸€æ¡é‡å¤è¿™ä¸€æ“作，验è¯é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•çš„金é¢ç¬¦åˆ&app;ä¸ç›¸åº”交易的金é¢ï¼Œç„¶åŽå°†&app;ä¸çš„ç›¸åº”äº¤æ˜“æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ã€‚</para>
+ <para>接下æ¥ï¼Œå¯¹é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ä¸Šçš„æ¯ä¸€æ¡è®°å½•é‡å¤è¿™ä¸€æ“作，验è¯é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ä¸å„æ¡è®°å½•çš„金é¢ç¬¦åˆ&app;ä¸ç›¸åº”交易的金é¢ï¼Œç„¶åŽå°†&app;ä¸çš„ç›¸åº”äº¤æ˜“æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ã€‚</para>
<tip>
<para>在任一é¢æ¿ä¸ï¼Œç‚¹å‡»å…¶ä¸ä¸€é¡¹äº¤æ˜“，按下<keycap>Ctrl-A</keycap>，å†æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap>ç©ºæ ¼</keycap>，就å¯ä»¥å‹¾é€‰æˆ–å–消勾选所有交易的对账状æ€ã€‚æ¤æ“作将é¢æ¿ä¸æ‰€æœ‰äº¤æ˜“的对账状æ€ç»Ÿä¸€åˆ‡æ¢ä¸ºå‹¾é€‰æˆ–å–消勾选，å¯ä»¥é‡å¤æ¤æ“作将é¢æ¿ä¸çš„交易切æ¢ä¸ºéœ€è¦çš„状æ€ã€‚</para>
</tip>
<para>
- <guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£çš„底部是<guilabel>å·®é¢</guilabel>统计项，对账完æˆåŽä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºä¸º<guilabel>0.00</guilabel>。如果æ¤é¡¹æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†å…¶å®ƒå€¼ï¼Œè¯´æ˜Žåœ¨&app;ä¸è¦ä¹ˆé—æ¼äº†ä¸€äº›äº¤æ˜“，è¦ä¹ˆä¸€äº›äº¤æ˜“的金é¢ä¸æ£ç¡®ã€‚（也å¯èƒ½æ˜¯é“¶è¡Œå‡ºé”™äº†ï¼Œä½†åŸºæœ¬ä¸Šä¸å¯èƒ½ã€‚）
+ <guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£çš„底部有<guilabel>å·®é¢</guilabel>统计项，对账完æˆåŽåº”显示为<guilabel>0.00</guilabel>。如果æ¤å¤„显示了其它值，说明在&app;ä¸è¦ä¹ˆé—æ¼äº†ä¸€äº›äº¤æ˜“，è¦ä¹ˆä¸€äº›äº¤æ˜“的金é¢ä¸æ£ç¡®ã€‚（也å¯èƒ½æ˜¯é“¶è¡Œå‡ºé”™äº†ï¼Œä¸è¿‡åŸºæœ¬ä¸Šä¸å¯èƒ½ã€‚）
</para>
<note>
- <para>一些情况下，找出科目为什么账目ä¸ç¬¦å¾ˆå›°éš¾ç”šè‡³ä¸å¯èƒ½ã€‚如果ä¸èƒ½ä¿®æ£è´¦ç°¿ä¸Žé“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ä¹‹é—´çš„差异，å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>平衡@</guibutton>æŒ‰é’®ï¼Œè‡ªåŠ¨ä»¥æ— æ³•å¯¹è´¦çš„é‡‘é¢åˆ›å»ºäº¤æ˜“æ¥ç¡®ä¿ä¸¤è€…ä½™é¢ç›¸ç¬¦ã€‚
+ <para>æŸäº›æƒ…况下，找出科目为什么账目ä¸ç¬¦å¾ˆå›°éš¾ç”šè‡³ä¸å¯èƒ½ã€‚如果ä¸èƒ½ä¿®æ£è´¦ç°¿ä¸Žé“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ä¹‹é—´çš„差异，å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>平衡<!-- ToDoZ: ä¿®æ£PO --></guibutton>按钮，自动用ä¸å¹³è¡¡çš„金é¢åˆ›å»ºäº¤æ˜“æ¥ç¡®ä¿ä¸¤è€…ä½™é¢ç›¸ç¬¦ã€‚
</para>
- <para>è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ¤åŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œå……åˆ†å¯¹è´¦ï¼ˆå°†æ‰€æœ‰ä½ èƒ½å¤Ÿè¾¨è¯†çš„äº¤æ˜“æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ï¼‰åŽï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>平衡</guibutton>按钮。&app;会使用<emphasis>特殊科目:å¤ç«‹çš„-XXX</emphasis>科目（其ä¸â€œXXXâ€ä»£è¡¨ä½ çš„è´§å¸ï¼‰æ ¹æ®ä»å˜åœ¨çš„å·®é¢åˆ›å»ºä½™é¢å¹³è¡¡äº¤æ˜“项。æ¤æ—¶<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¼šå…³é—。é‡æ–°æ‰“开对账窗å£åŽï¼Œå¯ä»¥æ£€æŸ¥æ–°åˆ›å»ºçš„ä½™é¢å¹³è¡¡äº¤æ˜“并结æŸå¯¹è´¦è¿‡ç¨‹ã€‚</para>
+ <para>è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ¤åŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œå°½é‡å¯¹è´¦ï¼ˆå°†æ‰€æœ‰ä½ èƒ½å¤Ÿè¾¨è¯†çš„äº¤æ˜“æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ï¼‰åŽï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>平衡</guibutton>按钮。&app;会使用<emphasis>特殊科目:å¤ç«‹çš„-XXX</emphasis>科目（其ä¸â€œXXXâ€ä»£è¡¨ä½ çš„è´§å¸ï¼‰æ ¹æ®ä»å˜åœ¨çš„å·®é¢åˆ›å»ºä½™é¢å¹³è¡¡äº¤æ˜“项。æ¤æ—¶<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¼šå…³é—。é‡æ–°æ‰“开对账窗å£åŽï¼Œå¯ä»¥æ£€æŸ¥æ–°åˆ›å»ºçš„ä½™é¢å¹³è¡¡äº¤æ˜“并结æŸå¯¹è´¦è¿‡ç¨‹ã€‚</para>
</note>
- <para>在将所有与银行账å•ä¸Šçš„æ¡ç›®ç›¸å¯¹åº”çš„äº¤æ˜“æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ä¸”å·®é¢ä¸º0.00时，点击<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>结æŸ</guibutton>按钮，或从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
+ <para>在将全部与银行账å•ä¸Šçš„æ¡ç›®ç›¸å¯¹åº”çš„äº¤æ˜“æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ä¸”å·®é¢ä¸º0.00时，点击<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>结æŸ</guibutton>按钮，或从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
<guimenu>对账</guimenu><guimenuitem>结æŸ</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>。<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¼šå…³é—。在账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå·²å¯¹è´¦äº¤æ˜“çš„<guilabel>R</guilabel>列会å˜ä¸º<emphasis>y</emphasis>。
</para>
-<!-- ToDo: 这一段我没看明白 -->
+<!-- ToDoZ: 这一段我没看明白 -->
<!-- <para>
In this case, we have not received all the information yet, so we simply press the
<guibutton>Postpone</guibutton> button, so we can continue at a later stage. Observe that
@@ -642,20 +638,19 @@
<sect2 id="txns-sxn1">
<title>计划交易</title>
- <para>计划交易功能å¯ä»¥å¸®åŠ©åˆ›å»ºé‡å¤çš„交易，åƒæ˜¯è®¢é˜…ã€ä¿é™©æˆ–税费。使用计划交易，åªéœ€å½•å…¥ä¸€æ¬¡å…³å¿ƒçš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œè®¾ç½®å‡ ä¸ªåƒå¼€å§‹æ—¥æœŸã€é¢‘率和些许æè¿°è¿™æ ·çš„å‚数，然åŽ&app;就会告知到底什么时候计划交易会准备好创建，并在那时候创建交易。
+ <para>计划交易功能å¯ä»¥å¸®åŠ©åˆ›å»ºé‡å¤çš„交易，åƒæ˜¯æŠ¥åˆŠè®¢é˜…è´¹ã€ä¿é™©æˆ–税费。使用计划交易，åªéœ€å½•å…¥ä¸€æ¬¡å…³å¿ƒçš„交易，设置开始日期ã€é¢‘率和些许æè¿°ç‰å‚数，然åŽ&app;就会告知到底什么时候准备创建计划好的交易，并到那时候创建交易。
</para>
<para>在这一部分的指å—ä¸ï¼Œæˆ‘们拿æ¯æœˆ28日交纳20元的互è”网接入费为例å。</para>
<para>在&app;ä¸ï¼Œæœ‰ä¸¤ç§åˆ›å»ºè®¡åˆ’交易的方å¼ï¼Œ
- <link linkend="txns-sxn-ledger2">从账簿创建计划交易</link>或是使用
- <link linkend="txns-sxn-editor2">计划交易编辑器</link>。
+ <link linkend="txns-sxn-ledger2">从账簿创建计划交易</link>或是使用<link linkend="txns-sxn-editor2">计划交易编辑器</link>。
</para>
<sect3 id="txns-sxn-ledger2">
<title>从账簿创建计划交易</title>
- <para>在账簿ä¸å½•å…¥è®¡åˆ’交易ä¸çš„第一次交易。在<guilabel>转账</guilabel>列ä¸ï¼Œè¾“å…¥<emphasis>费用:互è”网</emphasis>，如下图所示。</para>
+ <para>在账簿ä¸å½•å…¥ä¸€ç³»åˆ—计划交易ä¸çš„第一次交易。在<guilabel>转账</guilabel>列ä¸ï¼Œè¾“å…¥<emphasis>费用:网费</emphasis>，如下图所示。</para>
<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
<figure>
@@ -671,10 +666,10 @@
</figure>
<note>
- <para>由于我们还没有创建<emphasis>费用:互è”网</emphasis>科目，&app;会æ示创建æ¤ç§‘目。</para>
+ <para>由于我们还没有创建<emphasis>费用:网费</emphasis>科目，&app;会æ示创建æ¤ç§‘目。</para>
</note>
- <para>然åŽï¼Œå³å‡»åˆšæ‰åˆ›å»ºçš„交易，选择<guilabel>计划...</guilabel> 。</para>
+ <para>然åŽï¼Œå³å‡»åˆšæ‰åˆ›å»ºçš„交易，选择<guilabel>计划…</guilabel> 。</para>
<figure>
<title>从账簿创建计划交易的第2æ¥</title>
@@ -719,19 +714,19 @@
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>按钮，计划交易就创建好了。&app;现已记下了æ¤è®¡åˆ’交易，而且在下个月28日会弹出窗å£è¯¢é—®æ˜¯å¦è¦åˆ›å»ºæ–°çš„交易（å¯è§åŽæ–‡çš„截图）。</para>
+ <para>点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>按钮，计划交易就创建好了。&app;现已记下了æ¤è®¡åˆ’交易，到下个月28日会弹出窗å£è¯¢é—®æ˜¯å¦è¦åˆ›å»ºæ–°çš„交易（å¯è§åŽæ–‡çš„å±å¹•æˆªå›¾ï¼‰ã€‚</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="txns-sxn-editor2">
<title>从编辑器创建计划交易</title>
- <para>录入计划交易的å¦ä¸€ç§æ–¹å¼æ˜¯é€šè¿‡<guilabel>计划交易编辑器</guilabel>ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä¸€æ¬¡æœ‰å‡ ä¸ªè®¡åˆ’äº¤æ˜“è¦åˆ›å»ºï¼Œé‚£è¿™æ ·åšä¼šå¿«äº›ã€‚</para>
+ <para>录入计划交易的å¦ä¸€ç§æ–¹å¼æ˜¯é€šè¿‡<guilabel>计划交易编辑器</guilabel>，如果一次è¦åˆ›å»ºå‡ é¡¹è®¡åˆ’äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œé‚£è¿™æ ·åšä¼šå¿«äº›ã€‚</para>
- <para>从科目窗å£<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>，选择<menuchoice>
+ <para>选择科目窗å£<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>ä¸çš„<menuchoice>
<guimenu>功能</guimenu><guisubmenu>计划交易</guisubmenu>
- <guimenuitem>计划交易编辑器@</guimenuitem>
+ <guimenuitem>计划交易编辑器</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>。<guilabel>计划交易</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µä¼šåœ¨å½“å‰&app;窗å£ä¸æ‰“开，如下图所示：
- </para>
+ </para><!-- ToDoZ: PO -->
<figure>
<title>ç©ºç™½çš„è®¡åˆ’äº¤æ˜“æ ‡ç¾é¡µ</title>
@@ -742,7 +737,7 @@
srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>空白的<guilabel>计划交易</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µ
+ <para>空白的<guilabel>计划交易</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -765,7 +760,7 @@
srccredit="Cristian Marchi" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para><guimenuitem>编辑计划交易</guimenuitem>窗å£ï¼Œ<guilabel>概览</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µ
+ <para><guimenuitem>编辑计划交易</guimenuitem>窗å£ï¼Œ<guilabel>概览</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -796,7 +791,7 @@
<term><guilabel>自动创建</guilabel></term>
<listitem>
- <para>若勾选，&app;会ä¸ç»æå‰è¯¢é—®è€Œæ’å…¥æ¤äº¤æ˜“（详è§ä¸‹æ–‡ï¼‰ã€‚如果需è¦ï¼Œå‹¾é€‰<guilabel>在创建时通知我</guilabel>选项，æ¥åœ¨äº¤æ˜“被录入时获得æ示。
+ <para>若勾选，&app;会ä¸ç»æå‰è¯¢é—®è€Œæ’å…¥æ¤äº¤æ˜“（详è§ä¸‹æ–‡ï¼‰ã€‚如果需è¦ï¼Œå‹¾é€‰<guilabel>在创建时通知我</guilabel>选项，æ¥åœ¨åˆ›å»ºäº¤æ˜“时获得æ示。
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -814,16 +809,20 @@
<term><guilabel>æå‰æ醒</guilabel></term>
<listitem>
- <para>设置è¦æå‰å¤šå°‘天æ醒。æ¤åŠŸèƒ½æœ‰å¾ˆå¤šç”¨å¤„ï¼Œä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå½“ä½ éœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ”¯ç¥¨æ”¯ä»˜è´¹ç”¨çš„时候，æå‰ä¸€å‘¨æé†’æœ‰åŠ©äºŽä½ åœ¨æˆªæ¢æ—¥æœŸå‰é€å‡ºæ”¯ç¥¨ã€‚
+ <para>设置è¦æå‰å¤šå°‘天æ醒。例如，这个选项å¯ä»¥ç”¨äºŽå½“ä½ éœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ”¯ç¥¨æ”¯ä»˜è´¹ç”¨çš„时候，æå‰ä¸€å‘¨æé†’æœ‰åŠ©äºŽä½ åœ¨æˆªæ¢æ—¥æœŸå‰é€å‡ºæ”¯ç¥¨ã€‚ <!--
+ Sets how many days in advance a reminder is presented. This can be used, for example, when you have
+ to pay something by check, and a reminder one week before allows you to send your
+ check before the deadline. -->
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
-
- <para>设置<guilabel>执行</guilabel>é¢æ¿å¯ä»¥å‘Šè¯‰&app;计划交易ä¸ä¼šæ°¸è¿œæŒç»ä¸‹åŽ»ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚å¦‚æžœä½ åœ¨å¿è¿˜è´·æ¬¾ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥è¾“入还款结æŸæ—¥æœŸæˆ–贷款剩余期数。
+
+ <!-- ToDoZ: Occurence 循环X 执行 -->
+ <para><guilabel>执行</guilabel>é¢æ¿ä¸çš„选项å¯ä»¥å‘Šè¯‰&app;计划交易ä¸ä¼šæ°¸è¿œæŒç»ä¸‹åŽ»ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ åœ¨å¿è¿˜è´·æ¬¾ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥è¾“入还款结æŸæ—¥æœŸæˆ–贷款剩余期数。
</para>
- <para>现在选择<guilabel>编辑计划交易</guilabel>窗å£ä¸çš„<guilabel>频率</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚æ¤å¤„å¯ä»¥è®¾ç½®ä¸Žæ—¶é—´ç›¸å…³çš„选项。
+ <para>现在选择<guilabel>编辑计划交易</guilabel>窗å£ä¸çš„<guilabel>频率</guilabel>选项å¡ã€‚æ¤å¤„å¯ä»¥è®¾ç½®ä¸Žæ—¶é—´ç›¸å…³çš„选项。
</para>
<figure>
@@ -839,7 +838,7 @@
srccredit="Cristian Marchi" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para><guimenuitem>编辑计划交易</guimenuitem>窗å£ï¼Œ<guilabel>频率</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µ
+ <para><guimenuitem>编辑计划交易</guimenuitem>窗å£ï¼Œ<guilabel>频率</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -857,7 +856,7 @@
</para>
<note>
- <para>也å¯ä»¥æ›´æ”¹<guilabel>æ¯â€¦</guilabel>选项，将交易的å‘生周期设为<guilabel>频率</guilabel>ä¸æ‰€ç»™é€‰é¡¹ä»¥å¤–的值，详è§ä¸‹æ–‡ã€‚
+ <para>也å¯ä»¥æ›´æ”¹<guilabel>æ¯â€¦</guilabel>选项，将交易的å‘生周期设为<guilabel>频率</guilabel>ä¸æ‰€æ供选项以外的值，详è§ä¸‹æ–‡ã€‚
</para>
</note>
</listitem>
@@ -892,14 +891,14 @@
</variablelist>
<note>
- <para>我们知é“网费在æ¯æœˆ28å·äº¤ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥<guilabel>起始日期</guilabel>是11月1å·ï¼ˆå‡è®¾ä¸‹ä¸ªæœˆæ˜¯11月），<guilabel>频率</guilabel>是<guilabel>æ¯æœˆ</guilabel>。由于在æ¤ä¾‹ä¸ï¼Œä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨æ·»åŠ ç½‘è´¹äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥æ— éœ€æå‰åˆ›å»ºï¼Œä¹Ÿä¸ç”¨ç»™å‡ºç»“æŸæ—¥æœŸã€‚
+ <para>我们知é“网费在æ¯æœˆ28å·äº¤ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥<guilabel>起始日期</guilabel>是11月1å·ï¼ˆå‡è®¾ä¸‹ä¸ªæœˆæ˜¯11月），<guilabel>频率</guilabel>是<guilabel>æ¯æœˆ</guilabel>。在æ¤ä¾‹ä¸ï¼Œç½‘è´¹äº¤æ˜“ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨æ·»åŠ ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥æ— éœ€æå‰åˆ›å»ºï¼Œä¹Ÿä¸ç”¨ç»™å‡ºç»“æŸæ—¥æœŸã€‚
</para>
</note>
- <para>当æ¤æ ‡ç¾é¡µä¸çš„选项被填充åŽï¼Œ&app;会在下方的日历ä¸æ ‡è®°å‡ºå°†æ¥çš„交易会在哪些日期执行。
+ <para>当æ¤æ ‡ç¾é¡µä¸çš„选项填写完毕åŽï¼Œ&app;会在下方的日历ä¸æ ‡å‡ºå°†æ¥çš„交易会在哪些日期执行。
</para>
- <para>最åŽé€‰æ‹©<guilabel>交易模æ¿@</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼Œåœ¨ä¸‹æ–¹åƒåœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸é‚£æ ·å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“，åªæ˜¯ä¸å¡«æ—¥æœŸã€‚别忘了点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>å›¾æ ‡ä»¥ç¡®è®¤å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“ã€‚
+ <para>最åŽé€‰æ‹©<guilabel>交易模æ¿@</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼Œåƒåœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸é‚£æ ·åœ¨ä¸‹é¢å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“，åªæ˜¯ä¸å¡«æ—¥æœŸã€‚别忘了点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>å›¾æ ‡ä»¥ç¡®è®¤å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“ã€‚
</para>
<para>çŽ°åœ¨ï¼Œä½ çœ‹åˆ°çš„çª—å£åº”该åƒè¿™æ ·ï¼š
@@ -918,7 +917,7 @@
srccredit="Cristian Marchi" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para><guimenuitem>编辑计划交易</guimenuitem>窗å£ï¼Œ<guilabel>交易模æ¿</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µ
+ <para><guimenuitem>编辑计划交易</guimenuitem>窗å£ï¼Œ<guilabel>交易模æ¿</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -941,7 +940,7 @@
</figure>
<tip>
- <para>点击日历区域ä¸çš„æŸå¤©ï¼Œä¸€ä¸ªè·Ÿéšé¼ æ ‡çš„å°çª—å£ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºé¼ æ ‡æŒ‡å‘的这天有哪些计划的交易。å†æ¬¡ç‚¹å‡»é¼ æ ‡éšè—å°çª—å£ã€‚
+ <para>点击日历区域ä¸çš„æŸå¤©ï¼Œä¸€ä¸ªè·Ÿéšé¼ æ ‡çš„å°çª—å£ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºé¼ æ ‡æŒ‡å‘的这天有哪些计划的交易。å†æ¬¡ç‚¹å‡»é¼ æ ‡æ¥éšè—å°çª—å£ã€‚
</para>
</tip>
@@ -968,20 +967,19 @@
</screenshot>
</figure>
- <para>若需è¦ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>状æ€</guilabel>列更改计划交易状æ€ã€‚然åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>确定</guibutton>å…³é—
- <guilabel>自从上次è¿è¡Œâ€¦</guilabel>窗å£å¹¶åº”用接下æ¥çš„æ“作。点击<guilabel>å–消</guilabel>跳过接下æ¥å½•å…¥è´¦ç°¿çš„æ“作。
+ <para>若需è¦ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>状æ€</guilabel>列更改计划交易状æ€ã€‚然åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>确定</guibutton>å…³é—<guilabel>自从上次è¿è¡Œâ€¦</guilabel>窗å£å¹¶åº”用接下æ¥çš„æ“作。点击<guilabel>å–消</guilabel>跳过接下æ¥å½•å…¥è´¦ç°¿çš„æ“作。
</para>
- <para>如果<guilabel>状æ€</guilabel>列设为<guilabel>将创建@</guilabel>，查看银行科目账簿，会å‘现交易已ç»è¢«åˆ›å»ºäº†ã€‚
+ <para>如果<guilabel>状æ€</guilabel>列设为<guilabel>å°†è¦åˆ›å»º</guilabel>，æµè§ˆç›¸åº”科目账簿，会å‘现交易已ç»è¢«åˆ›å»ºäº†ã€‚
</para>
<tip>
- <para>若勾选<guilabel>自从上次è¿è¡Œâ€¦</guilabel>窗å£å³ä¸‹è§’<guilabel>查看创建的交易</guilabel>选项，点击<guibutton>确定</guibutton>åŽï¼Œ&app;会自动打开录入计划交易的æ¯ä¸ªç§‘目。
+ <para>若勾选<guilabel>自从上次è¿è¡Œâ€¦</guilabel>窗å£å³ä¸‹è§’<guilabel>检查创建的交易</guilabel>选项，点击<guibutton>确定</guibutton>åŽï¼Œ&app;会自动打开æ¯ä¸ªè¢«å½•å…¥è®¡åˆ’交易的科目。
</para>
</tip>
<note>
- <para>å¦‚æžœä½ åˆ°è¿™ä¸€æ¥å½•å…¥äº†4月28å·çš„交易，请<emphasis>æ¢å¤</emphasis>到最åŽä¿å˜çš„&app;文件，选择
+ <para>å¦‚æžœä½ åœ¨è¿™ä¸€æ¥å½•å…¥äº†4月28å·çš„交易，请<emphasis>æ¢å¤</emphasis>到最åŽä¿å˜çš„&app;文件，选择
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>文件</guimenu><guimenuitem>打开</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>并选择之å‰ä¿å˜çš„<filename>gcashdata_3</filename> &app; 文件。
@@ -993,7 +991,7 @@
<sect2 id="txns-puttoget1">
<title>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</title>
- <para>æœ¬ç« å‰é¢çš„å°èŠ‚讨论了处ç†äº¤æ˜“的概念和方法。这一部分会以之å‰ç« 节构建的科目表为基础进行拓展，包括设置期åˆä½™é¢ã€æ·»åŠ 交易和计划交易。
+ <para>æœ¬ç« å‰é¢çš„å°èŠ‚讨论了处ç†äº¤æ˜“的概念和方法。这一部分会以å‰æ–‡æž„建的科目表为基础进行拓展，包括设置期åˆä½™é¢ã€æ·»åŠ 交易和计划交易。
</para>
<sect3 id="txns-puttoget-openfile">
@@ -1022,7 +1020,7 @@
<sect3 id="txns-puttoget-open2">
<title>期åˆä½™é¢</title>
- <para>æ£å¦‚å‰æ–‡<xref linkend="txns-registers-twoaccount2"/>以<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>为例所述，科目的期åˆä½™é¢äº¤æ˜“一般设<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>为其转账科目。è¦ä¸ºç§‘ç›®è¡¨æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œå°±ç”±ä¸ºç§‘ç›®è®¾ç½®æœŸåˆä½™é¢å¼€å§‹ã€‚å‡å®šå‚¨è“„科目ä¸æœ‰1000元余é¢ï¼Œä¿¡ç”¨å¡æœ‰500å…ƒçš„æ¬ æ¬¾ã€‚
+ <para>æ£å¦‚å‰æ–‡<xref linkend="txns-registers-twoaccount2"/>以<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>为例所述，科目的期åˆä½™é¢äº¤æ˜“一般设<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>为转账科目。è¦ä¸ºç§‘ç›®è¡¨æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œå°±ä»Žä¸ºç§‘ç›®è®¾ç½®æœŸåˆä½™é¢å¼€å§‹ã€‚å‡å®šå‚¨è“„科目ä¸æœ‰1000元余é¢ï¼Œä¿¡ç”¨å¡æœ‰500å…ƒçš„æ¬ æ¬¾ã€‚
</para>
<orderedlist>
@@ -1032,17 +1030,17 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>在<emphasis>资产:储蓄</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥ä¸€é¡¹åŸºæœ¬çš„åŒç§‘目交易，将期åˆä½™é¢è®¾ä¸º1000元，从<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>转账。记ä½ï¼ŒåŸºæœ¬äº¤æ˜“是在å•ä¸ªæ¥æºç§‘目和å•ä¸ªç›®çš„科目之间进行转账。然åŽç¡®è®¤äº¤æ˜“（按<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键或点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>å›¾æ ‡ï¼‰ã€‚
+ <para>在<emphasis>资产:储蓄</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥ä¸€é¡¹åŸºæœ¬åŒç§‘目交易，将期åˆä½™é¢è®¾ä¸º1000元，由<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>转账。记ä½ï¼ŒåŸºæœ¬äº¤æ˜“是在å•ä¸ªæ¥æºç§‘目和å•ä¸ªç›®çš„科目之间进行转账。然åŽç¡®è®¤äº¤æ˜“（按<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键或点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>å›¾æ ‡ï¼‰ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>在<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥ä¸€ç¬”基本的åŒç§‘目交易，将期åˆä½™é¢è®¾ä¸º1000元，从<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>转账。
+ <para>在<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥ä¸€é¡¹åŸºæœ¬åŒç§‘目交易，将期åˆä½™é¢è®¾ä¸º1000元，由<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>转账。
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>在<emphasis>负债:信用å¡</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥åŸºæœ¬çš„åŒç§‘目交易，将期åˆä½™é¢è®¾ä¸º500元，从<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>转账。æ¤æ“作将500元录入为<emphasis>信用å¡</emphasis>ç§‘ç›®è´Ÿå€ºçš„å¢žåŠ ï¼ˆæˆ–è€…è¯´æ˜¯<emphasis>期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>科目金é¢å‡å°‘ï¼‰ï¼Œå› ä¸ºè¿™æ˜¯ä½ å€Ÿå…¥çš„ä¸€ç¬”é’±ã€‚ç„¶åŽç¡®è®¤äº¤æ˜“（按<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键或点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>å›¾æ ‡ï¼‰ã€‚
+ <para>在<emphasis>负债:信用å¡</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥åŸºæœ¬åŒç§‘目交易，将期åˆä½™é¢è®¾ä¸º500元，由<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>转账。æ¤æ“作将500元录入为<emphasis>信用å¡</emphasis>ç§‘ç›®è´Ÿå€ºçš„å¢žåŠ ï¼ˆæˆ–è€…è¯´æ˜¯<emphasis>期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>科目金é¢å‡å°‘ï¼‰ï¼Œå› ä¸ºè¿™æ˜¯ä½ å€Ÿå…¥çš„ä¸€ç¬”é’±ã€‚ç„¶åŽç¡®è®¤äº¤æ˜“（按<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键或点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>å›¾æ ‡ï¼‰ã€‚
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
@@ -1070,27 +1068,27 @@
<sect3 id="txns-puttoget-add2">
<title>更多交易示例</title>
- <para>接下æ¥æ·»åŠ 更多的交易以模拟一个月内的花销。在这个月里，电费花了78元，è¯è´¹èŠ±äº†45元，房租花了350元，这些都是用银行活期账户支付的。我们也花了45.21å…ƒè´ç½®æ‚货，收到了670元的薪水，也支付了这个月的网费。最åŽï¼Œä»Žå‚¨è“„账户å‘活期账户转账100元。
+ <para>接下æ¥æ·»åŠ 更多交易用以模拟一个月内的花销。在这个月里，电费花了78元，è¯è´¹èŠ±äº†45元，房租花了350元，这些都是用银行活期账户支付的。我们还花了45.21å…ƒè´ç½®æ‚货，收到了670元的薪水，也支付了这个月的网费。最åŽï¼Œä»Žå‚¨è“„账户å‘活期账户转账100元。
</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
- <para>打开<emphasis>费用:电费</emphasis>科目账簿，录入一项简å•çš„åŒç§‘目交易，内容为本月末（如：2006å¹´3月28日）支付78元的电费。输入æ述（如：国家电网）和交易编å·ï¼ˆå¦‚：102）。<guilabel>转账</guilabel>科目应当为<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>。
+ <para>打开<emphasis>费用:电费</emphasis>科目账簿，录入一项简å•åŒç§‘目交易，内容为本月末（如：2006å¹´3月28日）支付78元电费。输入æ述（如：国家电网）和交易编å·ï¼ˆå¦‚：102）。<guilabel>转账</guilabel>科目应为<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>。
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>打开<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目，并录入一项简å•çš„åŒç§‘目交易，在本月末（如：2006å¹´3月28日）支付45元的电è¯è´¹ã€‚输入æ述（如：ä¸å›½ç§»åŠ¨ï¼‰å’Œäº¤æ˜“ç¼–å·ï¼ˆå¦‚：103）。<guilabel>转账</guilabel>科目应当为<emphasis>费用:è¯è´¹</emphasis>。注æ„ä½ æ—¢å¯ä»¥ä»Žå€Ÿæ–¹ï¼ˆèŠ±è´¹ç§‘目）录入这项支出交易，也å¯ä»¥ä»Žè´·æ–¹ï¼ˆèµ„产科目）录入。@
+ <para>打开<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目，录入一项基本åŒç§‘目交易，在本月末（如：2006å¹´3月28日）支付45元电è¯è´¹ã€‚输入æ述（如：ä¸å›½ç§»åŠ¨ï¼‰å’Œäº¤æ˜“ç¼–å·ï¼ˆå¦‚：103）。<guilabel>转账</guilabel>科目应为<emphasis>费用:è¯è´¹</emphasis>。注æ„ï¼Œä½ æ—¢å¯ä»¥ä»Žå€Ÿæ–¹ï¼ˆ<emphasis>花费</emphasis>科目）录入这项支出交易，也å¯ä»¥ä»Žè´·æ–¹ï¼ˆ<emphasis>资产</emphasis>科目）录入。
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>打开<emphasis>费用:房租</emphasis>科目，录入一项简å•çš„åŒç§‘目交易，在本月末支付350元的租金（如：2006å¹´3月28日）。输入æ述（如：四月房租）和交易编å·ï¼ˆå¦‚：104）。<guilabel>转账</guilabel>科目应当为<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>。
+ <para>打开<emphasis>费用:房租</emphasis>科目，录入一项基本åŒç§‘目交易，在本月末支付350元租金（如：2006å¹´3月28日）。输入æ述（如：四月房租）和交易编å·ï¼ˆå¦‚：104）。<guilabel>转账</guilabel>科目应为<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>。
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>使用<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>创建副本@</guibutton>按钮å¤åˆ¶æ¤äº¤æ˜“。先点击当å‰çš„房租交易，å†ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>创建副本</guilabel>å›¾æ ‡ã€‚è¾“å…¥çš„äº¤æ˜“æ—¥æœŸä¸ºä»Žä»Šå¾€åŽä¸€ä¸ªæœˆï¼ˆå¦‚：2006å¹´4月28å·ï¼‰ã€‚注æ„&app;使用è“色的线æ¡æŠŠå°†æ¥çš„交易从当å‰äº¤æ˜“ä¸åˆ†éš”å¼€æ¥ã€‚è¿™æ ·ä¸€æ¥ï¼Œå¯ä»¥åœ¨äº¤æ˜“实际å‘生之å‰å°±å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“。
+ <para>使用<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>创建副本</guibutton>按钮å¤åˆ¶æ¤äº¤æ˜“。先点击当å‰çš„房租交易，å†ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>创建副本</guilabel>å›¾æ ‡ã€‚è¾“å…¥çš„äº¤æ˜“æ—¥æœŸä¸ºä»Žä»Šå¾€åŽæŽ¨ä¸€ä¸ªæœˆï¼ˆå¦‚：2006å¹´4月28å·ï¼‰ã€‚注æ„&app;使用è“色的线æ¡åˆ†éš”å°†æ¥çš„交易与当å‰çš„交易。如æ¤å¯ä»¥åœ¨äº¤æ˜“实际å‘生之å‰å°±å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“。
</para>
<para>ä½ ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥è®¾ç½®è®¡åˆ’äº¤æ˜“è®°å½•æˆ¿ç§Ÿæ”¯å‡ºï¼Œå› ä¸ºåœ¨å¯é¢„è§çš„å°†æ¥ï¼Œæˆ¿ç§Ÿé‡‘é¢å¤§æ¦‚是ä¸å˜çš„。
@@ -1109,23 +1107,23 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>è¦ä»Žå‚¨è“„账户把钱转到活期账户，打开<emphasis>资产:储蓄</emphasis>ç§‘ç›®è´¦ç°¿ï¼Œæ·»åŠ ä¸€é¡¹æ–°çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œå°†å…¶<guilabel>转账</guilabel>设为<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>，金é¢ä¸º100元（日期为2006å¹´3月6日）。
+ <para>è¦æŠŠé’±ä»Žå‚¨è“„账户转到活期账户，打开<emphasis>资产:储蓄</emphasis>ç§‘ç›®è´¦ç°¿ï¼Œæ·»åŠ ä¸€é¡¹æ–°çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œå°†å…¶<guilabel>转账</guilabel>设为<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>，金é¢ä¸º100元（日期为2006å¹´3月6日）。
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>æ·»åŠ å¦ä¸€é¡¹äº¤æ˜“æè¿°å‘生在3月5å·ä»·å€¼45.21元的æ‚è´§è´ä¹°ï¼Œè¿™æ˜¯ç®€å•åŒç§‘目交易的å¦ä¸€ä¸ªä¾‹å。在<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目ä¸ï¼Œå°†<guilabel>转账</guilabel>设为<emphasis>费用:æ‚è´§</emphasis>。
+ <para>æ·»åŠ å¦ä¸€é¡¹äº¤æ˜“，æè¿°å‘生在3月5日价值45.21元的æ‚è´§è´ä¹°ï¼Œè¿™æ˜¯ç®€å•åŒç§‘目交易的å¦ä¸€ä¸ªä¾‹å。在<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目ä¸ï¼Œå°†<guilabel>转账</guilabel>设为<emphasis>费用:æ‚è´§</emphasis>。
<!-- As another example of a simple 2 account transaction, add another transaction to describe the
purchase of $45.21 worth of groceries on 5 of March. From within the
<emphasis>Assets:Checking</emphasis> account, you would set
<guilabel>Transfer</guilabel> to <emphasis>Expenses:Groceries</emphasis>. The account
register should now appear: -->
- <!-- ToDo: 下é¢æ˜¯æ¼äº†ä»€ä¹ˆå›¾ç‰‡å— -->
+ <!-- ToDoZ: 下é¢æ˜¯æ¼äº†ä»€ä¹ˆå›¾ç‰‡å— -->
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>è¦ä»Ž<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£æ·»åŠ 薪资交易，点击新交易行，å†ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>分录</guilabel>。首先在第一行输入交易æ述（如：“公å¸å‘放工资â€ï¼‰ä»¥åŠæ—¥æœŸï¼ˆ3月14日）。在下方的分录行ä¸ï¼Œè¾“å…¥å‘<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>å˜å…¥çš„金é¢ï¼ˆå¦‚：670元）。其åŽå½•å…¥å¤šç¬”税费缴纳分录：<emphasis>费用:税费:所得税</emphasis>（如：180元）ã€<emphasis>费用:税费:医ä¿</emphasis>（如：90元）和<emphasis>费用:税费:社ä¿</emphasis>（如：60元）。最åŽï¼Œå½•å…¥è‡ª<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目的å–出转账，金é¢ä¸ºè–ªèµ„的原总é¢ï¼ˆå¦‚：1000元）。
+ <para>è¦ä»Ž<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£æ·»åŠ 薪资交易，点击新交易行，å†ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>分录</guilabel>。首先在第一行输入交易æ述（如：“公å¸å‘放工资â€ï¼‰å’Œæ—¥æœŸï¼ˆ3月14日）。在下方的分录行ä¸ï¼Œè¾“å…¥å‘<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>å˜å…¥çš„金é¢ï¼ˆå¦‚：670元）。éšåŽå½•å…¥å¤šé¡¹ç¨Žè´¹ç¼´çº³åˆ†å½•ï¼š<emphasis>费用:税费:所得税</emphasis>（如：180元）ã€<emphasis>费用:税费:医ä¿</emphasis>（如：90元）和<emphasis>费用:税费:社ä¿</emphasis>（如：60元）。最åŽï¼Œå½•å…¥è‡ª<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目的å–出转账，金é¢ä¸ºè–ªèµ„的原总é¢ï¼ˆå¦‚：1000元）。
</para>
</listitem>
@@ -1144,7 +1142,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<xref linkend="chapter_txns" />ç« èŠ‚åŽçš„期末余é¢ã€‚
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†æŒ‰<xref linkend="chapter_txns" />æ“作åŽçš„期末余é¢ã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -1155,18 +1153,18 @@
<sect3 id="txns-puttoget-save">
<title>ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶</title>
- <para>在接下æ¥ä»‹ç»æŠ¥å‘ŠåŠŸèƒ½ä¹‹å‰ï¼Œå…ˆä¿å˜&app;æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ï¼ˆ<filename>gcashdata_4</filename>）。
+ <para>在接下æ¥ä»‹ç»æŠ¥è¡¨åŠŸèƒ½ä¹‹å‰ï¼Œå…ˆä¿å˜&app;æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ï¼ˆ<filename>gcashdata_4</filename>）。
</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="txns-puttoget-reports">
- <title>报告</title>
+ <title>报表</title>
- <para>ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œåœ¨ç”µè„‘å±å¹•ä¸Šå±•ç¤ºè¿™äº›æ•°æ®å¹¶ä¸ä¼šè®©ä¼šè®¡å¸ˆæ»¡æ„ï¼Œå› æ¤&app;æ供了大é‡å¯é«˜åº¦è‡ªå®šä¹‰çš„报表。
+ <para>ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œåœ¨ç”µè„‘å±å¹•ä¸Šå±•ç¤ºè¿™äº›æž¯ç‡¥çš„æ•°æ®å¹¶ä¸èƒ½ä»¤ä¼šè®¡å¸ˆæ»¡æ„ï¼Œå› æ¤&app;æ供了大é‡å¯é«˜åº¦è‡ªå®šä¹‰çš„报表。
</para>
<note>
- <para>有关报表的更多信æ¯å¯è§@<xref linkend="chapter_reports" />。</para>
+ <para>有关报表的更多信æ¯å¯è§<xref linkend="ch_reports" />。</para>
</note>
<para>å…ˆæ¥çœ‹çœ‹<guilabel>现金æµé‡</guilabel>报表和<guilabel>交易汇总</guilabel>报表。
@@ -1177,9 +1175,9 @@
<para>首先æ¥çœ‹ä¸‰æœˆä»½çš„<guilabel>现金æµé‡</guilabel>报表。
</para>
- <para>从<menuchoice>
- <guimenu>报表</guimenu> <guisubmenu>收入与花费@</guisubmenu>
- <guimenuitem>现金æµé‡è¡¨@</guimenuitem>
+ <para>ç”±<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>报表</guimenu> <guisubmenu>收入与花费</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>现金æµé‡è¡¨</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>å¯ä»¥æ‰“开现金æµé‡è¡¨ã€‚
</para>
@@ -1192,7 +1190,7 @@
srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
</imageobject>
<caption>
- <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†æŒ‰<xref linkend="chapter_txns" />ç« èŠ‚æ“作åŽå¾—到的现金æµé‡è¡¨ã€‚
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†æŒ‰<xref linkend="chapter_txns" />æ“作åŽå¾—到的现金æµé‡è¡¨ã€‚
</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
@@ -1207,7 +1205,7 @@
<para>现在æ¥çœ‹æ´»æœŸç§‘目的交易汇总表。</para>
<para>从<menuchoice>
- <guimenu>报表</guimenu> <guimenuitem>交易汇总表@</guimenuitem>
+ <guimenu>报表</guimenu> <guimenuitem>交易汇总表</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>打开交易汇总表。
</para>
@@ -1228,7 +1226,7 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>现在更改交易汇总表，仅展示å„个费用科目。
+ <para>现在更改交易汇总表，令其仅展示å„个费用科目。
</para>
<figure>
commit f92c579f364f0730e7b3ae5ca91ebb2d214f3a96
Author: xuxinhang <xuxinhang4567 at 126.com>
Date: Sat Jul 8 17:39:54 2023 +0800
Customize Zh XLSTs for localized typeset rules & CHM encoding.
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 6cac5935..f1e2654c 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -75,6 +75,12 @@ set(JAPANESE_MINCHO_TTF "ume-tmo3.ttf" CACHE STRING "Mincho TrueType font used f
set(JAPANESE_GOTHIC_TTF "ume-tmo3.ttf" CACHE STRING "Gothic TrueType font used for Japanese pdf")
set(japanese_fontdir "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/fonts/truetype" CACHE STRING "Directory to search for Japanese fonts")
+# Set the default XSL file path
+set(BASE_XSL_HTML "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-customization.xsl")
+set(BASE_XSL_PDF "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-fo-customization.xsl")
+set(BASE_XSL_EPUB "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-epub-customization.xsl")
+set(BASE_XSL_CHM "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-chm-customization.xsl")
+
# Buildtime destination directories for our generated documentation
set(DATADIR_BUILD "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/share")
set(DOCDIR_BUILD "${DATADIR_BUILD}/doc/${PACKAGE}")
diff --git a/cmake/AddChmTarget.cmake b/cmake/AddChmTarget.cmake
index 4f634f0f..284cc8f2 100644
--- a/cmake/AddChmTarget.cmake
+++ b/cmake/AddChmTarget.cmake
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-function (add_chm_target targetbase lang entities figures)
+function (add_chm_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
set(docname "gnucash-${targetbase}")
set(chmfile "${docname}.chm")
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ function (add_chm_target targetbase lang entities figures)
-D BUILD_DIR=${BUILD_DIR}
-D XSLTPROC=${XSLTPROC}
"-DXSLTPROCFLAGS=\"${XSLTPROCFLAGS}\""
+ "-Dxslfiles=\"${xslfiles}\""
"-Dentities=\"${entities}\""
-D HHC=${HHC}
-P ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/MakeChm.cmake
diff --git a/cmake/AddEpubTarget.cmake b/cmake/AddEpubTarget.cmake
index a4156ad2..a4cc9d02 100644
--- a/cmake/AddEpubTarget.cmake
+++ b/cmake/AddEpubTarget.cmake
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-function (add_epub_target targetbase lang entities figures)
+function (add_epub_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
set(docname "gnucash-${targetbase}")
set(epubfile "${docname}.epub")
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ function (add_epub_target targetbase lang entities figures)
--stringparam epub.metainf.dir META-INF/
--stringparam epub.oebps.dir OEBPS/
--stringparam fop1.extensions 1
- "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/1.79.2/epub/docbook.xsl"
+ "${xslfiles}"
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/index.docbook"
COMMAND cmake -E copy_directory "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/figures" "${EPUB_TMPDIR}/OEBPS/figures"
COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory "${BUILD_DIR}"
diff --git a/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake b/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake
index b26a74dd..374b12dd 100644
--- a/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake
+++ b/cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake
@@ -22,21 +22,42 @@ function (add_gnc_doc_targets lang entities figures)
add_dependencies(${lang}-check "${lang}-${targetbase}-check")
endif()
+ set(xslargs "${ARGN}")
+ set(xsl_html "${BASE_XSL_HTML}")
+ set(xsl_pdf "${BASE_XSL_PDF}")
+ set(xsl_epub "${BASE_XSL_EPUB}")
+ set(xsl_chm "${BASE_XSL_CHM}")
+ while(NOT "${xslargs}" STREQUAL "")
+ list(POP_FRONT xslargs xsldocumentformat xslfilepath)
+ if(xsldocumentformat STREQUAL "xsl:html")
+ set(xsl_html ${xslfilepath})
+ endif()
+ if(xsldocumentformat STREQUAL "xsl:pdf")
+ set(xsl_pdf ${xslfilepath})
+ endif()
+ if(xsldocumentformat STREQUAL "xsl:epub")
+ set(xsl_epub ${xslfilepath})
+ endif()
+ if(xsldocumentformat STREQUAL "xsl:chm")
+ set(xsl_chm ${xslfilepath})
+ endif()
+ endwhile()
+
# Add targets for each document format that is enabled
if (WITH_CHM)
- add_chm_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+ add_chm_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xsl_chm}")
endif()
if (WITH_XDGHELP)
add_xdghelp_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
endif()
if (WITH_HTML)
- add_html_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+ add_html_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xsl_html}")
endif()
if (WITH_PDF)
- add_pdf_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+ add_pdf_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xsl_pdf}")
endif()
if (WITH_EPUB)
- add_epub_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+ add_epub_target(${targetbase} ${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}" "${xsl_epub}")
endif()
if (WITH_MOBI)
add_mobi_target(${targetbase} ${lang})
diff --git a/cmake/AddHtmlTarget.cmake b/cmake/AddHtmlTarget.cmake
index ea7fa0a7..4e63030d 100644
--- a/cmake/AddHtmlTarget.cmake
+++ b/cmake/AddHtmlTarget.cmake
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
# - entities: list of all xml files this document is composed of
# - figdir: name of the directory holding the images
-function (add_html_target targetbase lang entities figures)
+function (add_html_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
set(docname "gnucash-${targetbase}")
set(styledir "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/stylesheet")
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ function (add_html_target targetbase lang entities figures)
-o "${BUILD_DIR}/"
--param use.id.as.filename "1"
--stringparam chunker.output.encoding UTF-8
- "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/general-customization.xsl"
+ "${xslfiles}"
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/index.docbook"
COMMAND touch "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/htmltrigger"
DEPENDS ${entities} "index.docbook" "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/docbook/gnc-docbookx.dtd")
diff --git a/cmake/AddPdfTarget.cmake b/cmake/AddPdfTarget.cmake
index 97aca772..d44413d8 100644
--- a/cmake/AddPdfTarget.cmake
+++ b/cmake/AddPdfTarget.cmake
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-function (add_pdf_target targetbase lang entities figures)
+function (add_pdf_target targetbase lang entities figures xslfiles)
set(docname "gnucash-${targetbase}")
set(fofile "${docname}.fo")
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ function (add_pdf_target targetbase lang entities figures)
--stringparam fop1.extensions 1
--stringparam variablelist.as.blocks 1
--stringparam glosslist.as.blocks 1
- "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/xsl/1.79.2/fo/docbook.xsl"
+ "${xslfiles}"
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/index.docbook"
DEPENDS ${entities} "index.docbook" "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/docbook/gnc-docbookx.dtd")
diff --git a/cmake/MakeChm.cmake b/cmake/MakeChm.cmake
index e0ffe8c7..305e9b65 100644
--- a/cmake/MakeChm.cmake
+++ b/cmake/MakeChm.cmake
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ execute_process(
# FIXME Reusing ${XSLTPROCFLAGS} fails as xsltproc gets this as one single parameter instead of 3...
COMMAND ${XSLTPROC} --path "${SRC_DIR}/docbook" --xinclude
--stringparam htmlhelp.chm ${chmfile}
- "${SRC_DIR}/xsl/1.79.2/htmlhelp/htmlhelp.xsl"
+ "${xslfiles}"
"${CURRENT_SRC_DIR}/index.docbook"
WORKING_DIRECTORY "${htmlhelpdir}")
diff --git a/xsl/general-chm-customization.xsl b/xsl/general-chm-customization.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5c7a9092
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xsl/general-chm-customization.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?xml version='1.0'?>
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+ version='1.0'
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"
+ exclude-result-prefixes="#default">
+
+<!--########################Files to Include######################-->
+
+<!-- Importing the Norman Walsh's stylesheet as the basis. -->
+<xsl:import href="1.79.2/htmlhelp/htmlhelp.xsl"/>
+<!-- see NOTE ABOUT PATHS in README file for details -->
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/xsl/general-epub-customization.xsl b/xsl/general-epub-customization.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3505dc2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xsl/general-epub-customization.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?xml version='1.0'?>
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+ version='1.0'
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"
+ exclude-result-prefixes="#default">
+
+<!--########################Files to Include######################-->
+
+<!-- Importing the Norman Walsh's stylesheet as the basis. -->
+<xsl:import href="1.79.2/epub/docbook.xsl"/>
+<!-- see NOTE ABOUT PATHS in README file for details -->
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/xsl/general-fo-customization.xsl b/xsl/general-fo-customization.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a50c91a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xsl/general-fo-customization.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?xml version='1.0'?>
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+ version='1.0'
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"
+ exclude-result-prefixes="#default">
+
+<!--########################Files to Include######################-->
+
+<!-- Importing the Norman Walsh's stylesheet as the basis. -->
+<xsl:import href="1.79.2/fo/docbook.xsl"/>
+<!-- see NOTE ABOUT PATHS in README file for details -->
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt b/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt
index 0acd46f9..46370f46 100644
--- a/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -215,7 +215,9 @@ set (figures
set (FOP_XCONF "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fop.xconf.in")
-add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}"
+ "xsl:pdf" "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../xsl/zh-fo.xsl"
+ "xsl:chm" "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../xsl/zh-chm.xsl")
set(extra_dist
fop.xconf.in)
diff --git a/zh/xsl/zh-chm.xsl b/zh/xsl/zh-chm.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2da38105
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/xsl/zh-chm.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?xml version='1.0'?>
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+ version='1.0'
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"
+ exclude-result-prefixes="#default">
+
+<!-- Importing the base stylesheet. -->
+<xsl:import href="../../xsl/general-chm-customization.xsl"/>
+
+<!-- charset -->
+<xsl:param name="htmlhelp.encoding">gbk</xsl:param>
+<xsl:param name="javahelp.encoding">gbk</xsl:param>
+
+<!-- <xsl:param name="default.encoding" select="'gbk'" doc:type='string'/> -->
+<xsl:param name="chunker.output.encoding" select="'gbk'"/>
+<xsl:output encoding="gbk" indent="no"/>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/zh/xsl/zh-fo.xsl b/zh/xsl/zh-fo.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5d859f00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/xsl/zh-fo.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+<?xml version='1.0'?>
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+ version='1.0'
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"
+ exclude-result-prefixes="#default">
+
+<!-- Importing the base stylesheet. -->
+<xsl:import href="../../xsl/general-fo-customization.xsl"/>
+
+<xsl:attribute-set name="normal.para.spacing">
+ <xsl:attribute name="space-before.optimum">.5em</xsl:attribute>
+ <xsl:attribute name="space-before.minimum">.3em</xsl:attribute>
+</xsl:attribute-set>
+
+<xsl:attribute-set name="para.properties" use-attribute-sets="normal.para.spacing">
+ <xsl:attribute name="text-indent">2.em</xsl:attribute>
+ <xsl:attribute name="linefeed-treatment">treat-as-zero-width-space</xsl:attribute>
+ <xsl:attribute name="white-space-collapse">true</xsl:attribute>
+</xsl:attribute-set>
+
+<xsl:param name="line-height">1.5</xsl:param>
+
+<xsl:param name="menuchoice.menu.separator">→</xsl:param>
+
+
+<xsl:template match="guimenu|guisubmenu|guimenuitem|guilabel">
+ <xsl:call-template name="inline.italicseq">
+ <xsl:with-param name="content">“<xsl:value-of select="." />”</xsl:with-param>
+ </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="accountname">
+ <xsl:call-template name="inline.italicseq">
+ <xsl:with-param name="content">“<xsl:value-of select="." />”</xsl:with-param>
+ </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="keycap">
+ <xsl:choose>
+ <xsl:when test="@function and normalize-space(.) = ''">
+ <xsl:call-template name="inline.monoseq">
+ <xsl:with-param name="content">
+ <xsl:text>〔</xsl:text>
+ <xsl:call-template name="gentext.template">
+ <xsl:with-param name="context" select="'keycap'"/>
+ <xsl:with-param name="name" select="@function"/>
+ </xsl:call-template>
+ <xsl:text>〕</xsl:text>
+ </xsl:with-param>
+ </xsl:call-template>
+ </xsl:when>
+ <xsl:otherwise>
+ 〔<xsl:call-template name="inline.monoseq"/>〕
+ </xsl:otherwise>
+ </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="filename">
+ "<xsl:apply-imports />"
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="//listitem/para[1]">
+ <xsl:call-template name="block.object">
+ <xsl:with-param name="content"><xsl:apply-templates/></xsl:with-param>
+ </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="emohasis">
+ <xsl:choose>
+ <xsl:when test="@role = ''">
+ <xsl:call-template name="inline.boldseq"/>
+ </xsl:when>
+ <xsl:otherwise>
+ <xsl:apply-imports />
+ </xsl:otherwise>
+ </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
commit e6ebaf397b690c093275f2e06b0824e71090aa78
Author: xuxinhang <xuxinhang4567 at 126.com>
Date: Sat Jul 8 12:47:51 2023 +0800
Add Chinese fonts and fop.conf.in for PDF build
diff --git a/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Bold.otf b/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Bold.otf
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8e1e8694
Binary files /dev/null and b/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Bold.otf differ
diff --git a/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Regular.otf b/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Regular.otf
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c13789be
Binary files /dev/null and b/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Regular.otf differ
diff --git a/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Bold.otf b/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Bold.otf
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..64055406
Binary files /dev/null and b/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Bold.otf differ
diff --git a/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Regular.otf b/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Regular.otf
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f56c6b39
Binary files /dev/null and b/fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Regular.otf differ
diff --git a/fonts/truetype/Arphic/ukai.ttc b/fonts/truetype/Arphic/ukai.ttc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..482a6db0
Binary files /dev/null and b/fonts/truetype/Arphic/ukai.ttc differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/fop.xconf.in b/zh/guide/fop.xconf.in
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4adfb292
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/fop.xconf.in
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<fop version="1.0">
+ <base>@CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR@</base>
+ <font-base>@CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR@/fonts</font-base>
+
+ <!-- Information for specific renderers -->
+ <!-- Uses renderer mime type for renderers -->
+ <renderers>
+ <renderer mime="application/pdf">
+ <fonts>
+ <!-- embedded fonts -->
+ <!--
+ This information must exactly match the font specified
+ in the fo file. Otherwise it will use a default font.
+
+ For example,
+ <fo:inline font-family="Arial" font-weight="bold" font-style="normal">
+ Arial-normal-normal font
+ </fo:inline>
+ for the font triplet specified by:
+ <font-triplet name="Arial" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+
+ If you do not want to embed the font in the pdf document
+ then do not include the "embed-url" attribute.
+ The font will be needed where the document is viewed
+ for it to be displayed properly.
+
+ possible styles: normal | italic | oblique | backslant
+ possible weights: normal | bold | 100 | 200 | 300 | 400
+ | 500 | 600 | 700 | 800 | 900
+ (normal = 400, bold = 700)
+ -->
+ <font kerning="yes" embed-url="opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Regular.otf">
+ <font-triplet name="serif" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="monospace" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ </font>
+ <font kerning="yes" embed-url="truetype/Arphic/ukai.ttc" sub-font="AR PL UKai CN">
+ <font-triplet name="serif" style="italic" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="serif" style="italic" weight="bold"/>
+ </font>
+ <font kerning="yes" embed-url="opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Bold.otf">
+ <font-triplet name="serif" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+ </font>
+
+ <font kerning="yes" embed-url="opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Regular.otf">
+ <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ </font>
+ <font kerning="yes" embed-url="opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Bold.otf">
+ <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="italic" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="italic" weight="bold"/>
+ </font>
+ <font kerning="yes" embed-url="opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Bold.otf">
+ <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+ </font>
+ </fonts>
+
+ <!-- This option lets you specify additional options on an XML handler -->
+ <xml-handler namespace="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+ <stroke-text>true</stroke-text>
+ </xml-handler>
+
+ </renderer>
+ </renderers>
+
+</fop>
commit 356b4776efe2722e0236b059116bf1dc44986748
Author: xuxinhang <xuxinhang4567 at 126.com>
Date: Sat Jul 8 12:05:11 2023 +0800
Translate the Part 1 of the guide.
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index dc09aac5..6cac5935 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -182,6 +182,7 @@ add_subdirectory (it)
add_subdirectory (ja)
add_subdirectory (pt)
#add_subdirectory (ru)
+add_subdirectory (zh)
file(GLOB_RECURSE extrafiles
RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
diff --git a/docbook/gnc-gui-zh.dtd b/docbook/gnc-gui-zh.dtd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0d76a387
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docbook/gnc-gui-zh.dtd
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<!-- Add translated entities below. The master entities are in gnc-gui-C.dtd.
+ Only parameter entities (% entities) should be translated.
+ See htps://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#sec-physical-struct. -->
+
+<!-- Include "gnc-gui-C.dtd" -->
+<!ENTITY % gnc-gui-C SYSTEM "gnc-gui-C.dtd">
+%gnc-gui-C;
+
+<!-- Don't add any declarations below. -->
diff --git a/zh/CMakeLists.txt b/zh/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c11a7c8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+add_lang_targets("zh")
+
+add_subdirectory(guide)
+
+add_to_dist(CMakeLists.txt)
diff --git a/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt b/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0acd46f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+set (entities
+ fdl-appendix.xml
+ legal.xml
+ ch_oview.xml
+ ch_basics.xml
+ ch_accts.xml
+ ch_txns.xml
+ ch_importing.xml
+ ch_configuring.xml
+ ch_cbook.xml
+ ch_cc.xml
+ ch_expenses.xml
+ ch_loans.xml
+ ch_invest.xml
+ ch_reports.xml
+ ch_capgain.xml
+ ch_currency.xml
+ ch_dep.xml
+ ch_bus_features.xml
+ ch_budgets.xml
+ ch_oth_assets.xml
+ ch_python_bindings.xml
+ ch_import_business_data.xml
+ gnc-glossary.xml
+ appendixa.xml
+ appendixd.xml)
+
+set (figures
+ figures/accts_CreateAssetsAccount.png
+ figures/accts_DefaultExpenseAccounts.png
+ figures/accts_DefaultIncomeAccounts.png
+ figures/accts_toplevel.png
+ figures/accts_tree.png
+ figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png
+ figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg
+ figures/basics_Accounts.png
+ figures/basics_CheckAccount.png
+ figures/basics_EmptyAccounts.png
+ figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup.png
+ figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Accounts.png
+ figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Finish.png
+ figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Setup.png
+ figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_currency.png
+ figures/basics_NewBookOpts.png
+ figures/basics_SaveSQL.png
+ figures/basics_SaveXML.png
+ figures/basics_TipOfDay.png
+ figures/bus_ap_billedit.png
+ figures/bus_ap_billnew.png
+ figures/bus_ap_billpost.png
+ figures/bus_ap_jobnew.png
+ figures/bus_ap_payment.png
+ figures/bus_ap_vendorfind.png
+ figures/bus_ap_vendornew.png
+ figures/bus_ar_custfind.png
+ figures/bus_ar_custnew.png
+ figures/bus_ar_invoicechange1.png
+ figures/bus_ar_invoicechange2.png
+ figures/bus_ar_invoicechange3.png
+ figures/bus_ar_invoiceedit.png
+ figures/bus_ar_invoicenew.png
+ figures/bus_ar_invoicepost.png
+ figures/bus_ar_invoiceprint.png
+ figures/bus_ar_jobnew.png
+ figures/bus_ar_payment.png
+ figures/bus_co_reg.png
+ figures/bus_pay_ex1.png
+ figures/bus_pay_ex2.png
+ figures/bus_pay_ex3.png
+ figures/bus_pay_ex4.png
+ figures/bus_tax_main.png
+ figures/bus_tax_new.png
+ figures/bus_terms_main.png
+ figures/bus_terms_new.png
+ figures/capgain_app2main.png
+ figures/capgain_app3main.png
+ figures/capgain_appmain.png
+ figures/cbook_CashFlow.png
+ figures/cbook_TransactionRptAssets.png
+ figures/cbook_TransactionRptExpenses.png
+ figures/cbook_atm.png
+ figures/cbook_bankstmt.png
+ figures/cbook_chartaccts5.png
+ figures/cbook_checkexamp.png
+ figures/cbook_gcashdata4.png
+ figures/cbook_reconciledCheckAct.png
+ figures/cbook_reconexamp.png
+ figures/cbook_servch.png
+ figures/cbook_transferin.png
+ figures/cc_CashFlow.png
+ figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_1.png
+ figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_2.png
+ figures/cc_TransactionRptExpenses.png
+ figures/cc_TransactionRptVisa.png
+ figures/cc_accounts.png
+ figures/cc_final.png
+ figures/cc_interest.png
+ figures/cc_payment.png
+ figures/cc_purchases.png
+ figures/cc_reconcile.png
+ figures/cc_reconcile_init.png
+ figures/cc_refund.png
+ figures/currency_AfterGetOnlineQuotes.png
+ figures/currency_BeforeGetOnlineQuotes.png
+ figures/currency_addcurr.png
+ figures/currency_main1.png
+ figures/currency_main2.png
+ figures/currency_main3.png
+ figures/currency_peditor.png
+ figures/currency_purchase_AfterBoat.png
+ figures/currency_purchase_AfterStocks.png
+ figures/currency_purchase_BeforeBoat.png
+ figures/currency_purchase_BeforeStocks.png
+ figures/currency_purchase_Commodities.png
+ figures/currency_purchase_MoveMoney.png
+ figures/currency_purchase_SetExchangeRate.png
+ figures/currency_purchase_ToAmount.png
+ figures/currency_trading_Price_Database_initial.png
+ figures/currency_trading_acct_setup.png
+ figures/currency_trading_acct_setup_2.png
+ figures/currency_trading_accts_after_tfr.png
+ figures/currency_trading_accts_after_trf_back.png
+ figures/currency_trading_balance_sheet.png
+ figures/currency_trading_prices_after_trf_back.png
+ figures/currency_trading_transfer_funds.png
+ figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans1.png
+ figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans2.png
+ figures/currency_trading_trf_back.png
+ figures/dep_assetmain.png
+ figures/dep_assetreg.png
+ figures/dep_example.png
+ figures/invest2Lots0RegB4Scrub.png
+ figures/invest2Lots1B4Scrub.png
+ figures/invest2Lots2LotsAftScrubAcct.png
+ figures/invest2Lots3RegAftScrubAcct.png
+ figures/investLots2_BeforeScrub1Lot.png
+ figures/investLots0_RegB4Scrub.png
+ figures/investLots1_BeforeCreateLot.png
+ figures/investLots2_RegAfterScrub1Lot.png
+ figures/investLotsSplitLot0.png
+ figures/investLotsSplitLot1.png
+ figures/investLotsSplitReg.png
+ figures/invest_AccountsPredef.png
+ figures/invest_SetupPortfolio2.png
+ figures/invest_SetupPortfolio3.png
+ figures/invest_dividendcash.png
+ figures/invest_dividendreinvest1.png
+ figures/invest_int1.png
+ figures/invest_int2-1.png
+ figures/invest_int2.png
+ figures/invest_int3.png
+ figures/invest_merge2.png
+ figures/invest_merge3.png
+ figures/invest_newaccount.png
+ figures/invest_newsecurity.png
+ figures/invest_peditor.png
+ figures/invest_peditor2.png
+ figures/invest_ret_of_cap.png
+ figures/invest_selectsecurity.png
+ figures/invest_sellstock.png
+ figures/invest_sellstock2.png
+ figures/invest_sellstockManProfCombNet.png
+ figures/invest_sellstockManProfSep.png
+ figures/invest_sellstockManProfSepNet.png
+ figures/invest_setup_current.png
+ figures/invest_setup_portfolio1.png
+ figures/invest_simplesplit1.png
+ figures/invest_split1.png
+ figures/invest_split2.png
+ figures/invest_split3.png
+ figures/invest_split4.png
+ figures/invest_stockmerge1.png
+ figures/invest_stockvalue.png
+ figures/invest_stockvalue_report.png
+ figures/invest_stockvalue_report_options.png
+ figures/loans_PrivateLoanCalculation.png
+ figures/loans_PrivateLoanFirstPayment.png
+ figures/loans_PrivateLoanInitial.png
+ figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPayment.png
+ figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPaymentAccounts.png
+ figures/loans_fcalc.png
+ figures/loans_mortgage1.png
+ figures/loans_mortgage2.png
+ figures/loans_mortgage3.png
+ figures/oview_intro.png
+ figures/Report_Investment_Lots.png
+ figures/txns_CashFlow.png
+ figures/txns_TransactionRptChecking.png
+ figures/txns_TransactionRptExpenses.png
+ figures/txns_puttoget_Charts.png
+ figures/txns_puttoget_Charts1.png
+ figures/txns_puttoget_Charts2.png
+ figures/txns_reconcile_window1.png
+ figures/txns_reconcile_window2.png
+ figures/txns_reconcile_window3.png
+ figures/txns_register_2account.png
+ figures/txns_register_2account2.png
+ figures/txns_register_multiaccount.png
+ figures/txns_registersplit2.png
+ figures/txns_registersplit3.png
+ figures/txns_registersplit4.png
+ figures/txns_registersplit5.png
+ figures/txns_registersplit6.png
+ figures/txns_sxn_editor-2.png
+ figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-frequency.png
+ figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-overview.png
+ figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-template.png
+ figures/txns_sxn_editor-4.png
+ figures/txns_sxn_editor_slr.png
+ figures/txns_sxn_ledger1.png
+ figures/txns_sxn_ledger2.png
+ figures/txns_sxn_ledger3.png
+ figures/txns_sxn_ledger4.png
+)
+
+set (FOP_XCONF "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fop.xconf.in")
+
+add_gnc_doc_targets(${lang} "${entities}" "${figures}")
+
+set(extra_dist
+ fop.xconf.in)
+add_to_dist(${extra_dist})
diff --git a/zh/guide/appendixa.xml b/zh/guide/appendixa.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3c45535f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/appendixa.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE appendix SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!-- (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: July 9th 2006
+ Replaced empty pages 2020-03-07 by Frank H. Ellenberger
+
+ Maintainers:
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Originally designed by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<appendix id="appendixa">
+ <title>Migration Guide</title>
+
+ <para>This appendix is to help current users of other financial software packages in their migration to
+ &app;. We address the conceptual differences between the layout of &app; accounts versus other
+ software packages.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="appendixa_accts_vs_cats1">
+ <title>Using Accounts vs. Categories</title>
+
+ <para>If you are familiar with other personal finance programs, you are already accustomed to tracking
+ your income and expenses as categories. Since &app; is a double-entry system (see
+ <xref linkend="basics-accounting1" />), income and expenses are tracked in accounts. The basic
+ concept is the same, but the account structure allows more consistency with accepted business
+ practices. So, if you are a business user as well as a home user, &app; makes it easy to keep
+ track of your business as well as your personal accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Income and expense accounts give you the same information you would get with categories, but they
+ also give you more flexibility in entering your transactions. In &app;, you have the option to
+ enter transactions directly into income and expense accounts through their account registers.
+ Other programs that use categories do not offer this option, because there is no
+ <quote>account register</quote> for a category.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You also have the option in &app; to treat income and expense accounts exactly as you would treat
+ categories, if you are more comfortable with that method. In
+ <trademark class="registered">Quicken</trademark> and similar programs, transactions require
+ an account and a category. Substitute an income or expense account name in &app; where you
+ would normally enter a category name in the other programs, and the result should be the same.
+ We will discuss transaction entry in <xref linkend="basics-transactions2" /> in greater
+ detail.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="appendixa_import">
+ <title>Importing Data</title>
+
+ <para>If you want to import data from your previous application, you should distinguish between financial
+ data and other data. Probably the best way to import financial data is the <quote>Quicken
+ Interchange Format</quote> <acronym>QIF</acronym> . It is a specific format for financial
+ data, which most financial applications for the private sector know and can use for export.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For other data we suggest the use of the <quote>Comma Separated Value</quote> <acronym>CSV</acronym>
+ format.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="appendixa_qif1">
+ <title>Import of Financial Data by <acronym>QIF</acronym> Files</title>
+
+ <para>See <ulink url="&url-wp-en;Quicken_Interchange_Format" /> for it's details.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Some &app; users collected their knowledge about the best use in our
+ <ulink url="&url-wiki-qif;"/>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For other formats and more details see <xref linkend="chapter_importing"/>.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="appendixa_business">
+ <title>Import of Business Data by <acronym>CSV</acronym> Files</title>
+
+ <para>If you want to import customers and vendors or bills and invoices see
+ <xref linkend="ch_import_bus_data" />.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="appendixa_xmlconvert1">
+ <title>Converting <acronym>XML</acronym> &app; File</title>
+
+ <para>The &app; <acronym>XML</acronym> data file can be transformed to almost any other data format (e.g.,
+ <acronym>QIF</acronym>, <acronym>CSV</acronym>...) quite easily if one is familiar with the
+ <quote>Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations</quote>
+ <ulink url="&url-wp-en;XSLT"><acronym>XSLT</acronym></ulink>. The &app; data file is
+ well-formed <acronym>XML</acronym>, and it can therefore be run through an
+ <acronym>XSLT</acronym> parser with an associated stylesheet. This allows one to transform the
+ file to just about any format that can be designed, given a properly written stylesheet.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>A few steps need to be followed. The writing of a stylesheet is a task for a different time, but if
+ you can get one written, here’s what you need to do:
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Copy the &app; <acronym>XML</acronym> data file to a working file.
+ </para>
+
+ <important>
+ <para>If the file was last modified by a version of &app; older than 2.0, then before you continue to the
+ next step you will need to modify the working file’s <gnc-v2> tag to read
+ something like this:
+<programlisting language="xml">
+<gnc-v2 xmlns:cd="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/cd"
+ xmlns:book="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/book"
+ xmlns:gnc="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/gnc"
+ xmlns:cmdty="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/cmdty"
+ xmlns:trn="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/trn"
+ xmlns:split="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/split"
+ xmlns:act="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/act"
+ xmlns:price="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/price"
+ xmlns:ts="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/ts"
+ xmlns:slot="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/kvpslot"
+ xmlns:cust="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/cust"
+ xmlns:entry="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/entry"
+ xmlns:lot="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/lot"
+ xmlns:invoice="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/invoice"
+ xmlns:owner="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/owner"
+ xmlns:job="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/job"
+ xmlns:billterm="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/billterm"
+ xmlns:bt-days="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/bt-days"
+ xmlns:sx="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/sx"
+ xmlns:fs="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/fs"
+ xmlns:addr="http://www.gnucash.org/XML/custaddr">
+</programlisting>
+ </para>
+ </important>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>You can put pretty much anything you want behind the equal signs, but a unique
+ <acronym>URL</acronym> is what is typically used.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Create an <acronym>XSLT</acronym> stylesheet containing the transformation your desire, or obtain
+ one that’s already written.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <title>User Contributed XSLT Stylesheets</title>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>in our repository: <ulink url="&url-src-maint;contrib/xslt"/>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>in our wiki: <ulink url="&url-wiki-xslt;"/>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Install an <acronym>XSLT</acronym> processor such as Saxon (<ulink url="&url-wp-en;Saxon_XSLT" />)
+ or Xalan (<ulink url="&url-wp-en;Apache_Xalan" />). Any
+ <ulink url="&url-wp-en;Category:XSLT_processors">conforming processor</ulink> will do,
+ really...
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Run the work file and the stylesheet through the processor according to the processor’s
+ instructions.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>You will now have a file in the desired output format. An enterprising individual could go so far as
+ to write a stylesheet to transform the &app; data file to an &app-aoo;/&app-lo; Calc (or
+ vice-versa, for that matter). Such things as <acronym>QIF</acronym> ought to be a little
+ less work.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>Benefits are that you don’t need to write a Scheme module or a new C routine to do this
+ transformation. Anyone who knows or can learn <acronym>XML</acronym> and
+ <acronym>XSLT</acronym> can perform this task. Not much harder, really, than writing a Web
+ page....
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Anyhow, I just wanted this tidbit to be captured somewhere permanently. The process works on
+ &vers-stable; datafiles, and ought to work on earlier versions, too.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+</appendix>
diff --git a/zh/guide/appendixd.xml b/zh/guide/appendixd.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5e8a486e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/appendixd.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1019 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE appendix SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!-- (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: March 18th, 2007
+ Maintainers:
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ David Hampton <hampton at employees.org>
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<appendix id="appendixd">
+ <title>Auxiliary File Formats</title>
+
+ <para>These are the formats of some auxiliary files used by &app;.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="check_format_info">
+ <title>Check Format Files (<filename>*.chk</filename>)</title>
+
+ <sect2 id="check_format_overview">
+ <title>Overview</title>
+
+ <para>The check format file is used to tell &app; how to print a check or checks onto a page of paper.
+ This file first describes the overall layout of a page (number of checks, orientation, etc)
+ and then describes the layout of the specific items on a single check. The file is organized
+ as a typical Key/Value file used by many &lin; applications. Keys/values pairs are grouped
+ into sections that begin with the group name enclosed in square brackets.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>&app; looks for check format files in two different locations when you bring up the check printing
+ dialog. The first location is typically
+ <filename class="directory">/usr/share/gnucash/checks</filename>, where check files
+ distributed with the application can be found. The second location is the user private
+ <filename class="directory">&dir-data;checks</filename>
+ <footnote id="dir-old-chk">
+ <para>Up to &app; 2.6.21 it was <filename class="directory">&dir-old;checks</filename>
+ </para>
+ </footnote>
+ directory. Users may add check formats at any time (even while &app; is running) simply by
+ dropping a new <filename>*.chk</filename> file in this directory. The next time the check
+ printing dialog is opened the new check format will appear in the list of available check
+ formats.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Printing functions differently depending on the version of GTK that is installed on your system.
+ When &app; is using a version of GTK prior to 2.10 all offsets are measured from the lower
+ left corner of the page or check. When using GTK 2.10 or later, all offsets are measured
+ from the upper left corner of the page or check.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Example file</title>
+
+ <para>A typical &app; check file is presented below. The contents of this file will be described in the
+ next sections.
+ </para>
+<programlisting language="ini">[Top]
+Guid = 67b144d1-96a5-48d5-9337-0e1083bbf229
+Title = Quicken/QuickBooks (tm) US-Letter
+Rotation = 0.0
+Translation = 0.0;4.0
+Show_Grid = false
+Show_Boxes = false
+
+[Check Positions]
+Height = 252.0
+Names = Top;Middle;Bottom
+
+[Check Items]
+Type_1 = PAYEE
+Coords_1 = 90.0;102.0;400.0;20.0
+
+Type_2 = AMOUNT_WORDS
+Coords_2 = 90.0;132.0
+
+Type_3 = AMOUNT_NUMBER
+Blocking_Chars_3 = true
+Coords_3 = 500.0;102.0
+
+Type_4 = DATE
+Coords_4 = 500.0;67.0
+
+Type_5 = NOTES
+Coords_5 = 50.0;212.0</programlisting>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Field Descriptions</title>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Top Group</title>
+
+ <para>This section of the check file describes the overall layout of a page of checks (or check) that goes
+ into the printer.
+ </para>
+
+ <table id="check_table_top">
+ <title>Overall Page Description Fields</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="4">
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Name
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Type
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Required
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Description
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Guid
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ string
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ mandatory
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ The guid is used to uniquely identify a check format to &app;. It must be unique
+ across the entire set of application supplied and user supplied check formats. If
+ you copy an application check file as the basis of your own check format, you must
+ change this value. The <emphasis>uuidgen</emphasis> program may be used to
+ generate these identifiers.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Title
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ string
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ mandatory
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ The title is used to uniquely identify a check format to the user. This value is
+ presented verbatim in the check format list of the check printing dialog. If you
+ copy an application check file as the basis of your own check format, you should
+ change this value. The title may be any utf-8 string.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Font
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ string
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ If supplied, this is the default font used to print all text items on this check.
+ This field can contain any string that is acceptable by gtk as a font specifier.
+ If this field is omitted, the default font is the font specified in the &app;
+ preferences dialog. A typical string would be <quote>sans 12</quote>.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Blocking_Chars
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ boolean
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ If supplied, this is the default used when printing all <emphasis>TEXT</emphasis>
+ items on this check. When set to true, will print <emphasis>***</emphasis> before
+ and after each text field on the check. Blocking characters are printed to protect
+ check fields from alteration. For example, the amount field may be printed as
+ <emphasis>***100.00***</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ DateFormat
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ boolean
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ If supplied, this is the default used when printing all <emphasis>DATE</emphasis>
+ items on this check. When set to true, will print the format of the DATE in 8
+ point type, centered and below the actual DATE. For example DDMMYYYY.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Rotation
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ double
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This value specified the rotation of the entire page (in degrees) around the
+ origin point. For gtk versions prior to 2.10, the origin point is in the lower
+ left corner of the page and rotation values increase in the counter-clockwise
+ direction. For gtk version 2.10 and later, the origin point is in the upper left
+ corner of the page and rotation values increase in the clockwise direction.
+ Rotation of the page is applied before translation.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Translation
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ list of 2 doubles
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ These values specify the x and y translation of the entire page (in points)
+ relative to the origin point. For gtk versions prior to 2.10, the origin point is
+ in the lower left corner of the page and translation values increase moving up and
+ to the right. For gtk version 2.10 and later, the origin point is in the upper
+ left corner of the page and translation values increase moving down and to the
+ right. Rotation of the page is applied before translation.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Show_Grid
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ boolean
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ If this value is set to <emphasis>true</emphasis> then &app; will draw a grid on
+ the page, starting at the origin with the lines spaced every 50 points. This can
+ be helpful when creating a check format file.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Show_Boxes
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ boolean
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ If this value is set to <emphasis>true</emphasis> then for each item where the
+ width and height have been specified, &app; will draw a box showing location and
+ maximum size of that item . This can be helpful when creating a check format file.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>The Blocking_Chars and DateFormat options are defined for all check formats in
+ Edit->Preferences->Printing. It is recommened that these global options be set to false
+ (the default), and that the options be set for individual Check Items as described
+ below.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Check Positions Group</title>
+
+ <para>This group of items specifies how multiple checks are laid out on the same sheet of paper, and gives
+ names to each of these check locations so that a user can specify which check location
+ that &app; should print. This entire group of key/value pairs is optional, and should be
+ omitted if the format file only specifies a single check per page of paper.
+ </para>
+
+ <table id="check_table_positions">
+ <title>Multiple Checks Per Page Fields</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="4">
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Name
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Type
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Required
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Description
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Height
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ double
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ mandatory
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This field specifies the height of a single check on the page. If there are
+ multiple checks per page then this item is mandatory. If there is only a single
+ check per page, this entire section should be omitted.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Names
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ list of strings
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ mandatory
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This field specifies the names of the check locations that can be printed on each
+ page. These names represent the check positions starting from the top of the page
+ and moving downward. The names are presented verbatim in the check position list
+ of the check printing dialog. A typical value for this field is
+ "Top;Middle;Bottom", but it could also be "First;Second;Third" or any other set of
+ strings that clearly identify the check locations. If there are multiple checks
+ per page then this item is mandatory. If there is only a single check per page,
+ this entire section should be omitted.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Check Items Group</title>
+
+ <para>This section specifies the individual items that are printed on the check. There is no limit to the
+ number of items that may be present in this section, and any given type of item can be
+ repeated multiple times. This allows for the printing of checks that have a side stub, or
+ for the one-per-page business checks that have both the check and multiple check stubs on
+ the same page. For example, to print the payee name on a business check and on both stubs,
+ simply specify three payee items with differing print coordinates.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Each key names in this section explicitly includes the item number to which it applies. E.G. The key
+ named <guilabel>Type_1</guilabel> applies to the first item to be printed, and the key
+ <guilabel>Coords_3</guilabel> applies to the third item to be printed. Item numbers start
+ at one and increase sequentially. Any gap in the numbering sequence is interpreted by
+ &app; as the end of the item list. Items are printed in the order of their item numbers,
+ not in the order in which they appear in the file.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Each item specified must include a type declaration. The rest of the parameters for that item depend
+ upon the particular type of that item. See <xref linkend="check_table_types"></xref> for a
+ list of valid item types and their required parameters.
+ </para>
+
+ <table id="check_table_items">
+ <title>Individual Check Item Fields</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="4">
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Name
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Type
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Required
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Description
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Type_<emphasis>n</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ string
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ mandatory
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This field specifies the type of a single item to be printed on a check. See
+ <xref linkend="check_table_types"></xref> for a list of valid item types.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Coords_<emphasis>n</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ list of 2 or 4 doubles
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ mandatory
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This field specifies the coordinates where the item should be placed on a check,
+ and optionally also specifies the width and height of the item. The numbers in
+ order are the X and Y offset of the lower left corner of the item, and optionally
+ the width and height of the item. If the width is supplied then the height must
+ also be supplied, so this field will always contain two or four numbers. For gtk
+ versions prior to 2.10, the origin point is in the lower left corner of the page
+ and translation values increase moving up and to the right. For gtk version 2.10
+ and later, the origin point is in the upper left corner of the page and
+ translation values increase moving down and to the right.
+ <note>
+ <para>Regardless of whether the origin is at the top or the bottom of the page, the coordinates always
+ specify the lower left point of the item.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Font_<emphasis>n</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ string
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ If supplied, this is the font used to print this specific text item. This field
+ can contain any string that is acceptable by gtk as a font specifier. If this
+ field is omitted, the default font is the font specified in the
+ <emphasis>Top</emphasis> section of the check description file, or if that was
+ omitted the font specified in the &app; preferences dialog. This field is only
+ recognized when using gtk version 2.10 or later.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Align_<emphasis>n</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ string
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ If supplied, this is the alignment used to print this specific text item. This
+ field must contain one of the strings <quote>left</quote>, <quote>center</quote>
+ or <quote>right</quote>. If this field is omitted, the text will be left aligned.
+ This field is only recognized when using gtk version 2.10 or later.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Text_<emphasis>n</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ string
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This field is only used when the item type is <emphasis>TEXT</emphasis>. It
+ specifies the utf-8 text that should be printed on the check.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Filename_<emphasis>n</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ string
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This field is only used when the item type is <emphasis>PICTURE</emphasis>. It
+ specifies the filename of the image that should be printed on the check. The
+ string may specify either an absolute path name or as a relative path name. If a
+ relative path name is specified, &app; first looks in in the application check
+ format folder (typically
+ <filename class="directory">/usr/share/gnucash/checks</filename> ) for the image
+ file, and if it is not found there then it looks in the user private
+ <filename class="directory">&dir-data;checks</filename><footnoteref linkend="dir-old-chk" />
+ directory for the image. This field is only recognized when using gtk version 2.10
+ or later.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Blocking_Chars_<emphasis>n</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ boolean
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ If supplied, this will set the print <emphasis>Blocking_Chars</emphasis> option
+ for this item.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ DateFormat_<emphasis>n</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ boolean
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ optional
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ If supplied, this will set the print <emphasis>DateFormat</emphasis> option for
+ this item.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <para>These are the individual items that can be printed on a check. All items require the coordinates on
+ the page where the item should be printed. The majority of these items result in text
+ being printed on the page, and these items may have individual font and alignments
+ specified. For example, the numerical amount of a check could be printed right justified
+ while everything else is printed left justified. Other types may have unique parameters.
+ </para>
+
+ <table id="check_table_types">
+ <title>Individual Check Item Types</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="4">
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Name
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Required Fields
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Optional Fields
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Description
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ PAYEE
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the check payee name at the specified
+ coordinates.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ DATE
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars
+DateFormat</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the check date at the specified coordinates.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ NOTES
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the transaction notes field at the specified
+ coordinates.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ CHECK_NUMBER
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the check number at the specified
+ coordinates. The check number reflects the book option selection under
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties </guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ for number source (transaction number or anchor-split action - see
+ <ulink url="&url-docs-C;help/book-options.html#num-action-book-option">Use
+ Split Action Field for Number</ulink> in the Book Options section of the &app;
+ Manual).
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ MEMO
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the split memo field at the specified
+ coordinates.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ ACTION
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the split action field at the specified
+ coordinates. However, the printed field reflects the book option selection under
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem> Properties</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ for number source (transaction number or anchor-split action - see
+ <ulink url="&url-docs-C;help/book-options.html#num-action-book-option">
+ Use Split Action Field for Number</ulink> in the Book Options section of the &app;
+ Manual). If number source for the book is specified as anchor-split action,
+ this field will instead print the transaction number field.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ AMOUNT_WORDS
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the check amount in words at the specified
+ coordinates. The amount will appear similar to the string "One thousand, two
+ hundred thirty four and 56/100".
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ AMOUNT_NUMBER
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the check amount in numbers at the specified
+ coordinates. The amount will appear similar to the number "$1,234.56".
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ ADDRESS
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the address at the specified coordinates.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ SPLITS_ACCOUNT
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the account names for each split entry
+ stating at the specified coordinates. See the note on splits printing.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ SPLITS_AMOUNT
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the amount for each split entry stating at
+ the specified coordinates. Amounts are printed with currency symbols. See the note
+ on splits printing.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ SPLITS_MEMO
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print the memo text for each split entry stating at
+ the specified coordinates. See the note on splits printing.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ TEXT
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords, Text
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+<literallayout>Font
+Align
+Blocking_Chars</literallayout>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print an arbitrary string at the specified
+ coordinates. The string to be printed is specified with the
+ <emphasis>Text_n</emphasis> key.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ PICTURE
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Coords, Filename
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ (none)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ This type value tells &app; to print an image at the specified coordinates. The
+ image to be printed is specified with the <emphasis>Filename_n</emphasis> key.
+ This type is only recognized when using gtk version 2.10 or later.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>SPLIT items include all split entries for the transaction except for the split that applies to the
+ current account register (referred to as the anchor-split). This is usually the last
+ split listed when splits are displayed in the register. The coordinate location defines
+ the lower left location for the split information.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="check_format_notes">
+ <title>Creating Check Format Files</title>
+
+ <para>Creating your own check format file is a fairly simple task. The easiest way to start is to copy an
+ existing check format file from the application directory (typically
+ <filename class="directory">/usr/share/gnucash/checks</filename>) to the directory
+ <filename class="directory">&dir-data;checks</filename><footnoteref linkend="dir-old-chk" />.
+ Make sure to change the guid so the new file will be accepted by gnucash, and change the
+ title to something descriptive. Then change or add individual item fields as necessary. You
+ can also create a new check file by clicking the <guibutton>Save Format</guibutton> button
+ on the <guilabel>Custom format</guilabel> page of the check printing dialog.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Key names are case sensitive. If you are having problems with a check format file, ensure that all
+ key names have capital letters as documented above.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+</appendix>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_accts.xml b/zh/guide/ch_accts.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4f1aec73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_accts.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,481 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.2.1
+ Last modified: September 26, 2010
+ Maintainers:
+ Tom Bullock <tbullock at nd.edu>
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Authors:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
+Originally written by
+ Carol Champagne
+Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<sect1 id="chapter_accts">
+ <title>科目</title>
+
+ <para>这一部分会介ç»ä¸€äº›ç”¨äºŽç»„织科目的实用概念。自从&app;ä¸å†è¦æ±‚固定的科目结构之åŽï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡ä»»ä½•å¸Œæœ›çš„æ–¹å¼è‡ªç”±åœ°è®¾è®¡ç§‘ç›®ç»“æž„ã€‚ç„¶è€Œï¼Œåœ¨è®¾è®¡å®žç”¨çš„ç§‘ç›®ç»“æž„æ—¶ï¼Œä½ éœ€è¦éµå¾ªå‡ 个基本会计概念。</para>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-concepts1">
+ <title>基本会计概念</title>
+
+ <para>æ£å¦‚å‰æ–‡æ‰€è¿°ï¼Œä¼šè®¡å·¥ä½œå›´ç»•äº”个基本科目类型展开：<guilabel>资产</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>负债</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>收入</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>费用</guilabel>。我们现在对这些科目类型进行更深入的ç†è§£ï¼Œå¹¶å±•ç¤ºå®ƒä»¬åœ¨&app;ä¸çš„显示形å¼ã€‚ä¸è¿‡é¦–先，我们将它们分为两组：资产负债类科目和æŸç›Šç±»ç§‘目。æ£å¦‚å…¶å，资产负债类科目总结了<emphasis>在æŸä¸€æ—¶é—´ç‚¹å¤„</emphasis>ä½ çš„èµ„äº§å’Œè´Ÿå€ºé‡‘é¢ï¼Œè€ŒæŸç›Šç±»ç§‘目能够汇总在æŸç›Šè¡¨æŠ¥å‘Šä¸ï¼ŒæŸç›Šè¡¨æŠ¥å‘Šæ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<emphasis>一段时间内的净值å˜åŠ¨</emphasis>。</para>
+
+ <para>在深入ç†è§£ç§‘目类型之å‰ï¼Œå…ˆç®€å•å›žé¡¾ä¸€ä¸‹ä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼ï¼š<emphasis>资产 - 负债 = 所有者æƒç›Š + (收入 -
+ 费用)</emphasis>。</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>基本科目间的关系</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="accts-AccountRelationships">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png"
+ srccredit="Geert Janssens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata contentwidth="4in"
+ fileref="figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg"
+ srccredit="Geert Janssens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption><para>五ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘ç›®ç±»åž‹ä¹‹é—´çš„å…³ç³»å›¾ã€‚å‡€å€¼é€šè¿‡æ”¶å…¥è€Œå¢žåŠ ï¼Œé€šè¿‡è´¹ç”¨è€Œå‡å°‘。ç®å¤´ä»£è¡¨é‡‘é¢çš„移动。</para></caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <sect3 id="accts-bsa2">
+ <title>资产负债类科目</title>
+
+ <para>三个所谓的<emphasis>资产负债类科目</emphasis>是<guilabel>资产</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>负债</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>ã€‚èµ„äº§è´Ÿå€ºç±»ç§‘ç›®ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªä½ çš„èµ„äº§æˆ–è´Ÿå€ºã€‚</para>
+
+ <para><guilabel>资产</guilabel>æ˜¯ä¸€ç»„ä½ æ‹¥æœ‰çš„ä¸œè¥¿ã€‚ä½ çš„èµ„äº§å¯èƒ½åŒ…å«æ±½è½¦ã€çŽ°é‡‘ã€æˆ¿äº§ã€è‚¡ç¥¨ï¼Œæˆ–其它任何具有兑æ¢ä»·å€¼çš„东西。兑æ¢ä»·å€¼æ˜¯æŒ‡ç†è®ºä¸Šä½ å¯ä»¥å–出资产以æ¢å–现金。</para>
+
+ <para><guilabel>负债</guilabel>æ˜¯ä¸€ç»„ä½ æ¬ åˆ«äººçš„ä¸œè¥¿ã€‚ä½ çš„è´Ÿå€ºå¯èƒ½åŒ…括汽车贷款ã€å¦ç”Ÿè´·æ¬¾ã€æˆ¿å±‹è´·æ¬¾ã€æŠ•èµ„ä¿è¯é‡‘å¸æˆ·ï¼Œæˆ–å…¶å®ƒä»»ä½•ä½ å¿…é¡»åœ¨æŸä¸€æ—¶åˆ»å¿è¿˜çš„东西。</para>
+
+ <para><guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>å³â€œå‡€å€¼â€ï¼Œä»£è¡¨ä½ 从资产ä¸å‡åŽ»è´Ÿå€ºåŽæ‰€å‰©çš„东西。å¯ä»¥è®¤ä¸ºå®ƒæ˜¯ä½ 完全拥有的，ä¸å«ä»»ä½•å€ºåŠ¡çš„资产。</para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="accts-ie2">
+ <title>æŸç›Šç±»ç§‘ç›®</title>
+
+ <para>两ç§<guilabel>æŸç›Šç±»ç§‘ç›®</guilabel>ç”¨äºŽå¢žåŠ æˆ–å‡å°‘å„科目的金é¢ã€‚所以，资产负债类科目åªæ˜¯è·Ÿè¸ªä½ 资产和负债的金é¢ï¼Œè€ŒæŸç›Šç±»ç§‘目能够改å˜è¿™äº›ç§‘目的的金é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para><guilabel>收入</guilabel>æ˜¯ä½ é€šè¿‡ä½ çš„æ—¶é—´ã€ä½ æ供的æœåŠ¡æˆ–å¯¹èµ„é‡‘çš„åˆ©ç”¨è€Œå¾—åˆ°çš„æŠ¥é…¬ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå½“ä½ æ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„æ”¯ç¥¨æ—¶ï¼Œå·¥èµ„æ”¯ç¥¨å°±æ˜¯ä½ ä¸ºé›‡ä¸»æ供劳动而得到的报酬。收入也å¯ä»¥åŒ…å«ä½£é‡‘ã€å°è´¹ã€æ¥è‡ªè‚¡ç¥¨çš„è‚¡æ¯æ”¶å…¥å’Œæ¥è‡ªé“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·çš„利æ¯æ”¶å…¥ã€‚æ”¶å…¥æ€»æ˜¯ä¼šå¢žåŠ èµ„äº§çš„ä»·å€¼ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para><guilabel>费用</guilabel>涉åŠç”¨äºŽè´ä¹°ä»–人æ供的商å“或æœåŠ¡çš„资金。费用å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ä¸€é¡¿é¤é¦†çš„åˆé¥ã€æˆ¿å±‹ç§Ÿé‡‘ã€æ‚è´§ã€æ±½æ²¹æˆ–演出票。费用会å‡å°‘ä½ çš„å‡€å€¼ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ç«‹åˆ»æ”¯ä»˜è´¹ç”¨ï¼Œèµ„äº§ä¼šå‡å°‘ï¼Œè€Œå¦‚æžœä½ ä½¿ç”¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡æ”¯ä»˜è´¹ç”¨ï¼Œè´Ÿå€ºä¼šå¢žåŠ 。</para>
+
+ <!--
+ Translators:
+ Your language might have a generic term for 'income and expense'.
+ Then you should introduce it here in a separate paragraph
+ and replace 'income and expense' by it in the latter sections of this book.
+-->
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-types1">
+ <title>&app;科目</title>
+
+ <para>本节将展示&app;å®šä¹‰çš„ç§‘ç›®æ€Žæ ·å¯¹åº”äºŽäº”ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘目类型。</para>
+
+ <para>首先，给出对&app;ä¸ç§‘目的定义。一个&app;<guilabel>科目</guilabel>是包å«å…¶å®ƒå科目或交易的实体。
+ 由于科目å¯ä»¥åŒ…å«å…¶å®ƒç§‘ç›®ï¼Œä½ ç»å¸¸å¯ä»¥åœ¨&app;ä¸çœ‹åˆ°ç§‘目表，逻辑上相关的科目在一个共åŒçš„父科目下分为一组。</para>
+
+ <para>&app;ä¸ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘ç›®å¿…é¡»å…·æœ‰ï¼ˆç”±ä½ æŒ‡å®šçš„ï¼‰å”¯ä¸€çš„å称并指定为预定义的&app;<quote>科目类型</quote>çš„å…¶ä¸ä¹‹ä¸€ã€‚&app;ä¸æ€»å…±æœ‰12ç§ç§‘目类型。这12ç§ç§‘目类型基于5ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘目类型，之所以&app;科目类型多于基本科目类型是为了帮助&app;针对æŸäº›ç§‘目实现特殊的跟踪和处ç†ã€‚有6ç§èµ„产科目（现金ã€é“¶è¡Œã€è‚¡ç¥¨ã€å…±åŒåŸºé‡‘ã€åº”收账款和资产）ã€3ç§è´Ÿå€ºç§‘目（信用å¡ã€åº”付账款和负债）ã€1ç§æ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šç§‘目（所有者æƒç›Šï¼‰ã€1ç§æ”¶å…¥ç§‘目（收入）ã€1ç§è´¹ç”¨ç§‘目（费用）。</para>
+
+ <para>下文详细列出了这些&app;科目类型。</para>
+
+ <sect3 id="accts-gc-bsa2">
+ <title>资产负债类科目</title>
+
+ <para>第一ç§è¯¦ç»†ä»‹ç»çš„资产负债类科目是<emphasis>资产</emphasis>，æ£å¦‚ä½ åœ¨å‰æ–‡å¦ä¹ åˆ°çš„é‚£æ ·ï¼Œèµ„äº§æ¶‰åŠä½ 拥有的东西。</para>
+
+ <para>ä¸ºäº†å¸®åŠ©ä½ ç»„ç»‡èµ„äº§ç§‘ç›®å¹¶æ–¹ä¾¿å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œ&app;支æŒå‡ ç§èµ„产科目类型：</para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>现金</guilabel>。使用æ¤ç§‘ç›®è·Ÿè¸ªä½ åœ¨æ‰‹å¤´ã€é’±åŒ…里ã€å˜é’±ç½ä¸ã€åºŠåž«ä¸‹ï¼Œæˆ–ä»»ä½•ä½ æƒ³æ”¾åœ¨æ‰‹è¾¹çš„åœ°æ–¹çš„çŽ°é‡‘ã€‚è¿™æ˜¯æœ€å…·<emphasis>æµåŠ¨æ€§</emphasis>çš„ã€æœ€æ–¹ä¾¿äº¤æ˜“的资产类型。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>银行</guilabel>。æ¤ç§‘ç›®ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªä½ åœ¨é“¶è¡Œï¼Œä¿¡ç”¨åˆä½œç¤¾ï¼Œå‚¨è“„ã€è´·æ¬¾æˆ–ç»çºªå…¬å¸ç‰ä»»ä½•èµ„产å—ä¿æŠ¤çš„机构ä¸çš„ä½™é¢ã€‚
+ 这是第二最具<emphasis>æµåŠ¨æ€§</emphasis>çš„ç§‘ç›®ç±»åž‹ï¼Œå› ä¸ºä½ å¯ä»¥æ–¹ä¾¿åœ°å°†å…¶è½¬æ¢ä¸ºæ‰‹å¤´çš„现金。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>股票</guilabel>。使用æ¤ç§‘ç›®ç±»åž‹è·Ÿè¸ªä½ ä¸ªäººæŒæœ‰çš„股票和债券。股票科目的账簿æä¾›é™„åŠ åˆ—ï¼Œç”¨äºŽè¾“å…¥ä»½é¢æ•°é‡å’ŒæŠ•èµ„ä»·æ ¼ã€‚é™¤éžä½ 找到买家，å¦åˆ™ä½ å¯èƒ½æ— 法方便地将这ç§ç±»åž‹çš„资产转æ¢ä¸ºçŽ°é‡‘ï¼Œè€Œä¸”ä½ æ— æ³•ä¿è¯å–出出时得到的金é¢ä¸Žä¹°å…¥æ—¶èŠ±è´¹çš„金é¢ç›¸åŒã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>å…±åŒåŸºé‡‘</guilabel>。这一科目类型与股票科目类似，åªæ˜¯å®ƒæ˜¯ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªåŸºé‡‘的。它的账簿也æ供了åŒæ ·çš„é™„åŠ åˆ—ç”¨äºŽè¾“å…¥ä»½é¢å’Œä»·æ ¼ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚基金代表å„ç§æŠ•èµ„的所有æƒä»½é¢ï¼Œè€Œä¸”å’Œè‚¡ç¥¨ä¸€æ ·ä¸æ供任何ä¿è¯çš„现金价值。</para>
+
+ <para>&app;以相åŒçš„æ–¹å¼å¤„ç†è‚¡ç¥¨å’Œå…±åŒåŸºé‡‘这两ç§ç§‘目类型。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>应收账款</guilabel>。æ¤ç§‘目一般仅用于ä¼ä¸šã€‚ä½ åº”å½“å°†åˆ«äººæ¬ ä½ çš„é‡è¦å€Ÿæ¬¾å½•å…¥åº”收账款科目ä¸ã€‚应收账款被认为是一ç§èµ„äº§ï¼Œå› ä¸ºä½ èƒ½å¤ŸæŒ‡æœ›å¯¹æ–¹å½’è¿˜è¿™äº›èµ„é‡‘ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>ä¸åº”以任何方å¼æ·»åŠ ã€æ›´æ”¹æˆ–åˆ é™¤æ¶‰åŠåº”收账款科目的交易，除éžä½¿ç”¨</para>
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>post/unpost bill/invoice/voucher 或
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>process payment
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>资产</guilabel>。&app;å¯ä»¥è½»æ¾åœ°å¤„ç†è®¸å¤šå…¶å®ƒæƒ…况，ä¸ç®¡è¿™äº›æƒ…况有多么å˜åŒ–多端。科目类型<quote>资产</quote>å¯ä»¥ç”¨äºŽä¸Šæ–‡æœªåˆ—出的å„ç§èµ„产。</para>
+
+ <para>&app;以相åŒçš„æ–¹å¼å¤„ç†çŽ°é‡‘ã€é“¶è¡Œå’Œèµ„产科目类型。</para>
+
+ <para>科目用于跟踪或记录与建立科目的目的相关的活动。</para>
+
+ <para>对于ä¼ä¸šï¼Œè·Ÿè¸ªå’ŒæŠ¥å‘Šçš„活动往往会被细分得比这里考虑的更细。为了对这ç§å¯èƒ½è¿›è¡Œæ›´æ·±å…¥çš„ç ”ç©¶ï¼Œè¯·é˜…è¯»æœ¬æŒ‡å—<xref
+ linkend="chapter_other_assets"/>ä¸çš„相关æ述。</para>
+
+ <para>用于个人财务的科目结构å¯ä»¥ä¸Žç”¨äºŽä¼ä¸šçš„科目结构相åŒï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ä¸åŒã€‚å› ä¸ºç”¨äºŽä¼ä¸šçš„科目结构å¯èƒ½å¯¹ä¸ªäººæ£åœ¨è·Ÿè¸ªçš„财务活动和个人管ç†é‡‘èžèµ„产需è¦çš„报表类型有一定作用。更多信æ¯å¯æŸ¥é˜…本指å—çš„<xref
+ linkend="chapter_other_assets"/>。</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>第二ç§èµ„产负债类科目是<emphasis>负债</emphasis>，æ£å¦‚å‰æ–‡æ‰€è¿°ï¼Œå®ƒæŒ‡ä½ æ¬ çš„ä¸œè¥¿æˆ–ä½ å€Ÿå…¥çš„é’±ï¼Œè€Œä¸”åº”å½“åœ¨å°†æ¥å¿è¿˜ã€‚这些都代表ç€å€Ÿæ¬¾äººä»Žä½ 这里获得回报的æƒåˆ©ã€‚跟踪负债余é¢å¯ä»¥è®©ä½ 知é“在æŸä¸€æ—¶é—´ç‚¹ä½ 有多少负债。</para>
+
+ <para>&app; æ供三ç§è´Ÿå€ºç§‘目类型：</para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>信用å¡</guilabel>用于跟踪信用å¡æ”¶æ®å¹¶æ ¸å¯¹ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ç»“å•ã€‚信用å¡ä»£è¡¨ä¸€ç§åº”当å‘信用å¡å…¬å¸å¿è¿˜çš„çŸæœŸè´·æ¬¾ï¼Œè¿™ç§ç§‘目也å¯ç”¨äºŽå…¶å®ƒçŸæœŸè´·æ¬¾ï¼Œä¾‹å¦‚从银行获得的信用贷款。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>应付账款</guilabel> æ¤ç§‘目一般用于ä¼ä¸šï¼Œç”¨äºŽè®°å½•å°šæœªæ”¯ä»˜çš„è´¦å•ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>涉åŠåº”付账款的交易ä¸åº”通过除使用<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>post/unpost bill/invoice/voucher 或</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>process payment</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist> 以外的方å¼æ·»åŠ ã€ä¿®æ”¹æˆ–åˆ é™¤ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>负债</guilabel>
+ 用于所有其它的负债，一般是数é¢æ›´å¤§çš„长期贷款，例如房屋贷款或汽车贷款。æ¤ç§‘ç›®æœ‰åŠ©äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªä½ å½“å‰çš„负债金é¢æˆ–当å‰çš„å·²å¿è¿˜é‡‘é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>&app;以相åŒçš„æ–¹å¼å¯¹å¾…信用å¡å’Œè´Ÿå€ºè¿™ä¸¤ç§ç§‘目类型。</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>负债记录方法与资产相å：<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>å¢žåŠ è´Ÿå€ºä½™é¢ï¼Œ<emphasis>借</emphasis>å‡å°‘负债余é¢ã€‚</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>最åŽä¸€ç§èµ„产负债类科目是<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š</emphasis>，也就是<quote>净值</quote>。它代表从资产ä¸å‡åŽ»è´Ÿå€ºåŽçš„å‰©ä½™ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥è¿™æ˜¯ä½ çš„èµ„äº§ä¸æ‰€å®Œå…¨ç”±ä½ 拥有的部分，也就是ä¸å«è´Ÿå€ºçš„部分。在
+ &app;ä¸ä½¿ç”¨æ¤ç±»ç§‘目作为期åˆé“¶è¡Œä½™é¢çš„æ¥æºï¼Œå› 为这些余é¢ä»£è¡¨ä½ çš„åˆå§‹å‡€å€¼ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>通常科目表ä¸åªæœ‰ä¸€ä¸ª&app;所有者æƒç›Šç§‘目，自然被å«åš<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>。对于ä¼ä¸šï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ä¸ºæ¯ä¸ªåˆä½œä¼™ä¼´åˆ›å»ºå科目。</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>在所有者æƒç›Šç§‘ç›®ä¸ï¼Œè´·å¢žåŠ 科目余é¢ï¼Œå€Ÿå‡å°‘科目余é¢ã€‚</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>å…³è”资产负债类科目的会计ç‰å¼æ˜¯ “资产 = 负债 + 所有者æƒç›Šâ€ï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯æ”¹å†™ä¸º “负债 - 资产 =
+ 所有者æƒç›Šâ€ã€‚所以，通俗地讲，<emphasis>ä½ æ‹¥æœ‰çš„ä¸œè¥¿</emphasis>å‡åŽ»<emphasis>ä½ æ¬ çš„ä¸œè¥¿</emphasis>ç‰äºŽ<emphasis>净值</emphasis>。</para>
+ </note>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="accts-gc-ie2">
+ <title>æŸç›Šç±»ç§‘ç›®</title>
+
+ <para><emphasis>收入</emphasis>æ˜¯ä½ ç”±äºŽä½ çš„æ—¶é—´ã€ä½ æ供的æœåŠ¡æˆ–对钱的利用而获得的支付金é¢ã€‚ 在&app;ä¸ï¼Œ
+ 使用<guilabel>收入</guilabel>类型科目跟踪这些金é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>è´·å¢žåŠ æ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ä½™é¢ï¼Œå€Ÿå‡å°‘收入科目余é¢ã€‚æ£å¦‚<xref
+ linkend="basics-accounting1"/>所述，贷代表金é¢ä»Žç§‘ç›®ä¸ç§»å‡ºã€‚所以在这些收入科目ä¸ï¼Œå½“ä½ å°†é’±ä»Žæ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ç§»åˆ°å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目时（贷），收入科目的余é¢ä¼š<emphasis>å¢žåŠ </emphasis>ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå½“ä½ å˜å…¥å·¥èµ„并记录了一次从收入科目到银行账户的交易时，这两个科目的余é¢éƒ½å¢žåŠ 了。</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para><emphasis>费用</emphasis>æŒ‡ä½ ç”¨äºŽè´ä¹°ä»–人æ供的商å“或æœåŠ¡çš„钱。
+ 在&app;ä¸ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨<guilabel>费用</guilabel>类型科目跟踪费用。</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>å€Ÿå¢žåŠ è´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®ä½™é¢ï¼Œè´·å‡å°‘费用科目余é¢ã€‚</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>在æŸæ—¶æœŸå†…，从总收入å‡åŽ»æ€»è´¹ç”¨å¾—到净收入。净收入éšåŽä½œä¸ºç•™å˜æ”¶ç›Šæ·»åŠ 到资产负债表的<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>科目。</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>下é¢æ˜¯æ ‡å‡†çš„<guilabel>收入</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>费用</guilabel>科目，在新建科目层级å‘导（<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>功能</guimenu>
+
+ <guimenuitem>新建科目层级...</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>）ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>通用科目</guilabel>åŽæ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>默认收入科目</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="accts-DefaultIncomeAccounts">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/accts_DefaultIncomeAccounts.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption><para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†æ ‡å‡†çš„<emphasis>收入</emphasis>科目。</para></caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>默认费用科目</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="accts-DefaultExpenseAccounts">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/accts_DefaultExpenseAccounts.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption><para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†æ ‡å‡†çš„<emphasis>费用</emphasis>科目。</para></caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="accts-other-types">
+ <title>其它科目类型</title>
+
+ <para>也有其它一些特殊的科目类型。</para>
+
+ <para><emphasis>贸易</emphasis>多å¸ç§äº¤æ˜“在多个<quote>贸易</quote>科目ä¸å½•å…¥åˆ†å½•ï¼Œä»¥ä½¿äº¤æ˜“在æ¯ä¸ªå¸ç§ä¸Šå’Œæ•´ä¸ªè´¦ç°¿ä¸Šå‡ä¿æŒå¹³è¡¡ã€‚请查看<xref
+ linkend="chapter_currency"/> 详细了解。</para>
+
+ <para><emphasis>è´§å¸å¸‚场</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>信用é¢åº¦</emphasis>仅用于OFX导入器，以完整符åˆè§„范。</para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-examples1">
+ <title>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</title>
+
+ <para>现在使用从æ¤ç« å¦ä¹ 到的内容，实æ“构建通用个人财务科目表的过程。科目表åªä¸è¿‡æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªæ–°çš„&app;æ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œä½ åœ¨å…¶ä¸ç»„织科目结构以跟踪财务状况。è¦æž„建科目表，第一æ¥æ˜¯å°†ä½ 想è¦è·Ÿè¸ªçš„项目分割进基本会计科目类型ä¸åŽ»ã€‚这很简å•ï¼Œä¸å¦¨çœ‹çœ‹ä¸‹é¢è¿™ä¸ªä¾‹å。</para>
+
+ <sect3 id="accts-examples-situation2">
+ <title>简å•ç¤ºä¾‹</title>
+
+ <para>å‡å®šä½ 在银行ä¸æœ‰ä¸€ä¸ªæ´»æœŸè´¦æˆ·å’Œä¸€ä¸ªå‚¨è“„è´¦æˆ·ï¼Œä½ è‡ªå·±å—é›‡ä½£å› æ¤ä¼šæ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„ã€‚ä½ æ‹¥æœ‰ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ï¼ŒæŒ‰æœˆæ”¯ä»˜æˆ¿ç§Ÿã€è¯è´¹å’Œç”µè´¹ã€‚å½“ç„¶ï¼Œä½ ä¹Ÿéœ€è¦è´ä¹°æ‚货。现在，我们ä¸ä¼šå…³å¿ƒä½ åœ¨é“¶è¡Œé‡Œæœ‰å¤šå°‘é’±ï¼Œä½ ä¿¡ç”¨å¡æ¬ 了多少钱，ç‰ç‰ã€‚我们åªæƒ³ç®€å•åœ°æž„建科目表的框架。</para>
+
+ <para>ä½ çš„<guilabel>资产</guilabel>包å«é“¶è¡Œå‚¨è“„账户和活期账户金é¢ã€‚ä½ çš„<guilabel>负债</guilabel>是信用å¡æ¬ æ¬¾ã€‚ä½ çš„<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>是银行账户和信用å¡çš„åˆå§‹é‡‘é¢ï¼ˆæˆ‘们目å‰è¿˜æ²¡æœ‰è¿™äº›é‡‘é¢æ•°æ®ï¼Œä½†è¿™äº›é‡‘é¢æ˜¯å˜åœ¨çš„ï¼‰ã€‚ä½ ä»¥è–ªèµ„çš„å½¢å¼èŽ·å¾—<guilabel>收入</guilabel>，以æ‚è´§ã€æˆ¿ç§Ÿã€ç”µè´¹ã€è¯è´¹å’Œè–ªèµ„税费（所得税ã€ç¤¾ä¿ã€åŒ»ä¿ç‰ï¼‰çš„å½¢å¼äº§ç”Ÿ<guilabel>费用</guilabel>。</para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="accts-examples-toplevel2">
+ <title>基本顶级科目</title>
+
+ <para>çŽ°åœ¨ä½ å¿…é¡»å†³å®šä½ æƒ³æ€Žæ ·ç»„ç»‡è¿™äº›ç§‘ç›®ã€‚ä¸€èˆ¬æ¥è¯´ï¼Œä½ 想è¦ä½ çš„<emphasis>资产</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>负债</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>收入</emphasis>分为一组，<emphasis>费用</emphasis>分为一组。这是最构建科目表常è§çš„æ–¹å¼ï¼ŒåŒæ—¶å¼ºçƒˆå»ºè®®ä½ 总是以æ¤ä½œä¸ºèµ·ç‚¹ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>一开始，从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+
+ <guimenuitem>新建</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice> 创建空白的&app;文件。
+ <guilabel>新建科目层次</guilabel>å‘导会å¯åŠ¨ã€‚点击<guibutton>å–消</guibutton>å…³é—å‘å¯¼ï¼Œå› ä¸ºæˆ‘ä»¬ä¸æƒ³ä½¿ç”¨ä»»ä½•ä¸€ç§é¢„å®šä¹‰çš„ç§‘ç›®ç»“æž„ã€‚æˆ‘ä»¬å°†æ ¹æ®è‡ªå·±çš„想法自行构建基本åˆå§‹ç§‘目结构。在空白的&app;窗å£ä¸é€‰æ‹©èœå•<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>æµè§ˆ</guimenu>
+
+ <guimenuitem>新科目页é¢</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>，éšåŽ<guilabel>科目</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µå°†æ‰“开。å†é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>功能</guimenu>
+
+ <guimenuitem>新建科目...</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>。</para>
+
+ <para>现在å¯ä»¥å¼€å§‹æž„建æ¤åŸºæœ¬åˆå§‹ç§‘目结构了。</para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>资产</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>资产</guilabel>，父科目：
+ <guilabel>新建顶级科目</guilabel>）</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>创建资产科目</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="accts-CreateAssetsAccounts">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/accts_CreateAssetsAccount.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption><para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†åˆ›å»ºèµ„产科目的对è¯æ¡†ã€‚</para></caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>负债</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>负债</guilabel>，父科目：<guilabel>新建顶级科目</guilabel>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>，父科目：<guilabel>新建顶级科目</guilabel>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>收入</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>收入</guilabel>，父科目：<guilabel>新建顶级科目</guilabel>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>花费</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>花费</guilabel>，父科目：<guilabel>新建顶级科目</guilabel>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>创建顶级科目åŽï¼Œ&app;ä¸çš„科目页应该如下图所示：</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>基本顶级科目</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="accts-toplevel">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/accts_toplevel.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption><para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†åŸºæœ¬é¡¶çº§ç§‘目。</para></caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="accts-examples-organization2">
+ <title>创建å科目</title>
+
+ <para>现在å¯ä»¥å‘åŸºæœ¬é¡¶çº§ç§‘ç›®æ ‘ç»“æž„æ·»åŠ ä¸€äº›å˜å‚¨å®žé™…交易记录的å科目。注æ„税费科目置于å为<emphasis>税费</emphasis>çš„å科目之下。å¯ä»¥åœ¨å科目下å†åˆ›å»ºå科目。一般针对一组相关的科目进行æ¤æ“作（例如这个例åä¸çš„å„税费科目）。</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>除了从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>功能</guimenu>
+
+ <guimenuitem>新建科目...</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>，也å¯ä»¥å³å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称并选择<guilabel>新建科目...</guilabel>èœå•é¡¹åˆ›å»ºç›¸åº”科目的å科目。
+ éšåŽä¼šæ‰“开与<xref
+ linkend="accts-examples-toplevel2"/>所示相似的对è¯æ¡†ï¼Œå…¶ä¸è¦æ–°å»ºçš„科目会被设为相应科目的å科目。</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>现金</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>现金</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>资产</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>活期</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>银行</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>资产</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>储蓄</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>银行</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>资产</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>信用å¡</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>信用å¡</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>负债</emphasis>)</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>薪资</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>收入</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>收入</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>è¯è´¹</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>费用</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>费用</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>电费</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>费用</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>费用</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>房租</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>费用</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>费用</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>æ‚è´§</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>费用</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>费用</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>税费</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>费用</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>费用</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>所得税</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>花费</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>费用:税费</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <!-- Federal 应该是指美国è”邦政府收的税，这是翻译æˆæ‰€å¾—税å§-->
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>社ä¿</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>花费</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>费用:税费</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>医ä¿</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>花费</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>费用:税费</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>科目å称：<guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>
+ （科目类型：<guilabel>所有者æƒç›Š</guilabel>，父科目：<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š</emphasis>）</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>在创建了这些å科目åŽï¼Œæœ€ç»ˆç»“果如下所示：</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>基本科目表</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="accts-tree">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/accts_tree.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption><para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ä¸€ä¸ªç®€å•çš„科目表。</para></caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>分别使用文件å<filename>gcashdata_3</filename>å’Œ<filename>gcashdata_3emptyAccts</filename>ä¿å˜æ¤ç§‘目表，我们将在åŽé¢çš„ç« èŠ‚ä¸ç»§ç»ä½¿ç”¨è¿™äº›æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>çŽ°åœ¨ï¼Œä½ å·²ç»åˆ›å»ºäº†ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªå®¶åºè´¢åŠ¡çŠ¶å†µçš„科目表。基于æ¤å¤„的基本框架，我们现在å¯ä»¥å¼€å§‹å‘科目ä¸æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“äº†ï¼Œå…·ä½“ä¼šåœ¨ä¸‹ä¸€ç« è¯¦ç»†ä»‹ç»ã€‚</para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+</sect1>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_basics.xml b/zh/guide/ch_basics.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1de52825
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_basics.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1436 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+(Do not remove this comment block.)
+Version: 2.0.0
+Last modified: 2014-08-28 (fell)
+modified: October 25th 2010
+modified: January 12th 2007
+modified: July 9th 2006
+Maintainers:
+Cristian Marchi <cri.penta at gmail.com>
+Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+Author:
+Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
+Originally written by Carol Champagne.
+Translators:
+(translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_basics">
+ <title>基础</title>
+
+ <para>æœ¬ç« å°†ä»‹ç»åœ¨ä½¿ç”¨&app;时需è¦äº†è§£çš„一些基本概念。推èä½ åœ¨å®žé™…ä½¿ç”¨&app;å‰é€šè¯»æœ¬ç« 。</para>
+
+ <sect1 id="basics-accounting1">
+ <title>会计概念</title>
+
+ <para>&app;æ˜“äºŽä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œä½ æ— éœ€å®Œå…¨ç†è§£ä¼šè®¡å‡†åˆ™å°±å¯ä»¥å‘现它å分有用。然而，掌æ¡ä¸€äº›åŸºæœ¬çš„ä¼šè®¡çŸ¥è¯†å¾ˆæœ‰ä»·å€¼ï¼Œå› ä¸º&app;å°±åŸºäºŽè¿™äº›å‡†åˆ™è®¾è®¡çš„ã€‚å¼ºçƒˆå»ºè®®ä½ åœ¨ä¸Šæ‰‹ä½¿ç”¨å‰ç†è§£æŒ‡å—的这一部分。</para>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-accounting52">
+ <title>五ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘ç›®</title>
+
+ <para>基本会计规则将财务上的所有事物分为五ç§åŸºæœ¬<quote>科目</quote>类型。也就是说，会计è¦å¤„ç†çš„一切事物都å¯ä»¥å½’类这五ç§ç§‘目之一：</para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <title>账户类型</title>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>
+ <emphasis>资产</emphasis>
+ </term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>ä½ æ‹¥æœ‰çš„ä¸œè¥¿</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>
+ <emphasis>负债</emphasis>
+ </term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>ä½ æ¬ åˆ«äººçš„ä¸œè¥¿</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>
+ <emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š</emphasis>
+ </term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>总净值</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>
+ <emphasis>收入</emphasis>
+ </term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>账户ä¸å¢žåŠ 的价值</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>
+ <emphasis>费用</emphasis>
+ </term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>账户ä¸å‡å°‘的价值</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <para>很明显，å¯ä»¥å°†ä½ çš„è´¢åŠ¡ä¸–ç•Œåˆ†ä¸ºäº”ç»„ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ é“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·ä¸çš„çŽ°é‡‘æ˜¯èµ„äº§ï¼Œä½ çš„æˆ¿è´·æ˜¯è´Ÿå€ºï¼Œä½ çš„å·¥èµ„æ˜¯æ”¶å…¥ï¼Œæ˜¨å¤©æ™šé¥å¼€é”€æ˜¯è´¹ç”¨ã€‚</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-accountingequation2">
+ <title>会计ç‰å¼</title>
+
+ <para>现在有了五ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘ç›®ï¼Œä½†ä»–ä»¬ä¹‹é—´çš„å…³ç³»æ˜¯æ€Žæ ·çš„å‘¢ï¼Ÿå…¶ä¸ä¸€ç§ç§‘ç›®æ€Žæ ·å½±å“其它科目？
+ 首先，å¯ç”±èµ„产和负债定义ç‰å¼ï¼Œä¹Ÿå³ï¼Œä½ 的净值ç‰äºŽä½ 的资产å‡åŽ»è´Ÿå€ºã€‚</para>
+
+ <equation id="accounting_equation_static">
+ <title>é™æ€ä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼</title>
+
+ <mathphrase>资产 - 负债 = 所有者æƒç›Š</mathphrase>
+ </equation>
+
+ <para>å¦å¤–，å¯ä»¥ç”±æ”¶å…¥å¢žåŠ 净值或由费用å‡å°‘净值。这当然是有é“ç†çš„ï¼Œå½“ä½ å¾—åˆ°å·¥èµ„ä½ å°±å˜å¾—<quote>更富有</quote>ï¼Œå½“ä½ ä¸ºæ™šé¥ä»˜é’±ä½ å°±å˜å¾—<quote>æ›´è´«ç©·</quote>。这就以数å¦çš„æ–¹å¼è¡¨è¾¾äº†ä¸€ä¸ªäººä»¬ç§°ä¸ºä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼çš„东西：</para>
+
+ <equation id="accounting_equation_dynamic">
+ <title>动æ€ä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼</title>
+
+ <mathphrase>资产 - 负债 = 所有者æƒç›Š + (收入 - 费用)</mathphrase>
+ </equation>
+
+ <para>æ¤ç‰å¼åº”当永远æˆç«‹ï¼Œè€Œåªæœ‰åŒæ—¶å˜åŠ¨å¤šä¸ªç§‘目的金é¢æ—¶æ‰èƒ½è¾¾åˆ°è¦æ±‚。 例如，如果以收入的形å¼å¾—åˆ°äº†ä¸€ç¬”é’±ï¼Œä½ å¿…é¡»ç‰é¢åœ°å¢žåŠ 资产科目的金é¢ã€‚
+ åˆå¦‚，如果负债科目的金é¢å¢žåŠ ，应当使资产科目的金é¢å¢žåŠ 。</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>基本科目关系</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-AccountRelationships">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png"
+ srccredit="Geert Janssens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata contentwidth="4in"
+ fileref="figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg"
+ format="SVG" srccredit="Geert Janssens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>五ç§åŸºæœ¬ç§‘目关系图。净值（所有者æƒç›Šï¼‰ç”±æ”¶å…¥çš„å¢žåŠ å’Œè´¹ç”¨çš„å‡å°‘è€Œå¢žåŠ ã€‚ç®å¤´ä»£è¡¨äº†é‡‘é¢çš„转移。</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-debits-credits">
+ <title>借货记账法</title>
+
+ <para>åˆæ¬¡æŽ¥è§¦ä¼šè®¡å·¥ä½œçš„人常常ä¸æ˜Žç™½ä¼šè®¡ä¸â€œå€Ÿâ€ä¸Žâ€œè´·â€çš„用法，åŠå…¶å¯¹ä¸åŒç§‘目的作用。上文介ç»çš„会计ç‰å¼æ˜¯ç†è§£å“ªç§ç§‘目在何时是借或贷的关键。首先，展开并é‡æ–°æŽ’列会计ç‰å¼ï¼Œä½¿èµ„产ä½äºŽç‰å·çš„左边，并将任何带有负å·çš„科目移到å¦ä¸€ä¾§ï¼Œè¿™æ ·å¯ä»¥å¾—到：</para>
+
+ <equation id="accounting_equation_rearranged">
+ <title>é‡æ–°æŽ’列的会计ç‰å¼</title>
+
+ <mathphrase>资产 + 费用 = 负债 + 所有者æƒç›Š + 收入</mathphrase>
+ </equation>
+
+ <para>æ¤å½¢å¼çš„会计ç‰å¼ä¸ï¼Œç‰å·å·¦è¾¹çš„科目称为<emphasis>借方科目</emphasis>记为<emphasis>借</emphasis>的分录å¯ä»¥å¢žåŠ 这些科目的余é¢ã€‚相å，记为贷的分录会å‡å°‘这些科目的余é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>类似地，在ç‰å·å³è¾¹çš„科目也被称为<emphasis>贷方科目</emphasis>，å³è¿™äº›ç§‘目的余é¢ç”±è®°ä¸º<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>çš„åˆ†å½•å¢žåŠ ã€‚åŒæ ·åœ°ï¼Œè¿™äº›ç§‘ç›®ä¸è®°ä¸ºå€Ÿçš„分录会å‡å°‘科目的余é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>译注：<emphasis>借</emphasis>与<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>是固定的会计术è¯ï¼Œä¼šè®¡å·¥ä½œä¸è¿™ä¸¤ä¸ªå—的用法和日常生活ä¸çš„用法并ä¸ä¸€è‡´ã€‚</para>
+
+ <table frame="all" id="basics-debits-credits-effect-tbl">
+ <title>借和贷对五ç§ç§‘目类型余é¢çš„å½±å“</title>
+
+ <tgroup align="left" cols="3" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
+ <colspec colname="c1"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="c2"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="c3"/>
+
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>科目类型</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" nameend="c3" namest="c2">对科目余é¢çš„å½±å“</entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry/>
+
+ <entry>借 (Dr)</entry>
+
+ <entry>è´· (Cr)</entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>资产</entry>
+
+ <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">å¢žåŠ </entry>
+
+ <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">å‡å°‘</entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>费用</entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>负债</entry>
+
+ <entry morerows="2" valign="middle">å‡å°‘</entry>
+
+ <entry morerows="2" valign="middle">å¢žåŠ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>所有者æƒç›Š</entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>收入</entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-accountingdouble2">
+ <title>å¤å¼è®°è´¦æ³•</title>
+
+ <para>会计ç‰å¼æ˜¯<firstterm>å¤å¼è®°è´¦ä¼šè®¡åˆ¶åº¦</firstterm>çš„æ ¸å¿ƒã€‚å½“ä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼ä¸ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目的余é¢å˜åŠ¨æ—¶ï¼Œå¿…须对ç‰åœ°å˜åŠ¨å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目。这一概念也被称为<firstterm>平衡原则</firstterm>，它是ç†è§£&app;和其它å¤å¼è®°è´¦ä¼šè®¡åˆ¶åº¦çš„基础。当使用&app;时，为了ä¿æŒä¼šè®¡ç‰å¼çš„平衡，总è¦åŒæ—¶å…³æ³¨è‡³å°‘两个科目。</para>
+
+ <para>账户间的平衡å˜åŠ¨ï¼ˆæˆ–资金转移）是通过借记一个账户åŒæ—¶è´·è®°å¦ä¸€ä¸ªè´¦æˆ·æ¥å®Œæˆçš„。会计上的<firstterm>借</firstterm>与<firstterm>è´·</firstterm>，并ä¸æ„味ç€<quote>å‡å°‘</quote>与<quote>å¢žåŠ </quote>。æ£å¦‚å‰ä¸€éƒ¨åˆ†æ‰€è¿°ï¼Œå€Ÿä¸Žè´·éƒ½ä¼šåœ¨å¢žåŠ æŸäº›ç§‘目余é¢çš„åŒæ—¶å‡å°‘其它科目余é¢ã€‚在资产和费用科目ä¸ï¼Œå€Ÿä¼šå¢žåŠ ä½™é¢ï¼Œè´·ä¼šå‡å°‘ä½™é¢ã€‚在负债ã€æ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šå’Œæ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ä¸ï¼Œè´·ä¼šå¢žåŠ ä½™é¢ï¼Œå€Ÿä¼šå‡å°‘ä½™é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>åœ¨ä¼ ç»Ÿçš„å¤å¼è®°è´¦ä¸ï¼Œè´¦ç°¿å·¦è¾¹çš„一列记借，å³è¾¹çš„ä¸€åˆ—è®°è´·ã€‚ä¼šè®¡å¸ˆä¼šåœ¨è®°å€Ÿçš„ä¸€ä¾§ï¼ˆå·¦ä¾§ï¼‰è®°å½•èµ„äº§å’Œè´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®çš„å¢žåŠ ï¼Œåœ¨è®°è´·çš„ä¸€ä¾§ï¼ˆå³ä¾§ï¼‰è®°å½•è´Ÿå€ºã€æ”¶å…¥å’Œæ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šçš„å¢žåŠ ã€‚&app;éµå¾ªè¿™ä¸€è´¦ç°¿è®°è´¦æ—¶çš„惯例。</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>这些会计术è¯å¯èƒ½ä»¤æ–°ç”¨æˆ·æ„Ÿåˆ°å›°æƒ‘ï¼Œå› æ¤&app;默认使用更常è§çš„术è¯<guilabel>å˜å…¥</guilabel>
+ å’Œ<guilabel>å–出</guilabel>ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ å¸Œæœ›ä½¿ç”¨æ£è§„的会计术è¯ï¼Œå¯ä»¥åœ¨<guilabel>首选项</guilabel>（更多有关设置首选项的信æ¯è¯·æŸ¥çœ‹&app;帮助手册）ä¸çš„<guilabel>科目</guilabel>选项å¡è¿›è¡Œè®¾ç½®ã€‚</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <warning>
+ <para>在日常生活ä¸ï¼Œ<emphasis>借</emphasis>与<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>这两个å—的用法和会计工作ä¸çš„用法并ä¸ä¸€è‡´ã€‚在日常使用ä¸ï¼Œ<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>é€šå¸¸æœ‰å¢žåŠ çš„æ„æ€ï¼›åœ¨ä¼šè®¡å·¥ä½œä¸ï¼Œ<emphasis>è´·</emphasis>æ„味ç€<emphasis>å½±å“æŸä¸€ç§‘目分类账表的å³åˆ—</emphasis>。这与资产和费用科目的<emphasis>å‡å°‘</emphasis>相关，与收入ã€è´Ÿå€ºå’Œæ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šç§‘目的<emphasis>å¢žåŠ </emphasis>相关。</para>
+
+ <para>详细信æ¯å¯å‚阅<ulink
+ url="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debits_and_credits"/>。</para>
+ </warning>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="basics-entry1">
+ <title>æ•°æ®å½•å…¥æ¦‚念</title>
+
+ <para>当在&app;ä¸å½•å…¥æ•°æ®æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 应当了解&app;用于分隔数æ®çš„三级组织形å¼ï¼šæ–‡ä»¶ã€ç§‘ç›®å’Œäº¤æ˜“ã€‚è¿™å‡ ä¸ªå±‚çº§æŒ‰å…¶å¤æ‚性次åºåˆ—出，一个文件包å«è®¸å¤šç§‘目，一个科目包å«è®¸å¤šäº¤æ˜“。认识这ç§åˆ†éš”方法是ç†è§£æ€Žæ ·ä½¿ç”¨&app;的基础。</para>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-files2">
+ <title>文件</title>
+
+ <para>&app;以文件形å¼å˜å‚¨æœ€é«˜å±‚级的信æ¯ã€‚一个文件å¯ä»¥ä»¥å•ä¸ª<acronym>XML</acronym>文件（在所有版本的
+ &app;上）或<acronym>SQL</acronym>æ•°æ®åº“（2.4或更高版本的&app;上）的形å¼å˜å‚¨åœ¨ä½ 的计算机上。</para>
+
+ <!--
+ <note>
+ <para><acronym>SQL</acronym> is pronounced <quote>sequel</quote>, so
+ in spoken and written language we would say <quote>a SQL
+ database</quote>.</para>
+ </note>
+ -->
+
+ <para>使用<acronym>XML</acronym>æ–‡ä»¶æ ¼å¼æ—¶ï¼Œ&app;会在å•ä¸ª<acronym>XML</acronym>文件ä¸å˜å‚¨ä½ çš„æ•°æ®ï¼Œæ–‡ä»¶é€šå¸¸ä½¿ç”¨åŽ‹ç¼©æ ¼å¼ï¼ˆæ¤è¡Œä¸ºå¯ä»¥åœ¨&app;<guilabel>首选项</guilabel>下的<guilabel>通用</guilabel>选项å¡ä¸è¿›è¡Œä¿®æ”¹ï¼‰ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>使用<acronym>SQL</acronym>å˜å‚¨æ—¶ï¼Œ&app;ä¼šåœ¨ä½ é€‰æ‹©çš„æ•°æ®åº“软件（SQLite3〠MySQL 或
+ PostgreSQL）ä¸æŠŠä½ çš„æ•°æ®å˜å‚¨è‡³ <acronym>SQL</acronym>æ•°æ®åº“里。</para>
+
+ <para>ä½ éœ€è¦ä¸ºä½ æ£åœ¨å¤„ç†çš„一组科目准备主文件或数æ®åº“。è¦äº†è§£æ€Žæ ·åˆ›å»ºå’Œç®¡ç†&app;文件，å¯å‚è§ <xref
+ linkend="basics-files1"/>。</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>ä½ å¦‚æžœè®¤ä¸ºéœ€è¦å¤šäºŽä¸€ç»„的科目，则应在处ç†è´¦ç›®å‰å’¨è¯¢ä¸“业会计师。大多数用户仅需一个数æ®æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>备份文件和日志文件由&app;适时自动生æˆã€‚备份文件和日志文件会在<xref
+ linkend="basics-backup1"/>详细é˜è¿°ã€‚</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <!-- basics-files2 -->
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-accounts2">
+ <title>科目</title>
+
+ <para><glossterm
+ linkend="gnc-gl_account">科目</glossterm>è·Ÿè¸ªä½ æ‹¥æœ‰çš„ã€æ¬ 别人的ã€ä½ èŠ±è´¹çš„çš„æˆ–ä½ å¾—åˆ°çš„ä¸œè¥¿ã€‚æ¯ä¸ª&app;文件å¯åŒ…å«ä»»æ„æ•°é‡çš„科目，æ¯ä¸ªç§‘ç›®åˆå¯åŒ…å«è®¸å¤šå科目，层数ä¸é™ã€‚æ£å¦‚ä½ å°†åœ¨æŽ¥ä¸‹æ¥çš„ç« èŠ‚çœ‹åˆ°çš„é‚£æ ·ï¼Œè¿™ä¸ªç®€å•çš„特性使&app;擅长管ç†ä½ 的财务。</para>
+
+ <para>例如，科目å¯ä»¥åŒ…括：活期账户ã€å‚¨è“„账户ã€ä¿¡ç”¨å¡è´¦æˆ·ã€æˆ¿è´·å’Œå…¶å®ƒè´·æ¬¾ã€‚æ¯ä¸ª&app;科目跟踪对应的<quote>真实</quote>è´¦æˆ·çš„æ´»åŠ¨ï¼Œä»¥ä½¿ä½ äº†è§£å…¶çŠ¶æ€ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>æ¤å¤–，科目也å¯ä»¥æŠŠä½ å¾—åˆ°æˆ–èŠ±è´¹çš„é’±åˆ†ç±»ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥åˆ›å»ºè´¹ç”¨ç§‘ç›®æ¥è®°å½•ä½ 为食å“å’Œæ‚货付的钱。这些科目å³ä½¿å¹¶ä¸å¯¹åº”于会收到结算å•çš„实际账户，也å¯ä»¥è®©ä½ 得知在å„个方é¢èŠ±äº†å¤šå°‘钱。</para>
+
+ <para>本指å—会在<xref linkend="chapter_accts"/>ä¸æ›´è¯¦ç»†åœ°ä»‹ç»ç§‘目。</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <!-- basics-accounts2 -->
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-transactions2">
+ <title>交易</title>
+
+ <para><firstterm>交易</firstterm>代表金é¢åœ¨ç§‘ç›®é—´çš„ç§»åŠ¨ã€‚ä»»ä½•åœ¨ä½ èŠ±å‡ºæˆ–æ”¶åˆ°é’±ï¼Œæˆ–åœ¨è´¦æˆ·é—´è½¬è´¦çš„æ—¶å€™ï¼Œå°±ä¼šäº§ç”Ÿäº¤æ˜“ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>例如，交易å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ï¼šæ”¯ä»˜è¯è´¹ã€æŠŠé’±ä»Žå‚¨è“„账户转账到支付账户ã€ä¹°çƒ§é¥¼ã€å–出现金和å˜å…¥å·¥èµ„。<xref
+ linkend="chapter_txns"/> 会更深入地介ç»æ€Žæ ·å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“。</para>
+
+ <para>在<link linkend="basics-accountingdouble2">å¤å¼è®°è´¦</link>ä¸ï¼Œäº¤æ˜“总是至少涉åŠä¸¤ä¸ªç§‘目——一个付款科目，一个收款科目。为了实现该机制，对æ¯ä¸ªå—å½±å“的科目，&app;会å‘交易ä¸æ’入一行，并在æ¯ä¸€è¡Œä¸è®°å½•æ¶‰åŠçš„金é¢ã€‚交易ä¸è®°å½•æ¶‰åŠçš„科目与金é¢çš„行称为分录。æ¯ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“å¯ä»¥åŒ…å«ä»»æ„æ•°é‡çš„分录。</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>交易分录会在<xref linkend="txns-registers-multiaccount2"/>进行介ç»ã€‚</para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <!-- basics-transactions2 -->
+ </sect1>
+
+ <!-- basics-entry1 -->
+
+ <sect1 id="basics-running-gnucash">
+ <title>è¿è¡Œ&app;</title>
+
+ <para>å¯ä»¥é€‰æ‹©æ¡Œé¢ä¸»èœå•ä¸çš„相应èœå•é¡¹è¿è¡Œ&app;。</para>
+
+ <para>也å¯ä»¥åœ¨å‘½ä»¤è¡Œä¸æ‰§è¡Œ <command>gnucash</command> æ¥è¿è¡Œã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>在å¯åŠ¨è¿‡ç¨‹ä¸ï¼Œ&app;会显示欢迎å±å¹•ï¼Œæ˜¾ç¤ºä¸€äº›æœ‰å…³ç¨‹åºï¼ˆç‰ˆæœ¬å·ã€æž„建å·ç‰ï¼‰å’ŒåŠ 载过程的信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-welcome-to-gnucash">
+ <title><guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;ï¼</guilabel>对è¯æ¡†</title>
+
+ <para>最åˆæ‰“å¼€&app;ä½ ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°<guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;ï¼</guilabel>对è¯æ¡†ï¼Œå…¶ä¸åŒ…å«ä¸‰ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹ï¼š</para>
+
+ <!-- Recommend screen shot here of Welcome to GnuCash! dialog -->
+
+ <itemizedlist id="welcome-screen-options">
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>创建一组新的科目</guilabel> —— è¿è¡Œ<guilabel>新建层次科目</guilabel>å‘导（å‚考<xref linkend="basics-acct-hierarchy"/>ï¼‰ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æƒ³åœ¨&app;的帮助下创建一组新科目，请选择æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>导入我的QIF文件</guilabel> —— è¿è¡Œ<guilabel>导入QIF文件</guilabel>å‘导（å‚考<xref linkend="importing-qif"/>ï¼‰ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ å·²ç»æ‹¥æœ‰Quicken文件（<filename>.qif</filename>文件）并希望将其导入&app;，请选择æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>打开新用户教程</guilabel> - 打开&app;教程与概念指å—ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ åˆšå¼€å§‹æŽ¥è§¦&app;和会计概念，请选择æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>在离开æ¤ç•Œé¢åŽï¼Œä½ ä»ç„¶å¯ä»¥è®¿é—®å…¶ä¸çš„æ¯ä¸€é¡¹ï¼Œä½†<guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;</guilabel>ç•Œé¢
+ ä¸ä¼šå†æ¬¡æ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚è¦åˆ›å»ºä¸€ç»„新的科目，å‚è§<xref linkend="basics-acct-hierarchy"/>。è¦å¯¼å…¥QIF文件，å‚è§<xref linkend="importing-qif"/>。</para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-acct-hierarchy">
+ <title>新建层级科目</title>
+
+ <para><emphasis>新建层级科目</emphasis>å‘å¯¼èƒ½å¤Ÿå¸®åŠ©ä½ åˆ›å»ºä¸€ç»„æ–°çš„&app;科目。如果在
+ <guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;ï¼</guilabel>ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guibutton>创建一组新的科目</guibutton>，
+ 或选择<menuchoice>
+ <shortcut>
+ <keycombo>
+ <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
+
+ <keycap>N</keycap>
+ </keycombo>
+ </shortcut>
+
+ <guimenu>文件(<accel>F</accel>)</guimenu>
+
+ <guimenuitem>新建(<accel>N</accel>)</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice> 时，该å‘导会å¯åŠ¨ã€‚ä½ ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ä»Ž<guilabel>科目</guilabel>页é¢é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>功能(<accel>A</accel>)</guimenu>
+
+ <guimenuitem>新建层级科目…</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>æ¥ä½¿ç”¨è¯¥å‘导å‘çŽ°æœ‰è´¦ç°¿æ·»åŠ éƒ¨åˆ†ç§‘ç›®ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>该å‘å¯¼ä¼šæŒ‡å¼•ä½ åˆ›å»º<emphasis>科目汇总表</emphasis>。æ¤å‘导包å«å‡ 个æ¥éª¤ï¼Œç®€è¦ä»‹ç»å¦‚下：</para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>第一个页é¢ç®€è¦ä»‹ç»äº†æ¤å‘导的功能。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>新建账簿选项</guilabel>åªåœ¨åˆ›å»ºæ–°è´¦ç°¿æ—¶å‡ºçŽ°ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥åœ¨æ¤è®¾ç½®è®¸å¤šè´¦ç°¿å±žæ€§ã€‚æ¤é¡µé¢åŒ…å«å››ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹å¡ï¼šç§‘ç›®ã€é¢„ç®—ã€å•†ä¸šå’Œè®¡æ•°å™¨ã€‚ è¿™å‡ é¡¹å†…å®¹åœ¨æœ¬æŒ‡å—的其它部分会展开介ç»ï¼Œå¯ä»¥éšæ—¶ç»
+ <menuchoice>
+ <shortcut>
+ <keycombo>
+ <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
+
+ <keycap>Enter</keycap>
+ </keycombo>
+ </shortcut>
+ <guimenu>文件(<accel>F</accel>)</guimenu>
+ <guimenuitem>属性(<accel>T</accel>)</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice> 修改。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>选择å¸ç§</guilabel>è®¾ç½®æ ¹ç§‘ç›®å’Œæ–°å»ºç§‘ç›®çš„é»˜è®¤å¸ç§ã€‚è¯¥é€‰é¡¹çš„é»˜è®¤å€¼æ ¹æ®è®¡ç®—æœºçš„åŒºåŸŸè®¾ç½®ç¡®å®šã€‚è¯·è®¤çœŸé€‰æ‹©ï¼Œå› ä¸ºå®ƒä¸ä»…会设置新建科目的默认å¸ç§ï¼Œä¹Ÿä¼šæˆä¸ºæ‰€æœ‰è‚¡ç¥¨ä»·æ ¼å’Œå¤–å¸æ±‡çŽ‡çš„默认å¸ç§ã€‚尽管å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡<guimenu>功能</guimenu>èœå•é‡æ–°è¿è¡Œ<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导进行更改，但如æ¤æ“作åŽä½ å·²ç»åˆ›å»ºçš„交易å¯èƒ½ä¼šæŸå。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>选择è¦åˆ›å»ºçš„科目</guilabel>æ供了多ç§å¯æ·»åŠ 到账簿的会计模æ¿ã€‚æ¤å¤„主è¦æœ‰ä¸¤ä¸ªé¢æ¿ï¼šå·¦ä¾§æ˜¯æ¨¡æ¿åˆ—表，æ¯ä¸€é¡¹æ—边有一个å¤é€‰æ¡†ï¼›å³ä¾§æ˜¯å°†ç”±é€‰ä¸çš„模æ¿æ·»åŠ 到账簿的科目。</para>
+
+ <para>在<guilabel>模æ¿</guilabel>列表上方，是两个下拉框，其ä¸ä¸€ä¸ªæ˜¯è¯è¨€ä»£ç ，å¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ˜¯å›½å®¶ä»£ç 。åˆå§‹é€‰æ‹©åŒæ ·åŸºäºŽä½ çš„è®¡ç®—æœºåŒºåŸŸè®¾ç½®ç¡®å®šã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥é€‰æ‹©é€‚åˆä½ 需è¦çš„任何è¯è¨€å’Œå›½å®¶çš„组åˆã€‚</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para><guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导ä¸ï¼Œä¸€æ¬¡ä¸èƒ½é€‰æ‹©å¤šä¸ªåŒºåŸŸï¼Œå› æ¤å¦‚æžœä½ éœ€è¦ä»Žå¤šä¸ªåŒºåŸŸä¸é€‰æ‹©å¤šé¡¹ï¼ˆå¯èƒ½æ˜¯ç”±äºŽä½ 首选区域的模æ¿éœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ¥è‡ªå…¶å®ƒå›½å®¶çš„模æ¿è¿›è¡Œæ‹“å±•ï¼‰ï¼Œä½ éœ€è¦ä»Ž<guimenu>功能</guimenu>èœå•å¤šæ¬¡è¿è¡Œæ¤å‘导。</para>
+ </note>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>设置选择的科目</guilabel>ä¼šä»¥æ ‘çŠ¶å½¢å¼åˆ—出æ¥è‡ªä½ 在<guilabel>选择è¦åˆ›å»ºçš„科目</guilabel>ä¸æ‰€é€‰æ¨¡æ¿çš„ç§‘ç›®ã€‚æ ¹æ®ä½ 是å¦æ£åœ¨åˆ›å»ºæ–°çš„账簿，列表å¯èƒ½æœ‰å››åˆ—或五列。
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>科目å称</guilabel>å¯ç¼–辑，åªéœ€åœ¨å…¶å†…点击或选ä¸è¯¥è¡Œå¹¶æŒ‰<keycap>Enter</keycap>。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>类型</guilabel>ä¸å¯ç¼–辑。æ¤å¤„显示了科目类型。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>å ä½ç¬¦</guilabel>科目（åªèƒ½åœ¨å…¶ä¸‹å»ºç«‹å科目且自身ä¸èƒ½æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“çš„ç§‘ç›®ï¼‰ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥å‹¾é€‰ä½¿ç§‘ç›®æˆä¸ºå ä½ç¬¦ï¼Œæˆ–å–消勾选使科目为常规科目。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>å¯ä»¥ä¸ºéž<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š</emphasis>çš„éžå ä½ç§‘目设置金é¢ï¼Œå› 为一个已ç»å˜åœ¨çš„账户早就å˜åœ¨ä½™é¢ï¼Œå ä½ç¬¦ç§‘ç›®ä¸èƒ½å˜å‚¨äº¤æ˜“，且所有者æƒç›Šä¸èƒ½è®¾ç½®æœŸåˆä½™é¢ã€‚
+ <note>
+ <para><guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>输入框åªæœ‰ç‚¹å‡»åŽæ‰å¯è§ã€‚ä½ å¿…é¡»ç‚¹å‡»åˆ«å¤„å°†å…‰æ ‡ç§»å‡ºè¾“å…¥æ¡†æˆ–åœ¨ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮之å‰æŒ‰<keycap>Tab</keycap>或<keycap>Enter</keycap>，å¦åˆ™è¾“入的内容会丢失。</para>
+ </note></para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>使用已有科目</guilabel>åªä¼šåœ¨ä»Ž<guimenu>功能</guimenu>èœå•å¯åŠ¨<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导时æ‰ä¼šå‡ºçŽ°ã€‚它指示科目是å¦å·²ç»å˜åœ¨ã€‚æ¤é¡¹ä¸å¯ç¼–辑。</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist></para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>完æˆç§‘目设置</guilabel> 是最åŽä¸€ä¸ªç•Œé¢ï¼Œç»™ä½ 最åŽçš„机会å–消æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹ï¼Œå›žå¤´æ›´æ”¹ä¸€äº›è®¾ç½®ï¼Œæˆ–点击<guibutton>应用</guibutton>ç¡®è®¤ä½ çš„é€‰æ‹©ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æ£åœ¨æ–°å»ºè´¦ç°¿ï¼Œ&app;会弹出对è¯æ¡†ï¼Œæ示选择å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼ï¼Œå¯ä»¥å˜å‚¨ä¸ºæ–‡ä»¶å¹¶ä¿å˜è‡³æœ¬åœ°ï¼Œå¦‚æžœ&app;内å«å˜å‚¨è‡³æ•°æ®åº“的功能且已ç»å®‰è£…了必è¦çš„软件ä¾èµ–，也å¯ä»¥è¾“入数æ®åº“æœåŠ¡å™¨åœ°å€ã€æ•°æ®åº“å和认è¯ä¿¡æ¯ä»¥åˆ›å»ºMySQL或PostgreSQLæ•°æ®åº“。</para>
+
+ <warning>
+ <para>å¦‚æžœä½ é€‰æ‹©å–æ¶ˆï¼Œä½ è‡³æ¤ä½œå‡ºçš„任何选择都会丢失。</para>
+ </warning>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-tip2">
+ <title>æ¯æ—¥æ示</title>
+
+ <para>&app;çš„<guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>ç•Œé¢ä¼šç»™å‡ºæœ‰åŠ©äºŽä½¿ç”¨&app;çš„æ示。</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>æ¯æ—¥æ示</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-TipOfDay">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_TipOfDay.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>ç•Œé¢ã€‚</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>这些æ示å‘åˆå¦è€…æ供了有用的信æ¯ã€‚请å•å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>继ç»æŸ¥çœ‹æ›´å¤šæ示。如果 ä½ ä¸å¸Œæœ›åœ¨å¯åŠ¨æ—¶çœ‹åˆ°æ¤ç•Œé¢ï¼Œè¯·å–消选择æ—边的<guilabel>å¯åŠ¨æ—¶æ˜¾ç¤ºæ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>ã€‚å½“ä½ æµè§ˆå®Œæ示åŽï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å…³é—</guibutton>以关é—<guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel>。</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-main2">
+ <title>科目表窗å£</title>
+
+ <para>ä½ çŽ°åœ¨åº”è¯¥çœ‹åˆ°äº†<guilabel>科目</guilabel>窗å£ï¼Œå¦‚下所示。具体显示的科目ä¾èµ–äºŽä½ åœ¨<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>ä¸é€‰æ‹©äº†å“ªäº›é»˜è®¤ç§‘目。æ¤ç¤ºä¾‹å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>默认科目</guilabel>。</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>基本科目关系</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-Accounts">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_Accounts.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>科目</guilabel>窗å£ã€‚</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>科目表窗å£ï¼ˆä¹Ÿç§°ä¸ºç§‘目汇总表）汇总了当å‰æ–‡ä»¶ä¸çš„æ•°æ®ï¼ŒåŒ…å«ç§‘ç›®å称列表和当å‰ä½™é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>ç”±æ¤çª—å£ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡åŒå‡»ç§‘ç›®å称，å³å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称并从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>打开账户</guilabel>，或使用工具æ 上的<guibutton>打开</guibutton>按钮æ¥æ‰“开科目账簿。å¯ä»¥åœ¨&app;ä¸æ‰“开任æ„æ•°é‡çš„科目账簿。å‚è§<xref linkend="basics-register2"/>了解使用科目账簿的更多信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>如果科目下å˜åœ¨å科目，å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称æ—边的å°ä¸‰è§’显示其å科目。 </para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>窗å£é¡¶ç«¯æ˜¯<emphasis>æ ‡é¢˜æ </emphasis>，显示æ¤ç»„账户的文件å。其下是<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>，å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»èœå•æ ‡é¢˜æˆ–使用快æ·å»ºï¼ˆå‚è§<xref linkend="basics-shortcut2"/>）访问èœå•æ¡ç›®ã€‚ 接下æ¥æ˜¯<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>，包å«è°ƒç”¨å¸¸ç”¨åŠŸèƒ½çš„按钮。</para>
+
+ <para>科目表在<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>ä¸‹æ–¹æ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚ä¸€æ—¦ä½ åˆ›å»ºäº†ç§‘ç›®ï¼Œç§‘ç›®å称就会在科目表ä¸æ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡ç§‘目表å³ä¸Šæ–¹çš„å°ç®å¤´è‡ªå®šä¹‰æ˜¾ç¤ºå“ªäº›è¡¨å¤´ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>底部是<emphasis>状æ€æ </emphasis>，展示有关净资产和利润的信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-register2">
+ <title>科目账簿窗å£</title>
+
+ <para>科目账簿窗å£ç”¨äºŽè¾“入并编辑科目数æ®ã€‚æ°å¦‚å…¶å，科目账簿窗å£çœ‹èµ·æ¥å°±åƒæ˜¯æ”¯ç¥¨ç°¿ã€‚ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>支付账户的账簿</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-CheckAccount">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_CheckAccount.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†å·²å½•å…¥å‡ 笔交易åŽçš„支付账户的账簿。</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_txns"/>将进一æ¥è¯´æ˜Žç§‘目账簿窗å£å’Œå‘å…¶ä¸è¾“入数æ®çš„方法。科目账簿窗å£çš„å„部分类似于科目表窗å£çš„åéƒ¨åˆ†ã€‚é¡¶éƒ¨çš„æ ‡é¢˜æ 显示科目å。其下，èœå•æ 包å«ä¸Žç§‘目账簿相关的èœå•é€‰é¡¹ã€‚使用工具æ 按钮å¯ä»¥æ–¹ä¾¿åœ°ä½¿ç”¨å„项输入数æ®çš„功能。窗å£åº•éƒ¨çš„状æ€æ 显示了科目余é¢ï¼Œä¼šåœ¨<xref linkend="chapter_txns"/>详细介ç»ã€‚科目账簿窗å£åº•éƒ¨æ˜¾ç¤ºæœ‰å…³å½“å‰å…‰æ ‡ä½ç½®çš„一些信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+
+ <!--
+ <note>
+ <para>在账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå¯ä»¥è°ƒæ•´&app;显示的多个列的尺寸，但è¦æ³¨æ„“æè¿°â€å’Œâ€œä½™é¢â€åˆ—和行为与其它列ä¸åŒã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>The <guilabel>Description</guilabel> column is designed to
+ expand automatically to fill all unused horizontal screen space.
+ Therefore you should set the widths of all your other columns before
+ setting the Description column width.</para>
+
+ <para>The <guilabel>Balance</guilabel> column must be resized by
+ double-clicking on the column heading.</para>
+ </note>
+ -->
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-toolbar2">
+ <title>工具æ 按钮</title>
+
+ <para>科目表窗å£å’Œç§‘目账簿窗å£éƒ½åŒ…å«å·¥å…·æ 按钮。使用这些按钮å¯ä»¥å¿«é€Ÿæ‰§è¡Œåƒç§‘目表窗å£ä¸çš„<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>打开</guibutton>和科目账簿窗å£ä¸çš„<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>å’Œ<guibutton>åˆ é™¤</guibutton>ç‰å¸¸ç”¨åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸ç¡®å®šä¸€ä¸ªæŒ‰é’®ä¼šæ‰§è¡Œä»€ä¹ˆæ“作，å¯ä»¥å°†é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆç§»åŠ¨åˆ°æŒ‰é’®ä¸Šï¼Œå°±ä¼šå‡ºçŽ°å¯¹æ¤åŠŸèƒ½çš„æ述。</para>
+
+ <para>下é¢æ˜¯å¯¹ç§‘目表窗å£ä¸æŒ‰é’®çš„总结：</para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <title>科目表窗å£æŒ‰é’®</title>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>
+ <guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>
+ </term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>将当å‰æ–‡ä»¶ä¿å˜åˆ°ç£ç›˜ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>
+ <guibutton>å…³é—</guibutton>
+ </term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>å…³é—当å‰è´¦ç°¿é¡µã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guibutton>打开</guibutton>〠<guibutton>编辑</guibutton>ã€
+ <guibutton>新建</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>åˆ é™¤</guibutton></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>这些是与科目相关的功能，将在<xref linkend="chapter_accts"/>讨论。</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <para>科目账簿相关的按钮将在<xref linkend="chapter_txns"/>介ç»ã€‚</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-tabbar">
+ <title>æ ‡ç¾æ </title>
+
+ <para>&app; ä½¿ç”¨æ ‡ç¾å¼çš„设计，å…许åŒæ—¶æ‰“开多个科目账簿和报表。æ¯ä¸ªæ‰“开的窗å£ï¼ˆåŒ…括科目账簿ã€æŠ¥è¡¨å’Œè®¡åˆ’交易窗å£ï¼‰éƒ½å¯¹åº”ä¸€ä¸ªæ ‡ç¾æ ä¸çš„æ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»æ ‡ç¾é¡µæŸ¥çœ‹ä¸åŒçš„窗å£ã€‚æ ‡ç¾æ å¯ä»¥åœ¨<guilabel>首选项</guilabel>ä¸é…置为沿&app;窗å£çš„任何一边显示。</para>
+
+ <para>è¦æŸ¥çœ‹æ ‡ç¾çš„å…¨å，å¯ä»¥å°†é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆç§»åŠ¨åˆ°æ ‡ç¾ä¹‹ä¸Šã€‚å¦‚æžœæ‰“å¼€çš„æ ‡ç¾æ¯”窗å£èƒ½å¤Ÿæ˜¾ç¤ºçš„è¦å¤šï¼Œéƒ¨åˆ†æ ‡ç¾å¯èƒ½ä¸ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»æ ‡ç¾æ 两侧的ç®å¤´æµè§ˆå…¨éƒ¨æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>也å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡æ›´æ”¹<guilabel>首选项</guilabel>-<guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µä½ç½®</guilabel>æ›´æ”¹æ ‡ç¾æ 的对é½æ–¹å¼ã€‚</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>æ ‡ç¾é¡µçš„完整列表å¯ä»¥å³å‡»æ ‡ç¾æ 查看，点击å¯åˆ‡æ¢è‡³ä»»ä¸€æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚ </simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </tip>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-options2">
+ <title>èœå•é¡¹</title>
+
+ <para>科目表窗å£å’Œç§‘目账簿窗å£åœ¨èœå•æ 处都包å«æ•°ä¸ªèœå•æ ‡é¢˜ã€‚点击èœå•æ ‡é¢˜ä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¸Žä¹‹å¯¹åº”çš„èœå•é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>ä½ å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»ç§‘目表èœå•æ ‡é¢˜å†å°†é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆç§»åŠ¨åˆ°èœå•é¡¹ä¸Šäº†è§£å…¶åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚å°†é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆç§»åŠ¨åˆ°èœå•é¡¹ä¸Šæ—¶ï¼Œèœå•é¡¹çš„功能æ述会出现在窗å£çš„左下角（在<emphasis>状æ€æ </emphasis>内）。点击以选择一个èœå•é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>ä½ ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥åœ¨çª—å£ä¸çš„任何地方å³å‡»é¼ æ ‡è®¿é—®æœ€å¸¸è§çš„èœå•é¡¹ã€‚åœ¨ç§‘ç›®æ ‘çª—å£ä¸ï¼Œä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¸Žç§‘目相关的èœå•é¡¹ã€‚在科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¸Žäº¤æ˜“相关的èœå•é¡¹ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>也å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡å¿«æ·é”®è®¿é—®èœå•é¡¹ï¼Œå¿«æ·é”®çš„用法将在下文详细介ç»ã€‚</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-shortcut2">
+ <title>èœå•è®¿é—®é”®å’Œå¿«æ·é”®</title>
+
+ <para>所有èœå•é¡¹éƒ½æ‹¥æœ‰è®¿é—®é”®ï¼Œè®¿é—®é”®æ˜¯åœ¨èœå•é¡¹å称ä¸å…·æœ‰ä¸‹åˆ’çº¿æ ‡è®°çš„å—符。 按下<keycap>Alt</keycap>键和èœå•æ ‡é¢˜ä¸å…·æœ‰ä¸‹åˆ’çº¿æ ‡è®°çš„å—符，会弹出相应èœå•æ ‡é¢˜çš„èœå•é¡¹ã€‚èœå•é¡¹æ˜¾ç¤ºä¹‹åŽï¼Œåœ¨é”®ç›˜ä¸ŠæŒ‰ä¸‹èœå•é¡¹ä¸ç”±ä¸‹åˆ’çº¿æ ‡è®°çš„å—符æ¥æ¿€æ´»èœå•é¡¹ã€‚例如，在主窗å£ä¸æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycombo>
+ <keycap>Alt</keycap>
+ <keycap>F</keycap>
+ </keycombo>弹出<guimenu>文件</guimenu>èœå•ï¼Œç„¶åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap>S</keycap>会ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚è®¿é—®é”®æ˜¯å›ºå®šçš„ï¼Œç”¨æˆ·æ— æ³•ä¿®æ”¹ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>一部分常用的èœå•é¡¹ä¹Ÿå…·æœ‰å¿«æ·é”®ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨å¿«æ·é”®ï¼Œæ— 需在èœå•ä¸å±‚层寻找å³å¯ç›´æŽ¥æ‰§è¡Œå‘½ä»¤ã€‚这些快æ·é”®ä¸€èˆ¬é…åˆä½¿ç”¨<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>键，尽管快æ·é”®å¯ä¸ºä»»ä½•æŒ‰é”®çš„组åˆã€‚èœå•å¿«æ·é”®æ˜¾ç¤ºåœ¨æ¯ä¸ªèœå•é¡¹çš„å³ç«¯ã€‚</para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="basics-files1">
+ <title>å˜å‚¨è´¢åŠ¡æ•°æ®</title>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-files1-overview">
+ <title>概述</title>
+
+ <para>&app;æä¾›äº†å‡ ç§æ ¼å¼å˜å‚¨è´¢åŠ¡æ•°æ®ã€‚默认的文件å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼æ˜¯<acronym>XML</acronym>，而SQLå˜å‚¨åœ¨SQLiteã€MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQLæ ¼å¼ä¸å¯ç”¨ã€‚对于新文件，用户å¯ä»¥ä»Ž<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+ <guimenuitem>ä¿å˜</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>对è¯æ¡†é€‰æ‹©æ–‡ä»¶æ ¼å¼ï¼Œå¯¹äºŽå˜åœ¨çš„文件，å¯ä»¥ä»Ž<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+ <guimenuitem>å¦å˜ä¸º...</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>对è¯æ¡†é€‰æ‹©æ–‡ä»¶æ ¼å¼ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para><acronym>XML</acronym>å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼æ˜¯ä¸€ç§é»˜è®¤åŽ‹ç¼©å˜å‚¨çš„文本文件，是å¦åŽ‹ç¼©å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>编辑</guimenu>
+ <guimenuitem>首选项</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice> <guilabel>常规</guilabel> <guilabel>压缩文件</guilabel>设置。 SQLite å˜å‚¨ä¹Ÿæ˜¯å¯ç”¨çš„，会åƒ<acronym>XML</acronym>æ ¼å¼ä¸€æ ·ï¼Œå°†ä½ çš„æ•°æ®å˜å‚¨ä¸ºç³»ç»Ÿä¸çš„å•ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚然而，在程åºå†…部，一个SQLite文件会作为数æ®åº“进行管ç†ã€‚MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQLå˜å‚¨é€‰é¡¹éœ€è¦è¿žæŽ¥åˆ°æ•°æ®åº“æœåŠ¡å™¨ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨ä½ 的计算机上安装é¢å¤–çš„æ•°æ®åº“驱动程åºã€‚</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>用户å¯ä»¥éšæ—¶ä½¿ç”¨<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+ <guimenuitem>å¦å˜ä¸º...</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>更改å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼ï¼Œä¼šä»¥æŒ‡å®šçš„æ ¼å¼åˆ›å»ºæ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„副本。</para>
+ </tip>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-files-storage-comparison">
+ <title>å˜å‚¨åŽ‹ç¼©å’Œç›¸å…³å»ºè®®</title>
+
+ <para>æ¯ç§å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼éƒ½æœ‰ä¼˜ç‚¹å’Œç¼ºç‚¹ï¼Œç”¨æˆ·éœ€è¦ç»“åˆè‡ªèº«çš„需求和能力进行考虑。å¯å‚è§ä¸‹æ–‡çš„<link
+ endterm="basics-storage-comparison-tbltitle"
+ linkend="basics-storage-comparison-table"/>了解详细信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para><acronym>XML</acronym>æ ¼å¼æ˜¯æœ€ç¨³å®šæˆç†Ÿçš„ï¼Œå› æ¤ï¼Œå»ºè®®å¤§å¤šæ•°ç”¨æˆ·é€‰æ‹©æ¤æ ¼å¼ã€‚<acronym>SQL</acronym>æ ¼å¼äºŽ 2.4 ç‰ˆæ·»åŠ ï¼Œåœ¨ç”¨æˆ·ä¸æˆä¸ºäº†è¶Šå‘å—欢迎的选择。SQLiteæ ¼å¼è®©ç”¨æˆ·æ— 需花功夫安装管ç†å®Œæ•´çš„<acronym>DBMS</acronym>å°±å¯ä»¥äº«å—SQLå˜å‚¨çš„优点。MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQL选项分别è¦æ±‚安装MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQL <acronym>DBMS</acronym>，这些<acronym>DBMS</acronym>最好由有ç»éªŒçš„æ•°æ®åº“管ç†å‘˜ç»´æŠ¤ã€‚</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>使用<acronym>SQL</acronym>å˜å‚¨åŽç«¯æ„味ç€&app;å·²ç»å®Œå…¨å®žçŽ°äº†<acronym>DBMS</acronym>特性，包括多用户和增é‡æ•°æ®æ“作。 然而，&app;当å‰å¹¶æ²¡æœ‰å®žçŽ°è¿™äº›ç‰¹æ€§ï¼Œå°½ç®¡è¿™æ˜¯å¼€å‘ç»„çš„é•¿æœŸç›®æ ‡ã€‚</para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-storage-comparison-tblsect">
+ <title>å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼å¯¹æ¯”表</title>
+
+ <table frame="topbot" id="basics-storage-comparison-table">
+ <title id="basics-storage-comparison-tbltitle">å˜å‚¨æ ¼å¼å¯¹æ¯”</title>
+
+ <tgroup align="left" cols="5">
+ <colspec colname="c1item"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="c2xml"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="c3sqlite"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="c4mysql"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="c5pgsql"/>
+
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry/>
+
+ <entry align="center">XML</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center">SQLite</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center">MySQL</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center">PostgreSQL</entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry namest="c1item">å¯ç”¨æ€§</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" namest="c2xml">内置</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" nameend="c5pgsql"
+ namest="c3sqlite">ä¾èµ–于软件包 <footnote>
+ <para>SQLåŽç«¯ä¾èµ–é¢å¤–的软件包。这些软件包已内置于在 macOS å’Œ Microsoft Windows 下的软件安装包ä¸ï¼Œä¼šéš&app;的安装程åºè‡ªåŠ¨å®‰è£…。Linuxå‘行版用户å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨åŒ…管ç†å™¨ä¸“门安装所需的é¢å¤–软件包。针对SQLite3ã€MySqlå’ŒPostgresql分别查找包å类似libdbd-sqlite3ã€libdbd-mysql或libdbd-pgsql的软件包进行安装。</para>
+ </footnote></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry namest="c1item">文件拓展å</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" nameend="c3sqlite"
+ namest="c2xml">gnucash</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" nameend="c5pgsql" namest="c4mysql">N/A
+ <footnote>
+ <para>MySQLå’ŒPostgreSQL将数æ®å˜å‚¨åœ¨å®ƒä»¬è‡ªå·±çš„å˜å‚¨ç³»ç»Ÿä¸ã€‚</para>
+ </footnote></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry namest="c1item">é¢å¤–软件</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" nameend="c3sqlite"
+ namest="c2xml">æ— </entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" namest="c4mysql">MySQL</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" namest="c5pgsql">PostgreSQL</entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry namest="c1item">é¢å¤–技能</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" nameend="c3sqlite"
+ namest="c2xml">æ— </entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" nameend="c5pgsql"
+ namest="c4mysql">æ•°æ®åº“管ç†å‘˜</entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry namest="c1item">压缩</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" namest="c2xml">gzip</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" nameend="c5pgsql"
+ namest="c3sqlite">æ— </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry namest="c1item">文件ä¿å˜</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" namest="c2xml">在执行ä¿å˜å‘½ä»¤æ—¶</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" nameend="c5pgsql" namest="c3sqlite">在æ交时</entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry namest="c1item">多用户支æŒ</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" namest="c2xml">ä¸æ”¯æŒ</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" namest="c3sqlite">ä¸æ”¯æŒ</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" namest="c4mysql">ä¸æ”¯æŒ</entry>
+
+ <entry align="center" namest="c5pgsql">ä¸æ”¯æŒ</entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-create-data">
+ <title>创建文件</title>
+
+ <para>è¦åˆ›å»ºæ–°çš„&app;文件，æ“作如下：</para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>从&app;<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>选择
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+
+ <guimenuitem>新建</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>。<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导将å¯åŠ¨ã€‚</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>如果是首次è¿è¡Œ&app;，将显示<guilabel>欢迎使用&appname;ï¼</guilabel>
+ ç•Œé¢ã€‚æ¤ç•Œé¢ä¼šåœ¨&app;帮助手册详细介ç»ã€‚</para>
+ </note>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>在å‘导ä¸è®¾ç½®å„选项。使用<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>å–消</guibutton>å’Œ<guibutton>åŽé€€</guibutton>按钮在å„æ¥éª¤é—´è·³è½¬ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-store-data">
+ <title>ä¿å˜æ•°æ®</title>
+
+ <para>按照下é¢çš„æ¥éª¤ä»¥ä½ 喜欢的å称ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶ï¼š</para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>从<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>选择<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+
+ <guimenuitem>å¦å˜ä¸º...</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>或选择<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>按钮。&app;会弹出ä¿å˜çª—å£ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>从下拉列表ä¸é€‰æ‹©æ–‡ä»¶çš„<guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>。 默认选择的是
+ <guilabel>xml</guilabel>ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ å·²ç»è®¾ç½®äº†æ•°æ®åº“åŽç«¯å¯ä»¥æ›´æ”¹ä¸ºç›¸åº”çš„æ ¼å¼ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>ä¾æ®ä½ 选择的<guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>，窗å£ä¼šæŒ‰ä¸‹æ–‡æ‰€è¿°å˜åŒ–。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>å¦‚æžœä½ é€‰æ‹©äº†<guilabel>xml</guilabel>或
+ <guilabel>sqlite3</guilabel>ï¼Œä½ ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°åƒè¿™æ ·çš„对è¯æ¡†ï¼š</para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>选择<guilabel>xml</guilabel>或<guilabel>sqlite3</guilabel>时的ä¿å˜å¯¹è¯æ¡†ã€‚</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-SaveXML">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_SaveXML.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>为<guilabel>xml</guilabel>或<guilabel>sqlite3</guilabel>时的<guilabel>ä¿å˜</guilabel>对è¯æ¡†ã€‚</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>在<guilabel>å称</guilabel>文本框ä¸è¾“入文件åï¼Œæ— éœ€æŒ‡å®šæ‰©å±•å。&app;会自动å‘文件åæ·»åŠ æ‹“å±•å<filename>.gnucash</filename>。</para>
+ <!--
+ <note>
+ <para><filename>.gnucash</filename> extension was
+ introduced in the 2.3 series of &app;. For already existing
+ files, the extension will never be changed. So if you open an
+ existing file named <filename>Myoldfile</filename>, that name
+ won’t be changed if the file is saved. You might use the
+ <guimenuitem>Save As...</guimenuitem> command and give the
+ file a new name in order to have it saved with the extension
+ <filename>.gnucash</filename>.</para>
+ </note>
+ -->
+
+ <para>在下方区域ä¸é€šè¿‡æµè§ˆç›®å½•é€‰æ‹©æ–‡ä»¶ä¿å˜è·¯å¾„。</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>点击<guibutton>创建文件夹</guibutton>按钮在选择的路径下以指定的å称创建文件夹。</para>
+ </tip>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>å¦‚æžœä½ é€‰æ‹©äº†<guilabel>mysql</guilabel>或<guilabel>postgres</guilabel><guilabel>æ–‡ä»¶æ ¼å¼</guilabel>ä½ ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°åƒè¿™æ ·çš„对è¯æ¡†ï¼š</para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>选择<guilabel>mysql</guilabel>或<guilabel>postgres</guilabel>时的ä¿å˜å¯¹è¯æ¡†ã€‚</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-SaveSQL">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_SaveSQL.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>为<guilabel>mysql</guilabel>或<guilabel>postgres</guilabel>时的<guilabel>ä¿å˜</guilabel>对è¯æ¡†ã€‚</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>在æ¤çª—å£ä¸è¾“å…¥<guilabel>æ•°æ®åº“连接</guilabel>ä¿¡æ¯ï¼š<guilabel>主机</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>æ•°æ®åº“</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>用户å</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>密ç </guilabel>。</para>
+
+ <warning>
+ <para>ä¿å˜è‡³<guilabel>mysql</guilabel>或<guilabel>postgres</guilabel>需è¦åˆé€‚çš„æ•°æ®åº“æƒé™ï¼Œå³éœ€è¦æ‹¥æœ‰ä½¿ç”¨ç»™å®šçš„æ•°æ®åº“å称创建新数æ®åº“çš„æƒé™ï¼Œæˆ–具有给定数æ®åº“å称的现有数æ®åº“的写入æƒé™ã€‚</para>
+ </warning>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>点击<guibutton>å¦å˜ä¸º</guibutton>按钮ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>您如果æ£åœ¨è·Ÿè¸ªå®¶åºè´¢åŠ¡çŠ¶å†µï¼Œåˆ™åªéœ€è¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚但如果您åŒæ—¶è¿˜åœ¨è·Ÿè¸ªä¼ä¸šè´¢åŠ¡ï¼Œæˆ–出于æŸç§åŽŸå› 希望将数æ®åˆ†ç¦»å˜å‚¨ï¼Œåˆ™éœ€è¦å¤šäºŽä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>在结æŸæ¯æ¬¡&app;会è¯å‰ï¼Œç¡®ä¿ä½¿ç”¨<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+ <guimenuitem>ä¿å˜</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>或<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>
+ <emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>按钮ä¿å˜æ•°æ®æ›´æ”¹ã€‚<note>
+ <para>å› ä¸ºç»å¸¸ä¿å˜æ•°æ®ä»¥é˜²å› ä»»ä½•åŽŸå› ä¸¢å¤±å分é‡è¦ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥&app;能够æ¯éš”一段时间自动ä¿å˜æ‰“开的文件。æ¤é—´éš”时间å¯ä»¥åœ¨<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>编辑</guimenu>
+ <guimenuitem>首选项</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>（&mac; 上的<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>GnuCash</guimenu>
+ <guimenuitem>首选项</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>）ä¸çš„<guilabel>通用</guilabel>选项å¡ä¸‹è®¾ç½®ã€‚注æ„æ¤é€‰é¡¹åªæœ‰åœ¨ä½ 以<acronym>XML</acronym>æ ¼å¼ä¿å˜æ—¶æ‰æœ‰æ„ä¹‰ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ åœ¨ä½¿ç”¨æ•°æ®åº“，<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>按钮和<guimenuitem>ä¿å˜</guimenuitem>èœå•é¡¹å‘ˆç°è‰²ï¼Œå› 为更改会立刻ä¿å˜ã€‚</para>
+ </note></para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-open-data">
+ <title>打开数æ®</title>
+
+ <para>è¦æ‰“å¼€å˜åœ¨çš„文件或数æ®åº“，从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+ <guimenuitem>打开</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>。在弹出的窗å£ä¸ï¼Œé€‰æ‹©
+ <guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ é€‰æ‹©äº†
+ <guilabel>文件</guilabel>，在下方的é¢æ¿æµè§ˆæ–‡ä»¶å¤¹é€‰æ‹©ä½ 想打开的文件；å¦åˆ™ï¼Œè¾“入所需的<guilabel>æ•°æ®åº“连接</guilabel>ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>&app;记录最近打开的文件列表。打开<guilabel>文件</guilabel>èœå•ï¼Œèœå•å†…列出了最近打开过的文件的åç§°ã€‚ç‚¹å‡»ä»¥è½½å…¥ä½ æƒ³æ‰“å¼€çš„æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+ </tip>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-expt-acct">
+ <title>å¤åˆ¶ç§‘目层次</title>
+
+ <para>æŸäº›æƒ…况下，将现有数æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„结构å¤åˆ¶åˆ°æ–°æ–‡ä»¶å¯èƒ½å¾ˆæœ‰ç”¨ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½æƒ³åœ¨ä¸ç ´å实际会计数æ®çš„情况下å°è¯•æ–°çš„ä¼šè®¡æŠ€æœ¯ï¼Œæˆ–è€…ä½ å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦æ ¹æ®ä¼šè®¡å‡†åˆ™åœ¨å¹´æœ«ç»ˆç»“当å‰è´¦ç°¿å¹¶ä»¥ç©ºç™½è´¦ç°¿å¼€å§‹æ–°ä¸€å¹´çš„会计工作。</para>
+
+ <para>&app;能够创建科目表的空副本，åªéœ€é€‰æ‹©ï¼š<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+ <guisubmenu>导出</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>导出科目表</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>ã€‚å½“ä½ é€‰æ‹©æ¤å‘½ä»¤æ—¶ï¼Œ&app;会è¦æ±‚ä½ æ供新的空白文件的å称并创建一个新的数æ®æ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œå…¶ä¸ä»…包å«ç§‘目结构（å³ä¸å«äº¤æ˜“æ•°æ®ï¼‰ã€‚一旦ä¿å˜ï¼Œæ–°æ–‡ä»¶èƒ½å¤Ÿåƒå…¶å®ƒ&app;æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ä¸€æ ·ä»¥ä¸Šæ–‡æ‰€è¿°çš„方法打开。</para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="basics-backup1">
+ <title>备份与æ¢å¤æ•°æ®</title>
+
+ <para>&app;创建多ç§ç±»åž‹çš„文件，以帮助确ä¿ä½ çš„æ•°æ®ä¸ä¼šä¸¢å¤±ã€‚如果查看ä¿å˜çš„文件所在的文件夹，å¯èƒ½ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°ç”±&app;生æˆçš„具有以下扩展å的其他文件：
+ <filename>.gnucash</filename>, <filename>.log</filename>,
+ <filename>.LCK</filename>, <filename>.LNK</filename>。æ¯ç§æ–‡ä»¶çš„作用如下：</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>ä¸‹æ–‡ä»…å½“ä½ ä»¥<acronym>XML</acronym>æ ¼å¼ä¿å˜æ—¶æ‰é€‚用：</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <programlisting>$ ls myfile.gnucash myfile.gnucash.20100414185747.gnucash
+ myfile.gnucash.20100414223248.log myfile.gnucash.20100415114340.gnucash
+ myfile.gnucash.20100415154508.log myfile.gnucash.20100415173322.gnucash
+ myfile.gnucash.20100415194251.log myfile.gnucash.7f0982.12093.LNK
+ myfile.gnucash.LCK</programlisting>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-backupxac2">
+ <title>备份文件 (.gnucash)</title>
+
+ <para>æ¯å½“ä½ ä¿å˜æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶æ—¶ï¼Œä¸€ä¸ªå…·æœ‰æ‰©å±•å<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>的备份副本也会ä¿å˜ã€‚æ¤å¤‡ä»½æ–‡ä»¶æ˜¯å…ˆå‰æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„完整副本，文件命åæ ¼å¼æ¶‰åŠæ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶å称ã€å¹´ã€æœˆã€æ—¥å’Œå¤‡ä»½æ—¶é—´ã€‚例如，文件å<filename>myfile.gnucash.20100414185747.gnucash</filename>表明这是在2010å¹´4月14日下åˆ6:57:47ä¿å˜çš„文件<filename>myfile</filename>的备份副本。</para>
+
+ <para>è¦æ¢å¤æ—§çš„备份文件，åªéœ€æ‰“å¼€å…·æœ‰ä½ æƒ³è¦çš„日期的<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>文件，å†ä»¥ä¸åŒçš„文件åä¿å˜æ¤æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+ <!--
+ <note>
+ <para><filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.xac</filename> instead of the actual
+ extension <filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>. So if you
+ upgrade from the 2.2 series to the 2.4 series, you may end up with
+ both <filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.xac</filename> and
+ <filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename> backup files in your
+ directory.</para>
+ </note>
+ -->
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-backuplog2">
+ <title>日志文件 （.log）</title>
+
+ <para>æ¯æ¬¡åœ¨&app;ä¸æ‰“开并编辑文件，&app;就会创建日志文件，记录对数æ®æ–‡ä»¶åšå‡ºçš„修改。日志文件使用与备份文件相似的命åæ ¼å¼ï¼š<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.log</filename>。日志文件ä¸æ˜¯å¯¹æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶çš„完整备份，而åªæ˜¯ç®€å•åœ°è®°å½•åœ¨å½“å‰&app;会è¯ä¸å¯¹æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ä½œå‡ºçš„修改。</para>
+
+ <para>åœ¨ä½ æ— æ„之ä¸é€€å‡º&app;的情况下，å¯èƒ½æ˜¯ç”±äºŽæ–电或æ“ä½œç³»ç»Ÿå´©æºƒï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨æ—¥å¿—文件æ¢å¤è‡ªæœ€åŽä¸€æ¬¡ä¿å˜&app;文件之åŽçš„大部分修改。过程如下：</para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>打开最近一次ä¿å˜çš„&app;文件。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>进入<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+ <guisubmenu>导入</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>é‡æ”¾ &appname; .log 文件</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice> å¹¶é€‰æ‹©ä¸€ä¸ªä¸Žä½ åˆšæ‰“å¼€çš„æ–‡ä»¶æ—¥æœŸç›¸åŒçš„<filename>.log</filename> 文件。确ä¿ä½ 选择了æ£ç¡®çš„ <filename>.log</filename>文件，å¦åˆ™å¯èƒ½ä¼šå¯¹ä½ çš„ç§‘ç›®é€ æˆå·¨å¤§çš„ç ´å。</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>日志é‡æ”¾ä¼šæ¢å¤è‡ªä»Žæœ€è¿‘一次ä¿å˜åŽè¾“入的任何影å“科目余é¢çš„交易，包括由计划交易和商业功能（如开具å‘票ã€è®¢å•ç®¡ç†ç‰ï¼‰åˆ›å»ºçš„交易。</para>
+
+ <warning>
+ <para>ä¸ä¼šæ¢å¤å¯¹è®¡åˆ’交易ã€å¼€å…·å‘票ã€æˆ–订å•ç®¡ç†åŠŸèƒ½è‡ªèº«çš„修改，并且由之创建的交易在æ¢å¤åŽå¯èƒ½ä¸ä¼šæ°å½“地与之关è”ï¼Œå› æ¤éœ€è¦äºŒæ¬¡æ£€æŸ¥ã€‚ç‰¹åˆ«æ˜¯å¯¹äºŽå•†ä¸šäº¤æ˜“ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦åˆ 除并é‡æ–°åˆ›å»ºéƒ¨åˆ†äº¤æ˜“ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸è¿™æ ·åšï¼Œå°½ç®¡ç§‘目余é¢å¯èƒ½æ£ç¡®ï¼Œä½†ä¸€äº›æŠ¥è¡¨å¯èƒ½ä¸ä¼šæ£ç¡®æ˜¾ç¤ºã€‚</para>
+ </warning>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-backuplock2">
+ <title>é”定文件 （.LNK å’Œ .LCK）</title>
+
+ <para>ä½ å¯èƒ½ä¼šå¶ç„¶çœ‹åˆ°<filename>.LNK</filename>å’Œ
+ <filename>.LCK</filename>文件出现。它们ä¸å˜å‚¨ä»»ä½•æ•°æ®ï¼Œä»…用于防æ¢å¤šäºŽä¸€ä¸ªç”¨æˆ·åœ¨åŒä¸€æ—¶åˆ»æ‰“å¼€åŒä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚这些文件是在打开文件时自动创建的，当关é—&app;会è¯æˆ–打开å¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶æ—¶ï¼Œ&app;ä¼šåˆ é™¤<filename>.LNK</filename>å’Œ<filename>.LCK</filename>文件解é”å‰ä¸€ä¸ªæ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>å¦‚æžœåœ¨ä½ å·²ç»æ‰“开了数æ®æ–‡ä»¶æ—¶&app;崩溃了，<filename>.LCK</filename>å’Œ<filename>.LNK</filename>文件ä¸ä¼šè¢«åˆ 除。在下一次å°è¯•æ‰“å¼€&app;时，会弹出è¦å‘Šæ¶ˆæ¯æ示文件已被é”定。之所以弹出è¦å‘Šæ¶ˆæ¯æ˜¯ç”±äºŽ<filename>.LNK</filename>å’Œ<filename>.LCK</filename>文件ä»ç„¶å˜åœ¨äºŽç›®å½•ä¸ã€‚æ¤æ—¶é€‰æ‹©<guibutton>是</guibutton>æ‰“å¼€æ–‡ä»¶æ˜¯å®‰å…¨çš„ï¼Œä½†ä½ åº”è¯¥åˆ é™¤<filename>.LCK</filename>æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚ä¸€æ—¦æ–‡ä»¶è¢«åˆ é™¤ï¼Œå°†ä¸ä¼šå¼¹å‡ºè¦å‘Šæ¶ˆæ¯ï¼Œé™¤éž&app;å†æ¬¡å´©æºƒã€‚</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="basics-backupmanage2">
+ <title>文件管ç†</title>
+
+ <para>æ‰€ä»¥ä½ åˆ°åº•åº”è¯¥ä¿ç•™å“ªä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶ï¼Ÿå½“然是ä¿ç•™ä½ 的主数æ®æ–‡ä»¶ã€‚ä¿ç•™éƒ¨åˆ†æœ€è¿‘çš„<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>备份文件是ä¸é”™çš„åšæ³•ï¼Œä½ 也å¯ä»¥å®‰å…¨åœ°åˆ 除<filename>.log</filename>æ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œå› ä¸ºä»–ä»¬ä¸æ˜¯æ•°æ®çš„完整副本。 </para>
+
+ <!--
+ <note>
+ <para>å¦‚æžœä½ å°†&app;从先å‰ç‰ˆæœ¬å‡çº§åˆ°2.4ç‰ˆæœ¬ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½ä¹Ÿæœ‰æ—§<filename>.xac</filename>æ ¼å¼çš„备份文件。
+ format. For
+ these files you can apply the same principle described above for
+ <filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename> backup files.</para>
+ </note>
+ -->
+
+ <para>ä½ ä¹Ÿåº”è¯¥åœ¨å…³é—&app;åŽåˆ 除任何<filename>.LCK</filename>å’Œ<filename>.LNK</filename>文件 ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ å†³å®šæ‰‹åŠ¨å°†æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶å¤‡ä»½åˆ°å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç£ç›˜ï¼Œåªå¤‡ä»½ä¸»æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶å°±è¶³å¤Ÿäº†ï¼Œæ— 需处ç†<filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>备份文件。</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>一般情况下&app;ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨åˆ é™¤ä»»ä½•è¶…è¿‡30天的<filename>.log</filename>å’Œ
+ <filename>.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.gnucash</filename>备份文件。å¯ä»¥åœ¨<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>编辑</guimenu>
+ <guimenuitem>首选项</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>（&mac; 上的<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>GnuCash</guimenu>
+ <guimenuitem>首选项</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>）ä¸çš„<guilabel>通用</guilabel>选项å¡ä¸‹æ›´æ”¹æ¤è¡Œä¸ºã€‚</para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="basics-migrate-settings">
+ <title>è¿ç§»&app;æ•°æ®</title>
+
+ <para>æœ‰æ—¶ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦å°†ä½ 的财务数æ®å’Œ&app;移动到å¦ä¸€å°è®¡ç®—æœºã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå½“ä½ è´ç½®äº†ä¸€å°æ–°çš„计算机的时候。</para>
+
+ <sect2 id="migrate-financial">
+ <title>è¿ç§»è´¢åŠ¡æ•°æ®</title>
+
+ <para>è¿ç§»&app;的财务数æ®ç®€å•ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ çŸ¥é“<filename>.gnucash</filename>文件的ä¿å˜ä½ç½®ï¼Œåªéœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ–‡ä»¶ç®¡ç†å™¨å°†ä¹‹å¤åˆ¶è¿‡åŽ»ã€‚ä½ å¦‚æžœä¸è®°å¾—把它ä¿å˜åˆ°å“ªé‡Œäº†ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥åœ¨&app;ä¸æ‰“开它，在&app;ä¸å°†å®ƒä¿å˜åˆ°ä½ 想è¦çš„路径下。</para>
+
+ <para>文件夹ä¸æ‰€æœ‰å…¶å®ƒçš„文件是备份文件或日志文件。一åŒå¤åˆ¶å®ƒä»¬ä¸ä¼šæœ‰ä»€ä¹ˆå±å®³ï¼Œä½†ä¹Ÿæ²¡ä»€ä¹ˆå¿…è¦ã€‚</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="migrate-prefs">
+ <title>è¿ç§»é¦–选项数æ®</title>
+
+ <para>首选项å˜å‚¨åœ¨ä¸‰ä¸ªä¸åŒçš„ä½ç½®ï¼šä¸€å¤„用于&app;首选项，一处用于报告，一处用于网银设置。首选项由<application>gsettings</application>管ç†ï¼ŒæŠ¥å‘Šç”±&app;自身管ç†ï¼Œç½‘银由<application>aqbanking</application>管ç†ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸ä½¿ç”¨ç½‘银功能，计算机ä¸ä¸ä¼šå˜åœ¨ç›¸åº”的文件夹。</para>
+
+ <para>&app;首选项的å˜å‚¨ä½ç½®éšæ“作系统的ä¸åŒè€Œä¸åŒï¼ˆå‚è§<xref linkend="App-sett-loc"/>ã€<xref
+ linkend="Report-loc"/>å’Œ<xref linkend="OB-sett-loc"/>）。è¦å¤‡ä»½å¹¶ç§»åŠ¨ä½ çš„æ•´ä¸ªå®‰è£…ï¼Œä½ å¿…é¡»åŒæ—¶å¤åˆ¶è¿™äº›é¦–选项。</para>
+
+ <table id="App-sett-loc">
+ <title>应用首选项ä½ç½®</title>
+
+ <tgroup align="left" cols="2">
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>æ“作系统</entry>
+
+ <entry>文件夹</entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>Unix</entry>
+
+ <entry>&app;首选项å˜å‚¨åœ¨<application>dconf</application>ä¸ã€‚å¯ä»¥åœ¨æ—§è®¡ç®—机上执行命令<command>dconf dump /org/gnucash/</command>，然åŽåœ¨æ–°è®¡ç®—机上执行命令<command>dconf load /org/gnucash/</command>以è¿ç§»é¦–选项。</entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ &mac;
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <filename
+ class="directory">~/Library/Preferences/gnucash.plist</filename>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ &win;
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>首选项å˜å‚¨åœ¨&win;注册表ä¸
+ <filename
+ class="directory">HKEY_CURRENT_USER/software/GSettings</filename></entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <table id="Report-loc">
+ <title>ä¿å˜çš„报告ä½ç½®</title>
+
+ <tgroup align="left" cols="2">
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>æ“作系统</entry>
+
+ <entry>文件夹</entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>Unix</entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <filename class="directory">&dir-data;</filename>
+
+ <footnote>
+ <para>&app; 2.6.21 åŠä¹‹å‰çš„版本ä½äºŽ<filename
+ class="directory">&dir-old;</filename></para>
+ </footnote>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ &mac;
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <filename class="directory">~/Library/Application
+ Support/gnucash</filename>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ &win;
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry><filename class="directory">Documents and
+ Settings/Username/.gnucash</filename> 或 <filename
+ class="directory">Users/Username/.gnucash</filename></entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <table id="OB-sett-loc">
+ <title>网银设置ä½ç½®</title>
+
+ <tgroup align="left" cols="2">
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>æ“作系统</entry>
+
+ <entry>文件夹</entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>Unix</entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <filename class="directory">~/.aqbanking</filename>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ &mac;
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <filename class="directory">~/.aqbanking</filename>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ &win;
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <filename class="directory">Documents and
+ Settings/Username/.aqbanking</filename>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>在Unixå’Œ&mac;上，这些文件夹通常ä¸ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºåœ¨æ–‡ä»¶ç®¡ç†å™¨ä¸ã€‚为了看到这些文件夹，必须设置文件管ç†å™¨ä»¥æ˜¾ç¤ºéšè—的文件和文件夹。</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>在Unixå’Œ&mac;上，<keycap>~</keycap>符å·ä»£è¡¨<filename class="directory">home</filename>文件夹。</para>
+ </tip>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="basics-together1">
+ <title>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</title>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>这一部分是教程的开头，教程会贯穿整部指å—。在æ¯ä¸€ç« 的结æŸï¼Œä½ 都会看到<guilabel>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</guilabel>ä¸€èŠ‚ï¼Œå®ƒä¼šå¸¦é¢†ä½ é€šè¿‡å®žé™…æ“作形象地说明å‰æ–‡ä»‹ç»çš„相关概念。æ¯èŠ‚<guilabel>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</guilabel>都会在å‰ä¸€éƒ¨åˆ†çš„基础上更进一æ¥ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥è¯·å°†ä½ 的文件ä¿å˜åˆ°æ˜“于访问的地方。</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>现在开始ï¼</para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>首先，创建一个文件，用于ä¿å˜ä½ çš„æ•°æ®ã€‚打开&app;并从èœå•æ 选择<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+
+ <guimenuitem>新建</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>。这会å¯åŠ¨<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导，能够一次创建数个科目。</para>
+
+ <!--
+ <note>
+ <para>å¦‚æžœä½ æ˜¯ç¬¬ä¸€æ¬¡è¿è¡Œ&app;ï¼Œä½ ä¼š you will be
+ presented with the <guilabel>Cannot find default values</guilabel>
+ screen which is described in details in the &app; manual.</para>
+ </note>
+ -->
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>新建层级科目：介ç»</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-NewAccountHierarchySetup">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup.png"
+ srccredit="John Ralls" width="800px"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup.png"
+ srccredit="John Ralls"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第一个界é¢ã€‚</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>å‘导的第一个界é¢æ述了å‘导的功能。点击<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮进入到下一个界é¢ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>在第二个界é¢ï¼Œé€šè¿‡ä¸åŒçš„æ ‡ç¾é¡µè®¾ç½®<guilabel>新账簿选项</guilabel>，然åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>æŒ‰é’®ã€‚ä½ ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ç¨åŽä½¿ç”¨<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu>
+
+ <guimenuitem>属性</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>修改这些选项。这些选项的详细介ç»ï¼Œå¯è§&app;用户手册ä¸â€œè‡ªå®šä¹‰GnuCash è´¦ç°¿é€‰é¡¹â€ ä¸€ç« ã€‚</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>新建层级科目：账簿选项</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-NewBookOptions">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_NewBookOpts.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第二个界é¢ï¼Œå…¶ä¸å¯è®¾ç½®<guilabel>账簿选项</guilabel>。</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>在第三个界é¢ï¼Œä»Žä¸‹æ‹‰åˆ—表ä¸é€‰æ‹©è¦ç”¨äºŽæ–°ç§‘目的å¸ç§ï¼Œç„¶åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮。</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>在æ¤å¤„选择的å¸ç§ï¼Œä¼šæŒ‡å®šä¸ºæ‰€æœ‰ç”±æ¤å‘导创建的科目所使用的å¸ç§ã€‚</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>新建层级科目：å¸ç§é€‰æ‹©</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-NewAccountHierarchySetup-currency">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_currency.png"
+ srccredit="John Ralls" width="800px"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_currency.png"
+ srccredit="John Ralls"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第三个界é¢ï¼Œæ¤å¤„å¯é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>å¸ç§</guilabel>。</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>在第四个界é¢ä¸ï¼Œåœ¨<guilabel>模æ¿</guilabel>é¢æ¿ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>通用科目</guilabel>科目组。å†ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮进入下一界é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>若需è¦ï¼Œå¯åœ¨æ¤é€‰æ‹©ä¸€ä¸ªæˆ–多个预定义的科目组。有关科目类型的更多信æ¯å¯è§<xref linkend="accts-types1"/>。</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>新建层级科目：科目选择</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-NewAccountHierarchySetup-Accounts">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Accounts.png"
+ srccredit="John Ralls" width="800px"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Accounts.png"
+ srccredit="John Ralls"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第四个界é¢ï¼Œæ¤å¤„å¯é€‰æ‹©å¤šä¸ª<guilabel>科目</guilabel>。</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>在第五个界é¢ï¼Œå¯ä»¥è®¾ç½®æ¯ä¸€ç§‘目的<guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>，并指定科目是å¦ä¸º<guilabel>å ä½ç¬¦</guilabel>ã€‚è¿™äº›ç‰¹æ€§å°†åœ¨ä¸‹ä¸€ç« ä»‹ç»ï¼Œå½“å‰å…ˆä¸å¿…更改这些选项，然åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>按钮进入æ¤å‘导的最åŽä¸€ä¸ªç•Œé¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>新建层级科目：科目设置</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-NewAccountHierarchySetup-Setup.png">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Setup.png"
+ srccredit="John Ralls" width="800px"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Setup.png"
+ srccredit="John Ralls"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的第五个界é¢ï¼Œæ¤å¤„å¯è®¾ç½®<guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>。</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>在å‘导的最åŽä¸€ä¸ªç•Œé¢ä¸ï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>应用</guibutton>创建所有科目并离开å‘导。</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>新建层级科目：完æˆ</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-NewAccountHierarchySetup-Finish">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Finish.png"
+ srccredit="John Ralls" width="800px"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Finish.png"
+ srccredit="John Ralls"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<guilabel>新建层级科目</guilabel>å‘导的最åŽä¸€ä¸ªç•Œé¢ã€‚</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>在先å‰çš„窗å£ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>应用</guibutton>按钮åŽï¼Œä¼šå¼¹å‡ºä¿å˜å¯¹è¯æ¡†ã€‚选择<acronym>XML</acronym> <guilabel>æ•°æ®æ ¼å¼</guilabel>，文件<guilabel>å称</guilabel>为<filename>gcashdata_1</filename>，选择è¦ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶çš„文件夹（请记下æ¤ä¿å˜ä½ç½®ï¼Œå› 为数æ®æ–‡ä»¶è¿˜ä¼šåœ¨æœ¬æŒ‡å—åŽç»æ•™ç¨‹ä¸ç»§ç»ä½¿ç”¨ï¼‰ï¼Œæœ€åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>ä¿å˜</guibutton>按钮。</para>
+
+ <para>现在，主窗å£å¦‚下所示：</para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>教程：测试文件的åˆå§‹ç§‘目界é¢</title>
+
+ <screenshot id="basics-EmptyAccounts">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/basics_EmptyAccounts.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_accts.xml" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"/>
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_txns.xml" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"/>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_budgets.xml b/zh/guide/ch_budgets.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..53f41303
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_budgets.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: July 9th 2006
+ Maintainers:
+ Chris Shoemaker <c.shoemaker at cox.net>
+ Author:
+ Chris Shoemaker <c.shoemaker at cox.net>
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_budgets">
+ <title>Budgets</title>
+
+ <para>This chapter explains how to create and use budgets with &app;.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="budget_concepts1">
+ <title>Basic Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>A budget is a tool for estimating expected income and expenses. You can use it to help you plan how
+ you intend for your finances to change over a period of time, and to examine how your actual
+ financial transactions for the period compare to your planned transactions.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The budgeting concept is quite general, so &app; offers a budgeting tool that is both simple and
+ flexible. You, the user, have to decide how complex or simple you want to make your budget.
+ This guide will help you make some of those decisions.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="budget_conceptsterms2">
+ <title>Terminology</title>
+
+ <para>There are a few helpful terms listed below that will be used to discuss budgeting.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Budget</emphasis> - A financial plan describing the expected revenues and/or disbursements
+ for a particular time period
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Cash Budget</emphasis> - A budget planning for expected cash receipts and cash
+ disbursements. This type of budget tracks cash flow -- where your money comes from,
+ where it goes, and, of course, how much.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Expense Budget</emphasis> - A budget chiefly for planning what you spend your money on.
+ This type of budget tracks your expenses. It is typically not concerned with things like
+ appreciation or repayment of liabilities. However, it would account for interest
+ charges. For example, if you buy $100 worth of groceries with your credit card, you
+ incur an $100 expense for groceries, and a $100 liability to your credit card company.
+ When you pay the credit card bill for $110, you are incurring an additional interest
+ expense of $10. An expense budget plans for the transaction of buying the groceries and
+ paying the interest, but not the transaction of repaying the credit card company.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Capital Budget</emphasis> - A budget that describes a plan for paying for a large future
+ expense, often through a combination of saving and borrowing money. Note: Capital
+ budgets can sometimes get quite complex because they can try to answer the question "Can
+ we afford to do such-and-such?" by exploring various hypothetical scenarios that can
+ involve hypothetical accounts.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Budget Period</emphasis> - The period of time during which the plan is expected to take
+ place. The most common budget periods are annual and monthly. Sometimes, you may budget
+ for several consecutive periods at once, for convenience or for finer-grained planning.
+ For example, an annual budget may include 12 monthly budget periods.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="budget_creation1">
+ <title>Creating a Budget</title>
+
+ <para>Even before you begin to make a budget, it’s important to have given some thought to your
+ account hierarchy. For example, if you want to budget a certain amount for your electric bill
+ and a certain amount for your water bill, you can’t have only an
+ <emphasis>Expenses:Utilities</emphasis> account. Your accounts must be at least as specific as
+ your budget.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="budget_creation2">
+ <title>Choose Which Accounts To Budget For</title>
+
+ <para>The first step in creating a budget is to decide what it is you want to plan for. This decision will
+ affect which accounts you include in your budget. For example, if you are only interested in
+ tracking your expenses, you may create an expense budget by only entering amounts for
+ expense accounts. On the other hand, if you want to track all of your cash flow, you may
+ create a cash flow budget by entering amounts for asset, liability, income and expense
+ accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Before you begin to create your budget, you need to make two decisions: What accounts do I want to
+ budget for? and When do I want my budget to be for? You can always change your mind later,
+ after you’ve created a budget, but you need to start with something.
+ </para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>As a rule of thumb, if you mostly care about <emphasis>what</emphasis> you spend your money on, you
+ may want to make an expense report. If you’re also concerned about having enough
+ money in the right places at the right times, you may want to use a cash-flow budget.
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Choosing a Budget Period</title>
+
+ <para>Before creating a budget you must also decide what period of time you want to plan for. The most
+ common budget periods are monthly and annual. If you want your budget to plan for changes in
+ financial patterns over time, then you should include multiple budget periods in your
+ budget. For example, if you want to plan on having higher utility expenses in the winter
+ than in the summer, then you might break your annual budget into 4 quarters or even 12
+ months, and budget a higher value for the winter periods than for the summer periods.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Getting Started</title>
+
+ <para>To create your first budget click on
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Budget</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>New
+ Budget</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ . You will immediately see a new budget with the default settings and no entries. Then click
+ on the <guibutton>Options</guibutton> button. The most important options are the budget
+ period and the number of periods. For the budget period, choose the beginning date and the
+ smallest period of time that you want to plan for. Then, for the number of periods, choose
+ how many periods you want to plan for.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The budget page now shows a list of accounts with a column for each budget period. The date shown in
+ the title of each column is the beginning of that budget period.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Entering Budget Values</title>
+
+ <para>Now, you must enter the budget values - the amounts that you expect the account balances to change
+ during the budget period. There are two ways to enter budget values. The first way is to
+ simply click on the cell and enter an amount.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you have past transactions recorded in &app;, the second way is to let &app; estimate the budget
+ values by looking at those transactions. First, select the accounts you want &app; to
+ estimate. Then click on the <guibutton>Estimate</guibutton> <emphasis>Toolbar</emphasis>
+ button. In the <guilabel>Estimate Budget Values</guilabel> dialog, select the date past
+ which &app; should look for past transactions. &app; will start at that date and look
+ forward for the duration of your budget. For example, if you are making an annual budget,
+ and you select Jan. 1, 2005, &app; will look at all the transactions in that account from
+ Jan. 1, 2005 through Dec. 31, 2005.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="budget_reporting1">
+ <title>Budget Reporting</title>
+
+ <para>You’ve already done the hardest part - creating your budget. But now you want to know how your
+ actual financial transactions compare to your plan. You need to run the Budget Report.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Click on
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Reports</guimenu><guisubmenu>Budget</guisubmenu> <guimenuitem>Budget
+ Report</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ . For each account, the Budget Report will show the budgeted and the actual amounts in two
+ adjacent columns for each period in the budget. If you have created multiple budgets, you can
+ use the Budget Report Options to select which budget to use in the report.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Two other types of budget reports are commonly used in the small business setting. They are the
+ <emphasis>Budgeted Income Statement</emphasis> and the <emphasis>Budgeted Balance
+ Sheet</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Budgeted Income Statement</title>
+
+ <para>The budgeted income statement is similar to the income statement. Both show the revenues and
+ expenses for a given period as well as the profit, which is the difference revenue -
+ expenses. The income statement is based on historical data, but the
+ <emphasis>budgeted</emphasis> income statement is based on the predictions made in the
+ budget.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Budgeted Balance Sheet</title>
+
+ <para>The budgeted balance sheet is similar to the balance sheet. Both show the assets, liabilities, and
+ equity. The difference is that the balance sheet is based on historical data, and the
+ <emphasis>budgeted</emphasis> balance sheet is based on the predictions made in the budget.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_bus_features.xml b/zh/guide/ch_bus_features.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3d21b341
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_bus_features.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,2193 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!-- (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 1.0.0
+ Last modified: Sep 19th 2015
+ Maintainers:
+ Chris Good <chris.good at ozemail.com.au>
+ Author:
+ Chris Good <chris.good at ozemail.com.au>
+ updated
+ [FirstName LastName] <name at company.com>
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_bus_features">
+ <title>Business Features</title>
+
+ <sect1 id="bus-intro">
+ <title>Introduction to Business Features</title>
+
+ <para>The accounting needs of a business are quite different from that of a person. Businesses have
+ customers that owe money, vendors which are owed money, employee payroll, more complex tax
+ laws, etc. &app; offers business oriented features to facilitate these needs.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><emphasis>Accounts Receivable</emphasis> (A/R) are used by businesses to record sales for which they
+ are not immediately paid. This is represented on the balance sheet as an asset, because the
+ expectation is that you will receive payment soon.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><emphasis>Accounts Payable</emphasis> (A/P) record bills that businesses have received, but may not
+ pay until later. This is represented on the balance sheet as a liability because you will have
+ to pay for them.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>A/R and A/P accounts are used primarily when you have a lot of bills and receipts flowing in and
+ out, and do not want to lose track of them just because you do not pay or get paid right away.
+ For most home users, A/R and A/P are too complicated to be worthwhile.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="bus_setup">
+ <title>Business Setup</title>
+
+ <para>To set up &app; to handle accounts receivable or accounts payable for a company, these preliminary
+ steps must be done.
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Build an appropriate Account Hierarchy.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Set up Sales Tax Tables.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Enter the company information in &app;.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Set Business Preferences.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Set up Billing Terms.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-setupacct">
+ <title>Account Setup</title>
+
+ <para>There are many different ways to set up a business account hierarchy. You can start with the
+ Business Accounts setup which is available from the New Account Hierarchy assistant, or you
+ could build one manually. To access the prebuilt Business Accounts, start &app; and click on
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>New File</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ and proceed until you see the list of available accounts, select Business Accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The prebuilt Business Account hierarchy will not meet your needs exactly. You will need make
+ adjustments to the hierarchy so that it will meet your particular needs. It should be close
+ enough, however, that it is recommended you begin with it.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To use &app;’s integrated accounts receivable system, you must first set up a special account
+ (usually a sub-account under Assets) to hold transactions for receivables. This account must
+ be defined with account type <emphasis>A/Receivable</emphasis>. &app; will use this account
+ to place transactions related to the integrated accounts receivable system.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To use &app;’s integrated accounts payable system, you must first set up an account (usually a
+ sub-account under Liabilities) to hold transactions for payables. This account must be
+ defined with account type <emphasis>A/Payable</emphasis>. &app; will use this account to
+ place transactions related to the integrated accounts payable system.
+ </para>
+<screen>Basic A/R and A/P Account Hierarchy:
+
+-Assets
+ -Accounts Receivable
+ -Checking
+-Expenses
+ ...(as required)
+-Income
+ -Sales
+-Liabilities
+ -Accounts Payable
+ -Tax
+ -Tax on Purchases
+ -Tax on Sales</screen>
+ <para>You need to add additional accounts to this hierarchy for it to be useful.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>You do not need to create an individual A/R account for each customer. &app; keeps track of
+ customers internally and provides per-customer reports based on the internal tracking. The
+ same applies to A/P and vendors.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>If you deal with customers in more than one currency you will need a separate <guilabel>Accounts
+ Receivable</guilabel> account <emphasis>for each currency</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you deal with vendors in more than one currency you will need a separate <guilabel>Accounts
+ Payable</guilabel> account <emphasis>for each currency</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Transactions involving an Accounts Receivable or Accounts Payable account should not be added,
+ changed or deleted in any way other than by using Post/Unpost Bill/Invoice/Voucher or
+ Process Payment!
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-setuptaxtables">
+ <title>Setting up Sales Tax Tables</title>
+
+ <para>Sales Tax Tables can used to determine the tax for customer invoices (or vendor bills).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>A tax table entry can be assigned to an invoice line or bill line.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Set up distinct tax tables for customers and vendors.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The default invoice tax table entry can be assigned to each customer and the default bill tax table
+ entry can be assigned to each vendor.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The default tax table entry for new customers or new vendors can be specified in the <emphasis>Book
+ Options</emphasis> window which can be accessed by
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Properties</guisubmenu> <guimenuitem>Business
+ tab.</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Sales Tax Tables are maintained using the <emphasis>Sales Tax Table</emphasis> editor which is
+ accessed via menu
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sales Tax Table</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ .
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Sales Tax Tables Editor</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-taxmain">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_tax_main.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>New Sales Tax Table Entry</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-taxnew">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_tax_new.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Name</guilabel> This is the tax table name.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Type</guilabel> Either <guilabel>Percent %</guilabel> or <guilabel>Value $</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Value</guilabel> This is the percentage or value depending on <guilabel>Type</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Account</guilabel> This is the account to which tax will be posted. For tax collected from
+ customers, this should probably be a Liability account as it must be payed to the
+ government. For tax paid to vendors, if tax laws allow tax paid to vendors to offset tax
+ collected from customers, this should probably also be a Liability account (even though
+ it will usually have a debit balance) so that the net tax owed to the government can be
+ easily observed.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you set up Tax on Purchases and Tax on Sales as subaccounts of Liabilities:Tax then the net tax
+ will be rolled up and can be seen in the &app; Accounts tab.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><emphasis>If unsure about tax law requirements, get professional advice. </emphasis>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>The following charts illustrate sample tax tables and may be used as starting points to determine
+ the setup appropriate for a particular jurisdiction.
+ </para>
+
+ <table frame='all' id="bus-tax-tbl-eu">
+ <title>Sample Tax Table Entries for EU country (e.g. 21% / 6% / 0% Belgium, 20% / 5% / 0% UK etc.) (2017)</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Tax Table
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Tax Table Entries [Asset/Liability]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Percentage or Amount
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Standard VAT Sales
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ VAT:Sales:Standard [L]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 21%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Reduced VAT Sales
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ VAT:Sales:Reduced [L]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 6%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Zero-Rated VAT Sales
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ VAT:Sales:Zero [L]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry morerows='1'>
+ EC Sales
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ VAT:Sales:EC [L]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 21%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ VAT:Sales:Reverse EC [L]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ -21%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Standard VAT Purchases
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ VAT:Purchases:Standard [A]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 21%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Reduced VAT Purchases
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ VAT:Purchases:Reduced [A]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 6%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Zero-Rated VAT Purchases
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ VAT:Purchases:Zero [A]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <table frame='all' id="bus-tax-tbl-au">
+ <title>Sample Tax Table Entries for Australia (2017)</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Tax Table
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Tax Table Entries [Asset/Liability]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Percentage or Amount
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Standard GST Sales
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GST:Sales:Standard [L]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 10%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ GST-free Sales
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GST:Sales:Zero [L]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Standard GST Purchases
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GST:Purchases:Standard [A]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 10%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ GST-free Purchases
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GST:Purchases:Zero [A]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <table frame='all' id="bus-tax-tbl-us">
+ <title>Sample Tax Table Entries for Cook County, Illinois (2017)</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Tax Table
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Tax Table Entries [Asset/Liability]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Percentage or Amount
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry morerows='3'>
+ Chicago Sales Taxes
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Taxes:Sales:State [L]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 6.25%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Taxes:Sales:City [L]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1.25%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Taxes:Sales:County [L]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1.75%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Taxes:Sales:Region [L]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1%
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-setupcname">
+ <title>Enter Company Information</title>
+
+ <para>After you have built the account structure and defined your tax tables, designate your company in
+ the &app; file. To do this, select the <guilabel>Business</guilabel> tab in the
+ <guilabel>Book Options</guilabel> window, which can be accessed from
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ .
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Entering Company Information</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-co-reg">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_co_reg.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Here you can:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Enter the name of your company along with contact information such as your phone number, fax number,
+ e-mail address and website URL.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Enter your company’s tax payer id number in the <guilabel>Company ID</guilabel> field.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Select default tax tables applicable to your most common customers and vendors.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus_setup_pref">
+ <title>Setting Business Preferences</title>
+
+ <para>Set options on the Business tab of the &app; preferences, which is accessed via
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ (
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>GnuCash</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ on &mac;). See &app; Manual chapter 10.3.3 Business Book Options Tab.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-setupterms">
+ <title>Setting Billing Terms</title>
+
+ <para>Billing Terms can be used to determine the payment due date and be a guide for determining discount
+ for early payment of invoices (or vendor bills).
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>As of &app; 2.6.7, Billing Terms are only partially supported. Date due is calculated using the
+ Billing Terms but discount amount is not.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Discount for early invoice payment is not implemented. There are 2 ways this may be done, although
+ neither is recommended, and professional advice should be used to confirm that regulations
+ are being complied with:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>After creating and posting a payment which pays the invoice in full, manually edit the payment
+ transaction (usually strongly discouraged) and split the payment to reduce it by the
+ amount of the discount and create a compensating split in an income (discount)
+ account.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Alternatively, after creating and posting a payment for the discounted amount, create a credit note
+ for the discount using a specific negative sales income (discount) account for the
+ transfer account.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>You can specify the billing terms on each invoice/bill. Invoice billing terms will default from the
+ customer billing terms. Bill billing terms will default from the vendor billing terms.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Billing Terms are maintained using the Billing Terms Editor which is accessed via menu
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guimenuitem>Billing Terms Editor</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ .
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Billing Terms Editor</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-termsmain">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_terms_main.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>New Billing Term</title>
+<screenshot id="bus-termsnew">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_terms_new.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Name</guilabel> The internal name of the billing term. For some examples of billing term
+ names and descriptions see <ulink url="&url-wiki-pmt-term;" />.
+<!-- Translators, add a reference to a list of terms common in your language -->
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Description</guilabel> The description of the billing term, printed on invoices
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>There are 2 types of billing terms, with different information to be entered
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Type Days
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Due Days</guilabel> The invoice or bill is due to be paid within this number of days after
+ the post date
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Discount Days</guilabel> The number of days after the post date during which a discount
+ will be applied for early payment
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Discount %</guilabel> The percentage discount applied for early payment
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Type Proximo
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Due Day</guilabel> The day of the month bills are due
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Discount Day</guilabel> The last day of the month for the early payment discount
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Discount %</guilabel> The discount percentage applied if paid early
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Cutoff Day</guilabel> The cutoff day for applying bills to the next month. After the
+ cutoff, bills are applied to the following month. Negative values count
+ backwards from the end of the month.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="bus_ar">
+ <title>Accounts Receivable</title>
+
+ <para>Accounts Receivable (or A/R) refers to products or services provided by your company for which
+ payment has not yet been received.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-ar-components1">
+ <title>System Components</title>
+
+ <para>Transactions generated by the A/R system are recorded within the Accounts Receivable account.
+ <emphasis>You should not work directly with this account.</emphasis> Instead, you will work
+ with the four integrated &app; A/R application components available through the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Customer</guisubmenu>
+ </menuchoice>
+ sub-menu. These four components are:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Customers</guilabel> are people or companies to whom you sell products or services on
+ credit.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Invoices</guilabel> represent the physical invoice you send to a customer to request
+ payment. This invoice contains an itemized list of things you sold.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In addition, GnuCash also has support for <guilabel>Credit Notes</guilabel> which represent the
+ inverse of Invoices. A credit note is usually handed to a customer to correct items that
+ were incorrectly invoiced or returned.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Both document types will be set up using the same menu items. Credit notes were introduced starting
+ with &app; stable release 2.6.0.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Jobs</guilabel> (optional) is where you register Customer Jobs. Jobs are a mechanism by
+ which you can group multiple invoices to a particular customer.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Process Payments</guilabel> is used to register payments you received from a customer.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-ar-customers1">
+ <title>Customers</title>
+
+ <para>Customers are people or companies to whom you sell goods or services. They must be registered within
+ the A/R system.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ar-custnew2">
+ <title>New</title>
+
+ <para>To register a new customer, enter the menu
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Customer</guisubmenu> <guimenuitem>New
+ Customer</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ . Fill in customer information, such as Company Name, Address, Phone, Fax, etc.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>New Customer Registration Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-custnew">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ar_custnew.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ar-custfind2">
+ <title>Find and Edit</title>
+
+ <para>To search for an existing customer, use the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Customer</guisubmenu> <guimenuitem>Find
+ Customer</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ window. You select a customer to <guilabel>View/Edit</guilabel> from the results of the
+ search. This window is also used to look up customers when creating invoices and
+ processing payments.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Find Customer Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-custfind">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ar_custfind.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>If many customers match the search criteria you provide, the search can be refined by running an
+ additional search within the current results. The current result set is searched when the
+ <guilabel>Refine Current Search</guilabel> radio button is selected. In fact, &app;
+ selects this option for you after you run the initial search.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If the customer you are searching for does not match the supplied search criteria, change the search
+ criteria, click the <guilabel>New Search</guilabel> radio button and then the
+ <guilabel>Find</guilabel> button. The relevant step is the <guilabel>New Search</guilabel>
+ selection. If the customer is not in the result of the original search, and you only
+ search within this set, the customer cannot be found, regardless of new search criteria.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>To return a list of all registered active customers, set the search criterion to <guilabel>matches
+ regex</guilabel>, and place a single dot "." in the text field area. Make sure
+ <guilabel>Search only active data</guilabel> is checked, then click
+ <guibutton>Find</guibutton>. The regular expression "." means to match anything.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-ar-invoices1">
+ <title>Invoices</title>
+
+ <para>An invoice is the paperwork you send to a customer to request payment for products or services
+ rendered. &app; can generate and track invoices.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>A credit note is the paperwork you send to a customer to correct products or services rendered that
+ were incorrectly invoiced. &app; can generate and track credit notes via the same menu
+ entries as invoices.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>This section applies to both invoices and credit notes. In order to avoid repeating everything twice
+ and to keep the text easier to read it will refer only to invoices. You can apply it
+ equally to credit notes. Only where the behavior of credit notes differs from invoices
+ this will be explicitly mentioned.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ar-invoicenew2">
+ <title>New</title>
+
+ <para>To send an invoice to a customer you must first create the new document. To create an invoice use
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Customer</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>New
+ Invoice</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ . The New Invoice window must be filled in appropriately.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Creating a New Invoice</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-invoicenew">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ar_invoicenew.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>When you click the <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button, the <guilabel>Edit Invoice</guilabel> window
+ opens.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ar-invoiceedit2">
+ <title>Edit</title>
+
+ <para>From the Edit Invoice window you can enter an itemized list of goods and services you sold on this
+ invoice in a manner similar to how the account register works. For credit notes you enter
+ an itemized list of goods and services you refunded instead.
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>Edit Invoice Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-invoiceedit">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ar_invoiceedit.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>When you have finished entering all the items, you can <guilabel>Post</guilabel> and print the
+ invoice.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ar-invoicepost2">
+ <title>Post</title>
+
+ <para>When you finish editing an invoice and are ready to print, you must <guilabel>Post</guilabel> the
+ invoice. The invoice does not have to be posted immediately. In fact, you should only post
+ an invoice when you are ready to print it. Posting an invoice places the transactions in
+ an accounts receivable account.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Post Invoice Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-invoicepost">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ar_invoicepost.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ar-invoicefind2">
+ <title>Find</title>
+
+ <para>To find an existing invoice, use the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Customer</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Find
+ Invoice</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ menu item. From the results of the search, you can select an invoice to edit or view.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Before you can edit a posted invoice, you will need to <guilabel>Unpost</guilabel> it.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>One of the design goals in &app;’s Account Receivable system was to allow different processes
+ to get to the same state, so you can reach an invoice from different directions based on
+ the way you think about the problem:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>You can search for the customer first, then list their invoices.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>You can search for invoices by number or by company name.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>You can list invoices associated with a customer job.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ar-invoiceprint2">
+ <title>Print</title>
+
+ <para>After you post an invoice, you should print it and send it to your customer. To print an invoice use
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Print Invoice</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ menu item.
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>Invoice Print Output</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-invoiceprint">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ar_invoiceprint.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>You can modify the appearance of the invoice, IE: add a company logo, etc. To do so, see the
+ <xref
+ linkend="bus-ar-invoicechange" />.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>Invoices can also be printed from the main window by selecting
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Reports</guimenu><guisubmenu>Business Reports</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>Printable Invoice</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ from the main menu. The resulting report window states that no valid invoice is selected.
+ To select the invoice to print:
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Use the <guibutton>Options</guibutton> <emphasis>Toolbar</emphasis> button or select
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Report Options</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ from the main menu.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Select the <guilabel>General</guilabel> tab of the report options dialog.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Click the <guibutton>Select</guibutton> button next to the <guilabel>Invoice Number</guilabel>
+ field.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Search for the invoice as usual.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>You can also print invoices from within the Process Payment dialog. See the
+ <xref linkend="bus-ar-payment1" /> for instructions on how to do so.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ar-invoicestarting2">
+ <title>Assign Starting Invoice Number</title>
+
+ <para>By default, &app; starts with invoice number 1 and increments from there. You can manually type an
+ invoice number into the text box each time you create an invoice, but this gets tiring and
+ sooner or later leads to duplicate numbers.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You can change the starting invoice number if it is important you. Use
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ , access the <guilabel>Counters</guilabel> tab, change the <guilabel>Invoice
+ number</guilabel> value to be one less than your desired starting invoice number and click
+ the <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button or the <guibutton>Apply</guibutton> button.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-ar-jobs1">
+ <title>Customer Jobs</title>
+
+ <para>Customer Jobs are used to group multiple invoices and credit notes to the same customer. Use of the
+ Customer Jobs feature is optional. The feature is useful when you have multiple
+ <guilabel>jobs</guilabel> for the same customer, and would like to view all the invoices and
+ credit notes related to a single job.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>New Customer Job</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-jobnew">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ar_jobnew.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger" />
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <textobject>
+ <phrase>New Customer Job</phrase>
+ </textobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>To use customer jobs, you must create them using the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Customer</guisubmenu> <guimenuitem>New
+ Job</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ menu item. You will see the <guilabel>New Job</guilabel> window.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To edit an existing customer job, use the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Customer</guisubmenu> <guimenuitem>Find
+ Job</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ menu item. Select the desired job in the search results, and click the <guilabel>View/Edit
+ Job</guilabel> button.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To select from the invoices and credit notes associated with a given job, use
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Customer</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Find
+ Job</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ menu item. Select the desired job in the search results and click the <guilabel>View
+ Invoices</guilabel> button. A window listing invoices and credit notes associated with this
+ job appears. Select an invoice or credit note and click the <guilabel>View
+ Invoice</guilabel> button to open an invoice editor in the main application window.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-ar-payment1">
+ <title>Process Payment</title>
+
+ <para>Eventually, you will receive payment from your customers for outstanding invoices. To register these
+ payments, use the Process Payment application found in
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Customer</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Process
+ Payment</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ .
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Process Payment From Customer</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-payment">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ar_payment.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-ar-invoicechange">
+ <title>Changing the Invoice Appearance</title>
+
+ <para>The default Invoice style, as shown in <xref
+ linkend="bus-ar-invoiceprint2" />, is
+ fairly barren. The default invoice style leaves the top part of the form blank, so you can
+ print on company letterhead paper. There are some things you can do to change invoice
+ appearance.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Use
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ to enter your Company information in the <guilabel>Business</guilabel> tab of the
+ <guilabel>Book Options</guilabel> window. Some of the entered information is printed on the
+ right side of invoices.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To add a customized background, heading banner or logo to invoices, modify the invoice style sheets.
+ To do this, go to
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Edit</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Style Sheets</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ and select the <guibutton>New</guibutton> button in the <guilabel>Select HTML Style
+ Sheet</guilabel> window that will appear. You will then see a window like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>New Style Sheet Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-invoicechange1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ar_invoicechange1.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Give a <guilabel>Name</guilabel> to the new style sheet (e.g. <guilabel>Custom Invoice</guilabel>)
+ and select the <guilabel>Fancy</guilabel> <guilabel>Template</guilabel>. When you click the
+ <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button, the <guilabel>HTML Style Sheet Properties</guilabel>
+ window is displayed. This window presents you five sections listed in the left pane:
+ <guilabel>Colors</guilabel>, <guilabel>Fonts</guilabel>, <guilabel>General</guilabel>,
+ <guilabel>Images</guilabel>, and <guilabel>Tables</guilabel>. The
+ <guilabel>Colors</guilabel> section allows you to change the colors of various items of the
+ invoice. The <guilabel>Fonts</guilabel> section lets you set fonts type and dimensions. The
+ <guilabel>General</guilabel> section allows you to set the <guilabel>Preparer</guilabel> and
+ <guilabel>Prepared for</guilabel> information, and to <guilabel>Enable Links</guilabel>. The
+ <guilabel>Images</guilabel> section allows you to import graphics into the style sheet. The
+ <guilabel>Tables</guilabel> section allows you to adjust the spacing around the tables which
+ make up the invoice.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To include a company logo, banner heading and background image, use your favorite graphics
+ application such as <application>The Gimp</application> or &app-aoo;/&app-lo;
+ Draw to save the images in either <acronym>GIF</acronym> or
+ <acronym>PNG</acronym> format. Then import them into the style sheet using the
+ <guilabel>Images</guilabel> section described above.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Below is an example that imports all three types of images.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>HTML Style Sheet Example Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-invoicechange2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ar_invoicechange2.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>The <acronym>HTML</acronym> Style Sheets window with an example Background Tile, Heading Banner, and
+ Logo.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>The images are placed in the invoice as follows. The <guilabel>Background Tile</guilabel> is tiled
+ to become the background image, the <guilabel>Heading Banner</guilabel> goes to above the
+ invoice text, and the <guilabel>Logo</guilabel> is placed in the upper left corner of the
+ invoice to the left of the Heading Banner. You will probably have to try a few different
+ sized images until you get the invoices to print nicely. Some sizing suggestions are that
+ the Logo should be 1 square cm (~0.5 inch), and the Heading Banner should be 15 cm (~6
+ inches) wide and 1 cm (~0.5 inch) tall.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>With the style sheet configured, when you print the invoice, you select the style sheet to use from
+ the <guimenu>Options</guimenu> menu. Below is the resultant invoice after applying the style
+ sheet demonstrated above.
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>HTML Style Sheets Example Output</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-invoicechange3">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ar_invoicechange3.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>The hideous invoice which results from the graphics selected in the style sheet.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="bus_ap">
+ <title>Accounts Payable</title>
+
+ <para>Accounts Payable (or A/P) refers to the accounting of products or services which a company has
+ bought and needs to pay for.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-ap-components1">
+ <title>System Components</title>
+
+ <para>&app; has an integrated accounts payable system. The transactions generated by the A/P system are
+ placed within the Accounts Payable account, as a record of what occurs. Generally you do not
+ directly work with this account but use the four integrated &app; A/P application
+ components. The A/P components are available from the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Vendor</guisubmenu>
+ </menuchoice>
+ sub-menu. These A/P components are:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Vendors</guilabel> are people or companies from which you buy products or services on
+ credit.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Bills</guilabel> represent the physical bills vendors send to request payment from you. A
+ bill contains an itemized list of things you purchased.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In addition, GnuCash also has support for <guilabel>Credit Notes</guilabel> which represent the
+ inverse of Bills. A credit note is usually received from a vendor to correct items that
+ were erroneously billed or returned.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Both document types will be set up using the same menu items.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Jobs</guilabel> (optional) is where you register Vendor Jobs. Jobs are mechanism by which
+ you can group multiple bills from a particular vendor.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>Process Payments</guilabel> is where you register payments to a vendor to whom you owe
+ money.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>The following sections introduce the individual Accounts Payable application components.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-ap-vendors1">
+ <title>Vendors</title>
+
+ <para>A vendor is a company or person from whom you purchase goods or services. Vendors must be registered
+ within the A/P system.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ap-vendornew2">
+ <title>New</title>
+
+ <para>To register a new vendor, select the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Vendor</guisubmenu><guimenuitem> New
+ Vendor</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ menu item. Fill in general information about the vendor, such as Company Name, Address,
+ Phone, Fax, etc. Below is a list of the other options:
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This is what the New Vendor registration window looks like:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>New Vendor Registration Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ap-vendornew">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ap_vendornew.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ap-vendorfind2">
+ <title>Find and Edit</title>
+
+ <para>To search for an existing vendor, use the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Vendor</guisubmenu><guimenuitem> Find
+ Vendor</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ window. You select a vendor to <guibutton>View/Edit</guibutton> from the results of the
+ search. This window is also used to look up a vendor when entering bills and processing
+ payments.
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>Find Vendor Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ar-vendorfind">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ap_vendorfind.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>If many vendors match the search criteria you provide, the search can be refined by running an
+ additional search within the current results. The current result set is searched when the
+ <guilabel>Refine Current Search</guilabel> radio button is selected. In fact, &app;
+ selects this option for you after you run the initial search.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If the vendor you are searching for does not match the supplied search criteria, change the search
+ criteria, click the <guilabel>New Search</guilabel> radio button and then the
+ <guibutton>Find</guibutton> button. The relevant step is the <guilabel>New
+ Search</guilabel> selection. If the vendor is not in the result of the original search,
+ and you only search within this set, the vendor cannot be found, regardless of new search
+ criteria.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>To return a list of all registered active vendors, set the search criterion to <guilabel>matches
+ regex</guilabel>, and place a single dot <quote>.</quote> in the text field area. Make
+ sure <guilabel>Search only active data</guilabel> is checked, then click
+ <guibutton>Find</guibutton>. The regular expression <quote>.</quote> means to match
+ anything.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-ap-bills1">
+ <title>Bills</title>
+
+ <para>A bill is a request for payment you receive from a vendor. &app; can track bills.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>A credit note is the document you receive from a vendor to correct products or services rendered
+ that you were incorrectly charged for on a bill. &app; can generate and track credit notes
+ via the same menu entries as bills.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>This section applies to both bills and credit notes. In order to avoid repeating everything twice
+ and to keep the text easier to read it will refer only to bills. You can apply it equally
+ to credit notes. Only where the behaviour of credit notes differs from bills this will be
+ explicitly mentioned.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ap-billnew2">
+ <title>New</title>
+
+ <para>When you receive a bill from a vendor and want to enter it into &app;, you must create a new bill.
+ To create a new bill use the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Vendor</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>New
+ Bill</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ menu item, and fill in the resulting window appropriately.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>New Bill Registration Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ap-billnew">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ap_billnew.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>When you click the <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button the <guilabel>Edit Bill</guilabel> window opens.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ap-billedit2">
+ <title>Edit</title>
+
+ <para>From the Edit Bill window you can enter an itemized list of goods and services you purchased, in a
+ manner similar to how the account register works. For credit notes you enter an itemized
+ list of goods and services the vendor refunded instead.
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>Edit Bill Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ap-billedit">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ap_billedit.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>When you have finished entering all the items, <guilabel>Post</guilabel> the bill.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ap-billpost2">
+ <title>Post</title>
+
+ <para>When you finish editing a bill, you should <guilabel>Post</guilabel> the bill. You do not have to
+ post the bill, you can close it and return to it later. You have to post the bill
+ eventually. Posting a bill places its transactions into an accounts payable account. The
+ Post Bill window appears and asks you to enter information:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Post Bill Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ap-billpost">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ap_billpost.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-ap-billfind2">
+ <title>Find</title>
+
+ <para>To find an existing bill, use the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Vendor</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Find
+ Bill</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ menu item. From the results of the search, you can select a bill to edit, or view.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Before you can edit a posted bill, you will need to <guilabel>Unpost</guilabel> it.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>There are other ways to access an existing bill. These are similar to accessing invoices for your
+ customers. See <xref linkend="bus-ar-invoicefind2" /> for more information.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-ap-jobs1">
+ <title>Vendor Jobs</title>
+
+ <para>Vendor Jobs are used to group multiple bills and credit notes from a single vendor. Use of the
+ vendor jobs feature is optional. The feature is useful when you have multiple
+ <guilabel>jobs</guilabel> for the same vendor, and would like to view all the bills and
+ credit notes for a single job.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To use vendor jobs, you must create them using the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Vendor</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>New
+ Job</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ menu item. You will see the <guilabel>New Job</guilabel> window.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>New Vendor Job</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ap-jobnew">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ap_jobnew.png" srccredit="Jon Lapham"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>To edit an existing vendor job, use the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Vendor</guisubmenu> <guimenuitem>Find
+ Job</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ menu item. Select the desired job in the search results, and click the <guilabel>View/Edit
+ Job</guilabel> button.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To select from the bills associated with a given job, use
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Vendor</guisubmenu> <guimenuitem>Find
+ Job</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ menu item. Select the desired job in the search results and click the <guilabel>View
+ Invoices</guilabel> button. A window listing bills and credit notes associated with this job
+ appears. Select a bill or credit note and click the <guilabel>View Invoice</guilabel> button
+ to open a bill editor in the main application window.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-ap-payment1">
+ <title>Process Payment</title>
+
+ <para>Eventually, you need to pay your bills. To do so, use the Process Payment application found in
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Business</guimenu><guisubmenu>Vendor</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Process
+ Payment</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ .
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Below is the &app; Accounts Payable payment window.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Process Payment To Vendor</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-ap-payment">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_ap_payment.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="bus_payroll">
+ <title>Payroll</title>
+
+ <para>Payroll is a financial record of wages, net pay, paid vacations, and deductions for an employee.
+ This section demonstrates how to track payroll using &app;.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-payroll-concepts">
+ <title>Basic Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>Payroll is a financial record of wages, net pay, paid vacations, and deductions for an employee.
+ Basically, anything that relates to giving money or benefits to an employee. Payroll is one
+ of the more complex tasks in accounting, because there are many different accounts, people,
+ and agencies involved in paying salaries.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Payroll is typically accounted for as an expense. Sometimes accountants <quote>store</quote> some
+ payroll expenses in a short term liability account. This is useful for things such as
+ payroll taxes, which may be paid at a different time than the employee. The employee might
+ get paid biweekly, while taxes are paid quarterly. This chapter presents a methodology which
+ expenses payroll immediately for salaries, but stores taxes in liability accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>&app; does not have an integrated payroll system. While you can track payroll expenses in &app;, the
+ calculation of taxes and deductions has to be done outside of &app;.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-payroll-acct">
+ <title>Account Setup</title>
+
+ <para>Local tax law must be considered when setting up accounts. Because there are many different ways
+ payroll taxes are handled throughout the world, this section presents a very simple
+ structure. From this, you should be able to adapt your particular payroll deductions setup.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Assume that you must pay 2 taxes, Tax1 and Tax2, and that each has an employee contribution and an
+ employer contribution.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The employee’s salary and these two taxes are expense accounts. The tax components are
+ liability accounts. The tax liability accounts are where you accumulate the taxes withheld
+ for all of your employees. The taxes are later paid to the appropriate government agency.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><screen>Simple Payroll Account Layout:
+
+-Assets
+--Checking
+-Liabilities
+--Tax1 (short term <quote>storage</quote> account)
+--Tax2 (short term <quote>storage</quote> account)
+-Expenses
+--Salaries
+--Tax1
+--Tax2</screen>
+ <note>
+ <para>Resist the temptation to create per-employee sub-accounts to track individual salaries. Creating a
+ sub-account for each employee leads to unmanageably large lists of accounts. Imagine the
+ account structure after a few years of employees coming and going. It is much simpler to
+ keep all of your employees’ payroll records within a single account
+ (<emphasis>Expenses:Salaries</emphasis> for example) and use reports to view
+ per-employee information.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The Transaction report can be used to sort and total by description or memo (but not by part of
+ them).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To report salary transactions for a specific employee where the employee name or code is entered in
+ the transaction description or memo, use the <guilabel>Find Transaction</guilabel>
+ assistant (
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Find</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ ) to select the transactions, and then report on them using
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Reports</guimenu><guimenuitem>Account Report </guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ . Further formatting or analysis may be done by copying and pasting the report into a
+ spreadsheet. See <ulink url="&url-docs-C;help/tool-find.html?tool-find-txn">Find
+ Transaction</ulink> in the &app; Manual.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-payroll-protocol">
+ <title>Payroll Protocol Sample</title>
+
+ <para>&app; does not have an integrated payroll system. &app; can track your payroll expenses, but you
+ need to develop a payroll protocol and perform the calculations outside of &app;, in a
+ spreadsheet for example. In this section, one such protocol is presented. You can use the
+ sample protocol as a model.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-pay-protocol-1">
+ <title>Step 1: Deductions list</title>
+
+ <para>The first step to the payroll protocol is to create a list of all the possible taxes and deductions
+ for each employee. Each entry should include definitions and formulas for calculating each
+ value. Once the protocol is established it needs to be changed only when payroll laws or
+ tax rates change.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In the proposed scenario, such a list would look like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>E_GROSS_SALARY</emphasis> - Employee gross salary
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>E_TAX1</emphasis> - Employee contribution to tax1 (X% of E_GROSS_SALARY)
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>E_TAX2</emphasis> - Employee contribution to tax2 (X% of E_GROSS_SALARY)
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>C_TAX1</emphasis> - Company contribution to tax1 (X% of E_GROSS_SALARY)
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>C_TAX2</emphasis> - Company contribution to tax2 (X% of E_GROSS_SALARY)
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>The employee’s net salary (E_NET_SALARY) is defined as E_GROSS_SALARY - E_TAX1 - E_TAX2 and
+ need not be placed in this list since it is composed of items that already exist.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>Place the actual formulas for calculating each deduction in this list. Sometimes these formulas are
+ quite complex, and sometimes they simply say "look it up in table XYZ of the tax codes".
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Notice that you can calculate some interesting values using the above definitions. One such value is
+ the total cost to the company: E_GROSS_SALARY + C_TAX1 + C_TAX2.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-pay-protocol-2">
+ <title>Step 2: Create the Transaction Map</title>
+
+ <para>When you record payroll in &app;, do so with a single split transaction. This split transaction
+ populates the appropriate expense and liability accounts. If you need to look the payroll
+ details at a later time, open the split transaction.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>With the deductions list from above, an employee split transaction map can be generated. Each of the
+ items in the list is mapped to a &app; account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table id="bus-payroll-txn-tbl">
+ <title>Payroll Transaction Map</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Account
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Increase
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Decrease
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Checking
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ E_NET_SALARY
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Salaries
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ E_GROSS_SALARY
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liabilities:Tax1
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ E_TAX1
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liabilities:Tax2
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ E_TAX2
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Tax1
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ C_TAX1
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liabilities:Tax1
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ C_TAX1
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Tax2
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ C_TAX2
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liabilities:Tax2
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ C_TAX2
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Note that the C_TAX1 and C_TAX2 components have entries in the both the liability and expense
+ accounts. The company component of each tax is expensed at the time of payroll, but
+ remains a liability until taxes are due.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-pay-protocol-3">
+ <title>Step 3: Pay the Employee</title>
+
+ <para>Go to the account from which the employee will be paid, for example your
+ <emphasis>Assets:Checking</emphasis> account. Open a split transaction and enter the real
+ values using the Transaction Map above as a guide. Repeat this for all employees.
+ </para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>This manual process is tedious, especially if you have a large number of employees.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>One &app; tool you certainly want use when entering employee payroll is duplicate transaction (use
+ the <guibutton>Duplicate</guibutton> <emphasis>Toolbar</emphasis> button). This saves
+ you from having to enter all the transaction splits for each employee. You still need to
+ change the amounts of money to match each employee’s real payroll values, but you
+ will not have to build the split for each employee.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If payroll transactions do not change significantly every pay period, you can also use the duplicate
+ transaction feature to duplicate each employee’s most recent payroll transaction
+ for the current pay period. If you find you are doing so all the time, read about the
+ Schedule Transactions feature and save even more time!
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="bus-pay-protocol-4">
+ <title>Step 4: Pay the Government</title>
+
+ <para>The final thing to do is to pay the taxes to the government. The liability accounts have been
+ collecting the taxes for various government agencies, and periodically you need to send a
+ check to the government to pay this charge. To do so, you simply enter a 2 account
+ transaction in (for example) your checking account to pay off the tax liability. The
+ transaction is between the checking account and the liability account, no expense account
+ is involved. The expense accounts are charged at the time the tax liability is recorded.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="bus-payroll-example">
+ <title>Business Payroll Example</title>
+
+ <para>Using the account setup seen previously, let’s go through an example. Assume that there are 2
+ employees (E1 and E2) who each earn $1000 per month gross salary. The employee contribution
+ to Tax1 and Tax2 are 10% and 5% respectively. The company contribution to Tax1 and Tax2 are
+ 15% and 10% each on top of the employee’s gross salary.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Starting with $50k in the bank, and before doing any payroll, the account hierarchy looks like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Payroll Example: Initial Setup</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-pay-ex1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_pay_ex1.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The deductions list for employee 1 are:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>E_GROSS_SALARY</emphasis> - Employee gross salary - <emphasis>$1000</emphasis>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>E_TAX1</emphasis> - Employee contribution to tax1 - <emphasis>$100</emphasis> (10% of
+ E_GROSS_SALARY)
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>E_TAX2</emphasis> - Employee contribution to tax2 - <emphasis>$50</emphasis> (5% of
+ E_GROSS_SALARY)
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>C_TAX1</emphasis> - Company contribution to tax1 - <emphasis>$150</emphasis> (15% of
+ E_GROSS_SALARY)
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>C_TAX2</emphasis> - Company contribution to tax2 - <emphasis>$100</emphasis> (10% of
+ E_GROSS_SALARY)
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para><table id="bus-payroll-txn-empl-tbl">
+ <title>Payroll Transaction Map for Employee 1</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Account
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Increase
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Decrease
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Checking
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $850 (E_NET_SALARY)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Salaries
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $1000 (E_GROSS_SALARY)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liabilities:Tax1
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $100 (E_TAX1)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liabilities:Tax2
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $50 (E_TAX2)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Tax1
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $150 (C_TAX1)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liabilities:Tax1
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $150 (C_TAX1)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Tax2
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $100 (C_TAX2)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liabilities:Tax2
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $100 (C_TAX2)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>From the checking account, enter the split transaction for employee 1. It should look like this:
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>Payroll Example: Employee Split Transaction</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-pay-ex2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_pay_ex2.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>The Split Transaction for Employee 1
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>When paying employees, enter only the employee name in the Description area. If you decide to use
+ &app;’s check printing capabilities, the check is automatically made out to the
+ correct employee. If you want to record other information in the transaction besides the
+ employee name, use the Notes area, available when viewing the Register in double-line
+ mode.
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>Repeat this for the second employee, which leaves the account hierarchy looking like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Payroll Example: Accounts After Salaries Paid</title>
+<screenshot id="bus-pay-ex3">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_pay_ex3.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Now, you will enter the company contributions. The <emphasis>Liabilities:Tax1</emphasis> and
+ <emphasis>Liabilities:Tax2</emphasis> accounts track how much you must pay to the government
+ for each tax type. When it is time to pay these agencies, you will make a transaction from
+ the checking account to these liability accounts. No expense accounts are involved. The main
+ account will then appear like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Payroll Example: Accounts After Paying Government</title>
+ <screenshot id="bus-pay-ex4">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/bus_pay_ex4.png"
+ srccredit="Patrick Schweiger"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_capgain.xml b/zh/guide/ch_capgain.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2705c163
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_capgain.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,616 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!-- (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: July 9th 2006
+ Maintainers:
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
+ Originally designed by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_capgain">
+ <title>Capital Gains</title>
+
+ <para>This chapter will present some of the techniques used to keep track of the unrealized and realized
+ gains and losses, better known as capital gains and losses.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="capgain_concepts1">
+ <title>Basic Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>This chapter will present some of the techniques used to keep track of the unrealized and realized
+ gains and losses, better known as capital gains and losses.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Certain resellable assets can change value over time, such as stocks, bonds, houses, or cars. Some
+ assets could increase in value, some could decrease in value. It is
+ important to be able to track some of these time-dependent asset valuations, this chapter will
+ show you how.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Probably everything you own will increase or decrease in value over time. So, the question is for
+ which of these assets should you track this changing value? The simple answer is that you only
+ need to track this for items which could be sold for cash in the future or which relate to
+ taxation.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Consumable and disposable items (for example, food, gas for your car, or printer paper) are obviously not
+ involved. Thus, even though the new clothes you recently bought will certainly depreciate, you
+ would not want to track this depreciation since you have no intention of reselling the clothes
+ and there is no tax implications to the depreciation on clothing. So, for this example, the
+ purchase of new clothes should be recorded as a pure expense... you spent the money, and it is
+ gone.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Asset appreciation occurs when something you own increases in value over time. When you own an asset
+ which has increased in value, the difference between the original purchase price and the new
+ value is known as <emphasis>unrealized gains</emphasis>. When you sell the asset, the profit
+ you earn is known as <emphasis>realized gains</emphasis> or <emphasis>capital
+ gains</emphasis>. An example of an asset from which you could have unrealized gains, and
+ eventually capital gains, is stock in a publicly traded company.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="capgain_value1">
+ <title>Estimating Valuation</title>
+
+ <para>As mentioned in the introduction to this chapter, capital gains are the profits received from the
+ sale of an asset. This section will describe how to record capital gains in &app;.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The accounting methods for handling asset appreciation differs somewhat from depreciation because
+ typically you are only concerned with the moment you sell the asset and realize the capital
+ gains. This is opposed to the continuous nature of tracking depreciation. Capital gains are an
+ important subject in the world of taxation, because governments tend to be quite interested in
+ taxing capital gains in one manner or another.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>As always, there are exceptions. If you hold a bond that pays all of its interest at maturity, tax
+ authorities often require that you recognize interest each year, and refuse this to be
+ treated as a capital gain. Consult the appropriate tax codes to determine the preferred
+ treatment for each type of asset you have which may be affected by capital gains taxes.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>Estimating the increasing value of assets is generally not simple, because often it is difficult to
+ know its exact value until the moment it is sold.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Securities traded daily on open markets such as stock exchanges are possibly the easiest type of
+ asset to predict the value of, and selling the asset at market prices may be as simple as
+ calling a broker and issuing a Market Order. On the other hand, estimating the value of a
+ house is more difficult. Homes are sold less often than stocks, and the sales tend to involve
+ expending considerable effort and negotiations, which means that estimates are likely to be
+ less precise. Similarly, selling a used automobile involves a negotiation process that makes
+ pricing a bit less predictable.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Values of collectible objects such as jewelry, works of art, baseball cards, and <quote>Beanie
+ Babies</quote> are even harder to estimate. The markets for such objects are much less open
+ than the securities markets and less open than the housing market. Worse still are
+ one-of-a-kind assets. Factories often contain presses and dies customized to build a very
+ specific product that cost tens or hundreds of thousands of dollars; this equipment may be
+ worthless outside of that very specific context. In such cases, several conflicting values
+ might be attached to the asset, none of them unambiguously correct.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The general rule of thumb in accounting for estimating unrealized gains (or loses) is that you
+ should only revalue assets such as stocks which are readily sellable and for which there are
+ very good estimates of the value. For all other assets, it is better to simply wait until you
+ sell them, at which time you can exactly determine the capital gains. Of course, there is no
+ hard rule on this, and in fact different accountants may prefer to do this differently.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="capgain_accounts1">
+ <title>Account Setup</title>
+
+ <important>
+ <para>
+ In the next few sections, unrealized gain accounts are created, and the estimated unrealized gain transactions
+ are recorded there in order for users to understand unrealized gain easily. However, it is not necessary
+ to record unrealized gains unless large corporations like which adopt IFRS in actual accounting.
+ The small enterprise users, who are using &app;, should not record unrealized gains. Record into &app;
+ only when realized gains are fixed.
+ </para>
+ </important>
+
+ <para>As with most accounting practices, there are a number of different ways to setup capital gains
+ accounts. We will present here a general method which should be flexible enough to handle most
+ situations. The first account you will need is an asset <emphasis>Cost</emphasis> account
+ (&app; account type <guilabel>Asset</guilabel>), which is simply a place where you record the
+ original purchase of the asset. Usually this purchase is accomplished by a transaction from
+ your bank account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In order to keep track of the appreciation of the asset, you will need three accounts. The first is
+ an <emphasis>Unrealized Gains</emphasis> asset account in which to collect the sum of all of
+ the appreciation amounts. The <emphasis>Unrealized Gains</emphasis> asset account is balanced
+ by a <emphasis>Unrealized Gains</emphasis> income account, in which all periodic appreciation
+ income is recorded. Finally, another income account is necessary, called a <emphasis>Realized
+ Gains</emphasis> in which you record the actual capital gains upon selling the asset.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Below is a generic account hierarchy for tracking the appreciation of 2 assets,
+ <emphasis>ITEM1</emphasis> and <emphasis>ITEM2</emphasis>. The <emphasis>Assets:Fixed
+ Assets:ITEM1:Cost</emphasis> accounts are balanced by the <emphasis>Assets:Current
+ Assets:Savings</emphasis> account, the <emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:ITEM1:Unrealized
+ Gains</emphasis> accounts are balanced by the <emphasis>Income:Unrealized Gains</emphasis>
+ account (similar for <emphasis>ITEM2</emphasis>).
+ </para>
+<screen>
+-Assets
+ -Current Assets
+ -Savings
+ -Fixed Assets
+ -ITEM1
+ -Cost
+ -Unrealized Gains
+ -ITEM2
+ -Cost
+ -Unrealized Gains
+-Income
+ -Realized Gains
+ -Unrealized Gains</screen>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="capgain_example1">
+ <title>Example</title>
+
+ <para>Let’s suppose you buy an asset expected to increase in value, say a Degas painting, and want
+ to track this. (The insurance company will care about this, even if nobody else does.)
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Start with an account hierarchy similar to that shown in <xref
+ linkend="capgain_accounts1" />,
+ but replace <emphasis>ITEM1</emphasis> with <emphasis>Degas</emphasis> and remove the
+ <emphasis>ITEM2</emphasis> accounts. We will assume that the Degas painting had an initial value of
+ one hundred thousand dollars. Begin by giving your self $100,000 in the bank and then
+ transferring that from your bank account to your <emphasis>Assets:Fixed
+ Assets:Degas:Cost</emphasis> account (the asset purchase transaction). You should now have a
+ main account window which appears like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Asset Appreciation Main Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="capgain_appmain">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/capgain_appmain.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>The asset appreciation example main window
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+
+ <sect2 id="capgain_exampleunrealized2">
+ <title>Unrealized Gains</title>
+
+ <para>A month later, you have reason to suspect that the value of your painting has increased by $10,000
+ (an unrealized gain). In order to record this you transfer $10,000 from your
+ <emphasis>Income:Unrealized Gains</emphasis> account to your <emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas:Unrealized Gains</emphasis> account.
+ Your main window will resemble this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Asset Appreciation Main Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="capgain_app2main">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/capgain_app2main.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Chart of Accounts after unrealized gain
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="capgain_examplesell2">
+ <title>Selling</title>
+
+ <para>Let’s suppose another month later prices for Degas paintings have gone up some more, in this
+ case about $20,000, you estimate. You duly record the $20,000 as an unrealized income like
+ above, then decide to sell the painting.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Three possibilities arise. You may have <emphasis>accurately estimated</emphasis> the unrealized
+ gain, <emphasis>overestimated</emphasis> the unrealized gain, or
+ <emphasis>underestimated</emphasis> the unrealized gain.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Accurate estimation</emphasis> of unrealized gains.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Your optimistic estimate of the painting’s value was correct. First you must record that the
+ profits made are now realized gains, not unrealized gains. Do this by transferring the
+ income from the <emphasis>Income:Unrealized Gains</emphasis> to the
+ <emphasis>Income:Realized Gains</emphasis> account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Secondly, you must credit your bank account with the selling price of the painting. This money comes
+ directly from your <emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas</emphasis> sub-accounts. Transfer
+ the full <emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas:Cost</emphasis> value into
+ <emphasis>Assets:Current Assets:Savings</emphasis>, and the full
+ <emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas:Unrealized Gains</emphasis> into
+ <emphasis>Assets:Current Assets:Savings</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>These transactions should now appear as follows:
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Turning an Unrealized Gain into a Realized Gain - Accurate Estimation</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="4">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Transfer to</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Transaction Amount</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account Total</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Unrealized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Income:Realized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $30,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $0
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas:Cost
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Current Assets:Savings
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $100,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $0
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas:Unrealized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Current Assets:Savings
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $30,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $0
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This leaves the <emphasis>Assets:Current Assets:Savings</emphasis> account with a total of
+ $130,000 and <emphasis>Income:Realized Gains</emphasis> with a total of $30,000.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Asset Appreciation Main Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="capgain_app3main">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/capgain_app3main.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Chart of Accounts after realized gains
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Over estimation</emphasis> of unrealized gains.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You were over-optimistic about the value of the painting. Instead of the $130,000 you thought the
+ painting was worth you are only offered $120,000. But you still decide to sell, because
+ you value $120,000 more than you value the painting. The numbers change a little bit, but
+ not too dramatically.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The transactions should now appear as follows (observe the last transaction which balances the
+ <emphasis>Unrealized Gains</emphasis> account):
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Turning an Unrealized Gain into a Realized Gain - Over estimation</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="4">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Transfer to</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Transaction Amount</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account Total</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Unrealized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Income:Realized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $20,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $10,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas:Cost
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Current Assets:Savings
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $100,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $0
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas:Unrealized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Current Assets:Savings
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $20,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $10,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas:Unrealized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Income:Unrealized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $10,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $0
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This leaves the <emphasis>Assets:Current Assets:Savings</emphasis> account with a total of
+ $120,000 and <emphasis>Income:Realized Gains</emphasis> with a total of $20,000.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Under estimation</emphasis> of unrealized gains.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You manage to sell your painting for more than you thought in your wildest dreams ($150,000). The
+ extra value is, again, recorded as a gain, that is an income.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The transactions should now appear as follows (observe the last transaction which balances the
+ <emphasis>Unrealized Gains</emphasis> accounts):
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Turning an Unrealized Gain into a Realized Gain - Under estimation</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="4">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Transfer to</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Transaction Amount</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account Total</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Unrealized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Income:Realized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $50,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $-20,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas:Cost
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Current Assets:Savings
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $100,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $0
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas:Unrealized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Current Assets:Savings
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $50,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $-20,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Unrealized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:Degas:Unrealized Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $20,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $0
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This leaves the <emphasis>Assets:Current Assets:Savings</emphasis> account with a total of
+ $150,000 and <emphasis>Income:Realized Gains</emphasis> with a total of $50,000.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="capgain_tax1">
+ <title>Taxation</title>
+
+ <para>Taxation policies vary considerably between countries, so it is virtually impossible to say anything
+ that will be universally useful. However, it is common for income generated by capital gains
+ to not be subject to taxation until the date that the asset is actually sold, and sometimes
+ not even then. North American home owners usually find that when they sell personal
+ residences, capital gains that occur are exempt from taxation. It appears that other countries
+ treat sale of homes differently, taxing people on such gains. German authorities, for example,
+ tax those gains only if you owned the property for less than ten years.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Chris Browne has a story from his professional tax preparation days where a family sold a farm, and
+ expected a considerable tax bill that turned out to be virtually nil due to having owned the
+ property before 1971 (wherein lies a critical <quote>Valuation Day</quote> date in Canada) and
+ due to it being a dairy farm, with some really peculiar resulting deductions. The point of
+ this story is that while the presentation here is fairly simple, taxation often gets terribly
+ complicated...
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_cbook.xml b/zh/guide/ch_cbook.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d9007def
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_cbook.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,547 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: December 7th 2009
+ modified: July 9th 2006
+ Maintainers:
+ Alex Aycinena <alex.aycinena at gmail.com>
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
+ Originally written by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_cbook">
+ <title>Checkbook</title>
+
+ <para>This chapter will give you all the specific information you need to manage your checkbook with
+ &app;. Managing your checkbook register is the first step of tracking your finances, and &app;
+ makes it much easier to manage than the traditional paper register does.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For one thing, as discussed in <xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>, data entry of common
+ transactions is practically done for you in &app;, because of its auto-completion feature. &app;
+ keeps a running balance of each account, and it makes reconciling these accounts easy. And the
+ double-entry method helps you account for your spending by requiring a transfer account for
+ withdrawals, so you can easily find out how much money you spend in different areas.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Once you are comfortable with using &app; for your checking and other bank accounts, you may wish to
+ continue on with tracking other financial accounts. Chapters 6 through 9 examine methods to
+ manage your other accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="cbook-accounts1">
+ <title>Setting up Accounts</title>
+
+ <para>The first step in managing your checkbook is to set up the necessary accounts. You can either use
+ the default &app; accounts or set up your own. For more detail on how to set up a new account,
+ refer to <xref linkend="accts-examples-toplevel2"></xref>. For instructions on importing your
+ accounts from another program, refer to the &app; manual.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Let’s start with the bank accounts you’ll need. You need one &app; bank type account for
+ each physical bank account you wish to track. If you are setting up your own accounts or using
+ the default &app; accounts, make sure that you have an opening balance transaction for each
+ bank account you own. The easiest way to get this number is to use the balance from your last
+ bank statement as your opening balance. You can enter this in the account information window
+ automatically as part of the <guilabel>New Account Hierarchy Setup</guilabel> assistant, or
+ you can enter a manual transaction directly in the account. To enter the transaction manually,
+ enter a transfer from an <guilabel>Opening Balances</guilabel> account (type equity) to the
+ bank account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The typical bank accounts you might track include:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Checking - any institutional account that provides check-writing privileges.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Savings - an interest-bearing institutional account usually used to hold money for a longer term
+ than checking accounts.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>Common transactions that affect these bank accounts are payments and deposits.
+ <emphasis>Payments</emphasis> are transfers of money out of the bank account, usually to an
+ expense account. <emphasis>Deposits</emphasis> are transfers of money into the bank account,
+ usually from an income account. You will need to set up income and expense accounts to track
+ where that money comes from and where it goes. Remember that a balanced transaction requires a
+ transfer of an equal sum of money from at least one account to at least one other account. So
+ if you deposit money in your checking account, you must also enter the account that money
+ comes from. If you pay a bill from your checking account, you must also enter the account
+ where that money goes.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="cbook-deposits1">
+ <title>Entering Deposits</title>
+
+ <para>Most deposit transactions are entered as a transfer from an income account to a bank account. Income
+ may come from many sources, and it’s a good idea to set up a separate income type
+ account for each different source. For example, your income may come mainly from your
+ paychecks, but you may also receive interest on your savings. In this case, you should have
+ one income account for salary and another income account for interest income.
+ </para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>Be sure to check the Tax-Related box and assign an appropriate tax category in the Income Tax
+ Information Dialog (
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Tax Report Options</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ ) when you set up taxable income accounts. Some types of income, such as gift income, may
+ not be considered taxable, so check the appropriate tax rules to determine what is taxable.
+ For ways to track capital gains income, refer to <xref linkend="chapter_capgain"></xref>.
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>Before you start entering paycheck deposits, decide how much detail you want to track. The basic
+ level of detail is to enter your net pay, just like you would in your paper register. This is
+ easiest, but you can get even more information out of &app; if you enter your gross pay with
+ deductions. It takes a bit more effort to enter the deductions, but entering your tax
+ withholding information throughout the year allows you to run useful tax status reports in
+ &app; at any time. These reports can help you determine whether you are withholding enough
+ tax, and they can help you estimate your tax bill ahead of time. If you are unsure about the
+ level of detail, start by entering net pay. You can always go back and edit your transactions
+ later if you decide you want more detail.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="cbook-withdrawals1">
+ <title>Entering Withdrawals</title>
+
+ <para>When you withdraw money from your bank account, for whatever reason, you are transferring money from
+ your bank account to some other location. In &app;, this other location is tracked as an
+ account. The more detailed accounts you create and use for your spending, the more information
+ you will get about where your money goes.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Withdrawals take many forms. ATM withdrawals are one of the most common transactions. Writing checks
+ is one way to withdraw money to pay bills, to buy purchases, or to give to charity. Depending
+ on your bank, you might also have service charges, where the bank withdraws the money from
+ your account. Transfers of money out to another account are also withdrawals. We will take a
+ look at each of these types of withdrawals and how to record them in &app;.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="cbook-atm2">
+ <title>ATM/Cash Withdrawals</title>
+
+ <para>Cash withdrawals are handled as a transfer from a bank account to a cash account. &app; provides
+ special <emphasis>Cash</emphasis> type accounts for tracking your cash purchases, so you
+ should set up a cash account to record your ATM and other cash withdrawals.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Cash accounts can be used for different levels of detail. On a basic level of detail, you simply
+ transfer money to it from your checking account. That tells you how much money you took out
+ of checking on a given day, but it doesn’t tell you where that cash was spent. With a
+ little more effort, you can use the cash account to record your cash purchases as well, so
+ that you can see where that cash went. You record these purchases as a transfer from the
+ cash account to expense accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Some people record every cash purchase, but this takes a lot of work. An easier way is to record the
+ purchases for which you have receipts, but then adjust the balance of the account to match
+ what is in your wallet.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>It’s a good idea to at least set up a cash account for your withdrawals. Then if you decide to
+ track where your cash goes, you can enter transactions for the money you spend. You
+ determine what level of detail you want to use.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="cbook-reconacct1">
+ <title>Reconciling Your Accounts</title>
+
+ <para>&app; makes reconciliation of your bank account with your monthly bank statement much easier.
+ <xref linkend="txns-reconcile1"></xref> gives instructions on how to reconcile your
+ transactions with the monthly bank statement. This is the main reconciliation task that should
+ be done every month.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>But what about all those other accounts you created? Should those be reconciled too? If you receive
+ a statement for the account, then you should consider reconciling that account. Examples
+ include the checking account statement, the savings account statement, and the credit card
+ statement. Credit card statements and credit card transactions are covered in the
+ <xref linkend="chapter_cc"></xref>, so if you are interested in tracking your credit cards in
+ &app;, take a look at the instructions provided there.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Income and expense accounts are usually not reconciled, because there is no statement to check them
+ against. You also don’t need to reconcile cash accounts, for the same reason. With a
+ cash account, though, you might want to adjust the balance every once in a while, so that your
+ actual cash on hand matches the balance in your cash account. Adjusting balances is covered in
+ the next section.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="cbook-together1">
+ <title>Putting It All Together</title>
+
+ <para>In <xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>, you entered some transactions in your checking account. In
+ this chapter, we will add more transactions and then reconcile them.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="cbook-puttoget-open2">
+ <title>Opening Balances</title>
+
+ <para>So, let’s get started by opening the gcashdata file you saved in the last chapter
+ (<filename>gcashdata_4</filename>). Your chart of accounts should look like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Chart Of Accounts</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-gcashdata4">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_gcashdata4.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Chart of Accounts.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cbook-puttoget-transactions">
+ <title>Add some transactions</title>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Now open the <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account from the main window. In the last chapter, you
+ entered some paycheck transactions as deposits into Checking. Now we will enter another
+ kind of deposit - a transfer of money from Savings into Checking. On a blank line, enter
+ a transaction to transfer $500 from <emphasis>Savings</emphasis> to
+ <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> (In this case, the last transaction date was March 28, but
+ this transfer transaction took place on the March 24). Your Transfer account will be
+ <emphasis>Savings</emphasis>, since you are in the <emphasis>Checking</emphasis>
+ account. Your <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account should now look like this:
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Checking Account Register</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-transferin">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_transferin.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Checking Account Register.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Now let’s write some checks on this account. First, write a check to HomeTown Grocery for $75
+ (5th of March). Your transfer account is <emphasis>Groceries</emphasis>, since all of
+ this money is going to buy groceries. Next, write a check to ABC Hardware for $100 (6 of
+ March), and split this amount between two expenses: <emphasis>Household</emphasis> $50
+ and <emphasis>Tools</emphasis> $50. You will need to create an
+ <emphasis>Expense</emphasis> type account for each of these, then enter splits for them.
+ Your checking account should now look like this;
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Checking Account Register After Registering Some More Checks</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-checkexamp">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_checkexamp.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Checking Account Register after registering some more checks.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Suppose you now need to withdraw some money. You don’t have a cash account set up in your
+ chart of accounts, so you will need to create one. Create the account as
+ <guilabel>Cash</guilabel> as a top-level account of type <guilabel>Asset</guilabel>.
+ From your <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account register, enter an ATM type withdrawal
+ to transfer $100 from <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> to <emphasis>Cash</emphasis> on the
+ 25 of March.
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Checking Account Register With An ATM Withdrawal</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-atm">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_atm.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Checking Account Register with an ATM withdrawal.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cbook-puttoget-reconcile">
+ <title>Opening Balances</title>
+
+ <para>Now we are ready to reconcile this <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account, using this sample bank
+ statement:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>A sample Bank Statement</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-bankstmt">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_bankstmt.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows a sample Bank Statement.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Select
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Reconcile</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ from the menu, and fill in the Closing balance as $1451.79. Click
+ <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to begin reconciling the account. Check off the entries as
+ they appear on the sample statement. When you have checked off all your entries, the
+ reconcile window should look like this:
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Reconcile Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-reconexamp">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_reconexamp.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the reconcile window with a $5 difference.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Notice that your reconciled balance differs from your ending balance by $5.00. If you look at the
+ sample bank statement, you will see there is a $5.00 service charge that has not been
+ added to your <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>So click on the <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> register and add the $5.00 service charge to your
+ <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account. On a blank line of the
+ <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> register, enter a transaction to transfer $5.00 from
+ <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> to a <emphasis>Service Charges</emphasis> account. (You
+ will need to create the <emphasis>Service Charges</emphasis> account as type
+ <guilabel>Expense</guilabel>.) Use the transaction date printed on the sample statement
+ as the date you enter for this transaction. Your <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> account
+ should now look like this:
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Checking Account With Service Charge</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-servch">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_servch.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Checking Account Register with service charge added.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Click back on the Reconcile window, and you should see the service charge now under <guilabel>Funds
+ Out</guilabel>. Click on it to mark it as reconciled, and note that the difference
+ amount below now becomes 0.00. Click the <guibutton>Finish</guibutton> button on the
+ <emphasis>Toolbar</emphasis> to complete the reconciliation. The Reconcile R column in
+ your <emphasis>Checking</emphasis> register should now show <guilabel>y</guilabel> for
+ each transaction you just reconciled. Also observe the bottom status row that now
+ indicates <guilabel>Reconciled: USD 1451.79</guilabel>
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Reconciled Checking Account</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-reconciledCheckAct">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_reconciledCheckAct.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the reconciled Checking Account Register.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cbook-puttoget-save">
+ <title>Save file</title>
+
+ <para>Go back to the main window and save your file with the new <filename>gcashdata_5</filename> name.
+ Your chart of accounts is steadily growing, and it should now look like this:
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Chart of Accounts</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-chartaccts5">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_chartaccts5.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Chart of Accounts.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cbook-puttoget-reports">
+ <title>Reports</title>
+
+ <para>As we did in the previous chapter, let’s have a look at a <guilabel>Cash Flow</guilabel>, and
+ a <guilabel>Transaction</guilabel> Report.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>First let’s have a look at the <guilabel>Cash Flow</guilabel> report for the month of March.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Select the cash flow report from
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Reports</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Income & Expense</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>Cash Flow</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ .
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Cash Flow report for the month of March</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-puttoget2-Cash">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_CashFlow.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Cash Flow report after <xref linkend="chapter_cbook"></xref>.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Now let’s have a look at corresponding transaction report for the various Asset accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Select the transaction report from
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Reports</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Transaction Report</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ .
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Transaction Report For The Assets During March</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-puttoget2-TransactionRptChecking">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_TransactionRptAssets.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Transaction Report for the Assets accounts during March.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Now let’s change the transaction report to only show the various <emphasis>Expenses</emphasis>
+ account.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Transaction Report For The Expenses During March</title>
+ <screenshot id="cbook-puttoget2-TransactionRptExpenses">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cbook_TransactionRptExpenses.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Transaction Report for the various Expense accounts during March.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>Notice that you have not yet used one of the accounts listed in your chart, the <guilabel>Credit
+ Card</guilabel> account. Now that you know how to keep track of your bank and cash accounts
+ in &app;, you may want to start tracking your credit cards as well. &app; provides a special
+ type of account for credit cards, and this is discussed in the next chapter.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_cc.xml b/zh/guide/ch_cc.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..17852a21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_cc.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,598 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!-- (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: July 9th 2006
+ Maintainers:
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
+ Originally written by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_cc">
+ <title>Credit Cards</title>
+
+ <para>This chapter will show you how to manage your credit cards using &app;.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="cc-concepts1">
+ <title>Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>Since you probably write a check or make an electronic payment to the credit card company each
+ month, you may think of your credit card bill as an expense - but it really is not an expense.
+ Why? A credit card account is a short-term loan - you buy things on that loan account, and
+ then you eventually have to pay back the money, often with interest (your finance charge). The
+ purchases you make with that credit card are your expenses.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You have a couple of options when entering credit card transactions, so choose the one that fits
+ your desired level of detail. The simplest method is to simply track monthly payments to the
+ credit card company. From your bank account, you enter a transfer of money each month to the
+ credit card expense account. This will show you the amount of money you are paying each month
+ to the credit card company, but it won’t show you any information about your credit card
+ balance or credit card purchases.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>A more complete way to track your credit card in &app; is to enter each purchase and payment as a
+ separate transaction. Using the credit card account register, you enter your receipts
+ throughout the month. When your credit card statement arrives, you reconcile the credit card
+ account to the statement, and you enter your payment as a transfer of money from your checking
+ account to your credit card account. This method gives you more information about your balance
+ during the month and points out any discrepancies during reconciliation, but you will have to
+ do more data entry.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="cc-accounts1">
+ <title>Setting Up Accounts</title>
+
+ <para>To begin managing your credit cards in &app;, you should set up a <guilabel>Liability</guilabel> top
+ level account and under this parent account create credit card type accounts for each credit
+ card you use. If you are tracking only the payments you make to the credit card company, then
+ all you need is a bank account and a credit card account to enter your transactions.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The charges you make on your credit card are expenses, so you will have to set up these accounts
+ under the top-level account called <guilabel>Expenses</guilabel>. If you decide to keep a more
+ detailed records of your purchases, you will need to create expense accounts for each kind of
+ purchase you make. Since you will also be reconciling the balance to your credit card
+ statements, you should also enter an opening balance in each credit card account. The easiest
+ way to do this is to use your last statement balance as the opening balance.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="cc-accounts-simple2">
+ <title>Simple Setup</title>
+
+ <para>If you do not want to track each expense made on the credit card, you can set up a simple account
+ hierarchy like this:
+ </para>
+<screen>
+-Assets
+ -Bank
+-Liabilities
+ -Credit Card
+-Expenses
+ -Credit Card</screen>
+ <para>In this example, if you enter your total amount charged per month as a transaction between
+ <emphasis>Liabilities:Credit Card</emphasis> and <emphasis>Expenses:Credit Card</emphasis>.
+ When you make a payment, you would enter a transaction between
+ <emphasis>Assets:Bank</emphasis> and <emphasis>Liabilities:Credit Card</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The obvious limitation of this simple credit card setup is that you cannot see where your money is
+ going. All your credit card expenses are being entered in the Credit Card expense account.
+ This is, however, very simple to set up and maintain.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cc-accounts-complete2">
+ <title>Complete Setup</title>
+
+ <para>If you want to track your expenses more completely, you should set up multiple expense accounts
+ named for the various kinds of expenses you have. Each charge on your credit card is then
+ entered as a separate transaction between your Credit Card liability account and a specific
+ expense account. Below is an example of an account hierarchy for this:
+ </para>
+<screen>
+-Assets
+ -Bank
+-Liabilities
+ -Credit Card
+-Expenses
+ -Food
+ -Car
+ -Clothes
+ -Entertainment
+ -Interest
+ -Service</screen>
+ <para>Clearly, you should enter specific expense accounts which fit your spending habits. The only
+ difference with this setup as compared to the simple setup is that the expenses have been
+ subdivided by groups. Also notice that there is an <quote>Interest</quote> expense, this is
+ used for when your credit card charges interest on your monthly unpaid balance. The
+ <quote>Service</quote> expense account is used to track service expenses associated with the
+ credit card, such as the yearly usage fee if it exists. With this setup, you will be able to
+ see where your money goes every month, grouped according to the expense accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The rest of this chapter will assume you are using the complete setup.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="cc-entercharge1">
+ <title>Entering Charges</title>
+
+ <para>Entering your charges provides you with a more complete picture of your spending habits. Charges on
+ a credit card are tracked as a transaction between the credit card liability account and the
+ appropriate expense account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>When you pay for goods or services with your credit card, you are telling the credit card company to
+ pay the merchant for you. This transaction will increase the amount of money you owe the
+ credit card company, and the credit card balance will increase. The other side of these
+ transactions will in most cases be an expense account. For example, if you buy clothing from a
+ store with your credit card for $50, you would be transferring that money from the credit
+ account into Expenses:Clothing.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Entering these transactions into &app; allows you to track how much you owe the credit card company,
+ as well as provides you a better picture of your overall accounts. It also allows you to
+ monitor your account and ensure that fraud is avoided.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Adding transactions to a credit card account is similar to entering transactions in other accounts.
+ You can enter them manually, or import them from your credit card company using a compatible
+ import format.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For assistance with entering transactions, see Chapter 6 of the &app; Manual and
+ <xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="cc-enterpay1">
+ <title>Entering Payments</title>
+
+ <para>Most payments to your credit card bill are entered as transfers from a bank account (asset) to the
+ credit card account (liability). When you pay the monthly bill, you are withdrawing money from
+ a bank account to pay down the credit card balance. This transaction decreases both your bank
+ account balance and the amount of credit card debt you owe.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>When you return a purchase, you receive a refund on your credit card. This is another type of
+ payment in that it decreases the amount of credit card debt you owe. If you recorded the
+ original purchase transaction as a transfer from the credit card account to the expense, you
+ now simply reverse that transaction: transfer the money back from the expense to the credit
+ card account. This transaction decreases both the expense account balance and the credit card
+ account balance. For example, if you originally recorded a credit card purchase of clothing,
+ the transaction is a transfer from the credit card account to the clothing expense account. If
+ you then return that clothing for a refund, you simply transfer the money back from the
+ clothing expense account to the credit card account.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>A common mistake is to enter a refund as income. It is not income, but rather a <quote>negative
+ expense</quote>. That is why you must transfer money from the expense account to your credit
+ card when you receive a refund.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>To clarify this, let’s run through an example. You bought some jeans for $74.99 on your VISA
+ card, but realized one day later that they are too big and want to return them. The shop
+ gracefully agrees, and refunds your credit card.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Start with opening the previous datafile we stored (<filename>gcashdata_5</filename>), and store it
+ as <filename>gcashdata_6</filename>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Open the <emphasis>Liabilities:Visa</emphasis> account register and enter a simple 2 account
+ transaction to pay the $74.99 jeans purchase. The <guilabel>Transfer</guilabel> account
+ should be <emphasis>Expenses:Clothes</emphasis> and you <guilabel>Charge</guilabel> your
+ <emphasis>Visa</emphasis> account with the $74.99.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Since we had not created the <emphasis>Expenses:Clothes</emphasis> account previously, &app; will
+ prompt us to create it. Just remember to create it as an <guilabel>Expense</guilabel>
+ account
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Enter the refund in one of the following way.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Enter the same transaction as the purchase transaction, but instead of a <quote>Charge</quote>
+ amount, use a <quote>Payment</quote> amount in the Credit Card account register.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Select the purchase transaction you want to refund (that is the Jeans transaction in our case), and
+ selecting
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Transaction</guimenu><guisubmenu>Add Reversing Transaction</guisubmenu>
+ </menuchoice>
+ . Modify the date as needed.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>After reversing the transaction, your credit card account should look something like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Credit Card account after reversing a purchase</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-Reversing-Transaction-1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_1.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows <emphasis>Liability:Credit Card</emphasis> - Register after reversing a purchase
+ transaction.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>And the <emphasis>Expenses:Clothes</emphasis> register should look something like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Expenses account after reversing a purchase</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-Reversing-Transaction-2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_2.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows <emphasis>Expenses:Clothes</emphasis> register after reversing a purchase
+ transaction.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Save the &app; data file.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="cc-together1">
+ <title>Putting It All Together</title>
+
+ <para>Now that we have covered the basic ideas behind the various transactions you must make to
+ successfully track your credit card in &app;, let’s go through an example. In this
+ example, we will make credit card purchases, refund two of the purchases, get charged interest
+ on the unpaid balance, reconcile the credit card account, and finally make a partial payoff of
+ the credit card.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="cc-puttoget-openfile">
+ <title>Open &app; file</title>
+
+ <para>Start with opening the previous datafile we stored, <filename>gcashdata_5</filename>, and store it
+ as <filename>gcashdata_6</filename> directly. The main window should look something like
+ this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Starting account structure for tracking a credit card</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-accounts">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_accounts.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Starting account structure for tracking a credit card in the putting it all together example.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cc-together-purchases2">
+ <title>Purchases</title>
+
+ <para>Let’s make some purchases on our visa card. Start by buying $25 worth of food from the Greasy
+ Spoon Cafe, $100 worth of clothing from Faux Pas Fashions, $25 worth of gasoline from
+ Premium Gasoline, $125 worth of groceries and household items from Groceries R Us (split
+ between $85 in groceries and $40 in household items) and finally, $60 worth of household
+ items from CheapMart.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>We also redo the exercise in previous chapter, with purchasing a pair of Jeans for $74.99 on April
+ 3, and refund them two days later.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The register window for the credit card liability should look like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Initial credit card purchases</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-purchases">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_purchases.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Initial credit card purchases.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cc-together-refund2">
+ <title>Refund</title>
+
+ <para>Now suppose that on April 15th you return the clothes you bought on April 11th from Faux Pas
+ Fashions and they give you credit back on your credit card. Enter a transaction for the
+ credit card refund for the full $100 amount. Remember to use the same transfer account you
+ used for the original purchase, and enter the amount under the Payment column. &app; will
+ automatically complete the name and transfer account for you, but it will also automatically
+ enter the $100 in the Charge column. You will need to reenter the amount in the Payment
+ column. The transaction looks like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Item return transaction refunded to credit card</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-refund">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_refund.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Returning clothes to Faux Pas Fashions, refund to credit card.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cc-together-interest2">
+ <title>Interest Charge</title>
+
+ <para>After the month of spending, unfortunately, the credit card bill arrives in the mail or you access
+ it on-line through the internet. You have been charged $20 in interest on the last day of
+ April because of the balance you carried from the previous month. This gets entered into the
+ credit card account as an expense.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Interest charge on the Credit Card</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-interest">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_interest.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Interest charge.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cc-together-reconcile2">
+ <title>Reconciliation</title>
+
+ <para>When your credit card bill arrives you should reconcile your credit card account to this document.
+ This is done using &app;’s built-in reconciliation application. Highlight the credit
+ card account and click on
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Reconcile...</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ . This reconciliation procedure is described in detail in the
+ <xref linkend="txns-reconcile1"></xref>, but we will step through the process here as well.
+ For this example, let’s assume that the credit card statement is dated May 1st, with a
+ final balance of $455. Enter these values in to the initial Reconcile window as shown here.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Initial Reconciliation Window For The Credit Card</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-reconcile-init">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_reconcile_init.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>During the reconciliation process, you check off each transaction in the account as you confirm that
+ the transaction appears in both your &app; account and the credit card statement. For this
+ example, as shown in the figure below, there is a $300 difference between your &app;
+ accounts and the credit card statement.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Main Reconciliation Window With A Discrepancy</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-reconcile">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_reconcile.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Main account reconciliation window, demonstrating a discrepancy of $300.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Some investigation uncovers that you forgot to record a payment you made on March 5th to the credit
+ card company for $300, you must enter this payment transaction from your bank account to the
+ credit card. Now the credit card statement and your &app; account can be reconciled, with a
+ balance of $455.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cc-together-payment2">
+ <title>Payment</title>
+
+ <para>Assuming you have completed reconciliation of your credit card account, you need to make a payment
+ to the credit card company. In this example, we owe $455 but will make a partial payment of
+ $300 again this month. To do so, enter a transaction from your bank account to the credit
+ card account for $300, which should reduce your credit card balance to $155. Your credit
+ card account register should now appear like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Credit Card Account After Reconciliation And Payment</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-payment">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_payment.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Account register after reconciliation and payment.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Go back to the main window and save your file (<filename>gcashdata_6</filename>). Your chart of
+ accounts is steadily growing, and it should now look like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Chart of Accounts After Account Reconciliation And Payment</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-final">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_final.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cc-puttoget-save">
+ <title>Save file</title>
+
+ <para>Last, save the &app; data file (<filename>gcashdata_6</filename>).
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cc-puttoget-reports">
+ <title>Reports</title>
+
+ <para>As we did in the previous chapters, let’s have a look at a <guilabel>Cash Flow</guilabel>, and
+ a <guilabel>Transaction</guilabel> Report.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>First let’s have a look at the <guilabel>Cash Flow</guilabel> report for the liability account
+ <guilabel>Visa</guilabel> during the month of March.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Select the cash flow report from
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Reports</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Income & Expense</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>Cash Flow</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ .
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Cash Flow report for the month of March</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-puttoget2-Cash">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_CashFlow.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Cash Flow report after <xref linkend="chapter_cc"></xref>.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Now let’s have a look at corresponding transaction report for the Visa account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Select the transaction report from
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Reports</guimenu><guimenuitem>Transaction Report</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Transaction Report for the Visa account during March/April</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-puttoget2-TransactionRptVisa">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_TransactionRptVisa.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Transaction Report for the Visa account during March/April.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Now let’s change the transaction report to only show the various Expenses accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Transaction Report for the Expenses accounts during April</title>
+ <screenshot id="cc-puttoget2-TransactionRptExpenses">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/cc_TransactionRptExpenses.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image shows the Transaction Report for the various Expense accounts during April.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_configuring.xml b/zh/guide/ch_configuring.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..53044c03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_configuring.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: December 7th 2009
+ modified: July 9th 2006
+ Maintainers:
+ Author:
+
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_configuring">
+ <title>Configuring &app;</title>
+
+ <para>This chapter will detail preference settings for &app;.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="configuring-overview">
+ <title>Overview</title>
+
+ <para>Configuring is fun.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="configuring-screens">
+ <title>Main Configuration Screens</title>
+
+ <para>&app; stores settings in two main locations.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="configuring-preferences-accounting-period">
+ <title>Preferences: Accounting Period Tab</title>
+
+ <para>Stuff about the Accounting Period tab
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="configuring-preferences-accounts">
+ <title>Preferences: Accounts Tab</title>
+
+ <para>Stuff about the Accounts tab. Need this stub for the link in The Basics. More later.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="configuring-preferences-online-banking">
+ <title>Preferences: Online Banking</title>
+
+ <para>Stuff about the Accounts tab. Need this stub for the link in The Basics. More later.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_currency.xml b/zh/guide/ch_currency.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c598077a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_currency.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1345 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!-- (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.6.15
+ Last modified: December 6, 2016
+ Maintainers:
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
+ Updated Geert Janssens <janssens-geert at telenet.be>
+ Revised David T. <sunfish62 at yahoo.com>
+ Revised 2020: David Cousens <davidcousens at bigpond.com>
+ Originally designed by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_currency">
+ <title>Multiple Currencies</title>
+
+ <para>This chapter will show how to set up &app; accounts to use multiple currencies.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="currency_concepts1">
+ <title>Basic Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>&app; supports over a hundred currencies, from the Andorran Franc to the Zimbabwe Dollar. For
+ example, you can have a bank account set up in Euros, and another using Hong Kong Dollars.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Some of the issues which arise when using multiple currencies are as follows:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><simpara>How do you transfer funds between accounts with different currencies?</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>How do you calculate the overall value when you have mixed currency accounts?</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>How do reports deal with mixed currencies?</simpara></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You can either deal with multiple currencies using manually entered transactions to record currency
+ gains and losses as described in <xref linkend="currency_manual" /> or you can utilize
+ currency trading accounts introduced with &app; version 2.3.14 to automatically record the
+ gains and losses on transactions between currencies as described in the subsequent section.
+ Trading accounts are not enabled by default in &app; and must be explicitly enabled as
+ described in <xref linkend="currency_trading_accts" />.
+ </para>
+<!-- TODO: add sections
+ <para>The following sections are common to both manually recording gains
+ and losses from multiple currency transactions and using trading accounts
+ to record such gains and losses.</para>
+TODO -->
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="currency_manual">
+ <title>Manually Recording Currency Transaction</title>
+
+ <sect2 id="currency_acct1">
+ <title>Account Setup</title>
+
+ <para>Your default account currency is set in the <guilabel>Account</guilabel> tab under
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ (
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>&appname;</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ on &mac;).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Similarly, &app; offers an option to set your preferred currency for displaying reports (like the
+ balance sheet and income statement). The option is called <guilabel>Default Report
+ Currency</guilabel>, and is in the <guilabel>Reports</guilabel> tab of the
+ <guilabel>&appname; Preferences</guilabel> screen. You’ll want to set both options
+ when you start using &app; because if (for example) your accounts are all in Canadian
+ Dollars but the generated reports are all in US Dollars, the reports will just say that
+ there are <quote><computeroutput>no data/transactions (or only zeroes) for the selected time period</computeroutput></quote>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>When you create a new account, you have the option to define the commodity in which that account is
+ denominated. For accounts denominated in a currency, you can specify any of the currencies
+ supported by &app; by simply selecting it from the currency commodity list. You will notice
+ that the default currency is the currency that is defined for the parent account of the new
+ account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>As an example, let’s set up a bank account scenario where you mostly work in US Dollars, but
+ do also have a European bank account using the Euro currency, as well as one bank account in
+ Hong Kong using Hong Kong Dollars. So, set up 3 bank accounts, one denominated in US
+ Dollars, one using Euros, and the third in Hong Kong Dollars. One possible account structure
+ for this would be:
+ </para>
+<screen>
+-Assets (USD)
+ -Current Assets (USD)
+ -US Bank (USD)
+ -European Bank (EUR)
+ -HK Bank (HKD)
+-Equity (USD)
+ -Opening Balances (USD)
+ -USD (USD)
+ -EUR (EUR)
+ -HKD (HKD)</screen>
+ <note>
+ <para>The currency of each account is shown in parenthesis.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>Since in this example you mostly work in USD, all of the parent accounts are set to USD. Of course,
+ if you mostly work in Euros, you could change the currency of these parent accounts to EUR.
+ The totals shown in the account tree window will always be converted to the currency of each
+ particular account. Notice, we also set up 3 Opening Balances equity accounts, used to
+ initially populate the 3 banks.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>You could also set up just a single Opening Balance account and use a currency transfer to populate
+ the <quote>different currency</quote> accounts. However, this is more advanced option,
+ which is explained in a later section (<xref linkend="currency_purchase2" />).
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>Below you see the result of this example, in which you start with 10,000 USD, 10,000 EUR as well as
+ 10,000 HKD in the three bank accounts. Notice that the total of the parent accounts only
+ shows the value of the currency of sub-accounts with matching currencies. In other words,
+ the Total Assets and Total Equity values only reflect USD amounts, because &app; has no way
+ of evaluating the value of EUR or HKD yet. Once you set up exchange rates between the
+ currencies, the parent accounts will calculate the converted value of all sub-accounts. See
+ the later section (<xref linkend="currency_howto1" />) on ways to do this.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Initial multi currency Account Bank Setup</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_main1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_main1.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Initial setup of 3 bank accounts with different currencies.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Notice that the <guilabel>Total (Report)</guilabel> column is being displayed. This is configured in the column header
+ row, select <guibutton>Arrow down</guibutton> and select <guilabel>Total(USD)</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="currency_acct_user2">
+ <title>User-Defined Currencies</title>
+
+ <para>Usually when we talk about currencies, we mean government-backed currencies (or more precisely,
+ currencies defined in <ulink url="&url-wp-en;ISO_4217">ISO 4217</ulink>). &app;
+ does not allow you to create your own currencies. If you want to track
+ non-<acronym>ISO</acronym> currencies, you can use either of two workarounds, depending on
+ which fits your needs better.
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <title>User-Defined Currencies Workarounds</title>
+ <para>Let’s say for example that you want to track loyalty points you’ve earned by buying from
+ a certain group of businesses. The account which tracks your loyalty points will be
+ <emphasis>Assets:Other:LoyaltyPoints</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+ <listitem><simpara>
+ Treat these as if they were a security—that is, like a stock or mutual fund.
+ </simpara>
+ <para>
+ In this workaround, you define a new security, of type <guilabel>FUND</guilabel>, called
+ LoyalityPoints. This is pretty straightforward—when you create the new
+ <emphasis>LoyaltyPoints</emphasis> account, just set the account type to
+ <guilabel>Stock</guilabel> or <guilabel>Mutual Fund</guilabel>, click the
+ <guibutton>Select...</guibutton> button next to the
+ <guilabel>Security/currency:</guilabel> box, and click <guibutton>New</guibutton> to
+ define a new security of type <guilabel>FUND</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ This is not really what the stock and mutual fund account types are meant for, but &app; will allow
+ it. The downside is that you’ll have to enter a <quote>price</quote> for every
+ transaction involving this account, because &app; needs the prices to figure out the
+ monetary value of the points and treat them as one of your assets.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem><simpara>
+ Use one of the <quote>dummy</quote> currencies for them.
+ </simpara>
+ <para>In this workaround, you use one of the dummy currencies to
+ track the loyalty points. These currencies are <quote>XTS (Code for testing
+ purposes)</quote> and <quote>XXX (No currency)</quote>. If you use one of these for your
+ LoyaltyPoints account, you can enter transactions into the account without
+ having to enter share prices for every transaction. And, you can keep using the same two
+ dummy currencies to track all sorts of amounts—vacation dollars earned and used so
+ far this year, vacation hours earned and used, health insurance benefits allowance used
+ and remaining, and so on.
+ </para>
+ <para>The drawback with this workaround is that you cannot define exchange rates for the dummy
+ currencies to convert them to <acronym>ISO</acronym> currencies. If you want to do that,
+ you really should use the first workaround.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="currency_howto1">
+ <title>Recording and Updating Currency Exchange Rates</title>
+
+ <para>&app; allows you to update the Currency Exchange Rates both manually and automatically. This process
+ is essentially the same as setting share prices for investments (see
+ <xref linkend="invest-stockprice1"/>). In the following two sections we will work through
+ both methods.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Before we start, let’s have a quick look at the Chart of Accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Initial multi currency Account Bank Setup</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_main1a">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_main1.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Initial set up of 3 bank accounts with different currencies.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>As you see, the overall balances do not yet reflect any value for EUR or HKD holdings. Adding
+ currency exchange rates will fix this.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="currency_howto_Manual">
+ <title>Manually Updating Exchange Rates</title>
+
+ <para>Open the <guilabel>Price Database</guilabel> by going to
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guimenuitem>Price Database</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Price Database Window—Still Empty</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_peditor">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_peditor.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Click on the <guibutton>Add</guibutton> button to add a new currency exchange rate. A window will
+ appear in which you can set up a new exchange rate. This window should appear like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Setup Of Euro Exchange Rate</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_addcurr">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_addcurr.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Add Price Database Window
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Set the <guilabel>Namespace</guilabel> to <guilabel>CURRENCY</guilabel> and the <guilabel>Security</guilabel> to <guilabel>EUR
+ (Euro)</guilabel>. Then set the exchange rate between the selected security and the selected
+ currency. The <guilabel>Price</guilabel> box defines how many units of currency are required to purchase one
+ unit of the security. In this case, how many dollars it will take to purchase on 1 Euro. In
+ this example, you will set the exchange rate to 1 EUR for 1 USD.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Price Database window after setting the exchange rate between Euros and US Dollars</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_manualpriceadded">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_BeforeGetOnlineQuotes.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" width="&img-w;" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_BeforeGetOnlineQuotes.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Chart of Accounts After Setting The Exchange Rate Between Euro And US Dollar</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_main2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_main2.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Observe that since you have no exchange rate for HKD, &app; doesn’t convert the HKD accounts
+ to USD. This will be added in the next section.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="currency_howto_Auto">
+ <title>Automatic Updating Exchange Rates (How-To)</title>
+
+ <para>In the previous section you saw how to manually define a new currency exchange rate, but &app;
+ includes an automatic price update feature, which will now be described.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Open the <guilabel>Price Database</guilabel> by going to
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guimenuitem>Price Database</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Price Database Before Obtaining Online Quotes</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_BeforeGetOnline">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_BeforeGetOnlineQuotes.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" width="&img-w;" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_BeforeGetOnlineQuotes.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Click on the <guibutton>Get Quotes</guibutton> button to automatically load the various exchange
+ rates you need.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>If the <guibutton>Get Quotes</guibutton> button is disabled, that means that the
+ <application>Perl</application> module &app-fq; is not
+ installed. For information on how to install it, please see
+ <xref linkend="invest-stockprice-auto2" />.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Price Database After Obtaining Online Quotes</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_AfterGetOnlineQuotes">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_AfterGetOnlineQuotes.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" width="&img-w;" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_AfterGetOnlineQuotes.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>&app; downloads exchange rates for all currencies that are in use in your various accounts. This
+ will happen every time you click on <guibutton>Get Quotes</guibutton> or request &app; to
+ download quotes as per <xref linkend="invest-stockprice-auto2" />.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Now when you check the main Chart of Accounts you will see that &app; has automatically converted
+ the HKD amount to USD amount on the parent accounts that are in USD, as well as on the
+ <guilabel>Total (USD)</guilabel> column. Also the Euro accounts have been been updated with the latest exchange
+ rate.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Chart of Accounts After Obtaining Online Quotes</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_main3.png">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_main3.png"
+ srccredit="Frank H. Ellenberger" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="currency_howto_disable">
+ <title>Disabling Exchange Rate Retrieval</title>
+
+ <para>Whenever you create an account that uses a non-default currency, exchange rate retrieval will be
+ automatically enabled for that currency. However, if you later delete that account, &app;
+ will not automatically disable exchange rate retrieval for that currency.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you have deleted the last account for a particular currency, and you do not wish to retrieve
+ exchange rates for that currency anymore, do the following:
+ </para>
+
+ <procedure>
+ <step><simpara>Open the Securities window by selecting <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guimenuitem>Security Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step><simpara>Make sure the <guilabel>Show National Currencies</guilabel> box is selected.</simpara></step>
+
+ <step><simpara>Expand the <guilabel>CURRENCY</guilabel> row.</simpara></step>
+
+ <step><simpara>Double click on the currency for which you want to disable exchange rate retrieval.</simpara></step>
+
+ <step><simpara>Deselect the <guilabel>Get Online Quotes</guilabel> box and click <guibutton>OK</guibutton>.</simpara></step>
+ </procedure>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="currency_purchase1">
+ <title>Recording Purchases in a Foreign Currency</title>
+
+ <para>Purchases in a foreign currency can be managed in two different options.
+
+ <orderedlist numeration="upperalpha">
+ <listitem><para>
+ Use &app;'s built-in currency exchange functions when you do your transactions. This is mainly
+ used for one-time transactions, and nothing which happens regularly.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem id="currency_purchase1.ol.2"><para>
+ Use separate accounts to track transactions, where all involved accounts use the same currency.
+ This is the recommended method, since it allows much better tracking and follow up. In this
+ way, you do one currency exchange transaction, and after that you do normal transactions in
+ the native currency.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The rest of this section will explain more based upon option <quote><xref linkend="currency_purchase1.ol.2" /></quote>.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="currency_purchase2">
+ <title>Purchase of an Asset with Foreign Currency</title>
+
+ <para>You are using USD as your default currency. But, you decide to purchase a boat in Jamaica. To do
+ this, you opened a bank account in Jamaica, moved some money from the US, and then
+ purchased your boat.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To record this in &app; we use the following basic account structure:
+ </para>
+<screen>
+-Assets (USD)
+ -Current Assets (USD)
+ -US Bank (USD)
+ -Jamaican Bank (JMD)
+ -Fixed Assets (USD)
+ -Boat (JMD)
+-Equity (USD)
+ -Opening Balances (USD)
+ -USD (USD)</screen>
+ <note>
+ <para>The currency of each account is shown in parenthesis.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>First you need to transfer 10,000 USD to Jamaica, and you use your US bank account (with a
+ balance of 100,000 USD) for that. The bank gives you an exchange rate of 1 USD = 64 JMD, but
+ charges you 150 USD to transfer the money.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Transaction <quote>Currency Transfer To Jamaica</quote></title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_purchase_MoveMoney.png">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_purchase_MoveMoney.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Select the Jamaica transaction line (9,850.00 USD), right click and select <guilabel>Edit Exchange
+ Rate</guilabel>
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Edit Exchange Rate</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_purchase_SetExchangeRate.png">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_purchase_SetExchangeRate.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>In this dialog the exchange rate of a currency transaction is specified.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>As Exchange Rate, you enter 1 USD = 64 JMD, since this is the rate your bank gave. Press ok in the
+ Transfer Funds (Edit Exchange Rate) window, and then save this split transaction. Below is
+ how it now looks in the main Chart of Accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Chart of Accounts before purchasing the boat</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_purchase_BeforeBoat.png">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_purchase_BeforeBoat.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>You choose to buy a boat for 509,000 JMD. To record this transaction in &app;, you will need to
+ enter a simple transaction in <emphasis>Assets:Current Assets:Jamaican Bank</emphasis>
+ withdrawing 509,000 JMD and transferring it to <emphasis>Assets:Fixed
+ Assets:Boat</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Chart Of Accounts After Purchasing The Boat</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_purchase_AfterBoat.png">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_purchase_AfterBoat.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The Chart of Accounts now reflects that your bank account has been reduced by 509,000 JMD, and that
+ your Fixed Assets boat account has been increased by the same amount. If you also have
+ turned on the Chart of Accounts (Column Choice) <guilabel>Total (USD)</guilabel> you will see the corresponding value in
+ USD. The USD value will always reflect the latest currency exchange rate you have either
+ automatically or manually retrieved.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="currency_purchase3">
+ <title>Purchasing Foreign Stocks</title>
+
+ <para>This example will show how to purchase stocks that are priced in a currency other than your primary
+ currency.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Assume that you live in New York and therefore you have set the default currency to USD. You decide
+ to purchase a stock traded in Hong Kong that is priced in HKD. You would also like to be
+ able to track the various income and expense amounts per stock and broker.
+ </para>
+
+ <!--
+ As for brokerage "Bank" account, see
+ https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash-docs/pull/198#discussion_r679289248
+
+ It depends on the countries and financial systems. Therefore translate it according to your country.
+ -->
+ <para>You decide to purchase stock in the Beijing Airport (Hong Kong). The ticker for this stock is
+ 0694.HK on Yahoo! Since you wanted to track all various income and expense amounts, here
+ is the necessary account structure:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><simpara>Assets:Investments:Brokerage Accounts:Boom:0694.HK (0694.HK)</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>Assets:Investments:Brokerage Accounts:Boom:Bank (HKD)</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>Equity:Opening Balances:HKD (HKD)</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>Expenses:Commissions:Boom:0694.HK (HKD)</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>Income:Investments:Dividend:Boom:0694.HK (HKD)</simpara></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+ <para>The Chart of Accounts looks like this after creating all the needed accounts:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Chart of Accounts For International Stocks</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_purchase_BeforeStocks.png">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_purchase_BeforeStocks.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The stock definition can be seen in the Security Editor (
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guimenuitem>Security Editor</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>.)
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>International Securities</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_purchase_Commodities.png">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_purchase_Commodities.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>If you have not moved money (50,000 HKD) into the brokerage cash account
+ (<emphasis>Assets:Investments:Brokerage Accounts:Boom:Bank</emphasis>), do so now, either
+ using the Equity (HKD) account, or an existing bank account (Currency Transfer).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>There are two ways to enter the actual purchase transaction: you can enter it from the cash account
+ (shown below), or you can enter it from the stock account.
+ <note><para>If entered from the stock account, the stock is assumed to be priced in the currency of the parent
+ account.</para></note>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Let’s assume that the stock price is 3 HKD per share. To record the purchase, open the
+ brokerage’s HKD cash account (<emphasis>Assets:Investments:Brokerage
+ Accounts:Boom:Bank</emphasis>), and enter the following:
+ </para>
+
+
+ <informaltable>
+ <textobject><phrase><emphasis>Buy Stocks</emphasis></phrase></textobject>
+ <tgroup cols='3'>
+ <colspec colwidth='3*' align='left'/>
+
+ <colspec colwidth='1*' align='left'/>
+
+ <colspec colwidth='1*' align='right'/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Investments:Brokerage Accounts:Boom:Bank
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Withdrawal
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 50,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Commissions:Boom:0694.HK
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Deposit
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 500
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Investments:Brokerage Accounts:Boom:0694.HK
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Deposit
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 49,500 (16,500 shares)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </informaltable>
+
+ <para>If the exchange rate dialog box does not appear automatically, right-click on the stock row, and
+ select <guilabel>Edit Exchange Rate</guilabel>. Enter the number of shares (16,500) as the
+ <guilabel>To Amount</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Transfer Funds</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_purchase_ToAmount.png">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_purchase_ToAmount.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Setting the number of shares in the Transfer Funds dialog
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>When you return to the Chart of Accounts, you will see the purchased shares reflected in the stock
+ account’s total.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Purchased international stocks</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_purchase_AfterStocks.png">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_purchase_AfterStocks.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Chart of Accounts is now containing the international stocks
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>However, as you can see, the USD totals may be zero if &app; doesn’t have an exchange rate
+ between USD and HKD. To fix this, go to
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guimenuitem>Price Database</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ and click the <guibutton>Get Quotes</guibutton> button to automatically retrieve the
+ exchange rates you need.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>To reiterate, this example shows how stock can be purchased in any currency by entering the
+ transaction in the register of the cash account used to make payment. It is also
+ possible to enter the purchase in the stock account’s register, but be aware that
+ the stock is assumed to be priced in the currency of the stock account’s parent.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In this example, the stock account’s parent (<emphasis>Assets:Investments:Brokerage
+ Account:Boom</emphasis>) is denominated in HKD. Since this is same currency as the stock
+ price, the purchase can be safely entered in the stock account’s register.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="currency_invest1">
+ <title>Tracking Currency Investments</title>
+
+ <para>Currency investment is when you decide to invest in a different country's currency, and hope that it
+ will rise in value relative your own currency.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>When you enter these transactions into &app;, you will have to decide on how much detail you would
+ like to have.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you are not interested in detail at all, a very simple account structure would suffice:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><simpara>Assets:Investments:Currency:Bank (USD)</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>Assets:Investments:Currency:XXX (XXX)</simpara></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You would simply enter transfers between the two accounts, noting exchange rates as you went.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>But, if you do want to be able to track capital gains or losses, as well as any fees, you do need a
+ more complex account structure, such as:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><simpara>Assets:Investments:Currency:Bank (USD)</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>Assets:Investments:Currency:Currency Bank:XXX (XXX)</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>Expenses:Investments:Currency:Bank (USD)</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>Income:Investments:Currency:Currency Bank:Capital Gains:XXX (XXX)</simpara></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="currency_invest12">
+ <title>Purchasing Currency</title>
+
+ <para>When purchasing an another currency, you will buy a certain number of units of foreign currency with
+ your own currency, at a particular rate. For example, you might buy 10,000 USD worth of
+ Andorran Francs, 1 USD = 5 ADF, with a transaction fee of 150 USD.
+ </para>
+
+ <informaltable>
+ <textobject><phrase><emphasis>Buy Currency</emphasis></phrase></textobject>
+ <tgroup cols='3'>
+ <colspec colwidth='5*' align='left'/>
+
+ <colspec colwidth='2*' align='left'/>
+
+ <colspec colwidth='1*' align='right'/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Investments:Currency:Bank (USD)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Withdrawal
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 10,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Investments:Currency:Bank (USD)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Expense
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 150
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Investments:Currency:Currency Bank:ADF (ADF)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Deposit
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 49,250
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </informaltable>
+
+ <para>The Exchange Rate window should pop up when you leave the last row in the split above (Currency
+ Transaction). If this window does not pop up, right click on the row or select
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu>, and select <guilabel>Edit Exchange Rate</guilabel>. In the
+ Exchange Rate window you specify the exchange rate you got from the bank.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="currency_invest13">
+ <title>Selling a currency investment</title>
+
+ <para>Entering a currency sale is done in the same way as a currency buy except that you are now
+ transferring money from the Currency account to your native currency’s Bank account (very similar to
+ <xref linkend="invest-sell1" />).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The proper recording of the currency sale <emphasis>must</emphasis> account for realized gains or losses. This can be
+ done using a split transaction. In the split transaction, you must account for the profit
+ (or loss) as coming from an <emphasis>Income:Investments:Currency:Currency Bank:Capital Gains:XXX</emphasis> account (or
+ <emphasis>Expense:Investments:Currency:Currency Bank:Capital Loss:XXX</emphasis>). To balance this income, you will need to
+ enter the Currency asset twice in the split—once to record the actual sale (using
+ the correct amount and correct exchange rate), and once to balance the income profit
+ (setting the amount to 0).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In short, a selling Currency transaction should look something like below, seen again from the
+ <emphasis>Assets:Investments:Currency:Currency Bank:XXX</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling a currency with a Split Transaction Scheme</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <colspec colwidth='3*' align='left'/>
+
+ <colspec colwidth='1*' align='center'/>
+
+ <colspec colwidth='1*' align='center'/>
+
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Account
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Deposit/Expense
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Withdrawal/Income
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Investments:Currency:Bank (USD)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Sold Amount - Exchange Fee
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Investments:Currency:Bank (USD)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Exchange Fee
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Investments:Currency:Currency Bank:XXX (XXX)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Sold Amount (= Purchased Balance + PROFIT)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Investments:Currency:Currency Bank:Capital Gains:XXX (XXX)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ [LOSS]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ PROFIT
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Investments:Currency:Currency Bank:XXX (XXX)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ PROFIT (with To Amount = 0)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ [LOSS (with To Amount = 0) ]
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="currency_reconcile1">
+ <title>Reconciling Statements in a Foreign Currency</title>
+
+ <para>Reconciling foreign statement are done in the same manner as when you reconcile your local bank
+ statement. If you have created a Chart of Accounts structure which allows you to have the
+ same currency per account as your statement, it is actually exactly the same as reconciling
+ your local bank statement.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you have different currencies you might have to manually convert the amounts from one currency to
+ another while you reconcile the accounts.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="currency_trading_accts">
+ <title>Automatically Recording Currency Transactions using Trading Accounts</title>
+
+ <para>Trading accounts were introduced as a feature from &app; version 2.3.14. The conceptual basis for
+ trading accounts is described in &ulink-sel-tut; by Peter Selinger. A second tutorial
+ &ulink-sel-gnc; describes the manual creation and use of trading accounts in &app; prior to version 2.3.14.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Trading accounts are not enabled by default in &app;. To enable them go to
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem><guilabel>Accounts</guilabel>
+ </menuchoice> tab and check the <guilabel>Use Trading Accounts</guilabel> checkbox.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="trading_acct_concepts">
+ <title>Trading Account Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>In accounting terms, trading accounts are specialized equity accounts to record changes in income
+ which result from transactions between two or more currencies. In &app; they are implemented
+ as a top level account type of Trading. When trading accounts are enabled the required sub
+ accounts of Trading are automatically created if they do not already exist when a
+ transaction between one or more currencies is created.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In the extended Accounting Equation, Trading accounts would appear as follows:
+ <equation>
+ <mathphrase>Assets = Liabilities + Equity (+ Income -Expenses) + Trading </mathphrase>
+ </equation>
+ </para>
+
+ <caution>
+ <para>The user is prevented from manually making entries directly to the registers for any of the accounts
+ in the Trading top level account group. All entries to these accounts are automatically
+ generated when transactions between currencies are created in other account registers
+ within the &app; account hierarchy.
+ </para>
+ </caution>
+
+ <para>The Trading account group is structured below the top level account <guilabel>Trading</guilabel>
+ with a sub-account <guilabel>CURRENCY</guilabel> which in turn has a sub-account for each
+ currency between which transactions have been made. For the example previously used in
+ <xref linkend="currency_manual" />, the
+ additional accounts which will be created automatically when transactions are created
+ between different currencies with trading accounts enabled are:
+ </para>
+<screen>
+Trading
+ CURRENCY
+ EUR
+ HKD
+ USD</screen>
+ <caution>
+ <para>The names of these accounts are again assigned automatically and cannot be changed by a user without
+ disrupting the functionality of the trading accounts in &app;.
+ </para>
+ </caution>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="currency_trading">
+ <title>Recording Foreign Currency Transactions with Trading Accounts</title>
+
+ <sect3 id="currency_trading_account_setup">
+ <title>Setup of Accounts for Trading Accounts</title>
+
+ <para>The same account structure used in the manual recording of currency transactions in the previous
+ section is required. The initial account configuration for Assets and Equity accounts are
+ as follows:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Initial Multicurrency Bank Accounts Setup</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency__trading_acct_setup">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_acct_setup.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Initial setup of bank accounts in multiple currencies.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The following prices were entered in the Price Database (
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guimenuitem>Price Database</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ ) as at Jan. 1, 2020 to convert the account balances for the foreign currency accounts to
+ USD:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Initial Price Database Entries</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency__trading_price_database">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_Price_Database_initial.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Price Database window after setting initial exchange rates between USD, HKD and EUR.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>With the currency prices set as shown, the Accounts tab will now display the values of the foreign
+ accounts in USD in the <guilabel>Total(USD)</guilabel> column:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Initial Multicurrency Setup After Entering Exchange Rates Between USD, HKD
+ and EUR</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_trading_acct_setup_2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_acct_setup_2.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para><guilabel>Accounts</guilabel> tab after setting exchange rates to USD.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="currency_trading_transfer">
+ <title>Transfer of Funds to a Foreign Currency</title>
+
+ <para>Let us assume we wish to purchase at item in Hong Kong using the Hong Kong bank account for 20,000
+ HKD on Feb. 1, 2020. The current funds in the Hong Kong account are insufficient and we will
+ need to transfer another 10,200 HKD from the US bank account. The exchange rate at the
+ time of the transfer is 1 USD = 7.7884 HKD and we will have to transfer 1,309.64 USD for
+ which the bank charges a 40 USD transfer fee. The transaction to effect this is created
+ with the <guilabel>Transfer Funds</guilabel> dialog as shown below:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Transfer Dialog To Create Transaction For Transfer From USD To HKD</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency__trading_tfr_dialog">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_transfer_funds.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Transfer of 10,200 HKD from US Bank account to Hong Kong bank account.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The <guilabel>Debit Amount</guilabel> has been specified in HKD and the transaction <guilabel>Amount</guilabel> being transferred in USD.
+ There is no provision to enter the transfer fee in the dialog. On closing the dialog the
+ following transaction as viewed in the US Bank Account register has been created:
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para><guilabel>Amount</guilabel> entered in the <guilabel>Transfer Funds</guilabel> are transferred from the selected <guilabel>Credit
+ Account</guilabel> to the selected <guilabel>Debit Account</guilabel>. And if <guilabel>Debit Amount</guilabel> radio button is selected and the foreign
+ currency amounts are entered, the transaction is recorded on the correct debit amounts. Whereas if <guilabel>Exchange Rate</guilabel> is selected
+ and entered, the exact value is not often recorded due to the rounding errors.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Transaction After Transfer Displayed in The US Bank Account Register</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_trading_transfer_trans1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans1.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans1.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Transaction to transfer from US bank account to Hong Kong Bank account after closing transfer
+ dialog.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The transaction can be opened in the US Bank Account register and may then be edited to add splits
+ for the transfer fee as follows:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Transaction After Adding The Splits For The Transfer Fee</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_trading_transfer_trans2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans2.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans2.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Transaction to transfer from US bank account to Hong Kong Bank account after adding the splits for
+ the transaction fee.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Returning to the Accounts tab we can see the result of the transfer transaction on the accounts:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Account Tab Balances After Completion Of USD To HKD Transfer</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_trading_accts_after_tfr">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_accts_after_tfr.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Account balances in the Accounts tab after the transfer of funds from the US Bank account to the
+ Hong Kong bank account.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The balances of the Asset and Equity accounts are presented with values set by the exchange rate
+ entered in the transaction to transfer funds on Feb. 1, 2020.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The trading accounts have been automatically created and the amounts of the transfer have been
+ entered into the accounts. There are no entries associated with the pre-existing opening
+ balances of the accounts prior to the transfer. This reflects that the trading accounts
+ only reflect gains and losses since the book was opened.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>At this point there have been no trading gains or losses. The balances of the USD and HKD trading
+ accounts are the same when converted to USD. The HKD trading account has a debit (negative
+ balance) and the USD trading account has a credit balance (positive balance). The net balance
+ of the CURRENCY sub account of Trading, and Trading itself, is 0 indicating that at this
+ point no gains or losses have been recorded in the trading of currencies.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The hypothetical purchase in Hong Kong fails to take place and a month later on Mar. 1, 2020 the funds
+ are required in the US account for another purpose. A transfer of 10,200.00 HKD is made
+ from the Hong Kong bank account back to the US bank account. The exchange rate at the time
+ of the transfer is 1 USD = 7.7933 HKD and a fee of 20.00 USD is charged for the transfer.
+ The transaction to effect the transfer is as follows:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Transaction To Transfer Funds From Hong Kong To US Bank Account</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_trading_tfr_back">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_trf_back.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_trf_back.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>The transaction transfers 10,200.00 HKD from the Hong Kong Bank account to the US Bank account.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>After transferring the funds back to the US Bank account, the prices database entries are as
+ follows:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Price database after transfer of funds back to US account</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_trading_prices_after_trf_back">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_prices_after_trf_back.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>The price database showing prices for the transfer of funds to HKD and back to USD.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The Accounts tab balances after transferring the funds back are as follows:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Accounts tab after transfer back</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_trading_accts_after_trf_back">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_accts_after_trf_back.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>State of the accounts after the funds have been transferred back.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The Assets and Equity balances now reflect the the values of the accounts at the exchange rate for
+ the transfer of funds back to the US Bank account. The Trading and CURRENCY placeholder accounts now indicate a
+ modest realized loss of 0.82 USD on the currency transactions. The associated transfer fees appear in the
+ Expenses total. Not a profitable exercise but still illustrative.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>The gains or losses reported using trading accounts are realized gains and losses.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>Finally we have the balance sheet after the above sequence of transactions reporting the Trading
+ Loss incurred:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Balance Sheet After Above Transactions</title>
+ <screenshot id="currency_trading_balance_sheet">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/currency_trading_balance_sheet.png"
+ srccredit="David Cousens"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Balance Sheet after these transactions reflecting the trading loss incurred.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_dep.xml b/zh/guide/ch_dep.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..db5a852e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_dep.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,722 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!-- (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: July 9th 2006
+ Maintainers:
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
+ Originally designed by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_dep">
+ <title>Depreciation</title>
+
+ <para>This chapter will introduce the concept of depreciation in accounting and give some real life
+ examples for using it.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="dep_concepts1">
+ <title>Basic Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>Depreciation is the accounting method for expensing capital purchases over time. There are two
+ reasons that you may want to record depreciation; you are doing bookkeeping for your own
+ personal finances and would like to keep track of your net worth, or you are doing bookkeeping
+ for a small busines and need to produce a financial statement from which you will prepare your
+ tax return.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The method of recording depreciation is the same in either case. but the end goal is different. This
+ section will discuss the differences between the two. But first, some terminology.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Accumulated depreciation</emphasis> - the accumulated total of book depreciation taken
+ over the life of the asset. This is accumulated in the depreciation account in the asset
+ section.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Book depreciation</emphasis> - this is the amount of depreciation that you record in your
+ financial statements per accounting period.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Fair market value</emphasis> - the amount for which an asset could be sold at a given
+ time.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Net book value</emphasis> - this is the difference between the original cost and the
+ depreciation taken to date.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Original cost</emphasis> - this is the amount that the asset cost you to purchase. It
+ includes any cost to get the asset into a condition in which you can use it. For example -
+ shipping, installation costs, special training.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Salvage value</emphasis> - this is the value that you estimate the asset can be sold for
+ at the end of it’s useful life (to you).
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Tax depreciation</emphasis> - this is the amount of depreciation that you take for income
+ tax purposes.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <sect2 id="dep_concepts_personal2">
+ <title>Personal Finances</title>
+
+ <para>Depreciation is used in personal finances to periodically lower an asset’s value to give you
+ an accurate estimation of your current net worth. For example, if you owned a car you could
+ keep track of its current value by recording depreciation every year. To accomplish this,
+ you record the original purchase as an asset, and then record a depreciation expense each
+ year (See <xref linkend="dep_example1" /> for an example). This would result in the net book
+ value being approximately equal to the fair market value of the asset at the end of the
+ year.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Depreciation for personal finance has no tax implications, it is simply used to help you estimate
+ your net worth. Because of this, there are no rules for how you estimate depreciation, use
+ your best judgement.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For which assets should you estimate depreciation? Since the idea of depreciation for personal
+ finances is to give you an estimate of your personal net worth, you need only track
+ depreciation on assets of notable worth that you could potentially sell, such as a car or
+ boat.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="dep_concepts_business2">
+ <title>Business</title>
+
+ <para>As opposed to personal finance where the goal is tracking personal worth, business is concerned with
+ matching the expense of purchasing capital assets with the revenue generated by them. This
+ is done through book depreciation. Businesses must also be concerned with local tax laws
+ covering depreciation of assets. This is known as tax depreciation. The business is free to
+ choose whatever scheme it wants to record book depreciation, but the scheme used for tax
+ depreciation is fixed. More often than not this results in differences between book and tax
+ depreciation, but steps can be taken to reduce these differences.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Now, what purchases should be capitalized? If you expect something that you purchase to help you
+ earn income for more than just the current year, then it should be capitalized. This
+ includes things like land, buildings, equipment, automobiles, and computers - as long as
+ they are used for business purposes. It does not include items that would be considered
+ inventory. So if you made a purchase with the intent to resell the item, it should not be
+ capitalized.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In addition to the purchase of the asset itself, any costs associated with getting the asset into a
+ condition so that you can use it should be capitalized. For example, if you buy a piece of
+ equipment and it needs to be shipped from out of town, and then some electrical work needs
+ to be done so you can plug the machine in, and some specialized training is needed so you
+ know how to use the machine, all these costs would be included in the cost of the equipment.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You also need to know the estimated salvage value of the asset. Generally, this is assumed to be
+ zero. The idea behind knowing the salvage value is that the asset will be depreciated until
+ the net book value (cost less depreciation) equals the salvage value. Then, when the asset
+ is written off, you will not have a gain or loss resulting from the disposal of the asset.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The last step is to determine the method of depreciation that you want to use. This will be
+ discussed on the next few pages.
+ </para>
+
+ <warning>
+ <para>Be aware that different countries can have substantially different tax policies for depreciation;
+ all that this document can really provide is some of the underlying ideas to help you
+ apply your <quote>favorite</quote> tax/depreciation policies.
+ </para>
+ </warning>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="dep_value1">
+ <title>Estimating Valuation</title>
+
+ <para>A central issue with depreciation is to determine how you will estimate the future value of the
+ asset. Compared to the often uncertain estimates one has to do where appreciation of assets is
+ concerned, we are on somewhat firmer ground here. Using sources listed below should make it
+ fairly straight forward to estimate the future value of your depreciating assets.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Tax Codes:</emphasis> For businesses that want to use depreciation for tax purposes,
+ governments tend to set up precise rules as to how you are required to calculate
+ depreciation. Consult your local tax codes, which should explicitly state how to estimate
+ depreciation.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Car Blue Book:</emphasis> For automobiles, it is easy to look up in references such as
+ <quote>Blue Books</quote> estimates of what an automobile should be worth after some
+ period of time in the future. From this you will be able to develop a model of the
+ depreciation.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <sect2 id="dep_valueschemes2">
+ <title>Depreciation Schemes</title>
+
+ <para>A <emphasis>depreciation scheme</emphasis> is a mathematical model of how an asset will be expensed
+ over time. For every asset which undergoes depreciation, you will need to decide on a
+ depreciation scheme. An important point to keep in mind is that, for tax purposes, you will
+ need to depreciate your assets at a certain rate. This is called tax depreciation. For
+ financial statement purposes you are free to choose whatever method you want. This is book
+ depreciation. Most small businesses use the same rate for tax and book depreciation. This
+ way there is less of a difference between your net income on the financial statements and
+ your taxable income.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This section will present 3 of the more popular depreciation schemes: <emphasis>linear</emphasis>,
+ <emphasis>geometric</emphasis>, and <emphasis>sum of digits</emphasis>. To simplify the
+ examples, we will assume the salvage value of the asset being depreciated is zero. If you
+ choose to use a salvage value, you would stop depreciating the asset once the net book value
+ equals the salvage value.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Linear depreciation</emphasis> diminishes the value of an asset by a fixed amount each
+ period until the net value is zero. This is the simplest calculation, as you estimate a
+ useful lifetime, and simply divide the cost equally across that lifetime.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Example: You have bought a computer for $1500 and wish to depreciate it over a period of 5 years.
+ Each year the amount of depreciation is $300, leading to the following calculations:
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Linear Depreciation Scheme Example</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Year</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Depreciation</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Remaining Value</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ -
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1500
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 1
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 300
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1200
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 2
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 300
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 900
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 3
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 300
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 600
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 4
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 300
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 300
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 5
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 300
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Geometric depreciation</emphasis> is depreciated by a fixed percentage of the asset value
+ in the previous period. This is a front-weighted depreciation scheme, more depreciation
+ being applied early in the period. In this scheme the value of an asset decreases
+ exponentially leaving a value at the end that is larger than zero (i.e.: a resale
+ value).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Example: We take the same example as above, with an annual depreciation of 30%.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Geometric Depreciation Scheme Example</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Year</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Depreciation</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Remaining Value</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ -
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1500
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 1
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 450
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1050
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 2
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 315
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 735
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 3
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 220.50
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 514.50
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 4
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 154.35
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 360.15
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 5
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 108.05
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 252.10
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Beware: Tax authorities may require (or allow) a larger percentage in the first period. On the other
+ hand, in Canada, this is reversed, as they permit only a half share of <quote>Capital
+ Cost Allowance</quote> in the first year. The result of this approach is that asset
+ value decreases more rapidly at the beginning than at the end which is probably more
+ realistic for most assets than a linear scheme. This is certainly true for
+ automobiles.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Sum of digits</emphasis> is a front-weighted depreciation scheme similar to the geometric
+ depreciation, except that the value of the asset reaches zero at the end of the period.
+ This is a front-weighted depreciation scheme, more depreciation being applied early in
+ the period. This method is most often employed in Anglo/Saxon countries. Here is an
+ illustration:
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Example: First you divide the asset value by the sum of the years of use, e.g. for our example from
+ above with an asset worth $1500 that is used over a period of five years you get
+ 1500/(1+2+3+4+5)=100. Depreciation and asset value are then calculated as follows:
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Sum of Digits Depreciation Scheme Example</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Year</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Depreciation</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Remaining Value</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ -
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1500
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 1
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 100*5=500
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 2
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 100*4=400
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 600
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 3
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 100*3=300
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 300
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 4
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 100*2=200
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 100
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 5
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 100*1=100
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="dep_accounts1">
+ <title>Account Setup</title>
+
+ <para>As with most accounting practices, there are a number of different ways to setup depreciation
+ accounts. We will present here a general method which should be flexible enough to handle most
+ situations. The first account you will need is an <emphasis>Asset Cost</emphasis> account
+ (&app; account type <guilabel>Asset</guilabel>), which is simply a place where you record the
+ original purchase of the asset. Usually this purchase is accomplished by a transaction from
+ your bank account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In order to keep track of the depreciation of the asset, you will need two depreciation accounts.
+ The first is an <emphasis>Accumulated Depreciation</emphasis> account in which to collect the
+ sum of all of the depreciation amounts, and will contain negative values. In &app;, this is an
+ account type <emphasis>asset</emphasis>. The <emphasis>Accumulated Depreciation</emphasis>
+ account is balanced by a <emphasis>Depreciation Expense</emphasis> account, in which all
+ periodic depreciation expenses are recorded. In &app;, this is an account type
+ <emphasis>expense</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Below is a generic account hierarchy for tracking the depreciation of 2 assets,
+ <emphasis>ITEM1</emphasis> and <emphasis>ITEM2</emphasis>. The <emphasis>Asset Cost</emphasis>
+ accounts are balanced by the <emphasis>Bank</emphasis> account, the <emphasis>Accumulated
+ Depreciation</emphasis> account is balanced by the <emphasis>Expenses:Depreciation</emphasis>
+ account.
+ </para>
+<screen>
+-Assets
+ -Fixed Assets
+ -ITEM1
+ -Cost (Asset Cost account)
+ -Depreciation (Accumulated Depreciation account)
+ -ITEM2
+ -Cost (Asset Cost account)
+ -Depreciation (Accumulated Depreciation account)
+ -Current Assets
+ -Bank
+-Expense
+ -Depreciation (Depreciation Expense account)</screen>
+ <para>One of the features of the account hierarchy shown above is that you can readily see some important
+ summary values about your depreciating asset. The <emphasis>Assets:Fixed
+ Assets:ITEM1</emphasis> account total shows you the current estimated value for item1, the
+ <emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:ITEM1:Cost</emphasis> shows you what you originally paid for
+ item1, <emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:ITEM1:Depreciation</emphasis> shows you your accrued
+ depreciation for item1, and finally, <emphasis>Expenses:Depreciation</emphasis> demonstrates
+ the total accrued depreciation of all your assets.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>It is certainly possible to use a different account hierarchy. One popular account setup is to
+ combine the <emphasis>Asset Cost</emphasis> and <emphasis>Accrued Depreciation</emphasis>
+ asset accounts. This has the advantage of having fewer accounts cluttering your account
+ hierarchy, but with the disadvantage that to determine some of the summary details mentioned
+ in the paragraph above you will have to open the account register windows. As with most
+ things, there are many ways to do it, find a way that works best for you.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The actual input of the depreciation amounts is done by hand every accounting period. There is no
+ way in &app; (as of yet) to perform the depreciation scheme calculations automatically, or to
+ input the values automatically into the appropriate accounts. However, since an accounting
+ period is typically one year, this really is not much work to do by hand.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="dep_example1">
+ <title>Example</title>
+
+ <para>Let’s go ahead and step through an example. Imagine you are a photographer and you use a car
+ and an expensive camera for your personal business. You will want to track the depreciation on
+ these items, because you can probably deduct the depreciation from your business taxes.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The first step is to build the account hierarchy (as shown in the previous section, replace
+ <emphasis>ITEM1</emphasis> and <emphasis>ITEM2</emphasis> with <quote>car</quote> and
+ <quote>camera</quote>). Now, record the purchase of your assets by transferring the money from
+ your bank account to the appropriate <emphasis>Asset Cost</emphasis> accounts for each item
+ (eg: the <emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:Car:Cost</emphasis> account for the car). In this
+ example, you start with $30k in the bank, the car cost $20k and the camera cost $10k and were
+ both purchased on January 1, 2000.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Asset Accounts Before Depreciation</title>
+ <screenshot id="dep_example">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/dep_example.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>The asset accounts still only have the investments stored.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Looking at the tax codes, we realize that we must report depreciation on these items using the
+ <quote>sum of digits</quote> scheme, over a 5 year period. So, the yearly depreciation amounts
+ for the car come to $6667, $5333, $4000, $2667, $1333 for years 1 to 5 respectively, rounded
+ to the nearest dollar. The yearly depreciation amounts for the camera are $3333, $2667, $2000,
+ $1333, $667. Consult the previous section on Depreciation Schemes for the formula for
+ calculating these values.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For each accounting period (IE: fiscal year) you record the depreciation as an expense in the
+ appropriate <emphasis>Accrued Depreciation</emphasis> account (eg: the <emphasis>Assets:Fixed
+ Assets:Car:Depreciation</emphasis> account for the car). The two windows below show your
+ car’s accrued depreciation account and the main window after the third year (IE: three
+ periods) of depreciation using this <guilabel>sum of digits</guilabel> scheme.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Asset Depreciation In The Register</title>
+ <screenshot id="dep_assetreg">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/dep_assetreg.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This account shows a list of depreciation transactions.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Accounts Tab After Asset Depreciation</title>
+ <screenshot id="dep_assetmain">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/dep_assetmain.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>The asset accounts got decreased by the depreciation.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>A Word of Caution: Since depreciation and tax issues are closely related, you may not always be free
+ in choosing your preferred method. Fixing wrong calculations will cost a whole lot more time
+ and trouble than getting the calculations right the first time, so if you plan to depreciate
+ assets, it is wise to make sure of the schemes you will be permitted or required to use.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_expenses.xml b/zh/guide/ch_expenses.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..78b01ee2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_expenses.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.6.0
+ Last modified: September 12th 2016
+ modified: September 12th 2016
+ Maintainers:
+ Alex Aycinena <alex.aycinena at gmail.com>
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
+ Originally written by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_expenses">
+ <title>费用科目</title>
+
+ <para>If managing your checkbook is the first step in tracking your finances, then using expense accounts
+ to see where you are expending money is a close second step. This chapter will give you an
+ understanding of how &app; uses expense accounts to help you keep track of many different
+ categories of transactions.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="expenses-concepts">
+ <title>Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>An expense type account is used to allow you to track how much you spend on specific expenses. Many
+ people's first experience with tracking expenses comes from Quicken(tm), where transactions
+ can be assigned to one or more categories. In &app;, these categories are set up as separate
+ accounts, which are designated as Expense type accounts. This allows &app; to apply the rules
+ of double-entry accounting consistently. Expense accounts can be as detailed or as general as
+ you need. Some users need only a few accounts for personal expense tracking. Others use &app;
+ expense accounts to manage their expenses in great detail. The level of detail you choose is
+ up to you. Keep in mind that with &app;, you can change accounts for transactions, so if your
+ needs change later on, it is possible to move transactions around.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="expenses-setup">
+ <title>Setting Up Accounts</title>
+
+ <sect2 id="expenses-su-simple">
+ <title>Simple Expense Account Setup</title>
+
+ <para>For many users, the easiest way to set up expense accounts is to check the "Common Accounts" when
+ you create a new Account Hierarchy. This will establish many of the most common expense
+ accounts that users need. See "New Account Hierarchy Setup" in Chapter 3 of the &app; Manual
+ for more information.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="expenses-su-complex">
+ <title>Complex Expense Account Setup</title>
+
+ <para>If you have different expense accounting needs, you can refer to
+ <xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref>, or Chapter 5.4 in the &app; Manual for instructions on
+ how to create accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Typical reasons for adding new or different expense accounts include: to track expenses for
+ particular business purposes (e.g., specific types of supply expenses), to track expenses
+ for particular tax purposes (e.g., tax expenses that must be reported to others), or simply
+ to track expenses that are meaningful to you (e.g., payments made to a particular charity).
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="expenses-entering">
+ <title>Entering Expense Transactions</title>
+
+ <para>While it is possible to enter transactions directly into expense accounts, it is not normally how
+ these are entered. For most people, transactions for an expense account are added when the
+ user is entering data into the other account in the transaction. In other words, if you have
+ an expense account for Charitable Donations (e.g., Expenses:Charity), you will typically add a
+ transaction to the expense account by assigning a check in your checking account register to
+ the Charity account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you open an expense account, you will see a register similar to most others you find in &app;.
+ The informal column headings for the transaction amounts are slightly different, however. The
+ left (debit) column will read <emphasis>Tot Expense</emphasis>, while the right (credit)
+ column will read <emphasis>Tot Rebate</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="expenses-other">
+ <title>Other Considerations for Expense Accounts</title>
+
+ <para>Because expense accounts are generated entirely by you, there are no statements against which you
+ would reconcile your data. Therefore, there is technically nothing to reconcile. You can, of
+ course use the reconcile process for expense accounts, which will lock the transactions for
+ future editing.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>One point to consider is that as your use of &app; continues, the balances in these accounts will
+ grow, since there are usually very few credit transactions that reduce the balances. There is
+ nothing wrong with this situation, but some users may wish to clear the balances in their
+ expense accounts periodically. Zeroing transactions can be entered that transfer the balance
+ of the account to an Equity account. &app; includes a Closing Books procedure that includes
+ zeroing out expense accounts. Keep in mind that this is not necessary, and that if you need to
+ gather information on a given expense account, you can use various reports to extract that
+ data without zeroing the account out.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_import_business_data.xml b/zh/guide/ch_import_business_data.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5478cc4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_import_business_data.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,946 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!-- (Do not remove this comment block.)
+
+Version: 3.4.0
+Last modified: 2019-01-13
+
+Maintainers:
+
+Author:
+ Mike Evans <mikee at saxicola.co.uk>
+Updated:
+ Rob Laan <rob.laan at chello.nl>
+
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="ch_import_bus_data">
+ <title>Importing Business Data</title>
+
+ <sect1 id="busnss-imp-bills-invoices">
+ <title>Importing Bills and Invoices</title>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-inv-general">
+ <title>General</title>
+
+ <para>This functionality creates invoices or bills from a csv import file containing rows of invoice entry
+ data. The import file may contain rows for new and/or existing invoices. If an invoice
+ already exists, &app; adds the imported entries to the invoice (unless the invoice is
+ already posted). If the import file contains posting data for an invoice, then &app; will
+ also attempt to post the invoice. If any row of an invoice contains an error, &app; will
+ ignore all rows of the same invoice.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The field separator in the csv file must be either a comma or a semicolon; field values may be
+ enclosed in double quotes.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For the sake of readability, in this chapter the term <quote>invoice</quote> by itself is used to
+ refer to both customer invoices and vendor bills.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-inv-file-format">
+ <title>The format of the import file</title>
+
+ <para>The import file should contain rows of invoice entry data. Any row contains both header and entry
+ fields, but &app; takes the invoice header data from the first row of an invoice ID. For
+ informational purposes, the header data may be repeated for each subsequent row of the same
+ invoice.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>There is no information in the file to indicate whether it concerns customer invoice or vendor bill
+ data. Instead, a user option in the import dialog makes that distinction.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Each row should contain the fields listed below, in the same sequence, separated by a comma or a
+ semicolon. The fields are listed here by their technical name, which &app; uses in the
+ preview of the import data.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>id</prompt></emphasis> - The invoice ID. If the invoice ID is blank, &app;
+ replaces it with the invoice ID from the previous row. If the invoice ID already exists,
+ &app; will add the entries to the existing invoice (unless it is already posted).
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>date_opened</prompt></emphasis> - Use the same date format as defined in
+ Preferences. Defaulted to today's date if left blank, or if the date provided is not
+ valid.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>owner_id</prompt></emphasis> - Customer or vendor number. Mandatory in the first
+ data row of an invoice. If not provided, all rows of the same invoice will be ignored.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>billingid</prompt></emphasis> - Billing ID. Optional
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>notes</prompt></emphasis> - Invoice notes. Optional.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>date</prompt></emphasis> - The date of the entry. Defaulted to date opened if left
+ blank, or if the date provided is not valid.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>desc</prompt></emphasis> - Description. Optional
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>action</prompt></emphasis> - Action. Optional
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>account</prompt></emphasis> - Account for the entry. Mandatory in each row. If not
+ provided or invalid, all rows of the same invoice will be ignored.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>quantity</prompt></emphasis> - Quantity. Defaulted to 1 if left blank.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>price</prompt></emphasis> - Price. Mandatory for each row. If not provided, all
+ rows of the same invoice will be ignored.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>disc_type</prompt></emphasis> - Type of discount. Optional. Only relevant for
+ invoices, not for bills. Use <quote>%</quote> or blank for percentage value, anything
+ else for monetary value.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>disc_how</prompt></emphasis> - Discount how. Optional. Only relevant for invoices,
+ not for bills. Use <quote>></quote> for discount applied after tax, <quote>=</quote>
+ for discount and tax applied before tax, and <quote><</quote>, blank or anything else
+ for discount applied before tax.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>discount</prompt></emphasis> - Amount or percentage of discount. Optional. Only
+ relevant for invoices, not for bills
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>taxable</prompt></emphasis> - Is this entry taxable? Optional. Use
+ <quote>Y</quote> or <quote>X</quote> for yes, <quote>N</quote> or blank for no.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>taxincluded</prompt></emphasis> - Is tax included in the item price? Optional. Use
+ <quote>Y</quote> or <quote>X</quote> for yes, <quote>N</quote> or blank for no.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>tax_table</prompt></emphasis> - Tax table. Optional. If the tax table provided
+ does not exist, it will be blank in the invoice.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>date_posted</prompt></emphasis> - Date posted. Optional. Use the same date format
+ as defined in Preferences. If you provide a date posted for the first row of an invoice,
+ &app; will attempt to also post the invoice (as opposed to only saving or updating it).
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>due_date</prompt></emphasis> - Due date. Optional. Use the same date format as
+ defined in Preferences. Defaulted to date posted, if left blank. Only relevant in the
+ first row of an invoice, if the invoice is posted.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>account_posted</prompt></emphasis> - Post to account, for vendor or customer
+ posting. Only mandatory in the first row of an invoice, if the invoice is posted.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>memo_posted </prompt></emphasis> - Memo. Optional. Only relevant in the first row
+ of an invoice, if the invoice is posted.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>accu_splits</prompt></emphasis> - Accumulate splits? Optional. Use
+ <quote>Y</quote> or <quote>X</quote> for yes, <quote>N</quote> or blank for no. Only
+ relevant in the first row of an invoice, if the invoice is posted. If you use a
+ spreadsheet program to create the import file, it is advised not to use blank for no,
+ because a final column with only blanks may not be recognized as relevant data when the
+ spreadsheet program creates the csv file.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <note id="busnss-imp-inv-file-format-note">
+ <title>Note on double quotes</title>
+
+ <para>If you use the field separator character within a field, the field value should be enclosed in
+ double quotes. Only for the fields description (desc) and notes, can you also include a
+ double quote within a quoted field value, by doubling the double quote. E.g.
+ <literal>"This field value uses the separator, and a ""quoted"" word"</literal>, would be
+ imported as <literal>This field value uses the separator, and a "quoted" word</literal>.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>Example content for two bills; one of 2 entries, and one of 3 entries. The first is saved and
+ posted, the second only saved. Using comma field separator, decimal point and dd/mm/yyyy
+ date format.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><programlisting>
+1204;15/12/2018;2001;PO 210220;Special delivery;16/12/2018;Pride and Prejudice;pc;Expenses:Books;1;30.00;;;;X;;A1;17/12/2018;17/1/2019;Liabilities:Accounts Payable;;X
+1204;15/12/2018;2001;PO 210220;Special delivery;16/12/2018;Electronic principles;pc;Expenses:Books;1;50.00;;;;X;;A1;17/12/2018;17/1/2019;Liabilities:Accounts Payable;;X
+1205;15/12/2018;2044;PO 21099;;16/12/2018;Ultimate Guide;pc;Expenses:Books;1;10.01;;;;;;;;;;;
+1205;15/12/2018;2044;PO 21099;;16/12/2018;Dinner & drinks;pc;Expenses:Dining;1;10.01;;;;;;;;;;;
+1205;15/12/2018;2044;PO 21099;;16/12/2018;UG course;pc;Expenses:Education;1;10.01;;;;;;;;;;;
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Example content for one customer invoice, with one entry, including tax and discount. Using comma
+ field separator, decimal point and dd/mm/yyyy date format. The the value of the description
+ field contains the separator character.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><programlisting>
+20221;16/12/2018;1001;Order 3378;Discount as agreed;4/12/2018;"Accounting part 1, 2";ea;Income:Other Income;1;769.95;%;=;10;X;N;A1;16/12/2018;16/01/2019;Assets:Accounts Receivable;Posted by import;X
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-inv-import-data">
+ <title>Import your data</title>
+
+ <para>To import your invoice data, navigate to
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Import</guimenuitem> <guimenuitem>Import Bills &
+ Invoices…</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ to open a new import dialog, and provide the necessary information.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>1. Choose the file to import</guilabel> - Select your import file, or manually type the
+ path and file name.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>2. Select import type</guilabel> - Select the import type, either
+ <guilabel>Bill</guilabel> or <guilabel>Invoice</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>3. Select import options</guilabel> - Select your csv format. Use the <guilabel>with
+ quotes</guilabel> options if your file contains fields enclosed in double quotes. These
+ options also match fields not enclosed in quotes; except for the fields for description
+ and notes, fields should not contain the quote character itself. See
+ <xref linkend="busnss-imp-inv-file-format-note" /> above. Use one of the other options
+ if your file does not have fields enclosed in quotes; any quote characters in the file
+ will be imported as is.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>4. Preview</guilabel> - Once you have selected your import file and csv format, &app;
+ shows you a preview of the data. You can verify if your data is listed in the correct
+ columns. If you do not see any rows in the preview, then &app; was not able to match
+ your import data rows to the selected csv format. See
+ <xref linkend="busnss-imp-inv-errors" /> below.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>5. Afterwards</guilabel> - You can choose if &app; should open tabs for the invoices after
+ the import. Either for all invoices, or for the invoices that are saved but not posted,
+ or for none of the invoices. Opening tabs slows down the import process considerably.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Start the import</emphasis> - If you are satisfied with your selections, hit the
+ <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button to start the import.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>If your data file contains invoice IDs that already exist, then &app; will ask you (once per import
+ session) to confirm that you want to update existing invoices. If not confirmed, all rows
+ for existing invoices will be ignored.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Internally, &app; uses so called regular expressions to match the import rows to the data fields.
+ The import option <guilabel>Custom regular expression</guilabel> offers the option to use
+ your own regular expression for this matching process. Obviously, this option requires
+ that you are well versed in regular expressions. When you choose the option
+ <guilabel>Custom regular expression</guilabel>, &app; opens a window in which you can edit
+ the &app; regular expression, or replace it with your own. Your regular expression should
+ contain a named subpattern for each of the fields of the csv file (using the technical
+ names). A custom regular expression could be useful if the rows of your source data file
+ contain all required fields, but in a different order or format. E.g. if the format of
+ your source data file starts with customer number, followed by invoice ID, followed by the
+ due date, and uses | as separator, your regular expression would start with something like
+ this:
+ </para>
+
+ <para><programlisting>
+ ^(?<owner_id>[^|]*)\|(?<id>[^|]*)\|(?<due_date>[^|]*)
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>With a custom regular expression, &app; could import your source data files, without the need to
+ convert them to the &app; import format.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-inv-feedback">
+ <title>Feedback and statistics</title>
+
+ <para>&app; executes the import process in three steps:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>Import</prompt></emphasis> - Imports the data file and attempts to match each row
+ to the data fields.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>Validation and adjustment</prompt></emphasis> - Validates the data fields and
+ replaces data with defaults if applicable.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>Processing</prompt></emphasis> - Handles the currency related validations, and
+ creates, updates and posts the invoices.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>After all steps have finished, &app; issues information about the result of the process. The initial
+ dialog shows the informational or error messages from the validation and processing steps.
+ The second dialog shows the statistics of the process:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import - rows ignored: the number of rows that could not be matched to the data fields.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import - rows imported: the number of rows that were successfully matched to the data fields.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Processing and validation - rows fixed: the number of rows for which a default value was used for a
+ field.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Processing and validation - rows ignored: the number of rows for that were not processed because of
+ a validation error.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Processing and validation - invoices created: the number of invoices created.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Processing and validation - invoices updated: the number of invoices that were updated.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>If there were unmatched rows in the import step, a final dialog shows the actual rows that could not
+ be matched.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-inv-errors">
+ <title>What could go wrong?</title>
+
+ <sect3 id ="busnss-imp-inv-err-import">
+ <title>Errors in the import step</title>
+
+ <para>If the statistics show unmatched rows under <quote>Import - rows ignored</quote>, then there is some
+ issue with the format of your import file. Verify that you use and select the correct
+ separator. Verify that your data rows have exactly 21 separator characters (1 for each
+ field, except for the last). Verify whether you use the separator character within a data
+ field; if so, enclose the field in double quotes.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you use one of the <guilabel>with quotes</guilabel> import options, verify if you use the double
+ quote character in any of the data field values; if within the description or notes
+ fields, make sure that the field value is quoted, and precede each double quote within the
+ field with an extra double quote; if within any other field, remove the double quote
+ character.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id ="busnss-imp-inv-err-validation">
+ <title>Errors in the validation step</title>
+
+ <para>The following errors can occur in the validation step. Any error in a data row will cause all rows
+ of the same invoice to be ignored.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>In versions 3.4 and earlier, an error in a data row would cause just that row to be ignored, as
+ opposed all rows of the same invoice.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The field <prompt>ID</prompt> is blank. &app; replaces a blank invoice ID with the invoice ID from
+ the previous row. But the first row of the import file should always have an invoice
+ ID.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The field <prompt>owner_id</prompt> is blank. Every first row of an invoice should have an owner_id.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The customer or vendor number in field <prompt>owner_id</prompt> does not exist. The owner_id in the
+ first row of an invoice should be an existing customer (for invoices) or vendor (for
+ bills).
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The date in field <prompt>date_posted</prompt> is not a valid date. If you provide a value for
+ date_posted in the first row of an invoice, it should be a valid date. Did you use the
+ date format as set in Preferences?
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The account in the field <prompt>account_posted</prompt> does not exist. If you provide a value for
+ the field <prompt>date_posted</prompt> in the first row of an invoice, the field
+ <prompt>account_posted</prompt> should be an existing account.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The account in the field <prompt>account_posted</prompt> is not of type Accounts Receivable (for
+ invoices) or Accounts Payable (for bills). If you provide a value for the field
+ <prompt>date_posted</prompt> in the first row of an invoice, the field
+ <prompt>account_posted</prompt> should be an account of the correct type.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The field <prompt>price</prompt> is blank. Every row should have a value for the field
+ <prompt>price</prompt>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The account in the field <prompt>account</prompt> does not exist. Every row should have an existing
+ account in the field <prompt>account</prompt>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>Any error in the validation step is listed after the overall import process completes. Correct your
+ data file accordingly.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id ="busnss-imp-inv-err-processing">
+ <title>Errors in the processing step</title>
+
+ <para>The following errors can occur in the processing step.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The invoice cannot be updated because it is already posted. All rows of the same invoice will be
+ ignored. If you want to update the existing invoice, unpost it first in &app;.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The currency of the invoice differs from the currency of the account posted (<quote>Invoice x NOT
+ posted because currencies don't match</quote>). &app; determines the currency of the
+ invoice either from the customer or vendor master data (for a new invoice) or from the
+ invoice itself (for an existing invoice). The currency of the invoice must agree with
+ the currency of the post to account in the field <prompt>account_posted</prompt>.
+ &app; creates the invoice but cannot post it. Manually correct the invoice in &app;.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The invoice requires currency conversion. (<quote>Invoice x NOT posted because it requires currency
+ conversion</quote>). The invoice contains entries on accounts with different
+ currencies, or the currency of the entries differs from the currency of the post to
+ account. For such an invoice, &app; needs exchange rates to translate the currency
+ amounts. &app; creates the invoice but cannot post it. Post the invoice manually in
+ &app;, and provide the requested exchange rates.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-inv-not-supported">
+ <title>Not supported invoice functionality</title>
+
+ <para>Currently the invoice import function does not support (at least) the following:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import of billing terms and job.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import of customer and job in default chargeback project for bills.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Application of billing terms from customer or vendor master data.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Automatic numbering of invoices.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Credit notes.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="busnss-imp-customer-vendor">
+ <title>Importing Customers and Vendors</title>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-cv-general">
+ <title>General</title>
+
+ <para>This functionality creates and updates customers and vendors from a csv import file containing rows
+ of vendor/customer master data. The import file may contain rows for new and/or existing
+ customers/vendors. If a customer/vendor already exists, &app; updates the existing
+ customer/vendor.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-cv-file-format">
+ <title>The format of the import file</title>
+
+ <para>The import file should contain rows of customer/vendor data, one row for each customer/vendor. The
+ customer/vendor is identified by the customer/vendor number in the field <prompt>id</prompt>
+ of the data rows. If the field is blank, &app; will use the next number from the relevant
+ counter (set in the <guilabel>Counters</guilabel> tab under
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ ).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>There is no data in the file to indicate whether it concerns customer or vendor master data.
+ Instead, a user option in the import dialog makes that distinction.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Each row should contain the fields listed below, in the same sequence, separated by a comma or a
+ semicolon. The fields are listed here by their technical name, which &app; uses in the
+ preview of the import data.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>id</prompt></emphasis> - The customer/vendor number. If it is for an existing
+ customer/vendor, &app; will update the customer/vendor. Note that in &app; e.g. '000010'
+ is a different customer number than '10'. If the id field is empty, &app; will use the
+ next number from the relevant counter.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>company</prompt></emphasis> - The company name. If it is left blank, it is
+ defaulted to the value of field <prompt>name</prompt>. If that is also blank, then the
+ row is ignored.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>name</prompt></emphasis> - Billing address - Name. Optional.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>addr1</prompt></emphasis> - Billing address - Address line 1. At least one of the
+ four address lines of the billing address must be filled. If not, then the row is
+ ignored.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>addr2</prompt></emphasis> - Billing address - Address line 2.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>addr3</prompt></emphasis> - Billing address - Address line 3.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>addr4</prompt></emphasis> - Billing address - Address line 4.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>phone</prompt></emphasis> - Billing address - Phone. Optional
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>fax</prompt></emphasis> - Billing address - Fax. Optional
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>email</prompt></emphasis> - Billing address - Email. Optional
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>notes</prompt></emphasis> - Notes. Optional
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>shipname</prompt></emphasis> - Shipping information - Name. Optional. Not relevant
+ for vendors.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>shipaddr1</prompt></emphasis> - Shipping information - Address line 1. Optional.
+ Not relevant for vendors.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>shipaddr2</prompt></emphasis> - Shipping information - Address line 2. Optional.
+ Not relevant for vendors.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>shipaddr3</prompt></emphasis> - Shipping information - Address line 3. Optional.
+ Not relevant for vendors.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>shipaddr4</prompt></emphasis> - Shipping information - Address line 4. Optional.
+ Not relevant for vendors.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>shipphone</prompt></emphasis> - Shipping information - Phone. Optional. Not
+ relevant for vendors.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>shipfax</prompt></emphasis> - Shipping information - Fax. Optional. Not relevant
+ for vendors.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>shipmail</prompt></emphasis> - Shipping information - Email. Optional. Not
+ relevant for vendors.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>Example content for a customer with a separate shipping address. Using a semicolon for separator.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><code>2201;All Star Company;All Star Company;Union Avenue 776;San
+ Juan;CA;;0482938838;;contact at allstar.com;Last contacted on 4/4/2018.;All Star Company; John
+ Alderman, Office 456;Union Avenue 777;San Juan;CA;78998766;;alderman at allstar.com</code>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Example content for a vendor; no ID given, so &app; will take the next number from the counter.
+ Using a comma for separator.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><code>,Johnson Supplies,Johnson Supplies,Electric Park
+ 56,Plains,VA,,0482986538,,jack at johnson.com,Discount negotiated,,,,,,,,</code>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>All fields by technical name in the required sequence.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><code>id, company, name, addr1, addr2, addr3, addr4, phone, fax, email, notes, shipname, shipaddr1,
+ shipaddr2, shipaddr3, shipaddr4, shiphone, shipfax, shipmail</code>
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-cv-import-data">
+ <title>Import your data</title>
+
+ <para>To import your customer or vendor data, navigate to
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Import</guimenuitem> <guimenuitem>Import Customes
+ & Vendors…</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ to open a new import dialog, and provide the necessary information.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>1. Choose the file to import</guilabel> - Select your import file, or manually type the
+ path and file name.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>2. Select import type</guilabel> - Select the import type, either
+ <guilabel>Customer</guilabel> or <guilabel>Vendor</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>3. Select import options</guilabel> - Select your csv format. Use the <guilabel>with
+ quotes</guilabel> options if your file contains fields enclosed in double quotes. These
+ options also match fields not enclosed in double quotes, but fields should not contain
+ the double quote character itself. Use one of the other options if your file does not
+ have fields enclosed in quotes; any double quote characters in the file will then be
+ imported as is.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>4. Preview</guilabel> - Once you have selected your import file and csv format, &app;
+ shows you a preview of the data. You can verify if your data is listed in the correct
+ columns. If you do not see any rows in the preview, then &app; was not able to match
+ your import data rows to the selected csv format. See
+ <xref linkend="busnss-imp-cv-errors" /> below.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Start the import</emphasis> - If you are satisfied with your selections, hit the
+ <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button to start the import.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Internally, &app; uses so called regular expressions to match the import rows to the data fields.
+ The import option <guilabel>Custom regular expression</guilabel> offers the option to use
+ your own regular expression for this matching process. Obviously, this option requires
+ that you are well versed in regular expressions. When you choose the option
+ <guilabel>Custom regular expression</guilabel>, &app; opens a window in which you can edit
+ the &app; regular expression, or replace it with your own. Your regular expression should
+ contain a named subpattern for each of the fields of the csv file (using the technical
+ names). A custom regular expression could be useful if the rows of your source data file
+ contain all necessary fields, but in a different order or format. E.g. if the format of
+ your source data file starts with customer number, followed by company name, name, and one
+ address field, and that is all you want to import, then your custom regular expression
+ would be something like this (using comma as a separator):
+ </para>
+
+ <para><programlisting>
+^(?<company>[^,]*),(?<id>[^,]*),(?<name>[^,]*),(?<addr1>[^,]*),(?<addr2>[^,]*),(?<addr3>[^,]*)$
+ </programlisting>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>With a custom regular expression, &app; could import your source data files, without the need to
+ convert them to the &app; import format.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-cv-feedback">
+ <title>Feedback and statistics</title>
+
+ <para>&app; executes the import process in three steps:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>Import</prompt></emphasis> - Imports the data file and attempts to match each row
+ to the data fields.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>Validation and adjustment</prompt></emphasis> - Validates the data fields and
+ replaces data with defaults if applicable.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis><prompt>Processing</prompt></emphasis> - Creates or updates the vendor or customer master
+ data.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>After all steps have finished, &app; issues information about the result of the process. The initial
+ dialog shows the statistics of the process:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import results - lines ignored: the number of rows that could not be matched to the data fields.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import results - lines imported: the number of rows that were successfully matched to the data
+ fields.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import results - customers/vendors fixed: the number of rows for which a default value was used for
+ a field.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import results - customers/vendors ignored: the number of rows for that were not processed because
+ of a validation error.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import results - customers/vendors created: the number of customers/vendors created.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import results - customers/vendors updated: the number of customers/vendors that were updated.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>If there were unmatched rows in the import step, a final dialog shows the actual rows that could not
+ be matched.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-cv-errors">
+ <title>What could go wrong?</title>
+
+ <sect3 id ="busnss-imp-cv-err-import">
+ <title>Errors in the import step</title>
+
+ <para>If the statistics show unmatched rows under <quote>Import results - lines ignored</quote>, then
+ there is some issue with the format of your import file. Verify that you use and select
+ the correct separator. Verify that your data rows have exactly 18 separator characters (1
+ for each field, except for the last). Verify whether you use the separator character
+ within a data field; if so, enclose the field in double quotes.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you use one of the <guilabel>with quotes</guilabel> import options, verify if you use the double
+ quote character in any of the data field values. If so, remove them; importing double
+ quotes as is, is not supported when using the <guilabel>with quotes</guilabel> import
+ options.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id ="busnss-imp-cv-err-validation">
+ <title>Errors in the validation step</title>
+
+ <para>If the statistics show rows under <quote>Import results - customers/vendors ignored</quote>, then
+ data rows were ignored because of one of the errors below:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The field <prompt>company</prompt> and the field <prompt>name</prompt> are both blank. The field
+ <prompt>company</prompt> is mandatory; if it is blank, then it is defaulted to the
+ value of the field <prompt>name</prompt>, but if both are blank, then the data row
+ cannot be processed.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The fields <prompt>addr1</prompt>, <prompt>addr2</prompt>, <prompt>addr3</prompt> and
+ <prompt>addr4</prompt> are all blank. At least one of these fields must have a value,
+ otherwise the data row cannot be processed.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="busnss-imp-cv-not-supported">
+ <title>Not supported customer/vendor functionality</title>
+
+ <para>Currently the customer/vendor import function does not support (at least) the following:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import of any of the fields in the customer tab for billing information: currency, terms, discount,
+ credit limit, tax included and tax table.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Import of any of the fields in the vendor tab for payment information: currency, terms, tax included
+ and tax table.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_importing.xml b/zh/guide/ch_importing.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..883845c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_importing.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,868 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: December 7th 2009
+ modified: July 9th 2006
+ Maintainers:
+ Author:
+
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_importing">
+ <title>将数æ®å¯¼å…¥&app;</title>
+
+ <para>æ¤ç« 将详述å‘&app;导入数æ®çš„具体æ¥éª¤ã€‚
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="importing-from-files">
+ <title>从文件导入交易数æ®</title>
+
+ <important>
+ <title>Outdated</title>
+
+ <para>This is an older version of
+ <ulink url="&url-docs-C;help/trans-import.html"><quote>Common Transaction
+ Operations</quote> in the manual</ulink>. Better continue there until this update anomaly is
+ resolved.
+ </para>
+ </important>
+
+ <para>Imported transactions will generally be to a specific account in your account tree. In the following
+ this will be referred to as the <emphasis role="bold">import</emphasis> or
+ <emphasis role="bold">base</emphasis> account. It may or may not be specified in the data
+ being imported, depending on the import format. It is usually the first split of a transaction
+ being imported.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>All transactions will also must have a <emphasis role="bold">destination</emphasis> account for at
+ least matching splits. This may or may not be supplied in the imported data. If it is not, an
+ account can be assigned on the basis of the previous import history by matching to infomation
+ in the imported data. The user may always over-ride this assignment.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Multi-split data previously exported from GnuCash may have both the import and destination accounts
+ for transaction splits specified in the data file.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>File Import Formats</title>
+
+ <para>Gnucash allows transactions to be imported in the following formats:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold"><link linkend="importing-qif">QIF</link></emphasis> (.qif) Quicken Interchange
+ format - import data from Quicken financial software;
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold"><link linkend="importing-ofx">OFX/QFX</link></emphasis> (.ofx,.qfx) Open
+ Financial eXchange format (QXF is an Intuit/Quicken proprietary version of OFX);
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold"><link linkend="importing-csv">CSV</link></emphasis> (.csv) Comma Separated
+ Values;
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold"><link linkend="importing-mt940">MT940</link></emphasis> MT940
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold"><link linkend="importing-mt942">MT942</link></emphasis> MT942
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold"><link linkend="importing-dtaus">DTAUS</link></emphasis> DTAUS
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>These import methods can be accessed from
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>File</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Import ...</guisubmenu>
+ </menuchoice>
+ .
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="importing-matcher">
+ <title>Import Matcher</title>
+
+ <para>Several of the Import Assistants use an Import Matcher to implement a Bayesian approach to assign
+ destination accounts, if such accounts are not specified in the imported data, to each
+ imported transaction based on the previous import history of the import account. It also
+ attempts to match the transactions being imported to any existing transactions based on the
+ date and the description fields
+<!-- FIXME add any other fields used in matching -->
+ .
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Transaction rows which match existing transactions already in the import account are flagged not to
+ be imported. They will have a light green background and the A and U+R checkboxes will be
+ unchecked and the R checkbox will be checked. To override and import the transaction, check
+ the A checkbox. The U and R boxes will be unchecked automatically. The reliability of the
+ match is indicated by a bar display in the Info column. If a destination account for the
+ second split is assigned by the matcher if will be appended to the info column.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Transaction rows which do not match existing transactions in the import account, for which an
+ assignment of a destination account cannot be made on the basis of the previous import
+ history to the account, will be displayed with an orange-yellow background and the A box
+ will be checked and U+R and R unchecked. A destination account must be specified for these
+ transactions.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Assign a Destination Account to a Single Transaction</title>
+
+ <para>The currently selected row is selected by Left-clicking it. It is displayed with a mid dark green
+ background.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Double click</emphasis> on a row. This will select it and open an Account
+ Selection dialog. Select the desired destination account in the dialog and click
+ <guilabel>OK</guilabel>. The row background will change to a light green and the assigned
+ destination account will be displayed in the Info column.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>or alternatively, <emphasis role="bold">Left-click</emphasis> on a row to select it followed by a
+ <emphasis role="bold">Right-click </emphasis>to bring up a popup menu then select "Assign
+ a transfer account" to display the Account Selection dialog, select the destination
+ account and click the <guilabel>OK</guilabel> button.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Assign a Destination Account to Multiple Transactions</title>
+
+ <para>Sometimes you will have several transactions which will have the same destination account. Gnucash
+ allows you to select multiple transactions and apply the same destination account to all
+ transactions in the selection.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Rows in a selection are displayed with a mid dark green background.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Multiple rows may be selected to have the same destination account assigned to them.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To select rows either:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Left click</emphasis> on first row and then <emphasis role="bold">Ctrl-Left
+ click</emphasis> on other rows to add to the selection or
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Left-click</emphasis> on a first row and then
+ <emphasis role="bold">Shift-Left-click</emphasis> on another row to select all rows
+ between them.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>then <emphasis role="bold">Right-click</emphasis> to display a popup menu and then select
+ <emphasis role="bold">"Assign a transfer account"</emphasis> to open the Account Selection
+ dialog. Select the desired destination account and click the <guilabel>OK</guilabel>
+ button in the Account Selection dialog.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Completing the Import</title>
+
+ <para>Once you have assigned destination accounts for all the imported transactions using the above
+ methods (all row backgrounds will be a light green colour), check that the assigned
+ destination acounts are correct and then press the <guilabel>OK</guilabel> button at the
+ bottom of the Generic Import Matcher window. The transactions selected for import will
+ have their splits added to the selected source and destination accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The choices made for the destination accounts and description/memo fields are remembered and stored
+ and used for future imports to the same account to automatically assign a destination
+ account for transaction records not containing destination account information.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="importing-qif">
+ <title>Import QIF</title>
+
+ <para>To import data from Quicken®, MS Money, or other programs that use QIF(Quicken® Interchange
+ Format), you must first export your data to a QIF file. One way to do this is to export each
+ account as a separate QIF file. An easier way, available in Quicken® 98 and beyond, is to
+ export all accounts at once into a single QIF file. Check your program's manual to determine
+ if this option is available.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>To import QIF files:</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Load all of the QIF files containing data you wish to import</title>
+
+ <para>To do this, select <emphasis role="bold">File -> Import -> Import QIF...</emphasis> from the menu.
+ When the QIF Import dialog box appears, click <emphasis role="bold">Next</emphasis> and
+ follow the instructions to guide you through the process of loading your files.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This image shows the start of the QIF Import assistant.
+<!--FIXME put an image of the import druid in -->
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You will be prompted for a filename to load. Use the Select button to select your QIF file and click
+ Next to load it. Once the file is loaded, select Load another file if you have more files
+ to load. When you have loaded all your QIF files, click Next to continue with the import
+ process.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Review the GnuCash accounts to be created.</title>
+
+ <para>The importer then matches up your QIF accounts and categories with GnuCash accounts and gives you a
+ brief description of the matching process. Clicking Next will bring you to a view
+ comparing your QIF accounts with the corresponding GnuCash accounts created. To change an
+ account name, select the row containing that account name and edit the name in the dialog
+ box provided. Click Next when you have finished making changes, and proceed through a
+ similar category matching process. QIF income and expense categories import as GnuCash
+ income and expense accounts
+<!--(see section 3.1 FIXME for
+ more on this).-->
+ Make changes to these account names if necessary, and click Next to continue.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Note:</emphasis> If you are not sure what changes are needed, it is safe to
+ accept the GnuCash account names. It is easy to edit the accounts later if you find you
+ need to make a change.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>From the drop-down list, select a standard currency to be used for the imported accounts and click
+ <emphasis role="bold">Next</emphasis> to continue. If you have stocks, mutual funds, or
+ other securities, you will be prompted for additional information. The importer dialog
+ will ask for the exchange or listing (i.e. Nasdaq), the security's full name, and the
+ ticker symbol. If you do not have this information handy, you can edit the account
+ information later, once the import is complete. Click
+ <emphasis role="bold">Next</emphasis> to continue.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Tell GnuCash to import the data.</title>
+
+ <para>The last step is the import. Once you have verified your account names and investment information,
+ click <emphasis role="bold">Finish</emphasis> in the Update your GnuCash accounts page to
+ complete the import process. Depending upon the size of your file, the import might take a
+ few minutes to complete, so a progress bar displays the percentage finished. When the
+ import process is complete, GnuCash will return you to the main window, which should now
+ display the names of the accounts you imported.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+<!--
+ <sect2 id="importing-qif-from-help">
+ <title>Importing Quicken QIF Files</title>
+
+ <para>Many users seek to import their financial data from Quicken.</para>
+ <para>This Assistant helps you import Quicken <acronym>QIF</acronym> files. It will appear if
+ you choose <guibutton>Import my QIF files</guibutton> in the
+ <guilabel>Welcome to &appname;!</guilabel> menu, as well as from <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu>
+ <guisubmenu>Import ...</guisubmenu> <guimenuitem>Import QIF...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
+
+ <para>The import process involves several steps, which are presented in a
+ series of screens that are described below.</para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+
+ <para><guilabel>Import QIF files</guilabel> screen briefly describes the assistant.
+ The three buttons at the very bottom of the screen are used throughout the process
+ to navigate.</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guibutton>Cancel</guibutton>: exit the process and cancel importing
+ <acronym>QIF</acronym> files.</para>
+ <warning>
+ <para>If you choose to cancel at any point in the assistant, any selections you have made up to
+ this point will be lost.</para>
+ </warning>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guibutton>Back</guibutton>: return to the previous screen.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guibutton>Next</guibutton> move to the next screen.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+
+ <para><guilabel>Select a QIF file to load</guilabel> allows you to choose the
+ source <acronym>QIF</acronym> file. The <guibutton>Select...</guibutton> button on this
+ screen is used to access a list of files in your system. The
+ <guibutton>Select...</guibutton> button brings up the <guilabel>Select
+ QIF File</guilabel> dialog.</para>
+
+ <para>Navigate to where you have stored your <acronym>QIF</acronym> files and select the
+ first one then click <guibutton>Import</guibutton>. The next screen will
+ display it in the <guilabel>Select a QIF File to Load</guilabel>
+ field.</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>If the file you are loading does not have an <acronym>QIF</acronym> date listed
+ in it you will see the <guilabel>Set a date format for this QIF file</guilabel>
+ screen. Select the proper format from the pull down list and continue.</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>If the file you are loading does not have an account name listed
+ in it you will see the <guilabel>Set the default QIF account
+ name</guilabel> screen. Otherwise you will skip this screen and go on
+ to the screen in the next section that shows loaded <acronym>QIF</acronym> files.</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guilabel>Account name:</guilabel> field is used to set
+ an account name for this <acronym>QIF</acronym> file.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </note>
+
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The next screen shows you the <guilabel>QIF files you have
+ loaded</guilabel>. You can use this screen to return to the previous
+ screen and load more <acronym>QIF</acronym> files. It will also let you unload any files
+ you have loaded by mistake.</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The top panel shows the list of <guilabel>QIF Files</guilabel>
+ you have loaded.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guibutton>Load another file</guibutton> button takes you
+ back to the previous screen to load another <acronym>QIF</acronym> file.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guibutton>Unload selected file</guibutton> button allows you to
+ select a file from the top panel and remove it from the list.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>When you have selected all the <acronym>QIF</acronym> files to be imported, click the
+ <guibutton>Forward</guibutton> button.</para>
+
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+
+ <para>Depending on the type of data contained in the
+ <acronym>QIF</acronym> files to be imported, you may see only one or all of the following screens:</para>
+
+ <variablelist termlength="8">
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Accounts and stock holdings</guilabel></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>This screen gives a description of the <guilabel>Accounts and stock
+ holdings</guilabel> matching process on the following <guilabel>Match QIF
+ accounts with &appname; accounts</guilabel> screen.</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>This and other informational screens in the
+ <guilabel>Import QIF files</guilabel> assistant
+ can be turned off in the <guilabel>Online Banking</guilabel> tab (see <xref linkend="configuring-preferences-online-banking"/>)
+ under <guilabel>&appname; Preferences</guilabel>.</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>The next screen lets you <guilabel>Match QIF accounts with &appname;
+ accounts</guilabel>. You will see a list of <guilabel>QIF account
+ names</guilabel> on the left and suggested <guilabel>&appname; account
+ names</guilabel> on the right. The <guilabel>New?</guilabel> column
+ indicates if the &app; account name will be created by the <acronym>QIF</acronym>
+ Import.</para>
+
+ <para>To change the &app; account to a different one select the <acronym>QIF</acronym>
+ account. A screen will pop up to select another account or create a new
+ one.</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Select an account from the list to choose a already existing
+ account.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guibutton>New Account</guibutton> button allows you to
+ add a new account name as a sub-account (child of selected) of the
+ selected account.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button is used to confirm your
+ selection.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guibutton>Cancel</guibutton> button is used to exit the
+ dialog without using any changes you have made.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Income and Expense categories</guilabel></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>This screen gives a description of the <guilabel>Income and
+ Expense categories</guilabel> matching process on the following <guilabel>Match
+ QIF categories with &appname; accounts</guilabel> screen.</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>This and other informational screens in the
+ <guilabel>Import QIF files</guilabel> assistant
+ can be turned off in the <guilabel>Online Banking</guilabel> tab (see <xref linkend="configuring-preferences-online-banking"/>)
+ under <guilabel>&appname; Preferences</guilabel>.</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>The next screen lets you <guilabel>Match QIF categories with
+ &appname; accounts</guilabel>. You will see a list of <guilabel>QIF
+ category names</guilabel> on the left and suggested <guilabel>&appname;
+ account names</guilabel> on the right. The <guilabel>New?</guilabel>
+ column indicates if the &app; account name will be created by the QIF
+ Import.</para>
+
+ <para>To change the &app; account to a different one select the QIF
+ category. A dialog will pop up to select another account or create a new
+ one.</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Select an account from the list to choose a already existing
+ account.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guibutton>New Account</guibutton> button allows you to
+ add a new account name as a sub-account (child of selected) of the
+ selected account.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button is used to confirm your
+ selection.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guibutton>Cancel</guibutton> button is used to exit the
+ dialog without using any changes you have made.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Payees and memos</guilabel></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>This screen gives a description of the <guilabel>Payees and
+ memos</guilabel> matching process on the following <guilabel>Match payees/memos to
+ &appname; accounts</guilabel> screen.</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>This and other informational screens in the
+ <guilabel>Import QIF files</guilabel> assistant
+ can be turned off in the <guilabel>Online Banking</guilabel> tab (see <xref linkend="configuring-preferences-online-banking"/>)
+ under <guilabel>&appname; Preferences</guilabel>.</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>The next screen lets you <guilabel>Match payees/memos to &appname;
+ accounts</guilabel>. You will see a list of <guilabel>QIF payee/memo
+ names</guilabel> on the left and suggested <guilabel>&appname; account
+ names</guilabel> on the right. The default &app; account used is
+ called <guilabel>Unspecified</guilabel>. The <guilabel>New?</guilabel> column indicates if
+ the &app; account name will be created by the QIF Import.</para>
+
+ <para>To change the &app; account to a different one select the QIF
+ payee/memo. A dialog will pop up to select another account or create a
+ new one.</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Select an account from the list to choose a already existing
+ account.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guibutton>New Account</guibutton> button allows you to
+ add a new account name as a sub-account of the selected
+ account.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button is used to confirm your
+ selection.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guibutton>Cancel</guibutton> button is used to exit the
+ dialog without using any changes you have made.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+
+ <para>The next screen allows you to <guilabel>Enter the QIF file
+ currency</guilabel>. The drop down list defaults to the currency
+ configured in the <guilabel>Accounts</guilabel> tab (see <xref linkend="configuring-preferences-accounts"/>) under
+ <guilabel>&appname; Preferences</guilabel>. If you wish the new accounts
+ to use a different currency, select one from the list.</para>
+
+ <para>When you have selected the currency, click the
+ <guibutton>Forward</guibutton> button.</para>
+
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+
+ <para>Depending on the type of data contained in the
+ <acronym>QIF</acronym> files to be imported, you may or may not see one or more of the following screens:</para>
+
+ <variablelist termlength="8">
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Tradable Commodities</guilabel></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>This screen gives a description of the <guilabel>Tradable
+ Commodities</guilabel> process on the screen.</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>This and other informational screens in the
+ <guilabel>Import QIF files</guilabel> assistant
+ can be turned off in the <guilabel>Online Banking</guilabel> tab (see <xref linkend="configuring-preferences-online-banking"/>)
+ under <guilabel>&appname; Preferences</guilabel>.</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>A series of screens, one for each of the stock, mutual fund, or
+ commodity, displays the exchange, full name, and symbol for each of the commodities
+ listed in the <acronym>QIF</acronym> file you are importing so that you can
+ check them before proceeding.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Match duplicate transactions</guilabel></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>This screen gives a description of the <guilabel>Match
+ duplicate transactions</guilabel> process on the following <guilabel>Select
+ possible duplicates</guilabel> screen.</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>This and other informational screens in the
+ <guilabel>Import QIF files</guilabel> assistant
+ can be turned off in the <guilabel>Online Banking</guilabel> tab (see <xref linkend="configuring-preferences-online-banking"/>)
+ under <guilabel>&appname; Preferences</guilabel>.</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>The next screen lets you <guilabel>Select possible duplicate
+ transactions</guilabel>. Imported transactions are shown on the left
+ panel and possible matches to each selected transaction are shown on the
+ right.</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The left panel shows the list of Imported transactions to
+ select from for matching duplicates</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The right panel shows the list of <emphasis>possible</emphasis> duplicates for the
+ selected imported transaction. Select the one that most closely
+ matches</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+
+ <para>The last screen, <guibutton>Update your &appname;
+ accounts</guibutton>, gives you a list of three choices to finish the
+ assistant.</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guibutton>Cancel:</guibutton> exit the process and cancel importing
+ <acronym>QIF</acronym> files.</para>
+ <warning>
+ <para>If you click this button, any selections you have made up to
+ this point will be lost.</para>
+ </warning>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guibutton>Back:</guibutton> brings up the previous screen so
+ that you can change a previous selection until the first screen.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guibutton>Forward:</guibutton> imports the data and creates the
+ accounts you have specified.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>You should now have successfully imported your accounts.</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>Imported transactions might need to be <emphasis role="strong">reconciled</emphasis>.
+ This process is described in the &app; Tutorial and Concepts guide.</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ </sect2>
+ -->
+ <sect2 id="importing-ofx">
+ <title>Import OFX/QFX</title>
+
+ <para>This opens a file selection dialog. Navigate to the file you wish to import, select a file with the
+ appropriate extension (.ofx or .qfx), then press the <emphasis role="bold">Import</emphasis>
+ button.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Gnucash opens an Account Selection dialog to select an account in your CoA corresponding to data
+ source. Select the appropriate account from the account tree and press the
+ <emphasis role="bold">OK</emphasis> button. On subsequent import of files from the same
+ source (identified by tags in the file), the source is remembered and the account selection
+ dialog is not displayed.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The generic import transaction matcher dialog is opened next. See the
+ <link linkend="importing-matcher"> Import Matcher</link> section (common to both OFX/QFX and
+ CSV import formats) following the Import CSV section to continue the import process.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="importing-csv">
+ <title>Import CSV</title>
+
+ <para>Clicking on <emphasis role="bold">Import CSV</emphasis> in the Import menu will bring up the Import
+ Assistant dialog. The first step brings up a file selection dialog. Navigate to the location
+ where the file you wish to import is located and select the file to import then click the
+ <emphasis role="bold">OK</emphasis> button.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The next window will allow you to set parameters for the importing of the file. All widgets have
+ tooltips which explain what the setting affects and the options for the setting.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="importing-csv-save">
+ <title>Load and Save Settings</title>
+
+ <para>If this import is a regular occurrence, once you have set the other import paramters, you can save
+ these settings by typing in a setting name in the <emphasis role="bold">Load and Save
+ Settings Entry</emphasis> combo box and pressing the <emphasis role="bold">Save</emphasis>
+ button just to the right of the box. Previously defined settings can be retrieved by
+ selecting the appropriate setting name from the dropdown list activated by the down arrow
+ at the right end of the text box. The trash can button to the right of the Save button can
+ be used to remove the settings selected from the drop down list for the box. The settings
+ group <emphasis role="bold">"GnuCash Export Settings"</emphasis> define a setting group
+ for the export and reimport of GnuCash transaction data - use this if importing data
+ previously exported from GnuCash.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Account</title>
+
+ <para>This combo box allows you to select the base or import account into which the transactions will be
+ imported. It may be left unset if the imported data contains a column listing the accounts
+ associated with each split or the import data specifies the account for first split of the
+ transaction.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>File Format</title>
+
+ <para>This section allows you to define whether the file has:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Fixed width columns</emphasis> Selecting this radio button will allow you to
+ define column boundaries by double clicking at the appropriate positions in the sample
+ records displayed in the panel below. Single clicking in a column will narrow, widen
+ or merge the column.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Separators</emphasis> Selecting this radio button will allow you to define
+ characters which will be used to distinguish columns in the input file. The default is
+ comma separated however spaces, tabs,colons or semicolons or any combination of them
+ may be used to separate columns in the input file by selecting the appropriate check
+ boxes. You may also define custom separators by typing the required characters into
+ the text box and selecting the <emphasis role="bold">Custom</emphasis> checkbox. This
+ may be used in combination with any of the predefined separators.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Multi-split</emphasis> Selecting this check box allows the splits for a single
+ transaction to be defined on consecutive lines within the file with each line defining
+ a single split. If not selected each line is assumed to contain the information for a
+ single transaction including one or two splits.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Miscellaneous</title>
+
+ <para>The miscellaneous settings allow you to set:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Encoding</emphasis>This is usually the UTF-8 variant for your locale;
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Date Format</emphasis> This does not default to the Locale setting so check it
+ matches the data you are importing;
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Currency Format</emphasis>;
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Leading Lines to Skip</emphasis>;
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Trailing Lines to Skip</emphasis>;
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Skip alternate lines</emphasis>;
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>to match the settings for the file you are importing. Tooltips may also contain information on the
+ setting and options.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Import Panel</title>
+
+ <para>The import panel shows the data being imported as it is interpreted using the settings chosen to
+ define columns and formats. The dropdown lists in the headers for each column of the
+ import allow you to associate a specific column in the imported data with a specific field
+ in the display of a transaction in an account register. At a minimum to import data,
+ columns in the imported data containing the following information
+ <emphasis role="bold">must</emphasis> be specified:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Date </emphasis>of transaction;
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Account</emphasis> into which transaction is to be imported (or alternatively
+ set the base account as above);
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Description</emphasis> of the transaction;
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis role="bold">Deposit or Withdrawal</emphasis> column.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>The <emphasis role="bold">Skip Errors</emphasis> check box will skip trying to import any rows with
+ errors in matching the columns.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>When you are happy with all the import settings, <link linkend="importing-csv-save">save</link> them
+ if you will use the same settings again, then press the
+ <emphasis role="bold">Next</emphasis> button. This will bring up a window which allows you
+ to map the accounts identified in the account column (Account Id) with accounts in the
+ GnuCash account tree (Account name). Double click on a row to bring up a dialog to select
+ the matching GnuCash account. When you have selected a match for all accounts, click on
+ the <emphasis role="bold">Next</emphasis> button.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The Transaction Information panel allows review of data entry settings so far.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Clicking on Match Transactions will then bring up the main <link linkend="importing-matcher">Import
+ Matcher</link> window described in the next section.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="importing-mt940">
+ <title>Import MT940</title>
+
+ <para>Use this option to import MT940 data.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="importing-mt942">
+ <title>Import MT942</title>
+
+ <para>Use this option to import MT942 data.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="importing-dtaus">
+ <title>Import DTAUS</title>
+
+ <para>Use this option to import DTAUS data.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_invest.xml b/zh/guide/ch_invest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2157821c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_invest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,4345 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!-- (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: December 7th 2009
+ modified: January 10th 2007
+ modified: July 9th 2006
+ Maintainers:
+ Alex Aycinena <alex.aycinena at gmail.com>
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Updated Dave Herman <dvherman at bigfoot.com>
+ Originally designed by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_invest">
+ <title>Investments</title>
+
+ <para>This chapter explains how to manage your investments with &app;. Most people have an investment
+ plan, whether its just putting money into a certificate of deposit (<acronym>CD</acronym> for short) account, investing through a company sponsored
+ plan at your workplace or buying and selling stocks and bonds through a brokerage. &app; gives
+ you tools to help you manage these investments such as the <emphasis>Price Database</emphasis>
+ which allows you to record changes in the prices of stocks you own.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="invest_concepts1">
+ <title>Basic Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>An investment is something that you purchase in the hopes of generating income, or that you hope to
+ sell in the future for more than you paid. Using this simple definition, many things could be
+ considered investments: the house you live in, a valuable painting, stocks in publicly traded
+ companies, your savings account at the bank, or a certificate of deposit. These many types of
+ investments will be discussed in this chapter in terms of how to track them using &app;.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest_terms2">
+ <title>Terminology</title>
+
+ <para>Before discussing investments specifically, it will be helpful to present a glossary of investment
+ terminology. The terms presented below represent some of the basic concepts of investing. It
+ is a good idea to become familiar with these terms, or at least, refer back to this list if
+ you encounter an unfamiliar word in the later sections.
+ </para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term id="invest_terms2.capgain">Capital gains</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The difference between the purchase and selling prices of an investment. If the selling price is
+ lower than the purchase price, this is called a <emphasis>capital loss</emphasis>.
+ Also known as <emphasis>realized gain/loss</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Commission</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The fee you pay to a broker to buy or sell securities.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Common stock</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>A security that represents a certain fractional ownership of a company. This is what you buy when
+ you <quote>buy stock</quote> in a company on the open market. This is also sometimes
+ known as <emphasis>capital stock</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Compounding</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The concept that the reinvested interest can later earn interest of its own (interest on interest).
+ This is often referred to as <emphasis>compound interest</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Dividends</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Dividends are cash payments a company makes to shareholders. The amount of this payment is usually
+ determined as some amount of the profits of the company. Note that not all common
+ stocks give dividends.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Equities</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Equities are investments in which the investor becomes part (or whole) owner in something. This
+ includes common stock in a company, or real estate.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Interest</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>What a borrower pays a lender for the use of their money. Normally, this is expressed in terms of a
+ percentage of the principal per year. For example, a savings account with 1% interest
+ (you are the lender, the bank is the borrower) will pay you $1 for every $100 you keep
+ there per year.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Liquidity</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>A measure of how easily convertible an investment is to cash. Money in a savings account is very
+ liquid, while money invested in a house has low liquidity because it takes time to
+ sell a house.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Principal</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The original amount of money invested or borrowed.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Realized vs Unrealized Gain/Loss</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Unrealized gain or loss occurs when you’ve got a change in price of an asset. You realize the
+ gain/loss when you actually sell the asset. See also <xref linkend="invest_terms2.capgain" />.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term id="invest_terms2.return">Return</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The total income plus capital gains or losses of an investment. See also <xref linkend="invest_terms2.yield" />.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Risk</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The probability that the return on investment is different from what was expected. Investments are
+ often grouped on a scale from low risk (savings account, government bonds) to high
+ risk (common stock, junk bonds). As a general rule of thumb, the higher the risk the
+ higher the possible return.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Shareholder</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>A shareholder is a person who holds common stock in a company.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Stock split</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Occurs when a company offers to issue some additional multiple of shares for each existing stock.
+ For example, a <quote>2 for 1</quote> stock split means that if you own 100 shares of
+ a stock, you will receive an additional 100 at no cost to you. The unit price of the
+ shares will be adjusted so there is no net change in the value, so in this example the
+ price per share will be halved.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Valuation</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The process of determining the market value or the price the investment would sell at in a
+ <quote>reasonable time frame</quote>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term id="invest_terms2.yield">Yield</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>A measure of the amount of money you earn from an investment (That is how much income you receive from
+ the investment). Typically this is reported as a percentage of the principal amount.
+ Yield does not include capital gains or loses (see <xref linkend="invest_terms2.return" />). For example, a stock sells for $100
+ and gives $2 in dividends per year has a yield of 2%.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest_types2">
+ <title>Types of Investments</title>
+
+ <para>Below is presented some of the broad types of investments available, and examples of each type.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Interest-bearing account or instrument</emphasis>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This type of investment usually allows you immediate access to your money, and will typically pay
+ you interest every month based on the amount of money you have deposited. Examples are
+ bank savings accounts (and some interest bearing checking accounts) and cash accounts at
+ your brokerage. This is a very low risk investment, in the US these accounts are often
+ insured against loss, to a specified limit.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Sometimes an interest bearing investment is <emphasis>time-locked</emphasis>. This type of
+ investment requires you to commit your money to be invested for a given period of time
+ for which you receive a set rate of return. Usually, the longer you commit the higher
+ the interest rates. If you withdraw your money before the maturity date, you will
+ usually have to pay an early withdrawal penalty. This is a relatively lower risk
+ investment. Examples are certificates of deposit or some government bonds. Other types
+ of Bonds may have higher yields based on the higher risks from the quality of the
+ issuer’s <quote>credit rating</quote>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Stocks and Mutual Funds</emphasis>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This is an investment you make in a company, in which you effectively become a part owner. There is
+ usually no time lock on publicly traded stock, however there may be changes in the tax
+ rates you pay on capital gains depending on how long you hold the stock. Thus, stocks
+ are typically quite liquid, you can access your money relatively quickly. This
+ investment is a higher risk, as you have no guarantee on the future price of a stock.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>A mutual fund is a group investment mechanism in which you can buy into many stocks simultaneously.
+ For example, a <quote>S&P 500 index fund</quote> is a fund which purchases all 500 stocks listed
+ in the Standard and Poor’s index. When you buy a share of this fund, you are
+ really buying a small amount of each of the 500 stocks contained within the fund. Mutual
+ funds are treated exactly like a single stock, both for tax purposes and in accounting.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Fixed Assets</emphasis>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Assets that increase in value over time are another form of investment. Examples include a house, a
+ plot of land, or a valuable painting. This type of investment is very difficult to
+ determine the value of until you sell it. The tax implications of selling these items is
+ varied, depending on the item. For example, you may have tax relief from selling a house
+ if it is your primary residence, but may not receive this tax break on an expensive
+ painting.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Fixed asset investments are discussed in <xref linkend="chapter_capgain" /> and
+ <xref linkend="chapter_dep" />. Typically, there is not much to do in terms of
+ accounting for fixed asset investments except recording the buying and selling
+ transactions.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="invest_accounts1">
+ <title>Setting Up Accounts</title>
+
+ <para>To setup investment accounts in &app; you can either use the predefined investment account hierarchy
+ or create your own. The minimum you need to do to track investments is to setup an asset
+ account for each type of investment you own. However, as we have seen in previous chapters, it
+ is usually more logical to create a structured account hierarchy, grouping related investments
+ together. For example, you may want to group all your publicly traded stocks under a parent
+ account named after the brokerage firm you used to buy the stocks.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Regardless of how you setup your account hierarchy, remember that you can always move accounts
+ around later (without losing the work you’ve put into them), so your initial account
+ hierarchy does not have to be perfect.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest_predefined2">
+ <title>Using Predefined Investment Accounts</title>
+
+ <para>The <guilabel>Investment Accounts</guilabel> option of the <guilabel>New Account Hierarchy
+ Setup</guilabel> assistant will automatically create a basic investment account hierarchy
+ for you. To access the predefined investment accounts hierarchy, you must make sure your
+ &app; file is open, switch to the <guilabel>Accounts</guilabel> tab, and choose
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu><guimenuitem>New Account Hierarchy</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>.
+ This will run the <guilabel>New Account Hierarchy Setup</guilabel> assistant and allow you
+ to select additional accounts to add to your account hierarchy. Choose the
+ <guilabel>Investment Accounts</guilabel> option (along with any others you are interested
+ in). Assuming only investment accounts were selected, this will create an account hierarchy
+ as shown below.
+ </para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>You can also run the <guilabel>New Account Hierarchy Setup</guilabel> assistant by creating a new
+ &app; file.
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>A New File Containinng Only The Default Investment Accounts</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest_accountspredef">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_AccountsPredef.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This is a screen image of the <guilabel>Accounts</guilabel> tab after creating a new file and
+ selecting only the default investment accounts.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>You will probably at least want to add a <emphasis>Bank</emphasis> account to the <emphasis>Assets</emphasis> account and
+ probably an <emphasis>Equity:Opening Balances</emphasis> account, as we have done in
+ previous chapters. Don’t forget to save your new account file with a relevant name!
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest_creating2">
+ <title>Creating Investment Accounts Manually</title>
+
+ <para>If you want to set up your own investment accounts hierarchy, you may of course do so. Investments
+ usually have a number of associated accounts that need to be created: an asset account to
+ track the investment itself; an income account to track dividend transactions; and expense
+ accounts to track investment fees and commissions.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In a typical account structure, security accounts are sub accounts of an asset account representing
+ an account at a brokerage firm. The brokerage account would be denominated in your local
+ currency and it would include sub accounts for each security that you trade there.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Related purchases, sales, income and expense accounts should also be in the same currency as the
+ brokerage account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The security sub accounts would each be configured to contain units of a single security selected
+ from the master (user defined) security list and they are expected to use the same currency
+ as the brokerage account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Security prices are kept in the <guilabel>Price Database</guilabel> of &app; (see <xref linkend="invest-stockprice1" />).
+ This contains prices for individual securities (not security accounts). All prices for an
+ individual security are in a single currency. If a security is traded in multiple
+ currencies, then a separate security and separate accounts should be set up for each
+ currency.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest_custom2">
+ <title>Custom Accounts Example</title>
+
+ <para>The following is a somewhat more complicated example of setting up &app; to track your investments,
+ which has the advantage that it groups each different investment under the brokerage that
+ deals with the investments. This way it is easier to compare the statements you get from
+ your brokerage with the accounts you have in &app; and spot where &app; differs from the
+ statement.
+<screen>
+ Assets
+ Investments
+ Brokerage Accounts
+ I*Trade
+ Stocks
+ ACME Corp
+ Money Market Funds
+ I*Trade Municipal Fund
+ Cash
+ My Stockbroker
+ Money Market Funds
+ Active Assets Fund
+ Government Securities
+ Treas Bond xxx
+ Treas Note yyy
+ Mutual Funds
+ Fund A
+ Fund B
+ Cash
+ Income
+ Investments
+ Brokerage Accounts
+ Capital Gains
+ I*Trade
+ My Stockbroker
+ Dividends
+ I*Trade
+ Taxable
+ Non-taxable
+ My Stockbroker
+ Taxable
+ Non-taxable
+ Interest Income
+ I*Trade
+ Taxable
+ Non-taxable
+ My Stockbroker
+ Taxable
+ Non-taxable
+ Expenses
+ Investment Expenses
+ Commissions
+ I*Trade
+ My Stockbroker
+ Management Fees
+ I*Trade
+ My Stockbroker</screen>
+ </para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>There really is no standard way to set up your investment account hierarchy. Play around, try
+ different layouts until you find something which divides your investment accounts into
+ logical groups which make sense to you.
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="invest_int1">
+ <title>Interest Bearing Accounts</title>
+
+ <para>Investments which have a fixed or variable rate of interest are one of the simplest and most common
+ form of investments available. Interest bearing investments include your bank account, a
+ certificate of deposit, or any other kind of investment in which you receive interest from the
+ principal. This section will describe how to handle these kinds of investments in &app;.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest_intacct2">
+ <title>Account Setup</title>
+
+ <para>When you purchase the interest bearing investment, you must create an asset account to record the
+ purchase of the investment, an income account to record earnings from interest, and an
+ expense account to record bank charges. Below is an account layout example, in which you
+ have an interest bearing savings account and a certificate of deposit at your bank.
+ </para>
+<screen>
+Assets
+ Bank ABC
+ Certificate of Deposit
+ Savings
+Expenses
+ Bank ABC
+ Charges
+Income
+ Interest Income
+ Certificate of Deposit
+ Savings</screen>
+
+ <para>As usual, this account hierarchy is simply presented as an example, you should create your accounts
+ in a form which best matches your actual situation.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-intex2">
+ <title>Example</title>
+
+ <para>Now let’s populate these accounts with real numbers. Let’s assume that you start with
+ $10,000 in your bank account, which pays 1% interest and you buy a $5,000 certificate of
+ deposit with a 6 month maturity date and a 2% yield. Clearly, it is much better to keep your
+ money in the certificate of deposit than in the savings account. After the initial purchase, your accounts
+ should look something like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Chart Of Accounts After Investing In A Certificate Of Deposit</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-int">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_int1.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This is an image of the account register after creating and investing in a certificate of deposit investment.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Now, during the course of the next 6 months, you receive monthly bank statements which describe the
+ activity of your account. In our fictional example, we do nothing with the money at this
+ bank, so the only activity is income from interest and bank charges. The monthly bank
+ charges are $2. After 6 months, the register window for the certificate of deposit and for the savings account
+ should look like these:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The CD Account After 6 Months</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-int2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_int2.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_int2.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This is an image of the register of the certificate of deposit account after 6 months.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Savings Account After 6 Months</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-int2-1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_int2-1.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_int2-1.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This is an image of the register of the Savings account after 6 months.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>And this is the main &app; account window:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Chart Of Accounts After 6 months</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-int3">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_int3.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This a screen capture of the accounts after 6 months.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>From the above image of the main &app; account window you see a nice summary of what happened to
+ these investments over the 6 months. While the yield on the certificate of deposit is double that of the savings
+ account, the return on the certificate of deposit was $50.21 versus $13.03 for the savings account, or almost 4
+ times more. Why? Because of the pesky $2 bank charges that hit the savings account (which
+ counted for $12 over 6 months).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>After this 6 month period, the certificate of deposit has reached maturity which means you may sell it with no early
+ withdrawal penalty. To do so, simply transfer the $5,050.21 from the certificate of deposit account into the
+ savings account.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="invest-setup1">
+ <title>Setup Investment Portfolio</title>
+
+ <para>Now that you have built an account hierarchy in the previous section, this section will show you how
+ to create and populate the accounts with your investment portfolio. After this initial setup
+ of your portfolio, you may have shares of stock purchased from before you started using &app;.
+ For these stocks, follow the instructions in the
+ <xref linkend="invest-buy-stock2" endterm="invest-buy-stock2.title" /> section.
+ If you have just purchased your stocks, then use the
+ <xref linkend="invest-buy-new2" endterm="invest-buy-new2.title" /> section.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-setup-stockaccounts2">
+ <title>Setup Accounts for Stocks and Mutual Funds</title>
+
+ <para>This section will show you how to add stocks and mutual fund accounts to &app;. In this section, we
+ will assume you are using the basic account setup introduced in the previous section, but
+ the principles can be applied to any account hierarchy.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You should have within the top level <guilabel>Asset</guilabel> account, a few levels down, an
+ account entitled <guilabel>Stock</guilabel>. Open the account tree to this level by clicking
+ on the <quote>right facing triangle marker</quote> signs next to the account names until the
+ tree is opened to the depth of the new account. You will need to create a sub-account (of
+ type <emphasis>stock</emphasis>) under the Stock account for every stock you own. Every
+ stock is a separate account. The naming of these stock accounts is usually done using the
+ stock ticker abbreviation, though account names may be anything that is clear to you and
+ other users. So, for example, you could name your accounts <emphasis>AMZN</emphasis>,
+ <emphasis>IBM</emphasis> and <emphasis>NST</emphasis> for your Amazon, IBM and NSTAR stocks
+ respectively. Below is a schematic model of the layout (only showing the Assets
+ sub-accounts).
+ </para>
+<screen>
+ Assets
+ Investments
+ Brokerage Accounts
+ Bond
+ Mutual Funds
+ Market Index
+ Stock
+ AMZN
+ IBM
+ NST</screen>
+ <note>
+ <para>If you want to track income (dividends/interest/capital gains) on a per-stock or fund basis, you
+ will need to create an <emphasis>Income:Dividends:STOCKSYMBOL</emphasis>,
+ <emphasis>Income:Cap Gain (Long):STOCKSYMBOL</emphasis>, <emphasis>Income:Cap Gain
+ (Short):STOCKSYMBOL</emphasis> and <emphasis>Income:Interest:STOCKSYMBOL</emphasis>
+ account for each stock you own that pays dividends or interest.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-setup-example2">
+ <title>Example Stock Account</title>
+
+ <para>As an example, let’s assume that you currently own 100 shares of Amazon stock. First, create
+ the stock account AMZN by selecting the <guilabel>Stock</guilabel> account and click on the
+ menu
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu><guimenu>New Account...</guimenu>
+ </menuchoice>.
+ The New Account dialog will appear, follow the steps, in the sequence below to setup your
+ new stock account.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The <quote>New Account</quote> Window For AMZN</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-newaccount">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_newaccount.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Account Name</emphasis> - Usually, use the stock ticker abbreviation, like
+ <quote><userinput>AMZN</userinput></quote>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Account Code</emphasis> - Optional field, use CUSIP, the newspaper listing symbol, mutual
+ fund family ID or code of your own choosing.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Description</emphasis> - Optional field for detailed description of the commodity/stock.
+ Note this field by default is displayed in the <guilabel>Account</guilabel> tab tree.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Account Type</emphasis> - Select the type of account you are creating from the lower
+ left-hand list.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Parent Account</emphasis> - Select the parent account for the new account from the right
+ hand listing. Expand list of accounts if necessary.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Create the New Security</emphasis> - To use a new stock, you must create the stock as a
+ new commodity.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Be sure to first select Account Type <emphasis>Stock</emphasis> or <emphasis>Mutual Fund</emphasis>
+ so that the <guibutton>Select...</guibutton> button brings up the list of securities
+ rather than currencies.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Select Security/Currency</emphasis> - Click on the <guibutton>Select...</guibutton>
+ button next to the <guilabel>Security/currency</guilabel> line. We must change the
+ security from the default (your default currency) to this specific stock. This will
+ bring up the <guilabel>Select Security</guilabel> dialog.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Type</emphasis> - Select the exchange where the security/commodity is traded (in this
+ example NASDAQ).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Select the <guibutton>New</guibutton> button to open the <guilabel>New Security</guilabel> window.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The <quote>Select Security</quote> Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-selectsecurity">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_selectsecurity.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Create the Security</emphasis> - Click on the <guibutton>New...</guibutton> button and
+ enter the appropriate information for this stock on the new form <guilabel>New
+ Security</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+<!-- Open inner most loop (#3)
+-->
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guilabel>Full name:</guilabel> is <userinput>Amazon.com</userinput>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guilabel>Symbol/abbreviation:</guilabel> is <userinput>AMZN</userinput>. The symbol is the stock ticker
+ used in your quote source several lines down on the form. <note><para>
+ Different symbols will be used on different price sources for the same stock, an
+ example is Ericsson on the Stockholm Exchange is ERIC-B while on Yahoo it is
+ ERRICB.ST.</para>
+ </note>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guilabel>Type:</guilabel> should already be <guilabel>NASDAQ</guilabel>, because this is what
+ was selected in the security selector, but you can change it here, including
+ adding more categories. More information about this can be found in the &app;
+ Manual in section 8.7, <quote>Security Editor</quote>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guilabel>ISIN, CUSIP or other code</guilabel> is where you can enter some other coding number
+ or text (leave it blank in this example).
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The <guilabel>Fraction traded</guilabel> should be adjusted to the smallest fraction of this
+ security which can be traded, usually <guilabel>1/100</guilabel> or <guilabel>1/10000</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The checkbox <quote>Get Online Quotes</quote>, the quote source and the timezone should be selected
+ to define the sources for updating prices on-line. See also
+ <xref linkend="invest-stockprice-auto2" />.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>If the <guibutton>Get Online Quotes</guibutton> button is not highlighted, and it is not tickable,
+ then the &app-fq; package is not installed.
+ See the chapter <ulink url="&url-docs-C;help/finance-quote.html">Setting Up the Quote Retrieval</ulink> in the manual.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>Below is what this window should look like when finished:
+ </para>
+ <figure>
+ <title>The <quote>New Security</quote> Window</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-newsecurity">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_newsecurity.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Save Security</emphasis> - Click on the <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button to save this new
+ security, this will close the <guilabel>New Security</guilabel> window and
+ return to the <guilabel>New Account</guilabel> window.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+<!-- Close inner most loop
+-->
+ </listitem>
+<!-- Close loop #2
+-->
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Select the Security</emphasis> - you should now see the newly created security available
+ in the pull down menu for <guilabel>Security/Currency</guilabel>. Select it (it is
+ probably already selected) and click on <guibutton>OK</guibutton>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Smallest Fraction</emphasis> - Specify the smallest fraction of the security/commodity
+ that is traded.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Notes</emphasis> - Enter any notes or messages related to this security/commodity.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Tax Related</emphasis> - Go to
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Edit</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Tax Report Options</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ to check this box if this account’s transactions will relate to Income Taxes.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Placeholder</emphasis> - Check box if this account is a <quote>Placeholder</quote>, that
+ is it will contain no transactions.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Finished</emphasis> - You should now have been automatically returned to the New Account
+ dialog, with the <guilabel>symbol/abbreviation:</guilabel> line set to <quote>AMZN
+ (Amazon.com)</quote>. Click on <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to save this new stock account.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+<!--
+ Outer list can now be closed
+-->
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>You have now created the Amazon stock account, your main account should look something like this
+ (notice that there are a few extra accounts here, a bank account, and an equity account):
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Chart of Accounts After The Creation Of The First Stock Account</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-setup-current">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_setup_current.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image is after the creation of the first stock account (AMZN).
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Open the account register window for this AMZN stock account (double click on it). Here you see the
+ <emphasis
+ role="strong">Commodity</emphasis> view. This gives you an overview of the
+ transactions in this commodity including the number of units (shares for a stock or mutual
+ fund) bought or sold, the net price per unit, and the total amount. Obviously, we have not
+ bought or sold any shares of AMZN yet, so the register should not contain any transactions.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="invest-buy-stock1">
+ <title>Buying Shares</title>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-buy-stock2">
+ <title id="invest-buy-stock2.title">Entering Preexisting Shares</title>
+
+ <para>The examples in this section use <guilabel>Transaction Journal</guilabel> view.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To register the initial <userinput>100</userinput> shares of this stock that you purchased previously, on the first
+ (transaction) line, enter the date of the purchase (for example, Jan. 1 2005) and
+ <guilabel>Description</guilabel> (for example, Opening Balance). On the first split line, enter <userinput>100</userinput>
+ in <guilabel>Shares</guilabel>, delete the (unit) <guilabel>Price</guilabel> (it will be
+ calculated when you <keycap>Tab</keycap> out of the split) and enter <userinput>2000</userinput> in the
+ <guilabel>Buy</guilabel> column.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>It is also possible to use &app; to calculate <guilabel>Shares</guilabel> or
+ <guilabel>Buy</guilabel> from the other 2 columns. But to avoid rounding errors, it is
+ better to automatically calculate <guilabel>Price</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para><keycap>Tab</keycap> to the second split line, enter transfer from account <emphasis>Equity:Opening
+ Balances</emphasis>. For simplicity, this example assumed there were no commissions on this
+ transaction. Your AMZN Commodity view should now appear like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Transaction Register Of The AMZN Account After The First Purchase</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-setup-portfolio1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_setup_portfolio1.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_setup_portfolio1.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image is the transaction register of the AMZN account after the first stock
+ <quote>purchase</quote>.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Notice that the <guilabel>Balance</guilabel> (last column) is in the units of the commodity (AMZN
+ shares) not in currency units. Thus, the balance is 100 (AMZN units) rather than $2,000. This
+ is how it should be.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-buy-new2">
+ <title id="invest-buy-new2.title">Buying New Shares</title>
+
+ <para>The main difference between setting up a new stock purchase versus the setup for preexisting stocks
+ as described in the previous section is that instead of transferring the money used to
+ purchase the stock from the <emphasis>Equity:Opening Balances</emphasis> account, you
+ transfer from your <emphasis>Assets:Bank ABC</emphasis> or <emphasis>Assets:Brokerage
+ Account</emphasis> account.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-buy-com">
+ <title>Handling Commissions and Fees</title>
+
+ <para>For conciseness, this document will refer to the money you pay to a broker for buying and selling
+ securities as <emphasis>Commissions</emphasis>. Government fees may also be payable.
+ Unless otherwise stated, fees are handled in a similar way.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In &app; 2 alternate ways can be used to handle commissions (for simplicity this document section will
+ refer to these ways as net pricing and gross pricing).</para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Gross Pricing</term>
+ <listitem><para>You enter the price not adjusted by commissions and enter the
+ commissions expense on a separate split in the transaction. This enables the tracking
+ of commissions but is <emphasis>not</emphasis> compatible with using
+ <xref linkend="invest-sellLots"/>. Scrubbing doesn't know to deduct commissions
+ and fees from the gains, so capital gains or losses must be manually calculated (see
+ <xref linkend="invest-sell-man"/>).
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Net Pricing</term>
+ <listitem><para>
+ You enter a net price (adjusted by commissions) when buying and
+ selling securities. You do <emphasis>not</emphasis> also record commissions in a
+ specific commissions account in order to later claim it as an expense, as this would
+ be claiming commissions twice. This way <emphasis>is</emphasis> compatible with using
+ <xref linkend="invest-sellLots"/>. This results in a slightly misleading price
+ being added to the price database (the effective price you paid) but is not usually of
+ any concern.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <para>Please get professional advice if you are unsure which of these ways are applicable to your
+ jurisdiction.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-buy-gross">
+ <title>Example: Buying Shares with Gross Pricing</title>
+
+ <para>In this example you will purchase 100 shares at $50 per share of IBM stock with a commission of $100. First step will be
+ to create the stock account for IBM. The existing <emphasis>Expenses:Commission</emphasis>
+ account will be used.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Now for the transaction, on the first (transaction) line, enter the <guilabel>Date</guilabel> of the
+ purchase (for example, Jan. 3, 2005) and <guilabel>Description</guilabel> (for example, Initial IBM
+ Purchase). On the first split line, enter <userinput>50</userinput> in <guilabel>Shares</guilabel>, delete
+ <guilabel>Price</guilabel> (leave it empty so it will be calculated), and enter <userinput>5000</userinput> in
+ <guilabel>Buy</guilabel>. You do not need to fill in the <guilabel>Price</guilabel>
+ column, as it will be calculated for you when you <keycap>Tab</keycap> to the next split.
+ The next line in the split transaction will be <emphasis>Expenses:Commissions</emphasis>
+ and fill <userinput>100</userinput> in <guilabel>Buy</guilabel>. The third split line will be to transfer $5,100 from
+ <emphasis>Assets:Bank ABC</emphasis> account to balance the transaction. Your IBM
+ Commodity view should now appear like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Transaction Register Of The IBM Account After The First Stock Purchase</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-setup-portfolio2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_SetupPortfolio2.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_SetupPortfolio2.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image is of the transaction register of the IBM account after the first stock
+ <quote>purchase</quote> with a commission.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-buy-net">
+ <title>Example: Buying Shares with Net Pricing</title>
+
+ <para>Repeating the previous example using Net Pricing instead of Gross Pricing, in Transaction Journal
+ view.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Purchase $5,000 of IBM stock being 50 Shares for $100.00 each, plus a commission of $100.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Now for the transaction, on the first (transaction) line, enter the <guilabel>Date</guilabel> of the
+ purchase (for example, Jan. 3, 2005) and <guilabel>Description</guilabel> (for example, Initial IBM
+ Purchase). On the first split line, optionally enter more details in <guilabel>Memo
+ </guilabel>, then <userinput>50</userinput> in <guilabel>Shares</guilabel>, delete anything in
+ <guilabel>Price</guilabel> (so it will be calculated by dividing <guilabel>Buy</guilabel>
+ by <guilabel>Shares</guilabel> when you <keycap>Tab</keycap> out of the split), &img-w;0 in
+ <guilabel>Buy</guilabel> (50 * $100.00 + $100). Alternatively use &app; to calculate
+ <guilabel>Buy</guilabel> by entering the formula <userinput>5000 + 100</userinput> or
+ <userinput>(50 * 100) + 100</userinput> in <guilabel>Buy</guilabel> (
+ <guilabel>Buy</guilabel> will be calculated when you <keycap>Tab</keycap> out of the
+ column.) Use the <keycap>Tab</keycap> key as many times as needed to proceed to the next
+ split.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Do <emphasis>not</emphasis> enter a separate split for Commission as it has already been included in
+ the <guilabel>Buy</guilabel> value. The second split line will be to transfer $5,100 from
+ <emphasis>Assets:Bank ABC</emphasis> account to balance the transaction. After the splits
+ are all correct, use the <keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap> key to save the
+ transaction. Your IBM Commodity view should now appear like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The IBM Account After The First Stock Purchase With A Commission</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-setup-portfolio3">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_SetupPortfolio3.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_SetupPortfolio3.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>This image is of the transaction register of the IBM account after the first stock
+ <quote>purchase</quote> with a commission.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="invest-stockprice1">
+ <title>Setting Share Price</title>
+
+ <para>The value of a commodity, such as a stock, must be explicitly set. The stock accounts track the
+ quantity of stocks you own, but the value of the stock is stored in the <emphasis>Price
+ Database</emphasis>. The values set in the <guilabel>Price Database</guilabel> can be updated
+ manually or automatically.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-stockprice-initial2">
+ <title>Initial Price Database Setup</title>
+
+ <para>To use the <guilabel>Price Database</guilabel> to track a stock value, you must initially insert the
+ stock. To do so, open the <guilabel>Price Database</guilabel> (<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guimenuitem>Price Database</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>)
+ and click on <guibutton>Add</guibutton> button. The first time a Commodity/Stock is
+ entered this window will be blank except for the control buttons on the bottom. Select the
+ appropriate Commodity you want to insert into the <guilabel>Price Database</guilabel>. At this
+ point, you can input the price of the commodity manually. There are 6 fields in the New
+ Commodity window:
+ </para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Namespace</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The exchange market where the security/commodity is traded (in this example NASDAQ.)
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Security</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The name of the commodity, must be chosen from the <guibutton>Select...</guibutton> list.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Currency</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The currency in which the Price is expressed.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Date</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Date that the price is valid.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Type</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>One of: <guilabel>Bid</guilabel> (the market buying price), <guilabel>Ask</guilabel> (the market
+ selling price), <guilabel>Last</guilabel> (the last transaction price), <guilabel>Net
+ Asset Value</guilabel> (mutual fund price per share, <acronym>NAV</acronym> for short), or <guilabel>Unknown</guilabel>.
+ Stocks and currencies will usually give their quotes as one of bid, ask or last.
+ Mutual funds are often given as net asset value. For other commodities, simply choose
+ <guilabel>Unknown</guilabel>. This option is for informational purposes only, it is
+ not used by &app;.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Price</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The price of one unit of this commodity.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <para>As an example of adding the AMZN commodity to the price database, with an initial value of $40.50 per
+ share.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Entering A Price Into The Database</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-peditor">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_peditor.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Adding the AMZN commodity to the price database, with an initial value of $40.50 per share.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> when finished. Once you have performed this initial placement of the
+ commodity into the <guilabel>Price Database</guilabel>, you will not have to do it again, even
+ if you use the same commodity in another account.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>If you have online retrieval of quotes activated (see
+ <xref linkend="invest-stockprice-auto2" />), you can initialize a commodity
+ without manually making an entry. When you initially add the security in the
+ <guilabel>Security Editor</guilabel>, check <guilabel>Get Online Quotes</guilabel> and
+ save the security. Then, in the <guilabel>Price Database</guilabel>, click <guibutton>Get
+ Quotes</guibutton>, and the new security will be inserted into the price list with the
+ retrieved price.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-stockprice-manual2">
+ <title>Setting Stock Price Manually</title>
+
+ <para>If the value of the commodity (stock) changes, you can adjust the value by entering the
+ <guilabel>Price Database</guilabel>, selecting the commodity, clicking on
+ <guibutton>Edit</guibutton> and entering the new price.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>The Price Database With The List Of All Known Commodities</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-peditor2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_peditor2.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_peditor2.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>The main price database window, showing the list of all known commodities.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-stockprice-auto2">
+ <title>Configuring for Automatic Retrieval of Quotes</title>
+
+ <para>If you have more than a couple of commodities, you will tire of having to update their prices
+ constantly. &app; has the ability to automatically download the most recent price for your
+ commodities using the Internet. This is accomplished through the
+ <application>Perl</application> module &app-fq;, which must
+ be installed in order to activate this feature.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>See the chapter
+ <ulink url="&url-docs-C;help/finance-quote.html">Setting Up the Quote Retrieval</ulink>
+ in the manual.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-stockprice-auto-install3">
+ <title>Installing &app-fq;</title>
+ <para>The process of installing &app-fq; depends on the system. </para>
+
+ <para>On &lin; and BSD it's usually simplest to use the package manager, but those seldom keep up with the latest &app-fq; releases. If you need a newer version than your package manager provides, use the following procedure with <filename>gnc-fq-update</filename></para>
+ <procedure>
+ <title>Installing &app-fq; on &lin; with <filename>gnc-fq-update</filename></title>
+ <step><simpara>Close &app;.</simpara></step>
+ <step><simpara>Run the command <command>which gnc-fq-update</command> to check <filename>gnc-fq-update</filename> program is in your PATH environment
+ variable.<footnote><simpara>If you’ve installed &app; packages provided by your distribution, <filename>gnc-fq-update</filename> must be on your PATH.</simpara></footnote>
+ </simpara>
+ <substeps><step id="gnc-fq-update-not-found">
+ <simpara>If <filename>gnc-fq-update</filename> is not in your PATH, search the folder where &app; is
+ installed.</simpara>
+ </step>
+ </substeps>
+ </step>
+ <step><simpara>Run the command <command>sudo gnc-fq-update</command> or <command>su -c gnc-fq-update</command> in order to run it with root privilege.
+ It depends on your distribution.
+ If <filename>gnc-fq-update</filename> is not in your PATH, specify full path of <filename>gnc-fq-update</filename>
+ instead, which is found by <xref linkend="gnc-fq-update-not-found" />.</simpara>
+ <para>
+ This will launch a <application>Perl</application> <acronym><ulink url="https://www.cpan.org/">CPAN</ulink></acronym><footnote>
+ <simpara>See <ulink url="https://www.cpan.org/misc/cpan-faq.html">CPAN Frequently Asked Questions</ulink> for details.</simpara></footnote>
+ module internally. When you launch the CPAN module for the first time, you must setup and configure it. However, on the most systems if you accept the default settings
+ or answer the first question <computeroutput>Are you ready for manual
+ configuration? [yes]</computeroutput> with <userinput>no</userinput>, you will be able to install &app-fq; successfully.
+ </para>
+ </step>
+
+ <step><simpara>Run <command>gnc-fq-dump</command> to check &app-fq; works properly.</simpara></step>
+ </procedure>
+
+
+ <procedure>
+ <title>Installing &app-fq; on &mac;</title>
+ <step><simpara>Close &app;.</simpara></step>
+ <step><simpara>Install Xcode if it is not installed.</simpara>
+ <simpara>XCode is an optional item from your &mac; distribution DVD.</simpara>
+ </step>
+ <step><simpara>Run the <emphasis>Update Finance Quote</emphasis> app in the &app; dmg.</simpara>
+ <para>You can run it from the dmg or copy it to the same
+ folder to which you copied &app;.
+ It will open a Terminal window and run a script for you
+ which will ask lots of questions. Accept the default for each unless you know what
+ you’re doing.
+ </para>
+ </step>
+ </procedure>
+
+ <procedure>
+ <title>Installing &app-fq; on &win;</title>
+ <step><simpara>Close &app;.</simpara></step>
+ <step><simpara>Run <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Start</guimenu>
+ <guisubmenu>&app;</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>Install Online Price Retrieval</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
+ </simpara>
+ </step>
+ </procedure>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>If you feel uncomfortable about performing any of these steps, please either email the &app;-user
+ mailing list (<email>gnucash-user at gnucash.org</email>) for help or come to the &app; IRC
+ channel on irc.gnome.org. You can also leave out this step and manually update your
+ stock prices.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-stockprice-auto-configure3">
+ <title>Configuring Securities for Online Quotes</title>
+
+ <para>With &app-fq; installed and functioning correctly, you must
+ configure your &app; securities to use this feature to obtain updated price information
+ automatically. Whether creating new securities or modifying securities that have already
+ been setup, use the
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guimenuitem>Security Editor</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>,
+ to edit the security and check the <guilabel>Get Online Quotes</guilabel> box. You will
+ now be able to modify the radio buttons for <guilabel>Type of quote source</guilabel>, the
+ pull-down menus to specify the specific source(s) and <guilabel>The timezone for these
+ quotes</guilabel>. When finished editing, <guilabel>Close</guilabel> the Security Editor
+ to return to the <guilabel>Price Database</guilabel> and click on the <guibutton>Get
+ Quotes</guibutton> button to update your stock prices on the Internet.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-stockprice-auto-scheduler">
+ <title>Configuring for Getting Online Quotes Periodically</title>
+
+ <para>After you have verified the proper fetching of Online Quotes for your commodities,
+ you can tell your operating system to fetch the quotes periodically. See the section
+ <ulink url="&url-docs-C;help/finance-quote-scheduler.html">Configuring for Getting Quotes Periodically</ulink>
+ in the manual.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-stockprice-view2">
+ <title>Displaying Share Value</title>
+
+ <para>The main account window, by default, only shows the quantity of each commodity that you own, under
+ the column heading <guilabel>Total</guilabel>. In the case of stocks, this commodity is the
+ number of shares. Often, however, you will want to see the value of your stocks expressed in
+ terms of some monetary unit. This is easily accomplished by entering the main window,
+ selecting the <guilabel>Accounts</guilabel> tab, by clicking on the
+ <emphasis>Titlebar</emphasis> <guibutton>Options</guibutton> button (the small down pointing
+ arrow on the right side of the main account window titles bar), and selecting the option to
+ display the account total field <quote>Total (USD)</quote>. You will see a new column in the
+ main window entitled <guilabel>Total (USD)</guilabel> that will express the value of all
+ commodities in the report currency.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Displaying Stock Values in the Chart of Accounts</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-stockvalue">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_stockvalue.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Viewing the value of a stock commodity in the main window using the Total in Report Currency option.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-stockprice-report">
+ <title>The <quote>Price Source</quote> in Reports</title>
+
+ <para>Most &app; reports have options to set/modify a number of parameters for the report. The Options
+ dialog box is displayed by selecting the report tab, then ether clicking on the
+ <guibutton>Options</guibutton> icon in the <emphasis>Menubar</emphasis> or selecting
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Report Options</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>.
+ <guilabel>Price Source</guilabel> determines how accounts denominated in commodities
+ different from the report currency are converted to the report currency. Depending on the
+ report the selector may appear in either the <guilabel>General</guilabel>, the
+ <guilabel>Commodities</guilabel>, or the <guilabel>Display</guilabel> tab of the
+ <guilabel>Report Options</guilabel> dialog box.
+ </para>
+ <note>
+ <simpara>In the example the report can be customized using the
+ <menuchoice><guimenu>Reports</guimenu><guisubmenu>Assets & Liabilities</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Average Balance</guimenuitem></menuchoice> menu.
+ </simpara>
+ </note>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>Determining The Source Of The Stock Price/Currency Exchange Rate in Reports</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-stockvalue-report-options">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_stockvalue_report_options.png"
+ srccredit="John Ralls"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Determining the value of a stock commodity or a currency other than the report currency in a report
+ by setting the Price Source option.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Weighted Average</guilabel></term>
+ <listitem><para>Calculates the price by summing the absolute value of the
+ amount and the absolute value of every split in every account denominated in the
+ commodity, excluding those splits with a zero amount, and dividing the sum of values
+ by the sum of amounts to obtain a price. For example, if you had a buy transaction for
+ 200 shares of XYZ for a total of 2000 and a sell of 100 for 1300 the weighted average
+ would be 3300/300 or 11/share.
+ </para>
+ <note>
+ <para>Gain/Loss splits have an amount of 0 and are <emphasis>not</emphasis> included in this calculation.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Average Cost</guilabel></term>
+ <listitem><para>Calculates the price by summing the amounts and values of every
+ split in every account denominated in the commodity, including the zero amount splits.
+ In the example above, with an additional split (either part of the sale transaction or
+ in a separate transaction) booking the gain at 0 shares and a 300 gain, the average
+ cost is 1000/100 (2000 original cost − 1300 proceeds from the sale + 300 gain)/(200 −
+ 100) shares or 10/share.
+ </para>
+ <note>
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><simpara>Gain/Loss splits <emphasis>are</emphasis> included in this calculation.</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>This is the <emphasis>only</emphasis> <guilabel>Price Source</guilabel> that will balance the
+ <guilabel>Trial Balance Report</guilabel> and in order for it to balance you
+ <emphasis>must</emphasis> correctly book your gains and losses.</simpara></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </note>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Most Recent</guilabel></term>
+ <listitem><para>Uses the latest price from the price database.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>Nearest in time</guilabel></term>
+ <listitem><para>Uses the price nearest in time to the report date—the
+ datum date for time series reports like <guilabel>Assets Over
+ Time</guilabel>—from the price database.
+ <note>
+ <simpara>The nearest date isn’t necessarily before the date in question.</simpara>
+ </note>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>An Asset Barchart Report Based On The <quote>Nearest In Time</quote> Price Source</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-stockvalue-report">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_stockvalue_report.png"
+ srccredit="Dave Herman"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Tracking what value your stocks would’ve had on the stock exchanges.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="invest-sell1">
+ <title>Selling Shares</title>
+
+ <para>Entering an investment sale transaction is done in a similar way to entering a buy transaction (see
+ <xref linkend="invest-buy-new2" />) except the amount entered in the
+ <guilabel>Shares</guilabel> column is negative and the proceeds of the transaction is entered
+ in the <guilabel>Sell</guilabel> column. The net proceeds from the sale should be transferred
+ from the shares account to your bank or brokerage account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For information on handling <emphasis>commissions</emphasis> and the use of <emphasis>Net
+ Pricing</emphasis> or <emphasis>Gross Pricing</emphasis>, please see
+ <xref linkend="invest-buy-com" />.
+ If you will be recording a capital gain or loss on the sale, please see
+ <xref linkend="chapter_capgain" /> and <xref linkend="chapter_dep" /> for more information on
+ this topic.
+ To use the &app; <emphasis>Automatic Calculation of Capital Gain or Loss Using Lots</emphasis>
+ feature, please see <xref linkend="invest-sellLots" /> otherwise continue to the next section.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-sell-man">
+ <title>Selling Shares with Manual Calculation of Capital Gain or Loss</title>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>In order for &app; to commit the zero-share, zero-price split for account
+ <emphasis>Assets:Stock:SYMBOL</emphasis> to the transaction in the following schemes, you
+ <emphasis>must</emphasis> <keycap>Tab</keycap> out of that split. If you use the
+ <keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap> key, &app; will convert the split into shares of
+ the commodity.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>In the schemes of transaction splits presented below, the following symbols are used:
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>NUM_SHARES</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>the number of shares you are selling</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>COMMISSION</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>brokerage commissions or fees</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>GROSS_SELL_PRICE</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>unit price for which you sold the shares, not reduced by COMMISSION</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>NET_SELL_PRICE</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>unit price for which you sold the shares, reduced by COMMISSION</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>GROSS_BUY_PRICE</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>unit price for which you bought the shares, not increased by COMMISSION</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>NET_BUY_PRICE</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>unit price for which you bought the shares, increased by COMMISSION</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>GROSS_BUY</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>total price for which you bought shares, excluding COMMISSION, equal to NUM_SHARES * GROSS_BUY_PRICE</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>NET_BUY</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>amount of money for which you bought shares including COMMISSION, equal to GROSS_BUY + COMMISSION</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>GROSS_SALE</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>total price for which you sold shares, equal to NUM_SHARES * GROSS_SELL_PRICE</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>NET_SALE</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>amount of money received from the sale, equal to GROSS_SALE − COMMISSION</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>GROSS_PROFIT</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>amount of money you made on the sale, not reduced by COMMISSION</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>NET_PROFIT</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>amount of money you made on the sale, reduced by COMMISSION</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+ </para>
+
+
+ <para>There are 2 ways of manually recording the capital gain or loss. The capital gain/loss can be
+ combined with the sale in one transaction or it can be entered in a separate transaction.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-sell-man-comb">
+ <title>Combine the Sale and Capital Gain/Loss in One Transaction</title>
+
+ <para>This has the advantage that all parts of the sale event are kept together. This is
+ <emphasis>not</emphasis> compatible with using <emphasis>scrubbing</emphasis> (see
+ <xref linkend="invest-sellLots" />). If you may in future use scrubbing on a specific
+ security, save some work later by entering the capital gain/loss splits in a separate
+ transaction now.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>When the capital gain/loss splits are combined with the sale splits in one transaction, there are 2
+ splits for the security account in the same transaction, so the transaction must be
+ entered with the security register in <guilabel>Auto-Split Ledger</guilabel> or
+ <guilabel>Transaction Journal</guilabel> view. One of the splits for the security account
+ is for the sale and the other is for the capital gain or loss. The security account split
+ for the capital gain or loss must be entered with 0 number of shares and 0 price per share
+ to stop the automatic recalculation of these fields.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Account for the profit or loss as coming from an <emphasis>Income:Capital Gains</emphasis> or
+ <emphasis>Expenses:Capital Loss</emphasis> account.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect4 id="invest-sell-man-comb-gr">
+ <title>Combined, Gross Pricing</title>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Sale and Capital Gain/Loss Are Combined, Gross Pricing</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Number of Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Share Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Bank ABC
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_SALE
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Stock:SYMBOL
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GROSS_PROFIT
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ (Loss)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Commission
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ COMMISSION
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Stock:SYMBOL
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ −NUM_SHARES
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GROSS_SELL_PRICE
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GROSS_SALE
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Capital Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ (Loss)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GROSS_PROFIT
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <example>
+ <title>Sale of Shares with Profit, Manual Profit/Loss Calculation, Sale & Profit Combined,
+ Gross Pricing</title>
+
+ <simpara>In this example, we will use the AMZN account created in <xref linkend="invest-setup-example2" />.</simpara>
+ <para>You bought 100 shares of AMZN for $20 per share, then later sell them all for $36
+ per share with a commission of $75. The split transaction scheme is as follows:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><simpara>GROSS_BUY_PRICE is $20 (the original buying price),</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>NUM_SHARES is 100,</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>GROSS_BUY is $2,000 (the original buying cost),</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>GROSS_SALE is $3,600,</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>and finally GROSS_PROFIT is $1,600 (GROSS_SALE − GROSS_BUY).</simpara></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+ <para><!-- Hack to get a figure inside of an example -->
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Sale & Gain Combined, Gross Pricing</title>
+ <?dbfo table-width="70%" ?>
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="4*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Bank ABC
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 3525.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Brokerage Account:Stock:AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1600.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Commission
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 75.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Brokerage Account:Stock:AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ −100
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 36.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 3600.00
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Capital Gain (Long Term):AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1600.00
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares, Gain Combined, Gross Pricing</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-sellstockManProfComb">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_sellstock.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_sellstock.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ <note>
+ <para>In the above screenshot, it appears there are 2 transactions for Mar. 21, 2006. This is because the
+ register is in <guilabel> Auto-Split Ledger</guilabel> view and there are 2 splits for
+ the register account in the 1 transaction. <guilabel>Transaction Journal</guilabel>
+ view may be clearer. Refer to <xref linkend="txns-registers-txntypes" />. As there are 2
+ splits for the register account in the sale transaction, this transaction must be
+ entered in <guilabel>Auto-Split Ledger</guilabel> or <guilabel>Transaction
+ Journal</guilabel> view. It cannot be entered in <guilabel>Basic Ledger</guilabel> view.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Account Tree after the Example of Selling Shares for a Gain</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-sellstockManProfComb2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_sellstock2.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_sellstock2.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </para>
+ </example>
+ </sect4>
+
+ <sect4 id="invest-sell-man-comb-net">
+ <title>Combined, Net Pricing</title>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Sale and Capital Gain/Loss Are Combined, Net Pricing</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Number of Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Share Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Bank ABC
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_SALE
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Stock:SYMBOL
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_PROFIT
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ (Loss)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Stock:SYMBOL
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ −NUM_SHARES
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_SELL_PRICE
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_SALE
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Capital Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ (Loss)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_PROFIT
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <example>
+ <title>Sale of Shares with Profit, Manual Profit/Loss Calculation, Sale & Profit Combined, Net Pricing</title>
+ <simpara>In this example, we will use the AMZN account created in <xref linkend="invest-setup-example2" />.</simpara>
+ <para>You bought 100 shares of AMZN for $20 per share (including commissions), then later
+ sell them all for $36 per share with a commission of $75. The split transaction scheme
+ is as follows:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><simpara>NUM_SHARES is 100,</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>NET_BUY_PRICE is $20 (the original buying price),</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>NET_BUY is $2,000 (the original buying cost),</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>NET_SELL_PRICE is $35.25 (($3600 − $75) / 100)),</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>GROSS_SALE is $3,600, NET_SALE is $3,525,</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>and finally NET_PROFIT is $1,525 (NET_SALE − NET_BUY).</simpara></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para><!-- Hack to get a figures and tables inside of an example -->
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Sale & Gain Combined, Net Pricing</title>
+ <?dbfo table-width="70%" ?>
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="4*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Bank ABC
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 3525.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Brokerage Account:Stock:AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1525.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Brokerage Account:Stock:AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ −100
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 35.25
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 3525.00
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Capital Gain (Long Term):AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1525.00
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares for Gain using Net Pricing in Transaction Journal View</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-sellstockManProfCombNet">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_sellstockManProfCombNet.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_sellstockManProfCombNet.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </para>
+ </example>
+
+ </sect4>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-sell-man-sep">
+ <title>Separate the Capital Gain/Loss Transaction from the Sale Transaction</title>
+
+ <para>This is <emphasis>required</emphasis> if using <emphasis>scrubbing</emphasis> to
+ calculate and create capital gain/loss transactions automatically. Otherwise scrubbing will not detect
+ them and will create an incorrectly valued capital gain/loss transaction.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect4 id="invest-sell-man-sep-gr">
+ <title>Separated, Gross Pricing</title>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Sale and Capital Gain/Loss Are Separate Transactions, Sale Transaction</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Number of Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Share Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Bank ABC
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_SALE
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Commission
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ COMMISSION
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Stock:SYMBOL
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ −NUM_SHARES
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GROSS_SELL_PRICE
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GROSS_SALE
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Sale and Capital Gain/Loss Are Separate Transactions, Capital Gain/Loss
+ Transaction</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Number of Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Share Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Stock:SYMBOL
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GROSS_PROFIT
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ (Loss)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Capital Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ (Loss)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GROSS_PROFIT
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ <example>
+ <title>Sale of Shares with Profit, Manual Profit/Loss Calculation, Sale & Profit Separated, Gross Pricing</title>
+ <simpara>In this example, we will use the AMZN account created in <xref linkend="invest-setup-example2" />.</simpara>
+
+ <para>You bought 100 shares of AMZN for $20 per share and commissions $20, then later sell them all for
+ $36 per share with a commission of $75. The split transaction scheme is as follows:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><simpara>GROSS_BUY_PRICE is $20 (the original buying price),</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>NUM_SHARES is 100,</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>GROSS_BUY is $2,000 (the original buying cost),</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>GROSS_SALE is $3,600,</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>finally GROSS_PROFIT is $1,600 (GROSS_SALE − GROSS_BUY).</simpara></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Sale Transaction, Gross Pricing</title>
+ <?dbfo table-width="70%" ?>
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="4*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Bank ABC
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 3525.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Commission
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 75.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Brokerage Account:Stock:AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ −100
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 36.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 3600.00
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Gain Transaction, Gross Pricing</title>
+ <?dbfo table-width="70%" ?>
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="4*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Brokerage Account:Stock:AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1600.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Capital Gain (Long Term):AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1600.00
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares for Gain Where the Sale and Gain are Recorded in Separate Transactions,
+ in <guilabel>Transaction Journal</guilabel> View</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-sellstockManProfSep">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_sellstockManProfSep.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_sellstockManProfSep.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </para>
+ </example>
+ </sect4>
+
+ <sect4 id="invest-sell-man-sep-net">
+ <title>Separated, Net Pricing</title>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Sale and Capital Gain/Loss Are Separate Transactions, Sale Transaction</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Number of Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Share Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Bank ABC
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_SALE
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Stock:SYMBOL
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ −NUM_SHARES
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_SELL_PRICE
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_SALE
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Sale and Capital Gain/Loss Are Separate Transactions, Capital Gain/Loss
+ Transaction</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Number of Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Share Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Total Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Stock:SYMBOL
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_PROFIT
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ (Loss)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Capital Gains
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ (Loss)
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ NET_PROFIT
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <example id="invest-sell-man-prof-sep-net">
+ <title>Sale of Shares with Profit, Manual Profit/Loss Calculation, Sale & Profit Separated, Net Pricing</title>
+ <simpara>In this example, we will use the AMZN account created in <xref linkend="invest-setup-example2" />.</simpara>
+
+ <para>You bought 100 shares of AMZN for $20 per share (including commissions), then later sell them all
+ for $36 per share with a commission of $75. In the split transaction scheme is as follows:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><simpara>NUM_SHARES is 100,</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>NET_BUY_PRICE is $20 (the original buying price),</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>NET_BUY is $2,000 (the original buying cost),</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>NET_SELL_PRICE is $35.25 (($3600 − $75) / 100)),</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>GROSS_SALE is $3,600, NET_SALE is $3,525,</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara>and finally NET_PROFIT is $1,525 (NET_SALE − NET_BUY).</simpara></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Sale Transaction, Net Pricing</title>
+<?dbfo table-width="70%" ?>
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="4*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Bank ABC
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 3525.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Brokerage Account:Stock:AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ −100
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 35.25
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 3525.00
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <table>
+ <title>Selling Shares Split Scheme, Gain Transaction, Net Pricing</title>
+<?dbfo table-width="70%" ?>
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="4*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+ <colspec colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Buy</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Sell</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Brokerage Account:Stock:AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1525.00
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Capital Gain (Long Term):AMZN
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 1525.00
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares for Gain Where the Sale and Gain are Recorded in Separate Transactions,
+ in <guilabel>Transaction Journal</guilabel> View</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-sellstockManProfSepNet">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_sellstockManProfSepNet.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_sellstockManProfSep.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </para>
+ </example>
+
+
+ </sect4>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-sellLots">
+ <title>Selling Shares with Automatic Calculation of Capital Gain or Loss Using Lots</title>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-sellLotsIntro">
+ <title>Introduction</title>
+
+ <para><ulink url="&url-wp-en;Lot">Wikipedia</ulink> includes the following definition of a lot:
+ <blockquote>
+ <simpara>a set of goods for sale together in an auction; or a quantity of a financial instrument</simpara>
+ </blockquote>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>&app; has a built-in lot management facility that can be used to keep track of capital gains or
+ losses resulting from security sales. Buy and sell transactions are put into lots for the
+ purpose of calculating the cost of the sale. More specifically, a lot is used to link
+ particular buy and sell transaction splits. Lots can be automatically or manually created
+ and linked. Capital gain or loss can be automatically calculated and transaction(s)
+ created for the difference between the sale value and the cost of the securities sold.
+ &app; refers to this process as <emphasis>scrubbing</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The term <emphasis>scrub</emphasis> is used because security accounts need to be cleaned after sales
+ to ensure the difference between the cost paid for securities, and value received from
+ selling them, is accounted for as capital gain or loss. If the capital gain/loss is not
+ correct, the <guimenuitem>Trial Balance</guimenuitem> bottom line total debits will not balance to total credits.
+ To see the <guimenuitem>Trial Balance</guimenuitem>, select <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Reports</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Income & Expense</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>Trial Balance</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>. </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>If you make an error, you can delete the lot(s) and capital gain/loss transaction(s) and retry.
+ Ensure you delete the lot, or at least unlink sale transactions from the lot, before you
+ delete a capital gain/loss transaction. Otherwise, the <guilabel>Lots in
+ Account</guilabel> screen will recreate the capital gain/loss transaction when you
+ select the lot.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>If you are not familiar with <acronym>FIFO</acronym>, <acronym>LIFO</acronym> or Average costing, please see Wikipedia
+ <ulink
+ url="&url-wp-en;FIFO_and_LIFO_accounting">FIFO and LIFO
+ accounting</ulink> and <ulink
+ url="&url-wp-en;Average_cost_method">Average
+ cost method</ulink>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you are not familiar with the difference between &app; transactions and splits, please see
+ <xref linkend="txns-registers-txntypes" />.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The &app; lot management facility can be a useful feature, reducing manual calculation, especially
+ if dividends have been reinvested over years and there are many different costs involved.
+ It can automatically link buy transactions to sell transactions using <acronym>FIFO</acronym> cost method and
+ one can manually link specific buy transactions to sell transactions in order to use <acronym>LIFO</acronym>.
+ Advanced Portfolio Report basis costs and gains/losses will agree with the costs and
+ gain/loss transactions created by scrubbing if either the <acronym>FIFO</acronym> or <acronym>LIFO</acronym> cost methods are
+ used.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-sellLotsWin">
+ <title>Lots in Account Window</title>
+
+ <para>The <guilabel>Lots in Account SSSS</guilabel> window, where SSSS is a security account, is used to
+ manually or automatically link security transaction splits to lots and create capital
+ gain/loss transactions to account for the difference between the costs of buying a
+ security and the value received by selling it.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To open the <guilabel>Lots in Account</guilabel> window, open the security account register, then
+ select
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu><guimenuitem>View Lots</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Lots in Account window</title><screenshot id="tool-lotsInAcct">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots2_BeforeScrub1Lot.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots2_BeforeScrub1Lot.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the <emphasis>Lots in Account</emphasis> window.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Refer to the Help Manual, Chapter 8 Tools & Assistants,
+ <ulink url="&url-docs-C;help/tool-lots.html">Lots in Account</ulink>
+ for details of the Lots in Account screen elements.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-sellProcedure">
+ <title>Procedure Summary</title>
+
+ <para>Using the lot management facility for the automatic calculation of capital gain or loss typically
+ follows these steps:
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>Record the sale transaction using Net Pricing (but stop short of entering the Capital Gain
+ transaction as it will be created by scrubbing). See
+ <xref linkend="invest-sell-man-prof-sep-net" />.
+ </simpara>
+ </listitem>
+<!-- Manual Lot Creation and Linking -->
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara><xref linkend="invest-sellManual" /> (Optional depending on cost method)</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+<!-- Automatic Creation of Capital Gain Or Loss Transactions -->
+ <simpara><xref linkend="invest-sellAuto" /></simpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+<!-- Change Orphaned Gains-CCC to Gain/Loss Account -->
+ <simpara><xref linkend="invest-sellChgCapGainsAcct" /></simpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+<!-- Run a Trial Balance -->
+ <simpara><xref linkend="invest-sellTrialBal" /> report to ensure total debits balance to total credits.</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-sellManual">
+ <title>Manual Lot Creation and Linking</title>
+
+ <para>Before using this feature, ensure you have read <xref linkend="invest-sellConsiderations" />.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This functionality allows the manual linking of specific buy and sell transactions. It may be used in
+ the case where a user wishes to use a different cost method than the automatic linking
+ method (<acronym>FIFO</acronym>). Effectively, if one wishes the cost basis and capital gains in the Advanced
+ Portfolio Report to be consistent with the capital gains transactions created by
+ scrubbing, manual lot creation only needs to be used when using <acronym>LIFO</acronym> or <quote>sale of
+ designated lots</quote> (the same thing for securities as far as US personal tax law is
+ concerned). This is because the scrub function can automatically do <acronym>FIFO</acronym> linking so there
+ is no need to do it manually and scrubbing cannot be used for average costing.
+
+ See <xref linkend="invest-sellManualExample" />.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-sellAuto">
+ <title>Automatic Creation of Capital Gain Or Loss Transactions</title>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Do <emphasis>not</emphasis> do this unless you are using <acronym>FIFO</acronym> or <acronym>LIFO</acronym> to cost sales. See
+ <xref linkend="invest-sellConsiderations" />.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>&app; can automatically calculate and create security sale capital gain/loss transactions. Lots are
+ used to link buy transaction splits with sell transaction splits so the correct cost of
+ the securities sold can be determined. &app; will use any existing lots, and create new
+ lots for any buy transaction splits not already linked to a lot. Buy and sell transaction
+ splits are linked to lots using <acronym>FIFO</acronym> method.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>See:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><simpara><xref linkend="invest-sellAutoExample" />,</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara><xref linkend="invest-sellAutoExample2" />,</simpara></listitem>
+ <listitem><simpara><xref linkend="invest-sellFifoSplit" />.</simpara></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-sellChgCapGainsAcct">
+ <title>Change Orphaned Gains-CCC to Gain/Loss Account</title>
+
+ <para>The capital gain/loss transaction(s) created by scrubbing uses an automatically created generic
+ <emphasis>Orphaned Gains-CCC</emphasis> account (where CCC is the security currency)
+ because &app; doesn't know which capital gain or loss account should be used. After
+ scrubbing, the user should edit the <emphasis> Orphaned Gains-CCC</emphasis> transaction
+ split to re-assign the income account to a more meaningful income (or expense) gain or
+ loss account (for example, <emphasis>Income:Capital Gain (Long Term):IBM</emphasis>).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>See <xref linkend="invest-sellChgCapGainsAcctExample" />.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-sellTrialBal">
+ <title>Run a Trial Balance</title>
+
+ <para>Running a Trial Balance report (
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Reports</guimenu><guisubmenu>Income & Expense</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>Trial Balance</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ ) after creating capital gain/loss transactions, is a basic check that capital
+ gains/losses are correctly accounting for the difference between the cost paid for
+ securities, and value received from selling them. At the end of the report, total debits
+ should equal total credits.
+ </para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>A Trial Balance may not balance due to some other problem. To determine if the cause of an imbalance
+ is from incorrectly accounting for capital gain/loss:
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>If necessary, temporarily change the date of the sell transaction and the capital gain/loss
+ transaction, so they are the only transactions for a particular date, then run the Trial
+ Balance as at the day before. If the Trial Balance is still out by the same amount, it
+ is not the capital gain/loss that is causing the problem.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>If you find a prior <emphasis>out of balance</emphasis> Trial Balance, keep running the Trial
+ Balance report with different dates until you find the date it starts being out of
+ balance. Temporarily change the transaction dates for each transaction on the problem
+ date to the following day, then change the dates back to the correct date 1 at a time,
+ running the Trial Balance each time, until you identify the problem transaction. When
+ you change the date of a security sell transaction, you also need to change the date of
+ the corresponding capital gain transaction as it is only the sum of these that will
+ balance in the Trial Balance.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="invest-sellConsiderations">
+ <title>Considerations</title>
+
+ <para>There are some points that should be considered before using the lot management facility.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>&app; implements only the First In/ First Out (<acronym>FIFO</acronym>) cost method when automatically linking buy
+ transactions to sell transactions. That means the oldest securities are always sold first.
+ The Last In First Out (<acronym>LIFO</acronym>) cost method may be used by manually linking the most
+ recent buy security splits to the sell split before scrubbing.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The Advanced Portfolio Report does not use lot information when calculating costs, just the security
+ transaction splits. It calculates the cost basis and gains or losses using the
+ selected <emphasis>Basis calculation method</emphasis> report option (Average, <acronym>FIFO</acronym> or
+ <acronym>LIFO</acronym>). If one wishes the Advanced Portfolio Report costs and gains/losses to be
+ consistent with the capital gain/loss transactions created by scrubbing, the same cost
+ model must be used in both places.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Scrubbing does not recognize commissions or fees so makes no allowance for them in the calculation
+ of gain or loss. Therefore you must use <emphasis>Net Pricing</emphasis> rather than
+ <emphasis>Gross Pricing</emphasis> if you wish to use scrubbing. See
+ <xref linkend="invest-buy-com" />.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Scrubbing does not recognize capital gain/loss transaction splits if they have been manually entered
+ as part of the sale transaction. Therefore ensure previous sales are recorded as 2
+ transactions:
+ </para>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Transaction 1 dealing with value received and the reduction of the number of shares</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Tot Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>(Unit) Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Buy (Debit)</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Sell (Credit)</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Brokerage or Bank
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Debit
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Security
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ −NumSold
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ SaleUnitPrice
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ SaleValue
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Transaction 2 capital gain/loss (loss in this example)</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="5">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Account</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Tot Shares</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>(Unit) Price</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Buy (Debit)</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ <emphasis>Sell (Credit)</emphasis>
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Capital Loss
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Debit
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Security
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Credit
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The automatic capital gains calculations can handle straightforward buy, sell, and return of capital
+ transactions but any transaction that affect the number of shares, even simple splits,
+ will cause it to produce wrong answers so those cases must be handled manually.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Examples</title>
+ <example id="invest-sellManualExample">
+ <title>Manual Lot Creation and Linking</title>
+
+ <para>Here is an example of selling part of a security holding using the <acronym>LIFO</acronym> method. In this example, the
+ most recent buy transaction (dated Jul. 1, 2016, a reinvested dividend), is linked to a lot,
+ along with the sell transaction, and the &app; scrub function is used to calculate capital
+ gain or loss and create the capital gain/loss transaction.
+ </para>
+
+ <procedure>
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Open the security account's register.</simpara>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Security register before scrubbing a single lot</title><screenshot id="invest-lots0reg">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots0_RegB4Scrub.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots0_RegB4Scrub.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <simpara>An image of the Security Account register in transaction journal view, before lot scrubbing.</simpara>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </step>
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Ensure all previous capital gain/loss transactions are separate transactions to the sell
+ transactions which record the reduction in the number of shares and the value
+ received.</simpara>
+ </step>
+ <step><simpara>Select
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu><guimenuitem>View Lots</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ to open the <guilabel>Lots in Account SSSS</guilabel> window where SSSS is the
+ security account.
+ </simpara>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Lots before scrubbing a single lot</title><screenshot id="invest-lots1B4CreateLot">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots1_BeforeCreateLot.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots1_BeforeCreateLot.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the <emphasis>Lots in Account</emphasis> window before lot scrubbing.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </step>
+
+ <step><simpara>Create a new lot using the <guibutton>New Lot</guibutton> button. Initially this lot is not linked to
+ any buy or sell split.</simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Highlight the new lot in the <guilabel>Lots in This Account</guilabel> panel.</simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step><simpara>Highlight the buy split (dated Jul. 1, 2016) of the security to be sold in the <guilabel>Splits
+ free</guilabel> panel.</simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step><simpara>Click the <guilabel>>></guilabel> button to link the buy split with the highlighted lot. The
+ split moves from the <guilabel>Splits free</guilabel> panel to the <guilabel>Splits
+ in Lot</guilabel> panel.
+ </simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step><simpara>Repeat the previous 2 steps for any other buy splits that should be included in the lot (in this
+ example, there is only 1 buy split in the sale).
+ </simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Highlight the sell split in the <guilabel>Splits free</guilabel> panel.</simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Click the <guilabel>>></guilabel> button to link the sell split with the highlighted lot.</simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Check the lot <guilabel>Balance</guilabel> is as expected. In this example the lot balance
+ should be zero as the number of securities sold in the lot, is matched with the same
+ number of security buys.
+ </simpara>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Lots before scrubbing a single lot, after manual linking</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-lots2B4Scrub1Lot">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots2_BeforeScrub1Lot.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots2_BeforeScrub1Lot.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <simpara>An image of the <emphasis>Lots in Account</emphasis> window before scrubbing a single lot.</simpara>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Click the <guibutton>Scrub</guibutton> button (<emphasis>not</emphasis> the <guibutton>Scrub Account</guibutton> button.)
+ </simpara>
+ <para>The <guilabel>Lots in Account</guilabel> window has not changed after using the
+ <guilabel>Scrub</guilabel> button so no example screen image is supplied.
+ </para>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Close the <guilabel>Lots in Account SSSS</guilabel> window and return to the security account
+ register.
+ </simpara>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Register after manual linking and scrubbing a single lot</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-lots2RegAftScrub1Lot">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots2_RegAfterScrub1Lot.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots2_RegAfterScrub1Lot.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <simpara>An image of the Register after scrubbing a single lot.</simpara>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Continue to <xref linkend="invest-sellChgCapGainsAcct" />.</simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ </procedure>
+ </example>
+
+
+ <example id="invest-sellAutoExample">
+ <title>Automatic Creation of Capital Gain Or Loss Transactions</title>
+
+ <simpara>Create the capital gains transaction by following these steps:</simpara>
+
+ <procedure>
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Open the security account's register.</simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Ensure any previous manually entered capital gain/loss transaction splits have been entered in
+ separate transactions to the the sell transactions.</simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Select
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu><guimenuitem>View Lots</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ to open the <guilabel>Lots in Account SSSS</guilabel> window where SSSS is the
+ security account.</simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>If using <acronym>LIFO</acronym>, use the above procedure <xref linkend="invest-sellManual" /> to create a lot for each
+ sell transaction, link the lot with the sell transaction and each of the buy
+ transactions that make up the sale.</simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Click the <guilabel>Scrub Account</guilabel> button which:</simpara>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Creates lots for any buy transactions that are not already linked to a lot and links them to sell
+ transactions splits using the <acronym>FIFO</acronym> method. As a transaction split can only be
+ linked to 1 lot, if a sell transaction needs to be linked to multiple lots, the
+ sell transaction split is itself split into multiple subsplits. In the case of
+ multiple subsplits, it is possible to have different splits from the same
+ transaction in both the <guilabel>Splits free</guilabel> and <guilabel>Splits in
+ lot</guilabel> panels.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>Creates a separate transaction per lot for capital gain/loss.</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Continue to <xref linkend="invest-sellChgCapGainsAcct" />.</simpara>
+ </step>
+ </procedure>
+ </example>
+
+
+ <example id="invest-sellAutoExample2">
+ <title>Automatic Creation of Capital Gain Or Loss Transactions, 2 Sales at Once</title>
+
+ <para>Here is an example of <acronym>FIFO</acronym> scrubbing without manual lot creation. In this example, the transactions
+ for 2 sales are scrubbed at once but usually scrubbing would be performed after each sale.
+ One reason for scrubbing 2 sales at once, could be because there were multiple sales on
+ the same day.
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Register before Scrub Account</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest2-lots0reg">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest2Lots0RegB4Scrub.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest2Lots0RegB4Scrub.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <simpara>An image of the Security Account register in transaction journal view, before Scrub Account is used.</simpara>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </para>
+
+ <procedure>
+ <step><simpara>Select
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu><guimenuitem>View Lots</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ to open the <guilabel>Lots in Account SSSS</guilabel> window where SSSS is the
+ security account.</simpara>
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Lots before Scrub Account</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest2-lots1B4ScrubAcct">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest2Lots1B4Scrub.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest2Lots1B4Scrub.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <simpara>An image of the <emphasis>Lots in Account</emphasis> window before Scrub Account is used.</simpara>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Click the <guilabel>Scrub Account</guilabel> button.</simpara>
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Lots after Scrub Account</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest2-lots2AftScrubAcct">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest2Lots2LotsAftScrubAcct.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest2Lots2LotsAftScrubAcct.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the <emphasis>Lots in Account </emphasis> window after using Scrub Account.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>After using the <guilabel>Scrub Account</guilabel> button only the last lot is shown, so the above
+ image is after the <guilabel>Lots in Account</guilabel> window has been closed and
+ reopened so all the lots show.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Close the <guilabel>Lots in Account SSSS</guilabel> window and return to the security account register.</simpara>
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Register after Scrub Account</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest2-lots3AftScrubAcct">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest2Lots3RegAftScrubAcct.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest2Lots3RegAftScrubAcct.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the <emphasis>security register</emphasis> after using Scrub Account.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>The security splits in the sell transactions have been split into subsplits, one subsplit per lot,
+ and a capital gain transaction has been created for each security subsplit of each
+ sell transaction.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Continue to <xref linkend="invest-sellChgCapGainsAcct" />.</simpara>
+ </step>
+ </procedure>
+ </example>
+
+ <example id="invest-sellFifoSplit">
+ <title>Automatic Creation of Capital Gain Or Loss Transactions - After a Simple Stock Split</title>
+
+ <para>Here is an example of <acronym>FIFO</acronym> scrubbing without manual lot creation/linking, where the Stock Split
+ Assistant has been used for a simple stock split. In this example, 100 shares of security
+ XYZ were bought for $10.00 each, there was a simple 2 for 1 stock split for zero cost (so
+ the holding was then 200 shares @ $5.00 each), then all 200 shares were sold for $6.00
+ each.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Register after Scrub Account</title><screenshot id="investLotsSplitReg">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLotsSplitReg.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLotsSplitReg.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the Security Account register in transaction journal view, after Scrub Account is used.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Lot 0 after Scrub Account</title><screenshot id="investLotsSplitLot0">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLotsSplitLot0.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLotsSplitLot0.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the Security Account register in transaction journal view, after Scrub Account is used.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Lot 1 after Scrub Account</title><screenshot id="investLotsSplitLot1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLotsSplitLot1.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLotsSplitLot1.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the Security Account register in transaction journal view, after Scrub Account is used.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </para>
+ <para>The above screenshots show that scrubbing created:
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>2 lots. A separate lot for each buy (it essentially treats the stock split as a buy of 100 for no cost.)</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>2 capital gain transactions (one for each lot) on the date of the sale:</simpara>
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>Lot 0: Jul. 1, 2009 loss $400 (sale $600 − cost $1,000.)</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>Lot 1: Jul. 1, 2009 gain $600 (sale $600 − cost $0.)</simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Total gain $200 is correct. Whether the gain is a single long-term one or one each of long-term and
+ short-term or whether there's even a distinction depends on the user's tax jurisdiction
+ and the way the split is structured. If the user needs help figuring it out they should
+ consult a professional.
+ </para>
+
+ </example>
+
+ <example id="invest-sellChgCapGainsAcctExample">
+ <title>Changing the Orphaned Gains-CCC to Gain/Loss Account</title>
+ <procedure>
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Close the <guilabel>Lots in Account SSSS</guilabel> window if open and return to the security
+ account register.</simpara>
+ <figure pgwide="1">
+ <title>Selling Shares - Capital Gains - Register after scrubbing a single lot</title><screenshot id="invest-lots4AftScrub1LotReg">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots2_RegAfterScrub1Lot.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/investLots2_RegAfterScrub1Lot.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the <emphasis>security register</emphasis> after scrubbing a single lot.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Find each new <emphasis>Realized Gain/Loss</emphasis> transaction in the security account register
+ (they will have the same date as the sell transactions).
+ </simpara>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <simpara>Edit the <emphasis>Orphaned Gains-CCC</emphasis> transaction split to re-assign the income account to a more
+ meaningful income (or expense) gain or loss account (for example, <emphasis>Income:Capital Gain (Long Term):IBM</emphasis>).</simpara>
+ <tip>
+ <simpara>You may like to split the capital gain/loss into taxable and non taxable parts if that is in accord
+ with your tax laws.
+ </simpara>
+ </tip>
+ </step>
+ </procedure>
+ </example>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="invest-dividends1">
+ <title>Dividends</title>
+
+ <para>Some companies or mutual funds pay periodic dividends to shareholders. Dividends are typically given
+ in one of two ways, either they are automatically reinvested into the commodity or they are
+ given as cash. Mutual funds are often setup to automatically reinvest the dividend, while
+ common stock dividends usually pay cash.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-dividendcash">
+ <title>Dividends in Cash</title>
+
+ <para>If the dividend is presented as cash, you should record the transaction in the asset account that
+ received the money, as income from <emphasis>Income:Dividends</emphasis>. Additionally if
+ you want to tie the cash dividend to a particular stock holding then add a dummy transaction
+ split to the stock account with quantity 0 price 1 value 0.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>As an example consider the following; the dividends deposited as cash into the
+ <emphasis>Broker</emphasis> Account with a tie to the stock account.
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>Example Of Cash Dividend Transactions</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-dividendcash1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_dividendcash.png"
+ srccredit="Daniel Dodson"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the <emphasis>Brokerage</emphasis> Account register after a series of cash dividends.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>If you want to track dividends on a per-stock basis, you would need to create an
+ <emphasis>Income:Dividends:STOCKSYMBOL</emphasis> account for each stock you own that pays
+ dividends.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-dividendreinvest">
+ <title>Dividends Re-Invested</title>
+
+ <para>If you receive the dividend in the form of an automatic reinvestment, the transaction for this
+ should be handled within the stock or mutual fund account as income from
+ <emphasis>Income:Dividends</emphasis> for the appropriate number of reinvested shares. This type of
+ reinvest account is often referred to as a <acronym>DRIP</acronym> (Dividend Re-Investment Program).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>As an example consider the following purchase of NSTAR (NST) stock with the dividends reinvested
+ into a DRIP Account. Mutual fund re-investments would be the same.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Starting with the purchase of 100 shares on Jan. 3, 2005, all dividends will be reinvested and an
+ account is created to track the dividend to the specific stock. &app; simplifies the entry
+ by allowing calculations within the cells of the transaction. If the first dividend is
+ $0.29/share, enter <userinput>53.28</userinput> (purchase price + dividend) in the share <guilabel>Price</guilabel>
+ cell and <userinput>100*0.29</userinput> in the <guilabel>Buy</guilabel> cell. &app; will calculate for you the
+ corresponding number of <guilabel>Shares</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Example Of Dividend Reinvestment Transactions</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-dividendreinvest1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_dividendreinvest1.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_dividendreinvest1.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the NST Stock Account register after a dividend reinvestment.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="invest-retofcap">
+ <title>Return of Capital</title>
+
+ <para>This refers to a transaction where an investment returns capital to the investor and doesn't have
+ any accounting implications other than reducing the cost basis. The number of shares held is
+ not changed.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>A Return of Capital transaction can be entered in the stock register by entering the stock split
+ with:
+ </para>
+
+ <informaltable>
+ <tgroup cols="2">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Shares
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Price
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ 0
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Sell
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Return of Capital value
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </informaltable>
+
+ <para>The other side of the double entry would usually be a debit to the brokerage bank account.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Example Of Return Of Capital Transactions</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-ret-of-cap">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_ret_of_cap.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_ret_of_cap.png"
+ srccredit="Chris Good"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the Stock Account register after a return of capital.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>It is not possible to use the Stock Split Assistant to do this type of transaction.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>If you accidentally entered a non-zero price in the stock split, &app; may have created an unwanted
+ price database entry which could cause reports to be wrong. Check for and remove such an
+ unwanted entry from the price database using
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guimenuitem>Price Database</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>.
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="invest-splitsnmergers1">
+ <title>Splits and Mergers</title>
+
+ <para>Companies may split their stock for many reasons but the most common is that the price has risen
+ higher than management thinks is a reasonable price for many investors. Some of these splits
+ are simple exchanges (for example, 2 for 1 or 3 for 2) and some are complex exchanges with cash
+ distributions. Splits may also result in fewer shares if the exchange rate is a reverse split
+ (1 for 3 or 0.75 for 1).
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-simplesplit">
+ <title>Simple Stock Split</title>
+
+ <para>As an example, our holding of NST stock declared a 2 for 1 stock split effective June 6, 2005. The
+ process for entering this transaction is; select
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu><guimenuitem>Stock Split</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>
+ to start the assistant.
+ </para>
+
+ <!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>Activation Of The <quote>Stock Split</quote> Assistant</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-split1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_split1.png"
+ srccredit="Dave Herman"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the selection of the stock split assistant.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The first screen is an Introduction, select <guibutton>Forward</guibutton> to display the selection
+ of the account and stock for the split. You will need to create an entry for each
+ <emphasis>Account:Stock</emphasis> combination you hold.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Selection Of A Stock Account In The <quote>Stock Split</quote> Assistant</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-split2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_split2.png"
+ srccredit="Dave Herman"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the stock split assistant at step 2 - Selection of Account/Stock.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Select the <emphasis>Assets:Investments:DRIPs:NST</emphasis> and click on
+ <guibutton>Forward</guibutton>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The next screen presents 5 fields in the Stock Splits Details window:
+ </para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Date</term>
+ <listitem><simpara>Enter the date of the split.</simpara></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Shares</term>
+ <listitem><para>The number of shares increased (or decreased) in the transaction.
+ In this example, it is a 2 for 1 split so the number of additional shares is the number of shares
+ currently in the register.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Description</term>
+ <listitem><simpara>The Description should give a brief explanation of the transaction.</simpara></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>New Price</term>
+ <listitem><simpara>If desired the new price of the stock, after the split, may be entered.</simpara></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Currency</term>
+ <listitem><simpara>The currency of the transaction is required. This should be the same as the stock purchase currency.</simpara></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <para>Click on the <guibutton>Forward</guibutton> button.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Split Details In The <quote>Stock Split</quote> Assistant</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-split3">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_split3.png"
+ srccredit="Dave Herman"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the stock split assistant at step 3 - Split Details.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The next screen will be skipped in this example as there was no <quote>Cash in Lieu</quote>.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title><quote>Cash In Lieu</quote> In The <quote>Stock Split</quote> Assistant</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-split4">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_split4.png"
+ srccredit="Dave Herman"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the stock split assistant at step 4 - Cash in Lieu.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>A final <guilabel>Finish</guilabel> screen will give a last option to;
+ <guibutton>Cancel</guibutton>, <guibutton>Back</guibutton> to modify any data entered or
+ <guibutton>Apply</guibutton> to complete the stock split with the data entered.
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>The NST Account After A Simple Stock Split</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-simplesplit1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_simplesplit1.png"
+ srccredit="Dave Herman"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the <emphasis>Assets:Investments:DRIPs:NST</emphasis> register after a simple stock
+ split transaction.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="invest-merger1">
+ <title>Moderately Complex Stock Merger</title>
+
+ <para>As an example, assume you held AT&T stock during the Nov. 18, 2005 merger of SBC with AT&T.
+ For this example you will have purchased AT&T on April 1, 2005, any dividends will have
+ been paid in cash, therefore not entered into the AT&T stock register.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The conditions of the merger were 0.77942 share of SBC stock were exchanged for each share of
+ AT&T stock. The merged company continued to use the symbol <quote>T</quote> from
+ AT&T.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>AT&T paid a <quote>dividend</quote> of $1.20/share on the transaction date, however this will
+ not appear in the stock account as it was a cash distribution.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The process for entering this transaction is identical to the simple split until the
+ <quote>Details</quote> screen. You will need to create an split entry in each
+ <emphasis>Investment Account:Stock</emphasis> account combination that has shares splitting.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Selection Of A Stock Account In The <quote>Stock Split</quote> Assistant—Moderate</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-merge2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_merge2.png"
+ srccredit="Dave Herman"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the stock split assistant at step 2 - Selection of Account/Stock (<emphasis>Investment
+ Account:T</emphasis>).
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Select the <emphasis>Assets:Investments:Brokerage Account:Stock:T</emphasis> and click on
+ <guibutton>Forward</guibutton>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The next screen presents 5 fields in the Stock Splits Details window:
+ </para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Date</term>
+ <listitem><simpara>Enter the date of the split. Here we’ll enter November 18, 2005.</simpara></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Shares</term>
+ <listitem><para>The number of shares increased (or decreased) in the transaction.
+ In this example it is a 0.77942 for 1 split so the number of shares will decrease from the number of
+ shares currently in the register. You may use &app;’s ability to perform
+ calculations on an entry form by entering data directly (
+ <userinput>0.77942*100 − 100</userinput>) to calculate the decrease in shares from the
+ split.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Description</term>
+ <listitem><simpara>The Description should give a brief explanation of the transaction.</simpara></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>New Price</term>
+ <listitem><simpara>If desired the new price of the stock, after the split, may be entered.</simpara></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Currency</term>
+ <listitem><simpara>The currency of the transaction is required. This should be the same as the stock purchase currency.</simpara></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <para>Click on the <guibutton>Forward</guibutton> button.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Split Details In The <quote>Stock Split</quote> Assistant—Moderate</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-merge3">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_merge3.png"
+ srccredit="Dave Herman"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the stock split assistant at step 3 - Split Details.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The next screen will be skipped in this example as there was no <quote>Cash in Lieu</quote>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>A final <quote>Finish</quote> screen will give a last option to <guibutton>Back</guibutton> to modify
+ any data entered or <guibutton>Apply</guibutton> to complete the stock split with the data
+ entered.
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>The T Account After A Moderate Stock Split</title>
+ <screenshot id="invest-stockmerge1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/invest_stockmerge1.png"
+ srccredit="Dave Herman"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>An image of the <emphasis>Investment Account:T</emphasis> register after a stock split transaction
+ that decreases the shares.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+<!-- Working Location !!!!!!!!!!!!
+ <sect1 id="invest-todo1">
+ <title>To-do</title>
+
+ <para>These are the remaining documentation sections that originally
+ appeared in the 1.8.4 documentation which require being written up.</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+
+
+
+-->
+<!--
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Recording Stock Splits and Mergers (How-To)</para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Reconciling with the Brokerage Statement (How-To)</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Recording Employee Stock Plans (Discussion)</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Stock Options (How-To)</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect1>
+-->
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_loans.xml b/zh/guide/ch_loans.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..224a46fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_loans.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1335 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!-- (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: July 9th 2006
+ Maintainers:
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
+ Originally designed by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_loans">
+ <title>Loans</title>
+
+ <para>This chapter explains how to manage your loans with &app;.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="loans_concepts1">
+ <title>Basic Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>A loan is defined as a financial transaction in which someone pays for the use of someone
+ else’s money. There are many familiar examples of loans: credits cards, auto loans,
+ house mortgages, or a business loan.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="loans_conceptsterms2">
+ <title>Terminology</title>
+
+ <para>Before discussing tracking loan in &app; specifically, it will be helpful to present a glossary of
+ terminology. The terms presented below represent some of the basic concepts found concerning
+ loans. It is a good idea to become familiar with these terms, or at least, refer back to
+ this list if you encounter an unfamiliar word in the later sections.
+ </para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Amortization</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The repayment plan which will insure that a loan is eventually paid off, typically utilizing equal
+ valued monthly payments. These payments are usually split into principal and interest,
+ where the amount of principal per payment increases (and interest decreases) as the
+ amortization period elapses.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Borrower</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The person or company that receives the money from a loan.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Default</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The time when a borrower fails to repay a loan according to the terms agreed upon with the lender.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Deferment</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>A temporary delay in the repayment of a loan.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Delinquency</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>It is the term that refers to late payments.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Disbursement</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>An amount of the loan paid to the borrower. Some loans have multiple disbursements, meaning the
+ borrower does not receive the full amount of the loan at one time.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Interest</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The expense charged by the lender to the borrower for the use of the money loaned. This is typically
+ expressed in terms of a yearly percentage charged on the principal borrowed, known as
+ the <emphasis>Annual Percentage Rate</emphasis> or <acronym>APR</acronym>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Lender</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The company or person who lends money to a borrower.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Loan Fee</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>A processing fee removed from the principal at the time the borrower receives a loan.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Principal</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The original amount of the loan, or the amount of the original loan that is still owed. When you
+ make a monthly payment on a loan, part of the money pays the interest, and part pays
+ the principal.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Promissory Note</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The legal agreement between the borrower and lender concerning the loan.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="loans_accounts1">
+ <title>Setting Up Accounts</title>
+
+ <para>When a borrower obtains a loan, it is usually with the intention to make a purchase of something of
+ value. In fact, most loans require the borrower to buy some predetermined asset, such as a
+ house. This asset is insurance against the borrower defaulting on the loan. There are, of
+ course, examples of loans which do not necessarily have an associated high value asset, such
+ as educational loans.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For the account structure presented here, we will assume the loan was used to purchase a
+ compensating asset.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>A loan is a liability, the interest you accrue on the loan is an on-going expense, and any
+ administrative fees you may have to pay would be another expense. The thing purchased with the
+ money from a loan is an asset. With these parameters, we can now present a basic loan account
+ structure:
+ </para>
+
+ <bridgehead>
+ Basic Loan Account Structure
+ </bridgehead>
+<screen>
+-Asset
+ -Current Assets
+ -Saving
+ -Fixed Assets
+ -Asset Purchased
+-Liability
+ -Loans
+ -Mortgage Loan
+-Expenses
+ -Interest
+ -Mortgage Interest
+ -Mortgage Adm Fees</screen>
+ <para>&app; has a number of predefined loan account hierarchies available, including Car Loans and Home
+ Mortgage Loans. To access these predefined account structures, click on <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Actions</guimenu><guimenuitem>New Account Hierarchy...</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice> and select the loan types in which you are interested.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="loans_calcs1">
+ <title>Calculations</title>
+
+ <para>Determining loan amortization schedules, periodic payment amounts, total payment value, or interest
+ rates can be somewhat complex. To help facilitate these kinds of calculations, &app; has a
+ built-in <guilabel>Loan Repayment Calculator</guilabel>. To access the calculator, go to <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>Tools</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Loan Repayment Calculator</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Loan Repayment Calculator</title>
+ <screenshot id="loans_fcalc">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/loans_fcalc.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>The &app; <guilabel>Loan Repayment Calculator</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The <guilabel>Loan Repayment Calculator</guilabel> can be used to calculate any one of the
+ parameters: <guilabel>Payment Periods</guilabel>, <guilabel>Interest Rate</guilabel>,
+ <guilabel>Present Value</guilabel>, <guilabel>Periodic Payment</guilabel>, or <guilabel>Future
+ Value</guilabel> given that the other 4 have been defined. You will also need to specify the
+ compounding and payment methods.
+ </para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Payment Periods</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The number of payment periods.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Interest Rate</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The nominal interest rate of the loan, i.e., the yearly interest rate.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Present Value</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The present value of the loan, i.e., current amount owed on the loan.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Periodic Payment</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The amount to pay per period.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Future Value</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The future value of the loan, i.e., the amount owed after all payment periods are over.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Compounding</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Two interest compounding methods exist, discrete or continuous. For discrete compounding select the
+ compounding frequency from the popup menu with a range from yearly to daily.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Payments</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The popup menu allows you to select the payment frequency with a range from yearly to daily. You can
+ also select whether your payments occur at the beginning or end of the period. Payments
+ made at the beginning of the payment period have interest applied to the payment as well
+ as any previous money paid or money still owed.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <sect2 id="loans_calcsexample1_2">
+ <title>Example: Monthly Payments</title>
+
+ <para>What is your monthly payment on a $100,000 30 year loan at a fixed rate of 4% compounded monthly?
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This scenario is shown in the example image above. To perform this calculation, set
+ <guilabel>Payment Periods</guilabel> to <userinput>360</userinput> (12 months x 30 years),
+ <guilabel>Interest Rate</guilabel> to <userinput>4</userinput>, <guilabel>Present
+ Value</guilabel> to <userinput>100000</userinput>, leave <guilabel>Periodic
+ Payment</guilabel> empty and set <guilabel>Future Value</guilabel> to
+ <userinput>0</userinput> (you do not want to owe anything at the end of the loan).
+ <guilabel>Compounding</guilabel> is Monthly, <guilabel>Payments</guilabel> are Monthly,
+ assume End of Period Payments, and Discrete Compounding. Now, click on the
+ <guibutton>Calculate</guibutton> button next to the Periodic Payment area. You should see
+ $<computeroutput>-477.42</computeroutput>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Answer: You must make monthly payments of 477.42.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="loans_calcsexample2_2">
+ <title>Example: Length of Loan</title>
+
+ <para>How long will you be paying back a $20,000 loan at 10% fixed rate interest compounded monthly if you
+ pay $500 per month?
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To perform this calculation, leave <guilabel>Payment Periods</guilabel> empty, set
+ <guilabel>Interest Rate</guilabel> to <emphasis>10</emphasis>, <guilabel>Present
+ Value</guilabel> to <emphasis>20000</emphasis>, <guilabel>Periodic Payment</guilabel> is
+ <emphasis>-500</emphasis>, and <guilabel>Future Value</guilabel> is <emphasis>0</emphasis>
+ (you do not want to owe anything at the end of the loan). <guilabel>Compounding</guilabel>
+ is <emphasis>Monthly</emphasis>, <guilabel>Payments</guilabel> are
+ <emphasis>Monthly</emphasis>, assume <guilabel>End</guilabel> of <guilabel>Period</guilabel>
+ payments, and <guilabel>Discrete</guilabel> <guilabel>Compounding</guilabel>. Now, click on
+ the <guibutton>Calculate</guibutton>. You should see <computeroutput>49</computeroutput> in
+ the <guilabel>Payment Periods</guilabel> field.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Answer: You will pay off the loan in 4 years and 1 month (49 months).
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="loans_calcsdetails2">
+ <title>Advanced: Calculation Details</title>
+
+ <para>In order to discuss the mathematical formulas used by the <guilabel>Loan Repayment
+ Calculator</guilabel>, we first must define some variables.<screen>
+ n == number of payment periods
+ %i == nominal interest rate, NAR, charged
+ PV == Present Value
+ PMT == Periodic Payment
+ FV == Future Value
+ CF == Compounding Frequency per year
+ PF == Payment Frequency per year
+
+Normal values for CF and PF are:
+ 1 == annual
+ 2 == semi-annual
+ 3 == tri-annual
+ 4 == quaterly
+ 6 == bi-monthly
+ 12 == monthly
+ 24 == semi-monthly
+ 26 == bi-weekly
+ 52 == weekly
+ 360 == daily
+ 365 == daily</screen>
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="loans_calcsdetails_i2">
+ <title>Converting between nominal and effective interest rate</title>
+
+ <para>When a solution for n, PV, PMT or FV is required, the nominal interest rate (i) must first be
+ converted to the effective interest rate per payment period (ieff). This rate, ieff, is
+ then used to compute the selected variable. When a solution for i is required, the
+ computation produces the effective interest rate (ieff). Thus, we need functions which
+ convert from i to ieff, and from ieff to i.
+ </para>
+<screen>To convert from i to ieff, the following expressions are used:
+Discrete Interest: <emphasis>ieff = (1 + i/CF)^(CF/PF) - 1</emphasis>
+Continuous Interest: <emphasis>ieff = e^(i/PF) - 1 = exp(i/PF) - 1</emphasis>
+
+To convert from ieff to i, the following expressions are used:
+Discrete Interest: <emphasis>i = CF*[(1+ieff)^(PF/CF) - 1]</emphasis>
+Continuous Interest: <emphasis>i = ln[(1+ieff)^PF]</emphasis></screen>
+ <note>
+ <para>In the equations below for the financial transaction, all interest rates are the effective interest
+ rate, <quote>ieff</quote>. For the sake of brevity, the symbol will be shortened to just
+ <quote>i</quote>.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="loans_calcsdetails_basic2">
+ <title>The basic financial equation</title>
+
+ <para>One equation fundamentally links all the 5 variables. This is known as the fundamental financial
+ equation:
+ </para>
+<screen>
+<emphasis>PV*(1 + i)^n + PMT*(1 + iX)*[(1+i)^n - 1]/i + FV = 0</emphasis>
+
+ Where: X = 0 for end of period payments, and
+ X = 1 for beginning of period payments</screen>
+ <para>From this equation, functions which solve for the individual variables can be derived. For a
+ detailed explanation of the derivation of this equation, see the comments in the file
+ <ulink url="&url-gh-gc-maint;&file-finc;"><filename>&file-finc;</filename></ulink> from
+ the &app; source code. The A, B, and C variables are defined first, to make the later
+ equations simpler to read.
+ </para>
+<screen>
+<emphasis>A = (1 + i)^n - 1</emphasis>
+<emphasis>B = (1 + iX)/i</emphasis>
+<emphasis>C = PMT*B</emphasis>
+
+<emphasis>n = ln[(C - FV)/(C + PV)]/ln((1 + i)</emphasis>
+<emphasis>PV = -[FV + A*C]/(A + 1)</emphasis>
+<emphasis>PMT = -[FV + PV*(A + 1)]/[A*B]</emphasis>
+<emphasis>FV = -[PV + A*(PV + C)] </emphasis>
+
+The solution for interest is broken into two cases.
+The simple case for when PMT == 0 gives the solution:
+<emphasis>i = [FV/PV]^(1/n) - 1</emphasis>
+</screen>
+ <para>The case where PMT != 0 is fairly complex and will not be presented here. Rather than involving an
+ exactly solvable function, determining the interest rate when PMT !=0 involves an
+ iterative process. Please see the <filename>&file-finc;</filename> source file for a
+ detailed explanation.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="loans_calcsdetails_ex2">
+ <title>Example: Monthly Payments</title>
+
+ <para>Let’s recalculate <xref linkend="loans_calcsexample1_2"/>, this time using the mathematical
+ formulas rather than the <guilabel>Loan Repayment Calculator</guilabel>. What is your
+ monthly payment on a $100,000 30 year loan at a fixed rate of 4% compounded monthly?
+ </para>
+
+ <para>First, let’s define the variables: n = (30*12) = 360, PV = 100000, PMT = unknown, FV = 0, i =
+ 4%=4/100=0.04, CF = PF = 12, X = 0 (end of payment periods).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The second step is to convert the nominal interest rate (i) to the effective interest rate (ieff).
+ Since the interest rate is compounded monthly, it is discrete, and we use: ieff = (1 +
+ i/CF)^(CF/PF) - 1, which gives ieff = (1 + 0.04/12)^(12/12) - 1, thus ieff = 1/300 =
+ 0.0033333.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Now we can calculate A and B. A = (1 + i)^n - 1 = (1 + 1/300)^360 - 1 = 2.313498. B = (1 + iX)/i =
+ (1 + (1/300)*0)/(1/300) = 300.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>With A and B, we can calculate PMT. PMT = -[FV + PV*(A + 1)]/[A*B] = -[0 + 100000*(2.313498 + 1)] /
+ [2.313498 * 300] = -331349.8 / 694.0494 = -477.415296 = -477.42.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Answer: You must make monthly payments of 477.42.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="loans_mortgage1">
+ <title>House Mortgage (How-To)</title>
+
+ <para>A house mortgage can be setup using the account structure present in
+ <xref linkend="loans_accounts1" />.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>As an example, assume you have $60,000 in you Saving account, and you buy a $150,000 house. The
+ mortgage is charging 6% APR, and has administrative fees (closing costs, etc) of 3%. You
+ decide to put $50,000 down, and thus will need to borrow $103,000, which will give you $100
+ after the closing costs are paid (3% of $100,000).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Your accounts before borrowing the money:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Accounts Before Receiving Loan</title>
+ <screenshot id="loans_mortgage">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/loans_mortgage1.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The purchase of the house is recorded with a split transaction in the <emphasis>Assets:Fixed
+ Assets:House</emphasis> account, with $50,000 coming from the bank (i.e., your down payment),
+ and $100,000 coming from the Mortgage. You can place the $3,000 closing costs in the same
+ split, and we increase the house loan to $103,000 to include the closing costs as well.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Buying a House Split Transaction</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Account
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Increase
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Decrease
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:House
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $150,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Current Assets:Bank
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $50,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liabilities:Loans:Mortgage Loan
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $103,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Mortgage Adm Fees
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $3,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The split will look like this in the <emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:House</emphasis> Account:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Mortgage Split Transaction</title>
+ <screenshot id="loans_mortgage2.png">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/loans_mortgage2.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>Which will give a Chart of Accounts like this:
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Mortgage Accounts</title>
+ <screenshot id="loans_mortgage3">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/loans_mortgage3.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="loans_CarLoan">
+ <title>Automobile Loan (How-To)</title>
+
+ <para>The automobile Loan, or in common terms, car Loan, is treated more or less exactly as the house
+ loan. The only difference is different accounts, and different interest rates. The basic car
+ loan account structure is as follows:<screen>-Asset
+ -Current Assets
+ -Saving
+ -Fixed Assets
+ -Car
+-Liability
+ -Loans
+ -Car Loan
+-Expenses
+ -Interest
+ -Car Loan Interest
+ -Car Loan Adm Fees</screen>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For more information, please check <xref
+ linkend="loans_mortgage1" />.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="loans_personalLoanToSomeOne">
+ <title>A Personal Loan to a friend (How-To)</title>
+
+ <para>It is not always you are borrowing money from the bank, sometimes you borrow money from your family,
+ or perhaps even lend money to a friend. This How-To chapter will describe one way to handle
+ lending money to a friend.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>We are basing this How-To on the following generic account structure.
+ </para>
+<screen>
+-Asset
+ -Bank
+ -Bank Account
+ -Money owed to you
+ -Person
+-Income
+ -Interest Income
+ -Person</screen>
+ <para>This example will show how to track a personal loan of 2,000 USD (default currency) to your friend
+ Peter.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="loans_personalLoanToSomeOne_loan">
+ <title>Loan Specifications</title>
+
+ <para>Peter wants to borrow $2,000 dollars from you and plans to pay you back monthly for the next 18
+ months. Since he is your friend, (but not that close) you both agree on a yearly interest
+ rate of 5%.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In summary we have the below details. Peter’s loan details:<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Principal Amount - $2,000
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Term - 18 months with 12 payments per year
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Annual Percentage Rate: 5%
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Monthly Payment : ??
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>So how do you calculate the Monthly Payment?
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You have a number of different options, like paper and pen, &lin; Calculator, &app-aoo;/&app-lo;
+ Calc module, but the easiest is to use &app; <link linkend="loans_calcs1"><guilabel>Loan
+ Repayment Calculator</guilabel></link>. This tells you that the Monthly Payment should be
+ $115.56.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>But you need to know how much of this is Interest and how much is Principal to be able to do a
+ proper bookkeeping. For this you need a more powerful tool, something like the
+ <application>Calc</application> module in &app-aoo;/&app-lo;, and in particular the
+ <acronym>PMT</acronym> function.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Calculation Of Private Loan Details</title>
+ <screenshot id="loans_OpenOfficePrivateLoanDetails">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/loans_PrivateLoanCalculation.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption id="loans_OpenOfficePrivateLoanDetails.caption">
+ Detailed view over the private loan to Peter
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="loans_personalLoanToSomeOne_accounts">
+ <title>Accounts for the loan</title>
+
+ <para>Let’s start with the following accounts. They all have the same currency, in this case USD.<example>
+ <title>Accounts for the loan to Peter</title>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>Assets:Bank:USD
+ </simpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>Assets:Money owed to you:Peter
+ </simpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>Income:Interest Income:Peter
+ </simpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>Equity:Opening Balances:USD
+ </simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </example>
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="loans_personalLoanToSomeOne_InitialSetup">
+ <title>Lending the money</title>
+
+ <para>When you have lent money to your friend, you have in fact moved money from an Asset account (like
+ Bank, Checking or similar) to your Asset account <emphasis>Money owed to you</emphasis>. To
+ record this you enter the following transaction into the <emphasis>Assets:Money owed to
+ you:Peter</emphasis> account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Personal loan to Peter</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Account
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Increase
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Decrease
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Money owed to you:Peter
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $2,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Bank:USD
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $2,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Chart of Accounts after lending money</title>
+ <screenshot id="loans_PrivateLoanInitial">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/loans_PrivateLoanInitial.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="loans_personalLoanToSomeOne_FirstPayment">
+ <title>Receiving first payment</title>
+
+ <para>When the first payment ($115.56) is received, you will need to determine how much is for the
+ principal loan, and how much is for the loan interest.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Outstanding loan amount this period = $2,000
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Payment per month = $115.56
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Payment breakdown
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>5%/12 * $2,000 = $8.33 Interest
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>$115.56 - $8.33 = $107.23 Principal
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>This can be translated to the following &app; entry
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>First Payment</title>
+ <screenshot id="loans_PrivateLoanFirstPayment">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/loans_PrivateLoanFirstPayment.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Detailed view over first payment
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The balance on Peter’s loan is now $2,000 - $107.23 = $1,892.77.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="loans_personalLoanToSomeOne_SecondPayment">
+ <title>Receiving second payment</title>
+
+ <para>When the second payment ($115.56) is received, you will again need to determine how much is for the
+ principal loan, and how much is for the loan interest.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Outstanding loan amount this period = $1,892.77
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Payment per month = $115.56
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Payment breakdown
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>5%/12 * $1,892.77 = $7.89 Interest
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>$115.56 - $7.89 = $107.67 Principal
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>This can be translated to the following &app; entry.
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>Second payment</title>
+ <screenshot id="loans_PrivateLoanSecondPayment">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPayment.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>Detailed view over the second payment
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The balance on Peter’s loan is now $1,892.77 - $107.67 = $1,785.10.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The Chart of accounts looks now like this:
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>Chart Of Accounts After Second payment</title>
+ <screenshot id="loans_PrivateLoanSecondPaymentAccounts">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPaymentAccounts.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>As you can see, the interest varies for every month, as well as the principal amount. So for every
+ payment you receive you need to calculate the proper amounts for your various split entries.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The interest amount will be less and less for every payment (since it is calculated on a smaller
+ loan amount all the time), until the last payment where it is more or less 0. Please review
+ <xref linkend="loans_OpenOfficePrivateLoanDetails" endterm="loans_OpenOfficePrivateLoanDetails.caption" />
+ for more details.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="loans_Reconciling">
+ <title>Reconciling with the Loan Statements (How-To)</title>
+
+ <para>Reconciling a loan statement is not different from reconciling a bank or credit card statement.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>During the period you should have recorded all the various loan related transactions, and every one
+ of them are touching the <guilabel>Liability:Loans:<replaceable>Loan</replaceable></guilabel>
+ account. For instance, paying off a bit of the loan decreases your <emphasis>Bank
+ Account</emphasis> and <emphasis>Loan account</emphasis>, and increases the <emphasis>Loan
+ Interest</emphasis> as well as perhaps <emphasis>Loan administration fee</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>With the loan statement in your hands, open the Loan account, start the reconcile assistant, and
+ tick of all the various transaction you have recorded. When you have finished, the reconciling
+ difference should be 0, and if it is not, then you will have to go through the account and
+ compare it with the loan statement to find the difference. When you have reached a 0 in
+ difference, then your loan account is reconciled and you can finish the Reconcile assistant.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For more information on how to Reconcile, please check <xref
+ linkend="txns-reconcile1" />.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <title>Selling a house or a car (How-To)</title>
+
+ <para>When you will record the selling of your house in &app; you have some different options. Here we
+ will go through two of them, one in which you only recorded the purchase amount, and now the
+ selling amount. The other where you have followed the ups and downs on the property market and
+ registered various Unrealized gains over the time.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Simple Transaction</title>
+
+ <para>In this way you only record the proper sale amount.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Let’s work through two samples of selling a house, one with a profit, and one with a loss. If
+ you want to sell a car instead, just substitute the house account with a car account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><screen>
+-Assets
+ -Fixed Assets
+ -House
+ -Current Assets
+ -Saving
+-Income
+ -Capital Gains Long
+ -House</screen>
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>You bought a house for $300,000 once upon a time, and now managed to sell it for $600,000. How do
+ you record this?
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To record this you need to increase your Saving account with the $600,000, and decrease some other
+ accounts with $600,000. The house account only contains $300,000 which is what you
+ bought it for, so you move this amount to your Saving account. That means you are
+ lacking $300,000. This amount you fetch from the <emphasis>Income:Capital Gains
+ Long:House</emphasis> account. The split transaction you enter into your
+ <emphasis>Saving</emphasis> account (<emphasis>Assets:Current Assets:Saving</emphasis>)
+ should look like this.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Selling an asset (house) with a profit</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Account
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Increase
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Decrease
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Current Assets:Saving
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $600,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:House
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $300,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Capital Gains Long:House
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $300,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>You bought a house for $300,000 once upon a time, but due to a newly created airport, could only
+ sell it for $230,000. How do you record this?
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To record this you need to increase your Saving account with the $230,000, and decrease some other
+ accounts with $230,000. The house account contains $300,000 which is more than what you
+ sold it for. So let’s move $230,000 of it to your Saving account. After this you
+ have $70,000 remaining in your house account which needs to be removed. You move it to
+ our <emphasis>Income:Capital Gains Long:House</emphasis> account, which will indicate a
+ loss. The split transaction you enter into your <emphasis>house</emphasis> account
+ (<emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:House</emphasis>) should look like this.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Selling an asset (house) with a loss</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Account
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Increase
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Decrease
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:House
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $300,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Current Assets:Saving
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $230,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Capital Gains Long:House
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $70,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>A More Complex Transaction</title>
+
+ <para>In this example, we will touch a little on some more complicated accounting principles. For more
+ details on this subject, please check <xref linkend="chapter_capgain"></xref>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Here we will only touch on the case when you have accurately estimated the current value of your
+ house. For the other cases (over-, and under-estimated), please check
+ <xref linkend="chapter_capgain"></xref>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><screen>
+-Assets
+ -Fixed Assets
+ -House
+ -Cost
+ -Unrealized Gain
+ -Current Assets
+ -Saving
+-Income
+ -Realized Gain
+ -House
+ -Unrealized Gain
+ -House</screen>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You bought a house for $300,000 once upon a time, and over the years kept a close look on the market
+ and updated your records with the estimated current value of your house. At the time you
+ want to sell it, you have determined that the current market value is $600,000.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The difference between $600,000 (estimated market value) and $300,000 (purchase value) is the
+ current Unrealized Gain value. Therefore you have a total of $300,000 in your
+ <emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:House:Unrealized Gain</emphasis> account
+ </para>
+
+ <para>How do you record this sell transaction?
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To record this you need to increase your Saving account with the $600,000, and decrease some other
+ accounts with $600,000. You must first change from unrealized gain to realized gain for your
+ <emphasis>Income</emphasis> accounts. Lastly you need to transfer the full amounts from the
+ <emphasis>Assets:Fixed Assets:House</emphasis> sub-accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The transaction you enter into your <emphasis>Income:Realized Gain:House</emphasis> account should
+ look like this.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Selling an asset (house) with a profit</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Account
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Increase
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Decrease
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Realized Gain:House
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $300,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Unrealized Gain:House
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $300,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The transaction you enter into your <emphasis>Assets:Current Assets:Saving</emphasis> account should
+ look like this.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><table>
+ <title>Selling an asset (house) with a profit 2</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="3">
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Account
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Increase
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Decrease
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Current Assets:Saving
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $600,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:House:Cost
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $300,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Assets:Fixed Assets:House:Unrealized Gain
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $300,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>After having recorded these transactions you see that your House Asset have a value of 0, your
+ Saving account have increased with $600,000, and lastly, the <emphasis>Income:Realized
+ Gain</emphasis> have increased to $300,000.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+<!--
+ <sect1 id="loans_missing1">
+ <title>Missing Loan Documentation</title>
+<screen>
+ -Entering a Payment Schedule
+ -Monthly Payments (How-To)
+ -See the Mortgage assistant
+ -ARM 10/1 means 10 year fixed interest rate, then changes every year
+ -ARM 10/3 means 10 year fixed interest rate, then changes every third year
+ -Final Payment (How-To)
+ -Same as a normal payment, but you get the figures from the bank
+ -How to fix 10 amortization and then a final bulk payment setup?
+
+ -Putting It All Together</screen>
+ </sect1>
+-->
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_oth_assets.xml b/zh/guide/ch_oth_assets.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..16662ccb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_oth_assets.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.2.9
+ Last modified: October 19, 2010
+
+ Maintainers:
+ Tom Bullock <tbullock at nd.edu>
+
+ Author:
+ Tom Bullock <tbullock at nd.edu>
+
+Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_other_assets">
+ <title>Other Assets</title>
+
+ <sect1 id="accts-oa1">
+ <title>General Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>This chapter presents many additional accounting treatments for frequently encountered business and
+ less-frequently found personal activities that need recording in accounting books. The
+ explanations below cover both the description and purpose of the activity, and they include
+ also the usual accounting treatments (bookings or recordings) for these transactions.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>These concepts have evolved over centuries of experience by those keeping accounting records and
+ will help you maximize your record keeping’s utility and meaningfulness.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This section introduces categorization of assets in the balance sheet based on time or the
+ asset’s useful life (current and long-term). Sometimes assets are also considered from
+ the standpoint of their <emphasis>liquidity </emphasis>, which is regarded as how close or
+ distant the asset is from being turned into cash. Near-cash assets are relatively quickly
+ converted to cash (e.g., accounts receivable), while assets requiring rather a long time to
+ convert to cash are considered to be relatively <emphasis>fixed </emphasis> in their non-cash
+ state (e.g., heavy equipment, buildings, land). (Fixed does not mean they were repaired!)
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You should find that current assets parallel those with more liquidity, while long-term and fixed
+ assets are those with much less liquidity. Finally, below you will find a few assets that
+ could be either current or long-term based on the nature of the facts constituting them.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="accts-oa2">
+ <title>Other Assets Described</title>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa3">
+ <title>Current Assets</title>
+
+ <para>Current Assets are those activities whose normal expected life would be one year or less. Such
+ activities could be tracking reimbursable expenses, travel advances, short-term loans to a
+ friend or family member, prepaid expenses, annual insurance premium amortization, and so on.
+ The individual entity could have many other kinds of short term activities that reflect what
+ it is doing. (These asset types are explained individually below.)
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa4">
+ <title>Long-term (Fixed) Assets</title>
+
+ <para>Long-term (Fixed) Assets are those activities whose normal expected life exceeds one or more years.
+ This grouping covers both tangible and intangible assets. Examples of tangible assets are
+ land, buildings, and vehicles (cars, trucks, construction equipment, factory presses, etc.)
+ Intangible assets include such things as patents, copy rights, goodwill, etc. Because the
+ lives of some of these assets show wear and tear and deterioration in value over time,
+ businesses and individuals can allow for that diminution in value by calculating
+ depreciation on such assets. For example, land normally does not depreciate, but buildings
+ do, as do equipment and vehicles. (These asset types are explained individually below.)
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="accts-oa5">
+ <title>Current Assets</title>
+
+ <para>This section explains short-term receivables, reimbursable expenses, travel advances, prepaid
+ premiums, prepaid rent, suspense or wash accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa6">
+ <title>Short-term Receivables</title>
+
+ <para>This kind of account is useful to reflect an agreement made with someone you trust. Suppose you lent
+ someone $500 and he agreed to repay you $50 a month. If he paid on time, the loan you made
+ would be paid off within a year, which is why it is classified as a short-term receivable.
+ So you could record that loan initially in this account tree: <emphasis>OtherAssets:Current
+ Assets:LoanToJoe.</emphasis> At the time you give him the money: your entry is debit
+ (increase) LoanToJoe $500 and credit (decrease) Bank $500. Each time you receive Joe’s
+ payment you record $50 debit (increase) to Bank and credit (decrease) LoanToJoe.
+ </para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>Don’t become confused by the use of the word <quote>Loan</quote>. <quote>Loan-To</quote> is
+ the tipoff that you really have a receivable, that is, you will receive from Joe, the
+ money you previously loaned. Until he actually pays the money owed you, you reflect his
+ debt in your books by an account describing your expectation–you will receive the
+ money owed you, hence the word <quote>receivable</quote>.
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa7">
+ <title>Reimbursable Expenses</title>
+
+ <para>This kind of activity is one in which you spend your own money on behalf of someone else (your
+ employer, perhaps) and later you receive repayment of what you spent. The case might be a
+ business trip. The employer has a policy of covering (paying for) all authorized expenses.
+ After the trip is over, the employee submits a report listing dates and amounts spent with
+ receipts for all the expenditures. The employer reviews the report and pays for all items
+ that it considers as having a valid business reason. (Normally, employees know in advance
+ what the employer will reimburse, so only those items are recorded as a reimbursable expense
+ on the employee’s books.)
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Because a business trip can involve different kinds of expenditures (air travel, lodging,
+ transportation at the destination, etc.), different kinds of expenditures would be recorded
+ in the one account as long as the expenditures all related to the same trip. In other words,
+ if a second trip is made before the first is fully settled, a second account for a different
+ event could be set up. It would make sense to do this, if it would help to keep separate all
+ the details of one trip from those of another. It is up to the person making the trip to
+ decide how much trouble it would be to put separate trips in separate accounts or to put
+ them all in the same account. The trip taker should remember that the account must be
+ reconciled in order to know with certainty that all expenses have been reimbursed.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Recording the expenditures on the trip would be much the same. That is, if you paid trip expenses by
+ cash you would debit (increase) the reimburseable expense account for the money paid in
+ cash, because it is a receivable to you until it has been reimbursed to you. The credit
+ offsetting your expenditure would decrease the account that shows the cash in your pocket or
+ the account from which you drew the cash for the payment made. If you paid by credit card,
+ the debit side would be the same as just described, but the credit would be an increase to
+ the credit card company account on your books.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>When you received your reimbursement, then the journal entry (or transaction) to record receipt of
+ the funds from the employer would be: debit (increase) Bank for the check amount and credit
+ (decrease) the reimbursable expense account for the check amount.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If it turns out that the reimbursable expense account is not zero balance after processing the
+ employer’s payment, then it means that there is a difference between you and the
+ employer in handling the expense, which needs to be investigated. If the balance is a debit
+ (a positive balance), your account has some money that was not reimbursed. If the balance is
+ a credit (a negative balance), you were paid for more than what you recorded as due you. In
+ both of those situations you should reconcile the difference between what you recorded and
+ what was paid. That effort should disclose exactly what is causing the discrepancy. You will
+ need to contact the employer’s bookkeeper to know what was paid, if the reimbursement
+ check was not accompanied by a detailed list of the items being paid you.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In the event the employer refused to reimburse you for an expenditure, that effectively makes it
+ your expense. In that case, you would make this entry: debit (increase) your own Expense
+ (appropriately named) and credit (decrease) the Reimbursable Expense account. That entry
+ should result in a zero balance in the Reimbursable Expense account. If not, reconcile until
+ you identify the difference.
+ </para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>Sometimes there are small differences that don’t match an individual entry. In those cases
+ divide the amount by 2 or by 9. If the unresolved amount is divisible by two, it suggests
+ that both you and the employer entered the item in the same manner: both as debits or both
+ as credits. If it is divisible by 9, then likely one of you transposed adjoining numbers;
+ e.g., one entered 69 and the other entered 96. If the difference is divisible neither by 2
+ or by 9, then it could be that more than one error is present.
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa8">
+ <title>Travel Advances</title>
+
+ <para>These are very similar to Reimbursable Expenses. The difference is that someone gives you money
+ first; you spend it, and then you give a report accounting for what you spent it on. The
+ report is supported by invoices establishing who, what, where, when, and how much for each
+ expenditure. In the Reimbursable Expense case, you spent your money first and later
+ recovered it.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In the Travel Advance case when you receive the advance, you record on your books this entry: debit
+ (increase) Bank for the travel advance amount received (say, $500); credit (increase) the
+ short-term liability Travel Advance ($500). This is a liability, because you are not gifted
+ with the money, but only loaned it for the purpose of having funds to spend when doing the
+ employer’s business.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Frequently, the way these monetary arrangements work is that at the beginning of for example a
+ salesperson’s employment, he or she receives the advance and monthly (or more
+ frequently) turns in a report about who, what, where, when, and how much he spent. The money
+ in the report is reimbursed if approved.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>During the period after receiving the advance and before filing a request for reimbursement report,
+ the salesperson can record his or her expenditures into the advance liability account. In
+ that case, the balance in the account will show how much of the advance has not yet been
+ spent (assuming the Travel Advance balance is a credit). If no mistakes have been made and
+ all expenses are approved, then the sum of the unspent account balance and the reimbursing
+ check amount will equal the original travel advance amount.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>It makes sense for the salesperson to record the travel expenses to this advance account (and not to
+ his or her own expense accounts), because the money is being spent on behalf of the
+ employer, for the employer’s authorized expenses. It is not the employee’s own
+ money, and therefore not his or her own expense.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>When the salesperson receives the report reimbursement (say, $350), he or she debits (increases)
+ Bank, and credits (increases) again the Travel Advance liability account, assuming that
+ previously he or she had been recording expenditures to the travel advance account. Tracking
+ activity in this manner causes the account to always show the amount that is owed the
+ employer.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>See <xref linkend="accts-oa7"/> above for what to do if the employer does not accept an item the
+ employee put on the travel advance reimbursement request report. The difference resolution
+ effort is essentially the same for both types of accounts.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa9">
+ <title>Prepaid Premiums or Prepaid Rent</title>
+
+ <para>Some types of expenses are usually billed as semi-annual or annual amounts. For example, the
+ insurance industry will bill home insurance annually, while car insurance premiums can be
+ annual or semi-annual. For those that pay an amount that covers several months or a full
+ year, the proper accounting treatment is to reflect in each accounting period the amount
+ that expresses the benefit applying to that period.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In the case of someone who pays a full-year’s insurance premium at the beginning of the
+ insurance period, the entry to record this is debit (increase) Prepaid Insurance Premium for
+ say, $1,200, and credit (decrease) Bank for $1,200.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Then a monthly recurring journal entry (scheduled transaction) is created that debits (increases)
+ Insurance Expense $100 and credits (decreases) Prepaid Insurance Premium $100. This
+ technique spreads the cost over the periods that receive the insurance coverage benefit.
+ Businesses following generally accepted accounting practices would normally use this
+ technique, especially if they had to present financial statements to banks or other lenders.
+ Whether individuals do depends on the person and how concerned they are to match cost with
+ benefit across time periods. Another factor influencing use of this technique would be the
+ number of such situations the person encounters. It is relatively easy to remember one or
+ two, but more difficult if having to manage 10 to 20. You would set up as many or as few as
+ proved useful and important to you.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa10">
+ <title>Suspense or Wash Accounts</title>
+
+ <para>The purpose of these accounts is to provide a device to track <quote>change of mind</quote>
+ situations. The objective of these accounts is to provide a temporary location to record
+ charges and credits that are not to be included permanently in your books of record. When
+ the transactions reflected in these accounts have been fully completed, Wash/Suspense
+ accounts will normally carry a zero balance.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>For example, say in the grocery store you see canned vegetables on sale, so you buy 6 cans at $1 per
+ can. Say that the total purchases were $50. When you come home and are putting things in the
+ cupboard you discover you already had 12 cans. You decide to return the 6 you just bought.
+ Some persons in this situation would charge (increase) the whole bill to Grocery Expense;
+ and when they returned the cans, they would credit (decrease) Grocery Expense. That is one
+ way of handling that. The effect of this method is to leave recorded on your books the cost
+ of items that you really did not purchase from a permanent standpoint. It is only when the
+ items have actually been returned and the vendor’s return receipt has also been
+ recorded that the distortion this method generates will then be removed.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Actually, there are several treatments, depending on when and how the original transaction was
+ booked/recorded and when you decided to return the items purchased. Basically, did you
+ change your mind before you recorded the transaction or after doing so?
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you decided to return the items after recording the purchase transaction, you may originally have
+ charged Grocery Expense for the full amount ($50) of all items. In that scenario, what you
+ kept and the amount of the items to be returned were grouped into one account. You could
+ edit the original transaction and restate the amount charged to the Grocery Expense account
+ to be the difference ($44) between the total paid ($50) for groceries and the value of the
+ items to be returned. That leaves the returned-item value as the amount ($6) you should
+ record to the Suspense account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Obviously, if you decided to return items before you recorded your purchase, then you would book the
+ original entry as a charge to Grocery Expense for the amount kept ($44) and as a charge to
+ Suspense for the amount returned ($6). The off-setting credit ($50) to cash or credit card
+ is not affected by these treatments.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>When there are several persons shopping and at different vendors, there can be a case where there
+ are several returns happening at once and in overlapping time frames. In that case the Wash
+ Account is charged (increased) at time of changing the mind, and either Bank or Credit Card
+ is credited. When the return occurs, the reverse happens: Bank or Credit Card is debited for
+ the cash value of the returned items and the Wash/Suspense Account is credited in the same
+ amount.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If the wash account has a non-zero balance, scanning the debit and credit entries in the account
+ will show the non-matched items. That is, debits not matched by offsetting credits indicate
+ items intended to be returned but not actually returned yet. The reverse (credits not
+ matched by offsetting debits) indicates that returns were made but the original charge was
+ not recorded in the Wash Account.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>These differences can be cleared up by returning unreturned items or recording charges (debits) for
+ items already returned. The mechanics of doing that likely will be finding the original
+ expense account the item was charged to and making an entry like: debit Wash Account, credit
+ original expense. It also could be as described above where the original recording is
+ adjusted by adding a charge to Wash/Suspense account and decreasing the amount charged to
+ the original account.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="accts-oa11">
+ <title>Short or Long-term Assets</title>
+
+ <para>This section explains why some types of assets may be short or long-term and presents an example.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>An example is deposits (e.g., utility, rental, security). If the deposit agreement contains a
+ provision to recover the deposit at the end of a year, the treatment could be that of a
+ short-term asset. However, when the agreement is that the deposit holder returns the funds
+ only upon successful inspection at the end of the relationship, then at the start of the
+ relationship or agreement, the person paying the deposit has to decide whether to write it off
+ as a current expense or to track it for eventual recovery at the end of the agreement (not
+ infrequently, moving to a new location).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Whichever decision is made, the accounting treatment is to debit (increase) expense (assuming the
+ write-off decision) or debit (increase) Deposits Receivable (assuming the intent is to recover
+ the deposit in the future) and credit (decrease) Bank for the amount of the deposit (if paid
+ by cash) or credit (increase) credit card if paid using that payment method.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="accts-oa12">
+ <title>Long-term (Fixed) Assets</title>
+
+ <para>This section illustrates long-term assets (those whose useful lives exceed a year) and discusses
+ these types: land, buildings, leasehold improvements, intangibles, vehicles and other
+ equipment.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa13">
+ <title>Land</title>
+
+ <para>Land is not a wasting asset. That is, it does not get used up over time and rarely suffers damage
+ such that it loses value. For that reason, it usually is recorded at cost at the time of
+ purchase. Appreciation in its value over decades is not recorded and is not recognized in
+ any way on the books of the owner. It is only after land has been sold that sale price and
+ purchase cost are compared to calculate gain or loss on sale.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Land is frequently sold/purchased in combination with structures upon it. That means that the cost
+ has to become separated from the cost of structures on it. Land valuation is usually part of
+ the transfer of ownership process and its value is shown on the purchase documents
+ separately from that of any structures it supports.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Land values shown on purchase documents frequently arise from the process of value determination
+ managed by assessors whose job it is to assign values to land for tax purposes. Local and
+ regional areas of a state or province use the values determined by assessors in their tax
+ formulas, which provide revenues for local and regional governing authorities to finance
+ their required community services.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Should land be acquired in a situation not subject to a history of land valuation by a formal
+ valuation system, then the purchaser can appeal to real estate agents and an examination of
+ recent sale transactions for information that would allow calculating a reasonable amount to
+ express the value of the land.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa14">
+ <title>Buildings</title>
+
+ <para>Buildings are the man-made <quote>caves</quote> in which much of life’s human interaction
+ occurs. These structures are wasting assets, because in their use they or their components
+ gradually wear. Over time they begin to lose some of their function and they can suffer
+ damage due to planetary elements or human action.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Accepted accounting practice is to record the cost of the building determined at time of ownership
+ transfer (purchase) or at conclusion of all costs of construction. Because buildings are
+ frequently used for decades, and due to the need to be able to calculate gain or loss on
+ sale, accounting practice preserves the original cost by not recording declines in value in
+ the account containing the original purchase or construction cost.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Instead, the depreciation technique is used to show (in the balance sheet) the structure’s net
+ book value (original cost reduced by accumulated depreciation). Depreciation is a separate
+ topic treated elsewhere in this Guide.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa15">
+ <title>Leasehold Improvements</title>
+
+ <para>When a business does not own the building where it operates, and instead has a long-term lease, it
+ is not uncommon for the business tenant to make improvements to the premises so that the
+ structure obtains both function and appearance that enhances conducting its business
+ activities.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In these cases, the expenditures that the business incurs are recorded in a Leasehold Improvements
+ account: increase (debit) Leasehold Improvements, decrease (credit) Bank or increase
+ (credit) a suitable liability account (which could be a liability to a contractor or a bank
+ or a credit card, etc.).
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa16">
+ <title>Vehicles or Equipment</title>
+
+ <para>Vehicles or Equipment of all kinds usually last for several years, but their useful lives are much
+ shorter than that of assets that have little movement in their functioning. Because they do
+ wear out over time, common accounting practice in business is to record depreciation using
+ life spans and depreciation methods appropriate to the nature and use of the asset.
+ Frequently, the life and depreciation methods chosen are influenced by what is permitted per
+ national tax regulations for the kind of asset being depreciated.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Usually, businesses depreciate their assets. Individuals can do so as well to the degree that taxing
+ authorities permit. Very wealthy persons employ accountants and attorneys to track and
+ manage their investments and assets holdings to take advantage of all tax benefits permitted
+ by law.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="accts-oa17">
+ <title>Intangibles</title>
+
+ <para>The mechanics of accounting (debiting and crediting appropriate accounts) for these assets are
+ relatively simple, much the same as for any of the above assets. Where the difficulty lies
+ is in their valuation, which is an advanced topic and not something that individual persons
+ and small businesses would likely encounter. For that reason further discussion of items
+ such as patents, copyrights, goodwill, etc. are left out of this Guide.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_oview.xml b/zh/guide/ch_oview.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e3ce82c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_oview.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.2.0
+ Last modified: 2014-09-22 (fell)
+
+ Maintainers: Tom Bullock <tbullock at nd.edu>
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
+ Originally written by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="chapter_oview">
+ <title>概览</title>
+
+ <sect1 id="oview-intro1">
+ <title>介ç»</title>
+
+ <para>&app;æ˜¯ä¸ºä½ è®¾è®¡çš„ä¸ªäººè´¢åŠ¡è½¯ä»¶åŒ…ã€‚ä»Žç®€å•çš„个人财务数æ®åˆ°å¤æ‚çš„ä¼ä¸šè´¢åŠ¡ç®¡ç†ï¼Œå®ƒéƒ½æ˜¯è·Ÿè¸ªè´¢åŠ¡ä¿¡æ¯çš„全能选手。它也是为数ä¸å¤šçš„å‡ æ¬¾æ”¯æŒå…¨çƒè´§å¸çš„财务软件之一，也是其ä¸å”¯ä¸€çš„å¼€æºè½¯ä»¶ã€‚ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œ&app;最大的优点，还是易于å¦ä¹ 使用。
+ </para>
+
+ <para>所以，&app;å¯ä»¥å¸®ä½ 哪些忙呢？它å¯ä»¥è·Ÿè¸ªä½ 的个人财务数æ®ï¼Œæƒ³è¦å¤šä¹ˆè¯¦ç»†éƒ½å¯ä»¥ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ åˆšå¼€å§‹ä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨&app;è·Ÿè¸ªä½ çš„æ—¥å¸¸èŠ±é”€ã€‚éšåŽï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½å†³å®šä½¿ç”¨&app;跟踪现金出入和信用å¡è®°å½•çœ‹çœ‹é’±åˆ°åº•èŠ±å“ªå„¿äº†ã€‚åœ¨ä½ å¼€å§‹æŠ•èµ„ç†è´¢åŽï¼Œå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨&app;ç›‘æŽ§ä½ çš„æŠ•èµ„ç»„åˆã€‚买车或者买房å了？&app;ä¼šå¸®ä½ å®‰æŽ’æŠ•èµ„è®¡åˆ’ã€è·Ÿè¸ªè¿˜æ¬¾è®°å½•ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ çš„è´¢åŠ¡è®°å½•é布全çƒï¼Œ&app;也å¯æä¾›ä½ æ‰€éœ€çš„å¤šè´§å¸åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>包å«å¤šç§è´§å¸å’ŒæŠ•èµ„类型的科目表</title>
+ <screenshot id="oview-intro">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/oview_intro.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†åŒ…å«å¤šç§è´§å¸å’ŒæŠ•èµ„类型的科目表
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>&app;å分适åˆä¸ªäººè´¢åŠ¡ç®¡ç†ï¼Œä¸è¿‡å¯¹ä¼ä¸šç”¨æˆ·è€Œè¨€ä¹Ÿæ˜¯ç›¸å½“强大。从内置和应收账款与应付账款科目系统，到税务报表生æˆï¼Œ&app;åŒæ ·åŒ…å«è®¸å¤šä¼ä¸šåŠŸèƒ½ã€‚ä½ ä¼šå‘现这些功能，以åŠå…¶å®ƒè®¸å¤šä¼ä¸šåŠŸèƒ½éƒ½å分强大且易于使用。
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="oview-features1">
+ <title>特点</title>
+
+ <sect2 id="oview-featureseasy2">
+ <title>易于使用</title>
+
+ <para>å‡ åˆ†é’Ÿä¹‹å†…ï¼Œä½ å°±å¯ä»¥å½•å…¥ä½ 的个人财务数æ®å¹¶ç”Ÿæˆå±•ç¤ºè´¢åŠ¡çŠ¶å†µçš„美观图表。è¦æ˜¯ä½ 会使用支票簿åŽé¢çš„è´¦ç°¿ï¼Œé‚£ä½ å°±ä¼šä½¿ç”¨&app;ï¼ç›´æŽ¥å‘账簿输入内容，在ä¸åŒåˆ—间跳转，还å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨å¿«é€Ÿå¡«å……è‡ªåŠ¨è¡¥å…¨äº¤æ˜“è®°å½•ã€‚è¿™æ ·çš„æ“作方å¼ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥åœ¨è½¯ä»¶å†…自行修改。
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>好用的èœå•</emphasis>：
+ &app;çš„èœå•ç¬¦åˆGNOME人机交互指å—，也就是说，其èœå•ç®€å•æ˜“用，也与其它GNOME软件外观相近。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>文档</emphasis>：
+ &app;内置帮助手册，以åŠå†…容更为丰富的用户指å—。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>æ•°æ®å¯¼å…¥æ–¹æ³•</emphasis>：
+ 除了手动输入，&app;支æŒè®¸å¤šè‡ªåŠ¨å¯¼å…¥äº¤æ˜“记录的方å¼ã€‚è¦æ˜¯ä½ å¯ä»¥åœ¨çº¿è®¿é—®é“¶è¡Œè´¦æˆ·ï¼Œè¿™ä¸€ç‰¹æ€§å°±ç‰¹åˆ«å®žç”¨ï¼Œå› 为多数银行和信用å¡å…¬å¸éƒ½æ”¯æŒä¸‹è¿°å¯¼å…¥æ–¹å¼ä¸çš„至少一ç§ã€‚如æ¤ä¸€æ¥ï¼Œå°‘一些时间录入数æ®ï¼Œå°±å¯ä»¥å¤šä¸€äº›æ—¶é—´åˆ†æžç»Ÿè®¡ç»“果。
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Quicken Import File (QIF)</emphasis>: Import Quicken <acronym>QIF</acronym> style files, a
+ popular file format with many commercial personal finance software packages.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Open Financial Exchange (OFX)</emphasis>: &app; has been the first free software
+ application to support the Open Financial Exchange protocol. Many financial
+ institutions are moving towards this format.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Home Banking Computer Interface (HBCI)</emphasis>: &app; has been the first free software
+ application to support the German Home Banking Computer Interface protocol. This
+ protocol includes statement download, initiates bank transfers, and makes direct
+ debits possible.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Reports</emphasis>: &app; comes with over 30 prebuilt reports, including Account Summary,
+ Income, Expenses, Transaction Report, Balance Sheet, Profit&Loss, Portfolio
+ Valuation, and many others. Reports support graphical views of the data, including pie
+ charts, bar charts, and scatter plots. The reports can be exported to
+ <acronym>HTML</acronym> files, and are easily customized.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Scheduled Transactions</emphasis>: &app; now has the ability to automatically create and
+ enter transactions, or remind you when these transactions are due, giving you the choice
+ of entering, postponing or removing the automated transaction.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Mortgage and Loan Repayment Assistant</emphasis>: Used to set up a variable payment loan
+ scheduled transaction.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Easy Account Reconciliation</emphasis>: Integrated reconciliation makes reconciling your
+ &app; accounts with statements simple and effective.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>Multi-platform Compatibility</emphasis>: &app; is supported on a variety of platforms and
+ operating systems. The list of fully supported operating systems (and platforms) is for
+ </para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>&app; &vers-stable;</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>&lin; (x86, x86_64), FreeBSD (x86, x86_64), OpenBSD (x86, x86_64), &mac; (64-bit Intel), and &win;
+ (Windows 7 and later).
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>&app; ≤ 2.6.21</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>&mac; (32-bit Intel, PPC) and &win; (XP and Vista).
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>&app; ≤ 2.2.9</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>&win; (2000).
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>Previous versions of &app;</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>have been known to work with SGI IRIX (MIPS), IBM AIX 4.1.5 (RS/6000), Unixware 7 (Intel), SCO
+ OpenServer 5.0.4 (Intel), and Solaris (SPARC) but their current status is unknown.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+<!-- Platforms -->
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="oview-featuresinvest2">
+ <title>跟踪投资</title>
+
+ <para>&app;包å«è®¸å¤šæŠ•èµ„功能，å¯ä»¥åŠ©ä½ 跟踪æ¯ä¸€ç¬”投资。使用&app;ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ç‹¬ç«‹åœ°ï¼ˆä¸€æ”¯è‚¡ç¥¨å¯¹åº”一个科目），或是以科目组åˆçš„å½¢å¼ï¼ˆå¯ä»¥ä¸€å¹¶æ˜¾ç¤ºçš„一组科目）跟踪股票。
+ </para>
+
+ <para>&app;支æŒåœ¨çº¿èŽ·å–è‚¡ç¥¨å’ŒåŸºé‡‘æŠ¥ä»·ã€‚è¿™æ ·ä¸€æ¥ï¼Œå°±å†ä¹Ÿä¸å¿…é€æ”¯è‚¡ç¥¨åœ°æŸ¥è¯¢æŠ¥ä»·ã€‚æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹å¯è‡ªåŠ¨æ‰§è¡Œï¼Œè¿™æ ·ä½ å°±å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°æœ€æ–°çš„股价了。
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="oview-featuresintl2">
+ <title>国际化支æŒ</title>
+
+ <para>&app;æ— ç–‘æ˜¯ä¸€æ¬¾å¯ä»¥ç†è§£å¹¶å¸®åŠ©æ¥è‡ªå…¨ä¸–界用户的软件。其ä¸å†…置许多方便åŒå½“下国际化的世界打交é“的功能。
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>本地è¯è¨€</emphasis>：
+ &app;已被翻译为超过55ç§è¯è¨€ã€‚被完整翻译的有，ç¹ä½“ä¸æ–‡ã€å…‹ç½—地亚è¯ã€è·å…°è¯ã€å¸Œä¼¯æ¥è¯ã€æ„大利è¯ã€è‘¡è„牙è¯å’Œä¹Œå…‹å…°è¯ã€‚一些è¯è¨€çš„翻译工作进展åŒæ ·å¯å–œï¼Œå·²æœ‰ä¹æˆå†…å®¹å¾—åˆ°ç¿»è¯‘ï¼Œæœ‰ï¼ŒåŠ æ³°ç½—å°¼äºšè¯ã€ç®€ä½“ä¸æ–‡ã€å¾·è¯ã€å°åº¦å°¼è¥¿äºšè¯ã€æ—¥è¯ã€è‘¡è„牙è¯ï¼ˆå·´è¥¿ï¼‰å’Œè¥¿ç牙è¯ã€‚<!-- 拉脱维亚è¯ã€å¡žå°”维亚è¯ã€ä¿„è¯ã€åœŸè€³å…¶è¯ --><footnote>
+ <para>å¦‚æžœä½ æƒ³å¼€å±•æˆ–å®Œå–„å½“åœ°è¯è¨€çš„翻译工作，å¯è§
+ <ulink url="&url-wiki-L12N;"/>.
+ </para>
+ </footnote>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>å›½é™…åŒ–æ ¼å¼å¤„ç†</emphasis>：&app;明白ä¸åŒå›½å®¶ä¹¦å†™æ—¥æœŸä¸Žæ•°å—çš„æ ¼å¼ä¸å°½ç›¸åŒã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ä½ ä¹ æƒ¯çš„æ—¥æœŸä¸Žæ•°å—æ ¼å¼ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>多货å¸å…‘æ¢</emphasis>：&app;支æŒ<ulink url="&url-wp-en;ISO_4217">ISO 4217</ulink>ä¸åˆ—出的所有货å¸ï¼Œæ—¢å¯ä»¥è´æ±‡ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ç»“汇（兑æ¢ï¼‰ã€‚如果“贸易科目â€åŠŸèƒ½å¼€å¯ï¼Œç§‘目间货å¸çš„å…‘æ¢ä¼šå®Œå…¨ä¿æŒå¹³è¡¡ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>在线汇率</emphasis>：使用&app;ï¼Œä½ å†ä¹Ÿä¸å¿…一次次地查询货å¸æ±‡çŽ‡ã€‚æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹å¯è‡ªåŠ¨æ‰§è¡Œï¼Œè¿™æ ·ä¸€æ¥ï¼Œ&app;总是å¯ä»¥å‘ä½ å±•ç¤ºæœ€æ–°æ±‡çŽ‡ä¸‹ä»¥ä½ å¸¸ç”¨è´§å¸è®¡ç®—的科目余é¢ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="oview-featuresbus2">
+ <title>ä¼ä¸šæ”¯æŒ</title>
+
+ <para>&app;ä¸çš„许多功能å¯ä»¥æ»¡è¶³ä¼ä¸šä¼šè®¡éœ€æ±‚。
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>应收账款与应付账款科目</emphasis>：
+ &app;内置应收账款与应付账款科目系统。å¯ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªå®¢æˆ·ã€ä¾›åº”商ã€å‘票和账å•ç¼´ä»˜ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨å°åž‹ä¼ä¸šä¸ä½¿ç”¨ä¸åŒçš„税费和计费期é™ã€‚
+ <!-- &app; has an integrated Accounts Receivable and
+ Accounts Payable system. You can track Customers, Vendors, Invoicing and Bill Payment,
+ and use different Tax and Billing Terms in a small business. -->
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>折旧</emphasis>：&app;能够管ç†å›ºå®šèµ„产折旧。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>报表</emphasis>：&app;能够éšæ—¶ç”Ÿæˆå„å¼å„æ ·ã€èƒ½å¤Ÿç›´æŽ¥ä½¿ç”¨çš„商业报表。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="oview-featuresaccounting2">
+ <title>会计特性</title>
+
+ <para>对那些了解会计工作的用户，下文列出了&app;的会计特性。
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>å¤å¼è®°è´¦</emphasis>：æ¯ä¸€é¡¹äº¤æ˜“必须在一些科目ä¸è®°å€Ÿå¹¶åœ¨å…¶å®ƒç§‘ç›®ä¸ä»¥ç›¸åŒçš„金é¢è®°è´·ã€‚这一规则确ä¿äº†ä¼šè®¡å¹³è¡¡â€”—收入与花费间的差é¢ä¸Žæ‰€æœ‰é“¶è¡Œå˜æ¬¾ã€è‚¡ç¥¨å’Œå…¶å®ƒèµ„产的总é¢ç²¾ç¡®ç›¸ç‰ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>分录交易</emphasis>：
+ 一项交易å¯ä»¥åˆ†æ‹†ä¸ºå‡ 部分，以记录税费ã€æœåŠ¡è´¹å’Œå…¶å®ƒåˆ©æ¯è®°å½•ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>科目表</emphasis>：一个主科目å¯ä»¥ä¸‹è®¾åˆ†ç§‘目以形æˆå±‚次结构。这一特性å¯ä»¥å°†çŽ°é‡‘ã€é“¶è¡Œã€è‚¡ç¥¨ç‰ç›¸ä¼¼çš„科目类型编组为<quote>资产</quote>è¿™æ ·çš„ä¸»ç§‘ç›®ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>通用日志账本</emphasis>：这是一ç§å¯ä»¥åŒæ—¶æ˜¾ç¤ºå¤šä¸ªç§‘目的账簿窗å£ã€‚æ¤åŠŸèƒ½ä½¿æŸ¥æ˜Žå½•å…¥é”™è¯¯æ›´åŠ 简å•ã€‚它å¯ä»¥å°†ç”±è®¸å¤šè‚¡ç¥¨ç»„æˆçš„投资组åˆä¸çš„所有交易一åŒæ˜¾ç¤ºï¼Œä»¥ä¾¿æ·åœ°æµè§ˆæŠ•èµ„组åˆã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><emphasis>收入ã€èŠ±è´¹ç§‘目类型</emphasis>ï¼šè¿™äº›ç§‘ç›®ç±»åž‹å°†ä½ çš„çŽ°é‡‘æµå½’类，在åˆç†ä½¿ç”¨å¤å¼è®°è´¦ç‰¹æ€§æ—¶ï¼Œèƒ½å¤Ÿç»™å‡ºå‡†ç¡®çš„æŸç›Šè¡¨ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="oview-about1">
+ <title>关于本指å—</title>
+
+ <para>æœ¬æ‰‹å†Œèƒ½å¤ŸèŠ‚çº¦ä½ çš„æ—¶é—´ï¼Œä¼šå°½å¿«å¸®åŠ©ä½ ä¸Šæ‰‹ä½¿ç”¨&app;。
+ </para>
+
+ <para>æ¯ä¸€ç« 都以一目了然的结构展开。æ¯ä¸€ç« 开始是对<quote>概念</quote>的讨论，介ç»æ•´ç« 使用的总体主题与术è¯ã€‚
+ 接ç€ï¼Œæ˜¯<quote>怎么åš</quote>å°èŠ‚，会介ç»å…·ä½“çš„æ“作过程。
+ 末尾，是<quote>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</quote>å°èŠ‚，会给出详尽具体的æ“作示例。
+ </para>
+
+ <para>新用户会å‘现<quote>概念</quote>å°èŠ‚特别实用。这些å°èŠ‚会æ供跟踪个人财务的优秀åšæ³•ï¼Œä¹Ÿä¼šç®€è¦ä»‹ç»è´¢åŠ¡èƒŒæ™¯çŸ¥è¯†å’Œæœ¯è¯ã€‚有ç»éªŒçš„用户å¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥è·³åˆ°<quote>怎么åš</quote>å°èŠ‚快速æµè§ˆæ“作æ¥éª¤ã€‚这两个å°èŠ‚简明扼è¦åœ°ç»™å‡ºäº†å®Œæˆå…·ä½“任务的æ¥éª¤ã€‚<quote>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</quote>å°èŠ‚以æ“作说明的形å¼å±•ç¤ºäº†å®žé™…场景下的使用示例。从按<xref linkend="chapter_basics"></xref>所述创建的文件开始，åŽä¸€ç« 都在å‰ä¸€ç« æ“作说明的基础上更进一æ¥ã€‚
+ </para>
+
+ <para>本手册主è¦åˆ†ä¸ºä¸‰å¤§éƒ¨åˆ†ï¼š<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara><xref linkend="part.getting_started"/></simpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara><xref linkend="part.managing_personal"/></simpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara><xref linkend="part.managing_business"/></simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para><xref linkend="part.getting_started"/>
+ æ供开始使用&app;所需的最基本信æ¯ã€‚è¿™éƒ¨åˆ†ç« èŠ‚é˜æ˜Žäº†ä½¿ç”¨&app;的最基本概念。&app;çš„æ–°ç”¨æˆ·åº”å½“ç†Ÿæ‚‰è¿™äº›ç« èŠ‚è®²è§£çš„å†…å®¹ï¼Œä»¥å°½å¿«ä¸Šæ‰‹å¹¶è¾¾åˆ°ç†Ÿç»ƒä½¿ç”¨&app;的水平。
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_oview"></xref> - ï¼ˆä¹Ÿå°±æ˜¯ä½ æ£åœ¨è¯»çš„è¿™ä¸€ç« ï¼‰å¤§è‡´ä»‹ç»äº†&app;的基本情况。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_basics"></xref> -
+ è¿™ä¸€ç« ç›¸å½“ç®€è¦åœ°ä»‹ç»äº†ä¼šè®¡å‡†åˆ™ï¼Œå¹¶ä»‹ç»äº†&app;如何组织其数æ®ã€‚å¦å¤–对&app;的基本界é¢æž„æˆä¹Ÿæœ‰è¯´æ˜Žã€‚最åŽï¼Œæ¤ç« 解释了&app;如何å˜å‚¨ä¸Žç®¡ç†ä½ çš„æ•°æ®ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_accts"></xref> - 更具体地介ç»äº†ç§‘目的概念，以åŠç»„织科目的方法。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_txns"></xref> - 介ç»äº†äº¤æ˜“的基本概念，以åŠå½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“的方法。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para><xref linkend="part.managing_personal"/>æ›´åŠ è¯¦ç»†åœ°ä»‹ç»äº†&app;的常è§åº”ç”¨ä¸ŽåŠŸèƒ½ã€‚ä½ ä¼šçœ‹åˆ°æ›´è¯¦å°½çš„ä½¿ç”¨ç¤ºä¾‹ï¼Œè¿™äº›ç¤ºä¾‹éƒ½æ˜¯æ ¹æ®å°†&app;应用到日常场景时常常会é‡åˆ°çš„问题给出的。下é¢æ˜¯è¿™ä¸€éƒ¨åˆ†æ¶‰åŠçš„应用与功能：
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_cbook"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_cc"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_loans"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_invest"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_capgain"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_currency"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para><xref linkend="part.managing_business"/>讨论了ä¼ä¸šä¼šè®¡äº‹åŠ¡ä¸&app;的使用<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_bus_features"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_budgets"/>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_other_assets"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="chapter_dep"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="ch_python_bindings"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="ch_import_bus_data"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>手册也包å«å‡ 节附录，或许涉åŠä½ 想è¦äº†è§£çš„其它信æ¯ã€‚
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="gnc-gloss"></xref> - &app;ä¸ä½¿ç”¨çš„术è¯åˆ—表
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="appendixa"></xref> - 针对å‰
+ <trademark
+ class="registered">Quicken</trademark>〠MS Money 或其它
+ <acronym>QIF</acronym>用户的指å—。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="appendixd"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><xref linkend="fdl"></xref>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>最åŽå€¼å¾—一æ的是，术è¯è¡¨å’Œç´¢å¼•æœ‰åŠ©äºŽå¿«é€ŸæŸ¥æ‰¾ä½ 想è¦äº†è§£çš„主题。
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="more_help">
+ <title>获å–帮助</title>
+
+ <para>&app;æ供了多ç§å½¢å¼çš„帮助指引，包括<link linkend="basics-tip2"><guilabel>æ¯æ—¥æ示</guilabel></link>ã€ä¸Šä¸‹æ–‡å¸®åŠ©ã€ç½‘ç«™ã€ç»´åŸºã€é‚®ä»¶åˆ—表和IRCèŠå¤©é¢‘é“。
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="online_help">
+ <title>上下文帮助</title>
+
+ <para>上下文帮助为使用&app;ä¸çš„èœå•ã€çª—å£å’ŒæŒ‰é’®æ供了详细的指引。è¦æ‰“开帮助，选择<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>帮助</guimenu> <guimenuitem>内容</guimenuitem></menuchoice>。
+ </para>
+
+ <para><guilabel>&appname; 帮助</guilabel> 窗å£ä¹Ÿèƒ½ç”¨ä½œç®€å•çš„网络æµè§ˆå™¨ï¼Œå› æ¤ä½ å¯ä»¥è½¬åˆ°ç½‘站进一æ¥æŸ¥é˜…ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚点击<guibutton>打开</guibutton> <emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>按钮并输入URL，就å¯ä»¥åœ¨æ¤çª—å£ä¸æ‰“å¼€ä»»ä½•ç½‘ç«™ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥å°±åƒåœ¨æ ‡å‡†çš„网络æµè§ˆå™¨ä¸ä¸€æ ·ä½¿ç”¨<guibutton>åŽé€€</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>å‰è¿›</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>刷新</guibutton>ã€<guibutton>åœæ¢</guibutton>å’Œ<guibutton>打å°</guibutton>按钮。
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="website">
+ <title>&app;网站</title>
+
+ <para>The <ulink
+ url="&url-www;"><citetitle>&appname;网站</citetitle></ulink>
+ 包å«æœ‰å…³ç¨‹åºåŠå…¶è½¯ä»¶æ›´æ–°çš„帮助信æ¯ã€‚å…¶ä¸ä¹ŸåŒ…å«å…¶å®ƒåœ¨çº¿èµ„æºçš„链接。
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="wiki">
+ <title id="wiki.title">&app;维基</title>
+
+ <para>æ•°ç›®å¯è§‚çš„ä¸é‚£ä¹ˆæ£å¼çš„文档，&app;本身åŠå…¶ç»´æŠ¤å¼€å‘工作有关的内容都å¯ä»¥åœ¨<ulink url="&url-wiki;">&appname;维基</ulink>上找到。
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="oview-faq">
+ <title>&app;常è§é—®é¢˜</title>
+
+ <para>
+ <ulink url="&url-wiki-faq;">&app;常è§é—®é¢˜</ulink>（<acronym>FAQ</acronym>）页é¢ä¹Ÿç½®äºŽ<xref linkend="wiki" endterm="wiki.title" />上。æ¯å½“ä½ åœ¨ä½¿ç”¨&app;æ—¶é‡åˆ°å›°éš¾ï¼Œéƒ½åº”当先查阅常è§é—®é¢˜ã€‚现在它也被翻译为了德è¯å’Œç®€ä½“ä¸æ–‡ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æƒ³è¦è®¿é—®ç¿»è¯‘页é¢ï¼Œè¯·æŸ¥çœ‹<ulink url="&url-wiki-faq;">&app;常è§é—®é¢˜</ulink>页é¢é¡¶éƒ¨çš„æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚
+ </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+
+
+ <sect2 id="on-line-assistance">
+ <title>&app;在线帮助</title>
+
+ <bridgehead>
+ 邮件列表
+ </bridgehead>
+
+ <para>最é‡è¦çš„用户支æŒå°±æ¥è‡ªäºŽ<ulink url="mailto:gnucash-user at gnucash.org">
+ 用户邮件列表</ulink>ã€‚ä½ å¦‚æžœæ›´æƒ³ä½¿ç”¨è®ºå›çš„å½¢å¼ï¼Œå¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡<ulink url="&url-mail-nabble;">Nabble</ulink>
+ 使用。å³ä½¿æ˜¯ä½¿ç”¨Nabble，å‘表讨论也需è¦å…ˆè®¢é˜…。
+ </para>
+
+ <bridgehead>
+ IRC
+ </bridgehead>
+
+ <para>å‡ ä½å¼€å‘者æŒç»å…³æ³¨<ulink url='&url-irc;'>&srv-irc;上的 #gnucash 频é“</ulink>。
+ 他们通常忙于其它事务，当然也ä¸æ˜¯æ—¶æ—¶åˆ»åˆ»å在电脑å‰ã€‚请登录ã€è¯¢é—®ä½ 的问题ã€ä¿æŒç™»å½•ã€‚è¿‡å‡ ä¸ªå°æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 的问题就会被留æ„到并得到回应。
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara>å¦‚æžœä½ å¤±åŽ»è¿žæŽ¥ï¼Œè¯·<ulink url="&url-logs-irc;">检查IRC记录</ulink>ç¡®è®¤ä½ æ²¡æœ‰é—æ¼ç›¸å…³æ¶ˆæ¯ã€‚
+ </simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <simpara><ulink url="&url-wiki-irc;">IRC维基页é¢</ulink>
+ 介ç»äº†å‰æè¦æ±‚ã€å‘言准则和其它详细信æ¯ã€‚
+ </simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para><ulink url="&url-www;">&appname;网站</ulink>详细介ç»äº†è¿™äº›é¢‘é“。也能在上é¢æ‰¾åˆ°æŒ‡å‘&app;维基ã€è½¯ä»¶ç¼ºé™·è·Ÿè¸ªç³»ç»Ÿç‰æ›´å¤šæœ‰ç”¨èµ„æºçš„链接。
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="topic-search">
+ <title>主题æœç´¢</title>
+
+ <para>在线手册也æ供了æœç´¢åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚è¦æœç´¢ç‰¹å®šçš„主题，点击帮助窗å£åº•éƒ¨çš„<guilabel>æœç´¢</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨è¾“入框ä¸è¾“å…¥è¦æœç´¢çš„主题。点击<guibutton>æœç´¢</guibutton>按钮执行æœç´¢ã€‚æœç´¢ç»“果会出现在下方的列表ä¸ï¼Œç‚¹å‡»å…¶ä¸ä¸€é¡¹æœç´¢ç»“果就会在å³ä¾§æ˜¾ç¤ºç›¸åº”的帮助内容。
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="oview-install1">
+ <title>安装</title>
+
+ <para>&app;安装起æ¥ä¸€èˆ¬å¾ˆç®€å•ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para><ulink url="&url-www;download.phtml"><citetitle>&app;下载
+ 页</citetitle></ulink>为æ¯ä¸€æ¬¾æ”¯æŒçš„æ“作系统æ供了详细的安装指引。
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_python_bindings.xml b/zh/guide/ch_python_bindings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..652ecb10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_python_bindings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!-- (Do not remove this comment block.)
+Version: 2.4.0
+Last modified: 2011-01-01
+Maintainers:
+Author:
+Mike Evans <mikee at saxicola.co.uk>
+Translators:
+(translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<!-- Todo: Database backends offer read access;
+ Guile is also a sripting language perhaps its stand alone use should be explained here, too? -->
+<!-- Todo: after adding a procedure convert this page into a https://tdg.docbook.org/tdg/4.5/task.html -->
+<chapter id="ch_python_bindings">
+ <title>Python Bindings</title>
+
+ <para>&app; historically has always been a traditional application in the sense that you open it, use it
+ to manipulate your financial data via the windows it presents, save your data and close the
+ windows again. This has the inherent limitation that you can only do whatever the windows, menus
+ and toolbars allow you to do.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Sometimes you might need a little more flexibility. For example, you need a report with just a
+ little different information than what the built-in reports provide, or you want to automate a
+ frequently recurring action. Such custom manipulations are ideal candidates to write in one or
+ the other scripting language.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Starting with &app; version 2.4 you can write
+ <ulink url="&url-wp-en;Python_(programming_language)">&app-py;</ulink> scripts to manipulate
+ your financial data.
+ </para>
+
+ <important>
+ <para>The &app-py; extensions are an optional feature which creates additional dependencies. To be able to
+ use &app-py; scripts, &app; must have been built with the <code language="sh">cmake
+ -DWITH_PYTHON=ON …</code> option enabled, otherwise all what follows won’t work. At
+ present this option is not enabled by default, so if you need this, you may have to compile
+ &app; from source yourself. But some distributions offer it also as a separate package with a
+ name like<package>
+ python[<replaceable>version</replaceable>]-&appname;
+ </package>
+ </para>
+ </important>
+
+ <para>The &app-py; extensions come with a couple of ready to use scripts. This chapter will show you how
+ to <emphasis>use</emphasis> some of them.
+ </para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>This chapter is not about how to write your own &app-py; scripts. Refer to the
+ <ulink url="&url-doc-api-main;python_bindings_page.html">developer documentation</ulink> for
+ that instead.
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_reports.xml b/zh/guide/ch_reports.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1a52781e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_reports.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1758 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.6.15
+ Last modified: January, 2018
+ Maintainers:
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Chris Good <chris.good at ozemail.com.au>
+ Christopher Lam
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Originally designed by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<chapter id="ch_reports">
+ <title>Reports</title>
+
+ <para>&app; is a powerful double entry accounting software package that allows users to enter and track
+ their money in a reliable manner. However, putting this information into &app; is only a part of
+ the process. To be truly helpful, you need to be able to extract this information in meaningful
+ ways. &app;'s reporting features allow you to just that.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>&app;'s reporting features allow you to display nearly any group of transactions in a wide variety
+ of formats. This makes it easy to answer questions about your finances, such as
+ <quote>How much did I spend on groceries last month?</quote>
+ or <quote>How much did I earn in the previous six months?</quote>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>&app; includes a number of common report types, which can be modified to meet your specific needs.
+ If these common reports are insufficient, it is possible to modify or even write your own custom
+ reports (although this is not recommended for beginners).
+ </para>
+
+ <sect1 id="rpt_concepts">
+ <title>Overview</title>
+
+ <para>There are many standard reports pre-built in &app;, all available from the
+ <guimenu>Reports</guimenu> pulldown menu in the main account window.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>When you select a report from the list of reports, that report is first run with its default
+ settings. Once you have opened the report, you can modify its parameters by clicking on the
+ <guibutton>Options</guibutton> button on the toolbar. Under <guilabel>Options</guilabel>, you will see the different settings that you can
+ change for each report. Note that for different reports, the options will be different.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="rpt_savedconfigsinfo">
+ <title>Saved Reports Configurations Concepts</title>
+
+ <para>Once you have modified a report to meet your needs, you may wish to save that report for reuse at a
+ later point. &app; allows custom reports to be saved, using the <guimenuitem>Save Report Configuration</guimenuitem>
+ command.
+ </para>
+
+ <procedure>
+ <title>Save a report configuration</title>
+
+ <step><para>Go to the <guilabel>Reports</guilabel> Menu and choose the desired report.</para></step>
+
+ <step><para>Change the settings on the report until it includes what is needed.</para></step>
+
+ <step><para>Go to the <guilabel>General</guilabel> tab of the report's options and change the Report Name to something meaningful
+ (Do not confuse this with the Report Title.)
+ </para></step>
+
+ <step><para>Apply the changes and close the dialog.</para></step>
+
+ <step><para>Click the <guibutton>Save Report Configuration</guibutton> or <guibutton>Save Report Configuration As...</guibutton> button.</para></step>
+ </procedure>
+
+
+
+
+ <para>This will store the report options in a file in your home directory.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The first time you save a report with a name that has not already been saved, you can use either the
+ <guibutton>Save Report Configuration</guibutton> or the <guibutton>Save Report Configuration As...</guibutton> button. You can modify the
+ report name before saving it.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Once a report has been saved with the current name, the <guibutton>Save Report Configuration</guibutton> button will
+ immediately update the saved report configuration. Use the <guibutton>Save Report Configuration As...</guibutton> button
+ to save the current report configuration with a new name.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Saved report configurations are available for use under the <menuchoice><guimenu>Reports</guimenu><guimenuitem>Saved Report Configurations</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
+ entry. They will also be available for use on multicolumn reports.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Saved report configurations can be deleted in the <guilabel>Saved Report Configurations</guilabel> dialog by clicking the
+ <guiicon>trashcan</guiicon> icon.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To edit saved report configurations, open the report via <menuchoice><guimenu>Reports</guimenu><guimenuitem>Saved Report Configurations</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, edit
+ and apply the new options, and click <guibutton>Save Report Configuration</guibutton>.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="rpt_standardrpts">
+ <title>Standard Reports Overview</title>
+
+ <para>The standard reports that are included in &app; are presented in this section. For each report, a
+ short description is given, which explains what the report is intended to show and its primary
+ purpose. We begin with a description of the Transaction Report, which is an all-purpose report
+ with many features and settings that allow sophisticated examination of the data in a file.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="rpt_txnrept">
+ <title>Transaction Report</title>
+
+ <para>The Transaction Report is a fundamental report that allows users to retrieve a wide variety of
+ useful information from the financial records. The report includes many features that allow
+ powerful and flexible reporting from the single basic report.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Debit and Credit subtotals can be displayed, and within a grouping section, if debit totals >
+ credit totals, the group subtotal will be displayed in the debit column.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Multiple data columns enable display of transaction amounts in report currency and original currency
+ in separate columns.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Additional sortkeys e.g. sort by reconcile status (unreconciled -> cleared -> reconciled), sort by
+ weeks, allow additional views into the financial records.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Full text filter enabled for description, notes and memo, and for account full names. This allows
+ easier selection of source account names and tailored reporting. Filters can optionally
+ use full POSIX regular expressions.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Indenting of columns will indent the report columns for easier understanding of grouping and
+ sorting. (This is now enabled by default for &app; 3.0 onwards)
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Subtotal table is useful to understand the relationship in the data. This feature compiles the
+ primary and secondary subtotals into a table view, allowing additional insight into
+ financial records, e.g. account subtotals in different time series.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>For further ideas on how to use the Transaction Report to produce common reports, see
+ <link linkend='rpt_transaction'>Using the Transaction Report</link>.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="rpt_grp_assetsliabs">
+ <title>Assets & Liabilities Group</title>
+
+ <para>Reports in this group provide general information about assets and liabilities.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_advport">
+ <title>Advanced Portfolio</title>
+
+ <para>The Advanced Portfolio produces a report on commodity accounts (stock and mutual fund type accounts)
+ using price information stored in the &app; price database and within the &app;
+ transaction data. If you do not have stock price information in your file, the report will
+ indicate an error. This report includes extended information about commodity holdings,
+ including information about the basis, gain, and return of individual commodities.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect4 id="rpt-advport-capgains">
+ <title>Advanced Portfolio Capital Gains</title>
+
+ <para>The Advanced Portfolio report doesn’t use the capital gain splits to calculate capital gains. It
+ calculates the gains from the various buy and sell transactions in the account without
+ regard to whether the gains and losses are recorded or not. Any realized gain splits are
+ ignored. Realized gain splits are recognized as two splits, one in the stock’s account
+ with a zero number of shares and a non-zero value, the other in an income or expense
+ account with a value that is the negative of the split in the stock account. These two
+ splits can be in a separate transaction (as created by scrubbing) or in the same
+ transaction as the sale (this will cause incorrect future scrubbing). The income or
+ expense split can be split into multiple splits, say for taxable/non-taxable or
+ short/long term gains, without affecting this report.
+ </para>
+ </sect4>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_assetbarchart">
+ <title>Asset Barchart</title>
+
+ <para>The Asset Barchart presents the value of assets on a monthly basis in barchart form. By default, the
+ report displays the eight largest accounts that have specific asset types assigned to
+ them, and it displays bars for the current financial period.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Several settings on this report can greatly affect the information included.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Accounts tab, the "Show Accounts until level" option changes how the report aggregates
+ account totals. Change this value to see information at deeper levels of the account
+ structure.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Display tab, the "Maximum Bars" option will display more bars in the chart, allowing
+ information for more accounts to display. Additionally, the "Show table" option
+ enables the display of chart information in tabular form below the chart.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the General tab, the "Price Source" option can significantly affect the reported value of various
+ commodities included in the report.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_assetpiechart">
+ <title>Asset Piechart</title>
+
+ <para>The Asset Piechart presents the value of assets on a monthly basis in piechart form. By default, the
+ report shows the seven largest accounts, that have specific asset types assigned to them,
+ arranged in descending order by value as of the end of the current accounting period.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Several settings on this report can greatly affect the information included.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Accounts tab, the "Show Accounts until level" option changes how the report aggregates
+ account totals. Change this value to see information at deeper levels of the account
+ structure.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Display tab, the "Maximum Slices" option will display more slices in the chart, allowing
+ information for more accounts to display.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the General tab, the "Price Source" option can significantly affect the reported value of various
+ commodities included in the report.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_avgbalance">
+ <title>Average Balance</title>
+
+ <para>The Average Balance report displays monthly averages for the current accounting period.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_balancesheet">
+ <title>Balance Sheet</title>
+
+ <para>The Balance Sheet lists Asset, Liability, and Equity account balances for all such accounts, and
+ provides totals as of a given date. Balance sheets are commonly run for the last day of
+ each fiscal year to give an overall sense of the financial condition of the entity.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_generaljournal">
+ <title>General Journal</title>
+
+ <para>The General Journal produces a register of all transactions (beginning to end) in order by date,
+ showing the accounts and the amounts involved, and totals the Net Change by all currencies
+ and assets.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This report is not customizable by date or account, though you can include more or fewer details
+ about the individual transactions, and whether to include running balances and totals for
+ the credits and debits. If you need a report restricted to particular accounts, consider
+ the Transaction Report or open a particular account and choose the Account Transaction
+ Report.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_generalledger">
+ <title>General Ledger</title>
+
+ <para>The General Ledger produces information about all transactions for a selected set of accounts. When
+ first run, this report loads no data, and the report options must be changed to retrieve
+ information from the file.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_investlots">
+ <title>Investment Lots</title>
+
+ <figure id="fig-investlots" pgwide="1">
+ <title>The Investment Lots Report</title>
+ <screenshot id="InvestmentLotsScreenShot">
+ <screeninfo>1720x982</screeninfo>
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/Report_Investment_Lots.png"
+ srccredit="Brent McBride" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/Report_Investment_Lots.png"
+ srccredit="Brent McBride"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>The Investment Lots report shows details about lots in a selected set of accounts of type
+ <emphasis>Stock</emphasis> or <emphasis>Mutual Fund</emphasis> (see <xref linkend="invest-sellLots" />).
+ It includes an optional capital gains summary chart and a table with columns for dates, purchases, sales, end
+ balances, capital gains (realized and unrealized, short term and long term), and return on investment (ROI).
+ It also performs optional lot validation checks.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The report can help answer questions such as:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Which lots are best candidates for tax loss/gain harvesting?
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>What capital gains have been realized for a particular time period (i.e. this year, last year,
+ etc)? Are they long term or short term gains?
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Which lots held longer than 1+ years have the largest unrealized gains, and would therefore be
+ most advantageous (tax-wise) if donated to charity?
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Are the lots (and related accounts and splits) well-formed?
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>For more details, see the
+ <ulink url="&url-docs-C;help/report-classes.html#investment-lots-report">Investment Lots</ulink>
+ report documentation in the Manual.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_investport">
+ <title>Investment Portfolio</title>
+
+ <para>The Investment Portfolio produces a report of commodity accounts (that is, accounts with type
+ "Stock" or "Mutual Fund"), giving holdings, price and value information about commodities
+ in the file.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_liabbarchart">
+ <title>Liability Barchart</title>
+
+ <para>The Liability Barchart presents the value of liabilities on a monthly basis in barchart form. By
+ default, the report displays the eight largest accounts that have specific asset types
+ assigned to them, and it displays bars for the current financial period.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Several settings on this report can greatly affect the information included.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Accounts tab, the "Show Accounts until level" option changes how the report aggregates
+ account totals. Change this value to see information at deeper levels of the account
+ structure.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Display tab, the "Maximum Bars" option will display more bars in the chart, allowing
+ information for more accounts to display. Additionally, the "Show table" option
+ enables the display of chart information in tabular form below the chart.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the General tab, the "Price Source" option can significantly affect the reported value of various
+ commodities included in the report.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_liabpiechart">
+ <title>Liability Piechart</title>
+
+ <para>The Liability Piechart presents the value of liabilities on a monthly basis in piechart form. By
+ default, the report shows the seven largest accounts, that have specific asset types
+ assigned to them, arranged in descending order by value as of the end of the current
+ accounting period.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Several settings on this report can greatly affect the information included.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Accounts tab, the "Show Accounts until level" option changes how the report aggregates
+ account totals. Change this value to see information at deeper levels of the account
+ structure.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Display tab, the "Maximum Slices" option will display more slices in the chart, allowing
+ information for more accounts to display.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the General tab, the "Price Source" option can significantly affect the reported value of various
+ commodities included in the report.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_networthbar">
+ <title>Net Worth Barchart</title>
+
+ <para>The Net Worth Barchart summarizes Asset accounts, Liability accounts, and overall Net Worth as bars
+ on a graph on a monthly basis for the current financial period. This report provides a
+ graphic overview of the file over time.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_networthline">
+ <title>Net Worth Linechart</title>
+
+ <para>The Net Worth Linechart summarizes Asset accounts, Liability accounts, and overall Net Worth as a
+ line graph on a monthly basis for the current financial period. This report provides a
+ graphic overview of the file over time.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_pricescatter">
+ <title>Price Scatterplot</title>
+
+ <para>The Price Scatterplot displays the value of one commodity relative to another commodity, for example
+ the value of a stock relative to a currency. When first run, this report loads no data,
+ and the report options must be changed to retrieve information from the file.
+ Specifically, the "Price of Commodity" setting on the Price options tab must be changed to
+ a specific commodity.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="rpt_grp_budget">
+ <title>Budget Group</title>
+
+ <para>Budget reports in &app; allow you to gather summary information related to budgets you may have
+ created. In order for these reports to work, you must first create a budget. The reports in
+ this group are specifically based on budget information. To use these reports, you need to
+ have a budget saved in your file.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_budbalsht">
+ <title>Budget Balance Sheet</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_budbarchart">
+ <title>Budget Barchart</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_budflow">
+ <title>Budget Flow</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_budincstate">
+ <title>Budget Income Statement</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_budprofloss">
+ <title>Budget Profit & Loss</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_budreport">
+ <title>Budget Report</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="rpt_grp_business">
+ <title>Business Group</title>
+
+ <para>Reports in this group provide general information about activities related to a business.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_customer">
+ <title>Customer Report</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_custsummary">
+ <title>Customer Summary</title>
+
+ <para>Customer Summary is a customer profit report that can help with job analysis by comparing the income
+ and expenses for a specific customer.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>All invoices have an Owner in &app;, so invoices that are made will show a customer and show in the
+ report. When creating a Bill, the Default Chargeback Customer is blank. To use the profit
+ report, this field needs an entry, since this is the tag that decides the line to which to
+ attach the expense. Left blank, the bill will be assigned to "No Customer." Similarly,
+ when income is entered directly in a register rather than creating an invoice, it will
+ also be assigned to "No Customer."
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Thus, if this report includes an entry for "No Customer", this means that the report may be
+ inaccurate, as the results are not all properly labeled.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Possible use scenarios include:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Tracking retail sales from different cities
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Tracking rental properties
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Tracking types of business
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Tracking commission sales
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>Each of these scenarios assumes that the account structure includes breakdowns for individual
+ tracked categories. Changing settings on the Income and Expense tabs under Options can
+ hone the information displayed. By default all income and expense accounts are included;
+ however, since &app; can't really predict the names and classification of income and
+ expense accounts, it must group them all into the "No Customer" entry.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Note that inventory-based businesses won't benefit from this report because of its nature.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Useful options:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The Expense Accounts tab allows the selection of one or more expense accounts.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The Income Accounts tab allows the selection of one or more income accounts.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The Display tab allows sorting by name, profit percentage, or amount of profit.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_easyinv">
+ <title>Easy Invoice</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_employee">
+ <title>Employee Report</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_fancyinv">
+ <title>Fancy Invoice</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_payaging">
+ <title>Payable Aging</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_prtinv">
+ <title>Printable Invoice</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_recaging">
+ <title>Receivable Aging</title>
+
+ <para>This report provides a listing of all customers, their current balance, and how much they have
+ outstanding from invoices over different time periods—how much they owe from
+ 0-30 days, from 31-60 days, from 61-90 days, and over 90 days. The report also contains
+ links to each customer and to their current customer report.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_vendor">
+ <title>Vendor Report</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="rpt_grp_incexp">
+ <title>Income and Expense Group</title>
+
+ <para>Reports in this group provide information about Income and Expense
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_cashflow">
+ <title>Cash Flow</title>
+
+ <para>This report shows the change in value for a set of accounts (the flow of cash) over a given period
+ of time. By default, this report is based on accounts in Assets and Special Accounts, and
+ covers the current financial period. The report enumerates all money coming in to and
+ going out of the base accounts, broken down by the other account.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_equity">
+ <title>Equity Statement</title>
+
+ <para>This report can be seen as extension of the Balance Sheet report. The Balance Sheet states the
+ balance of Assets, Liabilities and Equity at a specific point of time. The Equity
+ Statement focuses on the Equity Accounts by showing the cash flow to and from them for a
+ given period of time.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>By balancing this cash flow with income, the report shows the available capital at the beginning and
+ end of the selected time period.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_expbarchart">
+ <title>Expense Barchart</title>
+
+ <para>The Expense Barchart presents the value of expenses on a monthly basis in barchart form. By default,
+ the report displays the eight largest accounts that have specific expense types assigned
+ to them, and it displays bars for the current financial period.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Several settings on this report can greatly affect the information included.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Accounts tab, the "Show Accounts until level" option changes how the report aggregates
+ account totals. Change this value to see information at deeper levels of the account
+ structure.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Display tab, the "Maximum Bars" option will display more bars in the chart, allowing
+ information for more accounts to display. Additionally, the "Show table" option
+ enables the display of chart information in tabular form below the chart.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the General tab, the "Price Source" option can significantly affect the reported value of various
+ commodities included in the report.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_exppiechart">
+ <title>Expense Piechart</title>
+
+ <para>The Expense Piechart presents the value of expenses on a monthly basis in piechart form. By default,
+ the report shows the seven largest accounts, that have specific expense types assigned to
+ them, arranged in descending order by value as of the end of the current accounting
+ period.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Several settings on this report can greatly affect the information included.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Accounts tab, the "Show Accounts until level" option changes how the report aggregates
+ account totals. Change this value to see information at deeper levels of the account
+ structure.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Display tab, the "Maximum Slices" option will display more slices in the chart, allowing
+ information for more accounts to display.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the General tab, the "Price Source" option can significantly affect the reported value of various
+ commodities included in the report.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_expdayoweek">
+ <title>Expenses vs. Day of Week</title>
+
+ <para>Expenses vs. Day of Week presents a pie chart showing the totals for selected expense accounts
+ totaled by the day of the week of the transaction. The report options enable you to make
+ some adjustments (such as accounts, display options, and the date range) but the account
+ selector only allows expense accounts to be chosen. The report aggregates expense
+ transactions by day of week, not by any other period or category. Due to these
+ limitations, the report may be considered a demonstration or an example to someone wanting
+ to examine the source code for composing a useful custom report.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_incomebarchart">
+ <title>Income Barchart</title>
+
+ <para>The Income Barchart presents the value of income on a monthly basis in barchart form. By default,
+ the report displays the eight largest accounts that have specific income types assigned to
+ them, and it displays bars for the current financial period.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Several settings on this report can greatly affect the information included.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Accounts tab, the "Show Accounts until level" option changes how the report aggregates
+ account totals. Change this value to see information at deeper levels of the account
+ structure.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Display tab, the "Maximum Bars" option will display more bars in the chart, allowing
+ information for more accounts to display. Additionally, the "Show table" option
+ enables the display of chart information in tabular form below the chart.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the General tab, the "Price Source" option can significantly affect the reported value of various
+ commodities included in the report.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_incexpchart">
+ <title>Income & Expense Chart</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_incomepiechart">
+ <title>Income Piechart</title>
+
+ <para>The Income Piechart presents the value of income on a monthly basis in piechart form. By default,
+ the report shows the seven largest accounts, that have specific income types assigned to
+ them, arranged in descending order by value as of the end of the current accounting
+ period.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Several settings on this report can greatly affect the information included.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Accounts tab, the "Show Accounts until level" option changes how the report aggregates
+ account totals. Change this value to see information at deeper levels of the account
+ structure.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the Display tab, the "Maximum Slices" option will display more slices in the chart, allowing
+ information for more accounts to display.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>On the General tab, the "Price Source" option can significantly affect the reported value of various
+ commodities included in the report.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_incstatement">
+ <title>Income Statement</title>
+
+ <para>This report lists Income and Expense account totals for a set period. By default, it shows all
+ Expense and Income accounts down to 3 levels of sub-accounts for the current financial
+ period.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>An Income Statement is also called a "Profit and Loss" report or "Revenue Statement."
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In earlier versions of &app;, this report was called "Profit & Loss," but with version 2, the
+ report was renamed "Income Statement" to use more common accounting terminology.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The Income Statement helps show where money is coming from and where it is going for a given time
+ period.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_incdayoweek">
+ <title>Income vs. Day of Week</title>
+
+ <para>Income vs. Day of Week presents a piechart showing the totals for selected income accounts totaled
+ by the day of the week of the transaction. The report options enable you to make some
+ adjustments (such as accounts, display options, and the date range) but the account
+ selector only allows income accounts to be chosen. The report aggregates income
+ transactions by day of week, not by any other period or category. Due to these
+ limitations, the report may be considered a demonstration or an example to someone wanting
+ to examine the source code for composing a useful custom report.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_trialbal">
+ <title>Trial Balance</title>
+
+ <para>Trial Balance lists the ending balances in all accounts as of a particular date. It is typically run
+ at the end of an accounting period and is primarily used to ensure that the total of all
+ debits equals the total of all credits.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_gst_statement">
+ <title>Income and GST Statement</title>
+
+ <para>The Income and GST Statement is a specialised Transaction Report designed to print Business-related
+ Sales and Receipts, as well as their GST or VAT components. This report is designed for
+ use in Australia, but is also usable in any jurisdictions implementing value-added taxes
+ (or goods and services taxes) during regular business sales and receipts; and the business
+ owner is expected to submit periodic reports of total sales, purchases, and taxes
+ collected on sales from clients or paid to a supplier.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This report makes some assumptions upon the accounts used for sales, purchases, and taxes collected
+ on sales, and paid on purchases.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Net Sales must be an Income-type account
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Net Purchases must be an Expense-type account
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>GST/VAT on Sales must be a Liability-type account
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>GST/VAT on Purchases must be an Asset-type account
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>There may be multiple GST accounts, e.g. reduced GST, standard GST etc. The GST accounts can be
+ printed individually, or summarised for sales and purchases.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>There may be multiple sales and expenses accounts, e.g. Income:Sales, Income:Grants,
+ Expenses:Suppliers, Expenses:Marketing, Expenses:Insurance. These amounts may be
+ reported individually, or summarised for sales and purchases.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The transactions may be entered manually as a multi-split transaction, or they may be entered via
+ the Business Invoices and Bills tools.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>As an example, consider a business has the following transactions: It incurs sales of $1,000 plus 5%
+ GST, receiving $1,050. It also incurs GST-exempt sales of $600. It purchases
+ goods/services worth $400 plus 5% = $420. The following transactions will record the
+ business activities:
+ </para>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Sample Chart of Accounts for Income and GST Statement</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
+ <colspec colname="date"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="desc"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="account"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="debit" align="right"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="credit" align="right"/>
+
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Date
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Description
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Account
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Debit
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Credit
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry morerows="2" valign="top">
+ 01/01/2018
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry morerows="2" valign="top">
+ Sales $1,000 + 5% GST
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Income:Sales
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $1,000
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ GST on Sales [Liability]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $50
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Asset:Bank
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $1,050
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry morerows="1" valign="top">
+ 02/01/2018
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry morerows="1" valign="top">
+ GST-Free Sales $600
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Income:Sales
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $600
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Asset:Bank
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $600
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry morerows="2" valign="top">
+ 03/01/2018
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry morerows="2" valign="top">
+ Purchase $400 + 5% GST
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Expenses:Purchases
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $400
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Asset:Bank
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $420
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ GST on Purchases [Asset]
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $20
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <para>For the Income and GST Statement, the <option>Accounts</option> selected will be the Income and
+ Expense Accounts, and the <option>Tax accounts</option> are used to select the GST
+ accounts. The GST period is selected via the <guilabel>General</guilabel> tab. The
+ resulting report is shown as follows:
+ </para>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Income and GST Statement</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols="8" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
+ <colspec colname="date"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="desc"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="tot-sales" align="right"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="net-sales" align="right"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="tax-sales" align="right"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="tot-purch" align="right"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="net-purch" align="right"/>
+
+ <colspec colname="tax-purch" align="right"/>
+
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Date
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Description
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Total Sales
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Net Sales
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Tax on Sales
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Total Purchases
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Net Purchases
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Tax on Purchases
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 01/01/2018
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Sales $1,000 + 5%
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $1,050
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $1,000
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $50
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 02/01/2018
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ GST-Free Sales $600
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $600
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $600
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ 03/01/2018
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Purchase $400 + 5% GST
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $420
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $400
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $20
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Totals
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry></entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $1,650
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $1,600
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $50
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $420
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $400
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ $20
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <para>This report would indicate that there was a total of $50 GST collected, and $20 GST on purchases,
+ therefore a $30 GST liability is payable to the authorities.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="rpt_grp_sampcust">
+ <title>Sample & Custom Group</title>
+
+ <para>The reports in this group offer examples on how reports can be customized or modified to suit
+ personal need.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_custommulti">
+ <title>Custom Multicolumn Report</title>
+
+ <para>This report provides a base that allows several standard and custom reports to be combined into one
+ view. Note that this report opens with an empty window; you must open the options and
+ designate which reports to include for display. Once the reports have been selected, the
+ settings for individual reports in the multicolumn display can be edited.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_sample">
+ <title>Sample Report with Examples</title>
+
+ <para>This is a sample report that users can examine to learn how to write their own reports.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_welcome">
+ <title>Welcome Sample Report</title>
+
+ <para>This report demonstrates how the Multicolumn Report can be use to create custom dashboard-type
+ reports.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="rpt_grp_miscrpts">
+ <title>Other Reports</title>
+
+ <para>Several reports are included on the main Reports menu. These are described below.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_acctsummary">
+ <title>Account Summary</title>
+
+ <para>This lists the balances of all accounts and subaccounts as of a particular date. By default, this
+ report shows accounts and totals down to third-level subaccounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This report gives effectively the same information as the Chart of Accounts. You can use this report
+ to export and print the Chart of Accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>To generate a report of account totals over a particular time period (especially if you do not close
+ your books at regular intervals), you might consider using the Income Statement, or Cash
+ Flow reports.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_balance_forecast">
+ <title>Balance Forecast</title>
+
+ <para>This creates a balance chart which aims to track asset (or any other account type) balances,
+ including amounts from future scheduled transactions. The balances will include all
+ regular booked amounts and future amounts from numeric scheduled transaction templates.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This report can also add additional data charts to forecast future minimum balances. Reserve line
+ can be displayed to confirm if future minimum will dip below the reserve amount. A target
+ line may also be displayed above the reserve line for financial planning.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_futsched">
+ <title>Future Scheduled Transactions Summary</title>
+
+ <para></para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_taxtxf">
+ <title>Tax Report & TXF Export</title>
+
+ <para>Generates a report and a downloadable .txf file of taxable income and deductible expenses for a
+ particular accounting period. To download the report data, choose the Export button on the
+ toolbar and choose between html and .txf downloadable versions.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>To use this report, you must use Edit --> Tax Options to identify which form the taxing authority
+ uses for each income or expense account. Note that you can see but not modify the "Tax
+ related" checkbox in Edit --> Edit Account.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_savedrpts">
+ <title>Saved Report Configurations</title>
+
+ <para>Selecting this will open a dialog with a list of available Saved Report Configurations. "Saved
+ Report Configurations" means sets of customized settings for standard reports.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>These sets must be saved by the user before they appear here. See Report Concepts above for
+ instructions on how to save report configurations.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_acctreport">
+ <title>Account Report</title>
+
+ <para>The Account Report menu entry only appears when an account register is the active tab. This report
+ produces a list of all transactions in the open register.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Note that if you conduct a search that retrieves several transactions, the results are displayed in
+ a new search register, which can then be used to create a report for just those
+ transactions.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="rpt_accttxnrept">
+ <title>Account Transaction Report</title>
+
+ <para>This report also only appears when an account register is the active tab. However, this report only
+ lists transactions that have been selected (e.g. by mouse click) in the current register.
+ If no transactions are selected, an empty report will be generated.
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="rpt_transaction">
+ <title>Using the Transaction Report</title>
+
+ <para>The Transaction Report can be heavily customised to produce most reports appropriate for personal
+ finance and business bookkeeping purposes. It aims to retrieve and filter information from
+ the database, and present transactions and totals, useful for the user and the accountant.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The following guide to the Transaction Report will assume the user has set up the chart of accounts
+ according to conventional bookkeeping practice. For example, the following describes a
+ typical household book with skeleton accounts. Further accounts will undoubtedly be
+ necessary.
+ </para>
+
+ <table>
+ <title>Sample Chart of Accounts for the Transaction Report</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols='2' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Account Name
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ Account Type
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Asset
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ ASSET (placeholder)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Asset:Bank
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ BANK
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Asset:Property
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ ASSET
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liability
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ LIABILITY (placeholder)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liability:Credit Card
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ CREDIT CARD
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Liability:Home Loan
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ LIABILITY
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ INCOME (placeholder)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Salary
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ INCOME
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Income:Interest
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ INCOME
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expense
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ EXPENSE (placeholder)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expense:Groceries
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ EXPENSE
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expense:Auto
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ EXPENSE
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Expense:Medical
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ EXPENSE
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Equity
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ EQUITY (placeholder)
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
+ <entry>
+ Equity:Opening Balances
+ </entry>
+
+ <entry>
+ EQUITY
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <para>Conventionally, the oldest transaction would be equity transfers from Equity:Opening Balances to
+ Asset and Liability Accounts. Most subsequent transactions would be transfers from
+ Income/Expense accounts to Assets/Liability accounts (representing day-to-day activity e.g.
+ receiving salary, paying utility bill), or transfers between assets and liability accounts
+ (representing movements between loans and assets, e.g. paying credit card bill, receiving a
+ loan).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The following use cases will be illustrated, and the options to be selected explained:
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Using the Transaction Report to show previous year expenses</title>
+
+ <para>The Transaction Report can show how much was spent on expense accounts last year. This will usually
+ be the most useful basic transaction report format. To create this report:
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Open the report options, from the <guilabel>Accounts</guilabel> tab, click the Expense placeholder
+ account and <guibutton>Select Children</guibutton>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>From the <guilabel>General</guilabel> tab, Choose relative dates “Start of Previous Year†and
+ “End of Previous Yearâ€.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>From the <guilabel>Sorting</guilabel> tab, set <guilabel>Primary Key</guilabel> to Accounts, and
+ enable <guilabel>Primary Key Subtotal</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Set the <guilabel>Secondary Key</guilabel> to Date, and set the <guilabel>Secondary Key
+ Subtotal</guilabel> to None.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Secondary level grouping</title>
+
+ <para>The following will modify the above Transaction Report to use a secondary grouping strategy. The
+ first grouping (i.e. Primary Key = Accounts, Subtotal = enabled) will group transactions
+ from the same accounts, whereas the secondary grouping (i.e. Secondary Key = Date,
+ Subtotal = Monthly) will also calculate monthly sums within each account.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Select options as above
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>From the <guilabel>Sorting</guilabel> tab, set <guilabel>Secondary Key Subtotal</guilabel> to
+ Monthly
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Using secondary grouping for periodic comparison</title>
+
+ <para>The Display / Subtotal Table adds a subtotal summary table, which will ease comparison of accounts
+ across date periods. This displays the same subtotal calculations as the main table,
+ presented in a grid structure.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In addition, if there are multiple primary-key groups (e.g. Date grouping with monthly subtotals,
+ across multiple months) the subtotal table will also compute and display the primary-key
+ grouping Average. The average is computed as the total amount <emphasis>per
+ row</emphasis>, divided by the <emphasis>number of columns</emphasis>. This may cause
+ confusion when computing monthly spend averages, for instance, if a month has no
+ transactions and is not displayed in the table, it will <emphasis>not</emphasis> create a
+ corresponding column in the table, therefore the average amount will not reflect a true
+ monthly average.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Select options as above
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>From the <guilabel>Display</guilabel> tab, enable the <guilabel>Subtotal Table</guilabel>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Use filtering to limit accounts and transactions</title>
+
+ <para>Accounts and transactions can be filtered for reporting according to account full name (e.g.
+ ":Business:" will select account structure Income:Business:Sales, Income:Business:Grants,
+ Expenses:Business:Rent, Expenses:Business:Utilities) or transaction description/notes/memo
+ (select transactions tagged #gift). The filtering text may be either a standard string, or
+ a POSIX regular expression.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>From the <guilabel>Filter</guilabel> tab, complete the <guilabel>Account Name Filter</guilabel>, or
+ <guilabel>Transaction Filter</guilabel>. Optionally toggle the regular expression
+ check boxes to toggle full POSIX regex matching. Regular expressions will allow more
+ complex queries e.g. the transaction filter can be set to (#gift|#travel) which will
+ filter transactions with either #gift or #travel. They can be complicated and are best
+ learned from external guides.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>Using the Transaction Report to generate a reconciliation statement.</title>
+
+ <para>This sortkey 'reconcile status' will separate reconciled, cleared and unreconciled transactions.
+ This report may be useful in producing a printable reconciliation report.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Alternatively, the <guilabel>Reconciliation Report </guilabel> will preset these defaults and
+ requires only the Accounts selection.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>From the <guilabel>Accounts</guilabel> tab, select the relevant bank or credit card account
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>From the <guilabel>General</guilabel> tab, choose an appropriate date range e.g. past 3 months
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>From the <guilabel>Sorting</guilabel> tab, set the <guilabel>Primary Key</guilabel> to Reconcile
+ Status, <guilabel>Primary Key Subtotal</guilabel> to enabled, and set the
+ <guilabel>Secondary Key</guilabel> to Date. The <guilabel>Secondary Date
+ Subtotal</guilabel> is left to None
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/zh/guide/ch_txns.xml b/zh/guide/ch_txns.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d4ce3765
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/ch_txns.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1252 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.0.0
+ Last modified: 2014-09-26 (fell)
+ Maintainers:
+ Chris Lyttle <chris at wilddev.net>
+ Author:
+ Jon Lapham <lapham at extracta.com.br>
+ Updated Bengt Thuree <bengt at thuree.com>
+ Originally written by Carol Champagne.
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<sect1 id="chapter_txns">
+ <title>交易</title>
+
+ <para>æœ¬ç« ä¼šä»‹ç»åœ¨&app;ä¸ç†è§£å’Œä½¿ç”¨äº¤æ˜“的基本信æ¯ã€‚虽说科目是科目表的结构与框架，但交易æ‰æ˜¯å¡«å……æ¯ä¸€ç§‘目的数æ®ã€‚</para>
+
+ <sect2 id="txns-concepts1">
+ <title>基本概念</title>
+
+ <para>&app;è¿™ç§å¤å¼è®°è´¦ç³»ç»Ÿä¸çš„<emphasis>交易</emphasis>ä»£è¡¨è‡³å°‘ä¸¤ä¸ªç§‘ç›®é—´çš„è½¬è´¦ã€‚å› æ¤ä¸€æ¡äº¤æ˜“总是包å«è‡³å°‘两部分：一个<emphasis>æ¥æºç§‘ç›®</emphasis>和一个<emphasis>目的科目</emphasis>。金é¢ä»Žæ¥æºç§‘目转移到目的科目ä¸ã€‚会计师将交易的这些组æˆéƒ¨åˆ†ç§°ä¸º<emphasis>账簿æ¡ç›®ï¼ˆLedger Entries）</emphasis>。在&app;ä¸ç§°ä¹‹ä¸º<emphasis>分录</emphasis>。</para>
+
+ <para>一æ¡åˆ†å½•åŒ…å«æ¶‰åŠçš„科目和从之转出或å‘之转入的金é¢ï¼Œå¦‚有需è¦ï¼Œåˆ†å½•ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥åŒ…å«å¦å¤–å‡ é¡¹ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚&app;支æŒåœ¨ä¸€æ¡äº¤æ˜“ä¸è®°å½•å¤šæ¡åˆ†å½•ï¼Œå„æ¡åˆ†å½•å¯ä»¥å‘涉åŠçš„科目转入或从之转出任æ„的金é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œä½ æ”¶åˆ°äº†å·¥èµ„å¹¶å°†ä¹‹å˜å…¥é“¶è¡Œå‚¨è“„账户。å‘生的<emphasis>交易</emphasis>å°±æ˜¯ä½ çš„é“¶è¡Œå‚¨è“„ç§‘ç›®ï¼ˆå±žäºŽèµ„äº§ç§‘ç›®ï¼‰ä»Žæ”¶å…¥ç§‘ç›®ä¸å¾—到了钱。两个科目å—到影å“，æ¤æ—¶æ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šçš„å‡€å€¼å¢žåŠ äº†ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>在&app;ä¸å¢žåˆ 交易需è¦ä½¿ç”¨<emphasis>科目账簿</emphasis>。æ¯ä¸ªåˆ›å»ºçš„科目都有一个科目账簿。它很åƒç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªæ”¯ç¥¨ç°¿çš„æ—¥å¿—ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ä½ å¯èƒ½çœ‹ç€å¾ˆç†Ÿæ‚‰ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>科目账簿会在接下æ¥çš„<xref linkend="txns-register-oview"/>å°èŠ‚详细介ç»ã€‚</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="txns-register-oview">
+ <title>科目账簿</title>
+
+ <para><emphasis>科目账簿</emphasis>是一类窗å£ï¼Œå¯ä»¥æµè§ˆæˆ–编辑已ç»å˜åœ¨çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œæˆ–ä¸ºä¸€ç‰¹å®šçš„ç§‘ç›®æ·»åŠ æ–°çš„äº¤æ˜“ã€‚è¦ä»Žç§‘目表打开æŸä¸€ç§‘目的科目账簿，åŒå‡»ç§‘ç›®å称，或者å³å‡»ç§‘ç›®å称并从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>打开科目</guilabel>，也å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨å·¥å…·æ 上的<guilabel>打开</guilabel>按钮。&app;会显示科目账簿窗å£ã€‚</para>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-registers-features2">
+ <title>科目账簿的功能</title>
+
+ <para>科目账簿和<emphasis>æ ‡é¢˜æ </emphasis>显示了科目åç§°ã€‚æ ‡é¢˜æ 之下，<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>显示了å¯ä»¥åœ¨ç§‘目账簿ä¸ä½¿ç”¨çš„èœå•é¡¹ï¼Œ<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>包å«å¸®åŠ©æ“作科目账簿的的常用功能按钮。</para>
+
+ <para>在科目账簿窗å£çš„左下方，&app;会éšç€åœ¨çª—å£ä¸ç§»åŠ¨é¼ æ ‡è€Œæ˜¾ç¤ºæœ‰ç”¨çš„å¸®åŠ©æ¶ˆæ¯ã€‚在å³è¾¹ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°å½“å‰ç§‘目余é¢å’Œå·²ç»“清@分录的总计。</para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-regstyle1">
+ <title>é€‰æ‹©è´¦ç°¿é£Žæ ¼</title>
+
+ <para>&app;为æµè§ˆè´¦ç°¿æä¾›äº†å‡ ç§æ ·å¼é€‰é¡¹ã€‚é»˜è®¤æ ·å¼æ˜¯<guilabel>基本账簿</guilabel>模å¼ï¼Œä»…显示影å“当å‰ç§‘目的分录的总和。这ç§æ ·å¼çœ‹èµ·æ¥å分接近其它æµè¡Œçš„ä¸ªäººè´¢åŠ¡è½¯ä»¶ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ä»Ž<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>查看</guimenu>
+ </menuchoice>èœå•é€‰æ‹©ä¸åŒçš„è´¦ç°¿é£Žæ ¼ã€‚å¦æœ‰ä¸¤ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹ï¼š</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>查看</guimenu><guimenuitem>自动分录账簿</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>æ ·å¼ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨å±•å¼€å½“å‰çš„交易。当在账簿ä¸é€‰ä¸æ–°çš„交易时，交易会自动展开以展示全部分录。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>查看</guimenu><guimenuitem>交易日志</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>æ ·å¼ä¼šåœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸æ˜¾ç¤ºæ‰€æœ‰äº¤æ˜“的所有分录，æ¤æ ·å¼æ›´åƒä¼šè®¡æ—¥å¿—。@</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>è¿™äº›é£Žæ ¼éƒ½èƒ½å¤Ÿä»¥å•è¡Œæˆ–å¤šè¡Œæ ¼å¼æµè§ˆæ•°æ®ã€‚选择<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>查看</guimenu> <guimenuitem>åŒè¡Œ</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>，å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°äº¤æ˜“行扩展æˆäº†ä¸¤è¡Œã€‚åŒè¡Œæ¨¡å¼ä¹Ÿä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºäº¤æ˜“说明。
+ </para>
+
+ <para>下é¢çš„å±å¹•æˆªå›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†åŸºæœ¬è´¦ç°¿å’Œäº¤æ˜“日志在外观上的ä¸åŒã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>例如，å‡è®¾ä½ 花1000å…ƒè´ä¹°äº†ä¸‰æ¡ç‰›ä»”裤，且已ç»å°†è´ä¹°å½•å…¥ä¸ºåˆ†å½•äº¤æ˜“，其ä¸æ¯ä¸€æ¡ç‰›ä»”裤录入为独立的分录。</para>
+
+ <para>下é¢çš„å±å¹•æˆªå›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ä¸åŒæŸ¥çœ‹æ¨¡å¼é—´çš„差异。</para>
+
+ <para>首先，从活期科目查看牛仔裤交易：</para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>在<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目ä¸æŸ¥çœ‹è´ä¹°ä¸‰æ¡ç‰›ä»”裤的交易</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-registersplit4">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_registersplit4.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ä¸€æ¡åˆ†å½•äº¤æ˜“，其ä¸åŒ…å«ä¸‰æ¬¡ç‰›ä»”裤è´ä¹°ã€‚</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>现在，打开<emphasis>费用:æœè£…</emphasis>科目，以基本模å¼æŸ¥çœ‹ã€‚</para>
+
+ <!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>在<emphasis>费用:æœè£…</emphasis>科目ä¸ä»¥åŸºæœ¬è´¦ç°¿æ¨¡å¼æŸ¥çœ‹è´ä¹°ä¸‰æ¡ç‰›ä»”裤的交易</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-registersplit5">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_registersplit5.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†åŸºæœ¬è´¦ç°¿æ¨¡å¼ä¸‹çš„<emphasis>费用:æœè£…</emphasis>科目。</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>æ¤å¤„出现了三项，但活期科目ä¸åªæœ‰ä¸€é¡¹åˆ†å½•ã€‚接下æ¥çš„试验显示æ¯ä¸€è¡Œå…·æœ‰ä¸åŒçš„金é¢ï¼Œ200å…ƒã€300元和500元。å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°ï¼Œæ¤æ¨¡å¼ä¸‹è´¦ç°¿çš„æ¯ä¸€è¡Œå¯¹åº”原始交易ä¸çš„一æ¡åˆ†å½•ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>更改为交易日志模å¼ä¼šä»…显示原始的分录交易。</para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>在<emphasis>费用:æœè£…</emphasis>科目ä¸ä»¥äº¤æ˜“日志模å¼æŸ¥çœ‹è´ä¹°ä¸‰æ¡ç‰›ä»”裤的交易</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-registersplit6">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_registersplit6.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†äº¤æ˜“日志模å¼ä¸‹çš„<emphasis>费用:æœè£…</emphasis>科目。</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-columnwidths1">
+ <title>调整列宽</title>
+
+ <para>å°±åƒç”µåè¡¨æ ¼ä¸€æ ·ï¼Œè´¦ç°¿ä¸çš„å„列能够通过左键点击并拖动表头的分隔线æ¥è°ƒæ•´å®½åº¦ã€‚列头å³ä¾§çš„分隔线控制æ¤åˆ—的宽度。在&app;ä¸ï¼Œ<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>说明</guilabel>列会生动调整大å°ï¼Œä½¿å¾—账簿自适应地填满整个窗å£ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥å‘左侧拖动这些列的分隔线会缩å°åˆ—宽但会在释放时自动贴é 回去。å‘å³ä¾§æ‹–åŠ¨åˆ†éš”çº¿ä¼šåŠ å®½æ˜¾ç¤ºåŒºåŸŸå¹¶åœ¨çª—å£åº•éƒ¨æ˜¾ç¤ºæ»šåŠ¨æ¡ï¼Œä½†è¿™ä¸€æ•ˆæžœåªä¼šåœ¨è´¦ç°¿æ‰“开时ä¿æŒã€‚å…³é—并é‡æ–°æ‰“开账簿或退出&app;åŽï¼Œè´¦ç°¿ä»ä¼šå®Œå…¨å¡«æ»¡ç©ºé—´ã€‚</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>很多用户在调整<guilabel>ä½™é¢</guilabel>列时é‡åˆ°äº†é—®é¢˜ï¼Œç‰¹åˆ«æ˜¯åœ¨å¢žåŠ 其宽度的时候。åªéœ€å°†å…¶å³è¾¹ç•Œæ‹–出窗å£å°±å¯ä»¥å¢žåŠ æ¤åˆ—çš„å®½åº¦ã€‚ä»Žå·¦ä¾§å°†é¼ æ ‡ç§»åŠ¨åˆ°åˆ†éš”çº¿å¹¶åœ¨é¼ æ ‡æŒ‡é’ˆæˆä¸ºåŒå‘ç®å¤´&dArrow;æ—¶å°±ç«‹åˆ»æŒ‰ä¸‹é¼ æ ‡ã€‚</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <important>
+ <para>在分录模å¼ä¸‹ï¼Œè´¦ç°¿è¡¨å¤´ä¸å˜åœ¨ä¸åŒçš„åˆ—æ ‡é¢˜ï¼Œæ ¹æ®å½“å‰æ¿€æ´»çš„行类型，分别对应分录行和交易行。为了调整分录行的列宽，必须首先使分录行激活；为了调整交易行的列宽，必须激活交易行。</para>
+ </important>
+
+ <para>除了æ述列以外，列宽设置会ä¿å˜åœ¨ç”¨æˆ·è´¦ç°¿çš„状æ€æ–‡ä»¶ä¸ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨è´¦ç°¿å…³é—并é‡æ–°æ‰“开时还原。</para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-shortcuts1">
+ <title>使用数æ®å½•å…¥å¿«æ·é”®</title>
+
+ <para>&app;æä¾›äº†å‡ ç»„å¿«æ·é”®ï¼Œå¯ç”¨äºŽåŠ 速交易数æ®çš„录入。</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>æ—¥æœŸè¾“å…¥æ¡†ä¼šæ ¹æ®å½“åœ°æ—¥æœŸæ ¼å¼è§£æžè¾“入的çŸæ—¥æœŸï¼ˆä¾‹å¦‚ 2/15 或 15/2）。çŸæ—¥æœŸä»£è¡¨å½“å‰å¹´ä»½å†…，或由<guimenuitem>首选项</guimenuitem>çš„<guilabel>日期时间</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µä¸é€‰æ‹©çš„包å«12个月的滑动窗å£å†…的月份和日期。下述按键会调整当å‰è¾“入的日期：</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycap>+</keycap> 或 <keycap>=</keycap> åŽä¸€å¤©ï¼Œ <keycap>-</keycap> 或
+ <keycap>_</keycap> å‰ä¸€å¤©ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycap>]</keycap> 或 <keycap>}</keycap> 上个月，<keycap>[</keycap> 或
+ <keycap>{</keycap> 下个月。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycap>M</keycap> 或 <keycap>m</keycap> 设为æ¤æœˆç¬¬ä¸€å¤©ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycap>H</keycap> 或 <keycap>h</keycap> 设为æ¤æœˆæœ€åŽä¸€å¤©ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycap>Y</keycap> 或 <keycap>y</keycap> 设为æ¤å¹´ç¬¬ä¸€å¤©ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycap>R</keycap> 或 <keycap>r</keycap> 设为æ¤å¹´æœ€åŽä¸€å¤©ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycap>T</keycap> 或 <keycap>t</keycap> 设为今日。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>ä¸ä»…å¯ä»¥åœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸ä½¿ç”¨è¿™äº›è®¾ç½®æ—¥æœŸçš„å¿«æ·é”®ï¼Œåœ¨å…¶ä»–输入日期的地方也å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨è¿™äº›å¿«æ·é”®ã€‚</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>对于输入日期，也有å¦ä¸€ç§æ–¹å¼å¯ä»¥èŠ‚约时间：输入部分日期。例如，如果åªè¾“入一个数å—，&app;会将之解释为当å‰å¹´ä»½å½“å‰æœˆä»½çš„日期。如果输入日期和月份，&app;ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨é™„åŠ å¹´ä»½ã€‚é»˜è®¤æƒ…å†µä¸‹ä¼šåœ¨ä»Ž11个月å‰åˆ°å½“å‰æ—¥æœŸä¹‹é—´é€‰æ‹©åŒ¹é…çš„æ—¥æœŸã€‚è¿™è¯´æ˜Žï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ è¾“å…¥1/5（1月5日），而当å‰æ—¥æœŸæ˜¯2015å¹´12月，日期会补全为 16/1/5。æ¤é»˜è®¤è¡Œä¸ºå¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>编辑</guimenu><guisubmenu>首选项</guisubmenu>
+ <guisubmenu>日期与时间</guisubmenu><guilabel>日期补全</guilabel>
+ </menuchoice>更改。å¯ä»¥æ›´æ”¹ä¸ºæ€»æ˜¯åœ¨å½“å‰æ—¥åŽ†å¹´å†…选择日期，或更改滑动窗å£çš„起始ä½ç½®ã€‚</para>
+ </tip>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>在交易行的<guilabel>ç¼–å·</guilabel>列，å¯ä»¥æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap>+</keycap>æ¥åœ¨å…ˆå‰è¾“入的数å—åŸºç¡€ä¸Šå¢žåŠ äº¤æ˜“ç¼–å·ã€‚按下<keycap>-</keycap>会å‡å°‘ç¼–å·ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>当在<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>列ä¸è¾“入时，&app;会寻找先å‰å…·æœ‰ä»¥æ¤å¼€å¤´çš„æ述的交易，将之作为自动补全的æ示内容。在显示补全文本时按下<keycap>Tab</keycap>，&app;会å¤åˆ¶å…ˆå‰çš„äº¤æ˜“å¹¶å°†å…‰æ ‡èšç„¦å¹¶é€‰ä¸<guilabel>借</guilabel>或<guilabel>è´·</guilabel>的数值，以备é‡æ–°è¾“入新的数值。
+ <note>
+ <para>æ¤å¤„å¤åˆ¶çš„是<emphasis>整个交易</emphasis>，包括一些å¯èƒ½ä¸æ˜¾ç¤ºçš„部分，如<guilabel>说明</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>ä»·æ ¼</guilabel>。除éžä½ 确实想è¦ç²¾ç¡®åœ°å¤åˆ¶äº¤æ˜“，å¦åˆ™è¯·ç¡®ä¿å·²ç»ä¿®æ”¹äº†æ‰€æœ‰åº”与之ä¸åŒçš„内容。</para>
+ </note>
+ <tip>
+ <para>ä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨æ¤ç‰¹æ€§ä¸€æ¬¡æ·»åŠ 许多交易，然åŽå†å›žåˆ°<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>列修改æ述。</para>
+ </tip>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><guilabel>转账</guilabel>列支æŒç§‘ç›®å称的快速补全。å¯ä»¥å…ˆè¾“入科目å，éšåŽ&app;会补全科目å称剩下的部分。任何时候输入分隔符会完æˆç§‘ç›®å称的当å‰å±‚çº§ï¼Œå¹¶å°†å…‰æ ‡ç•™åœ¨å¼€å§‹è¾“å…¥ç§‘ç›®å称下一层级的ä½ç½®ã€‚例如，输入<keycap>资:æ´»</keycap>å¯èƒ½ä¼šè¡¥å…¨ä¸º<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目。以æ¤æ–¹å¼ä¾åºè¾“å…¥å称会弹出整个科目列表，其ä¸è¡¥å…¨é¡¹ä¼šè¢«é€‰ä¸ã€‚å¦å¤–，也å¯ä»¥è¾“入科目å称ä¸çš„任何å—符åºåˆ—，会弹出科目列表，其ä¸ä¼šç›é€‰å‡ºåŒ…å«å½“å‰è¾“å…¥å—符åºåˆ—的科目。ä¸è®ºå“ªç§æƒ…况，都能使用<keycap>上ç®å¤´</keycap>或<keycap>下ç®å¤´</keycap>从弹出列表ä¸é€‰æ‹©ç§‘目。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>å¯ä»¥åœ¨ä»»ä½•æ¶‰åŠæ•°é‡çš„列ä¸ä½¿ç”¨å†…置计算器。åªéœ€è¾“入第一个值之åŽå†æŽ¥ç€è¾“å…¥<keycap>+</keycap>ã€<keycap>-</keycap>ã€<keycap>*</keycap>或<keycap>/</keycap>。然åŽè¾“入第二个值。&app;会在按下<keycap>Tab</keycap>键时执行计算并将计算结果输入至数é‡åˆ—ä¸ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>所有的èœå•é¡¹éƒ½å…·æœ‰è®¿é—®é”®ï¼Œå½“按ä½<keycap>Alt</keycap>键时，访问键在èœå•å称ä¸ä½¿ç”¨ä¸‹åˆ’çº¿æ ‡å‡ºã€‚æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap><replaceable>下划线å—符</replaceable></keycap></keycombo>弹出èœå•ï¼Œç„¶åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹ç›¸åº”的访问键选择对应的èœå•é¡¹ã€‚例如，按下<keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>弹出功能èœå•ï¼Œç„¶åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap>P</keycap>选择分录交易功能。一些èœå•é¡¹ä¹Ÿæœ‰å¿«æ·é”®ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç«‹åˆ»æ‰§è¡Œç›¸åº”的功能（一般é…åˆä½¿ç”¨<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>键）。这些快æ·é”®éƒ½åœ¨å„自èœå•é¡¹çš„å³ä¾§åˆ—出。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>使用下é¢è¿™äº›æŒ‰é”®å¯ä»¥å¿«é€Ÿåœ°åœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸ç§»åŠ¨ï¼š</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycap>Tab</keycap>移动到下一列，<keycombo>
+ <keycap>Shift</keycap> <keycap>Tab</keycap>
+ </keycombo>移动到å‰ä¸€åˆ—。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycap>Home</keycap>移动到第一列，<keycap>End</keycap>移动到最åŽä¸€åˆ—。</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>或<keycap>↓</keycap>移动到下一个交易，
+ <keycap>↑</keycap>移动到上一个交易。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycap>Page Up</keycap>å‘上移动一å±ï¼Œ<keycap>Page Down</keycap>å‘下移动一å±ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para><keycombo>
+ <keycap>Shift</keycap> <keycap>Page Up</keycap>
+ </keycombo>移动到第一个交易，<keycombo>
+ <keycap>Shift</keycap> <keycap>Page Down</keycap>
+ </keycombo>移动到最åŽä¸€ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>在<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨è¿™äº›é”®ç›˜å¿«æ·é”®ï¼š</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>使用<keycap>Tab</keycap>移动到下一个列表框，<keycombo><keycap>Shift</keycap><keycap>Tab</keycap></keycombo>移动到上一个列表框。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>ä½¿ç”¨ç©ºæ ¼é”®åœ¨å·²å¯¹è´¦å’Œæœªå¯¹è´¦çŠ¶æ€é—´åˆ‡æ¢ã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>使用<keycap>↑</keycap>å’Œ<keycap>↓</keycap>选择当å‰åˆ—表框ä¸çš„å„项。</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="txns-registers-txntypes">
+ <title>简å•äº¤æ˜“还是分录交易？</title>
+
+ <para>&app;ä¸æ¯ä¸€ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“都至少有两项分录，但交易也å¯ä»¥æ‹¥æœ‰å¤šäºŽä¸¤é¡¹åˆ†å½•ã€‚åªæœ‰ä¸¤é¡¹åˆ†å½•çš„交易称为<emphasis>简å•äº¤æ˜“</emphasis>ï¼Œå› ä¸ºå®ƒåªæ¶‰åŠå½“å‰ç§‘目和å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目。涉åŠä¸‰ä¸ªæˆ–更多个科目的交易称为<emphasis>分录交易</emphasis>。</para>
+
+ <para>当账簿处于基本账簿模å¼æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 会看到影å“当å‰ç§‘目的分录汇总。对于简å•äº¤æ˜“，<guilabel>转账</guilabel>列会显示åŒå…¶<emphasis>转移</emphasis>金é¢çš„å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目。对于分录交易，<guilabel>转账</guilabel>列会显示<guilabel>-- 分录交易 --</guilabel>。选择æŸä¸€åˆ†å½•äº¤æ˜“åŽï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»å·¥å…·æ 上的分录按钮查看交易下的å„分录。</para>
+
+ <para>对于分录交易，交易的第一行是<emphasis>交易行</emphasis>，包å«<guilabel>日期</guilabel>ã€å¯é€‰çš„<guilabel>ç¼–å·</guilabel>，交易<guilabel>æè¿°</guilabel>，影å“当å‰ç§‘目的总é¢ï¼ˆæ¤å¤„çš„<guilabel>æ€»è®¡å¢žåŠ </guilabel>）和在æ¤äº¤æ˜“åŽæ–°çš„科目<guilabel>ä½™é¢</guilabel>。注æ„，当交易展开出多个分录行时，<guilabel>转账</guilabel>列头会éšè—，对应列ä¸ä¹Ÿä¸ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºç§‘ç›®å称。有关æ¤äº¤æ˜“的详细信æ¯ï¼Œéœ€è¦æŸ¥çœ‹ç»„æˆè¯¥äº¤æ˜“的独立分录。</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>科目账簿åªä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºé‚£äº›åŒ…å«å…³è”到æ¤ç§‘目的分录的交易。如果æŸäº¤æ˜“有超过一项分录关è”到æ¤ç§‘目，那么在基本账簿和自动分录视图下，该交易ä¸å¤šé¡¹ä¸Žæ¤ç§‘目关è”çš„åˆ†å½•éƒ½ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºä¸€æ¬¡ã€‚åœ¨äº¤æ˜“æ—¥å¿—è´¦è§†å›¾ä¸‹ï¼Œè¿™æ ·çš„äº¤æ˜“åªä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºä¸€æ¬¡ã€‚</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>交易行下é¢æ˜¯<emphasis>分录行</emphasis>，分录行间使用ç°è‰²çº¿æ¡åˆ†éš”。选ä¸åˆ†å½•è¡Œæ—¶ï¼Œè¡¨å¤´ä¼šå˜ä¸ºä¸Žåˆ†å½•ç›¸å…³çš„å„项。</para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title><emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目ä¸çš„薪水</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-registersplit2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_registersplit2.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†åˆ†å½•è¡¨å¤´çš„å˜åŒ–。
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>æ¯é¡¹åˆ†å½•éƒ½åŒ…å«äº†å¯é€‰çš„<guilabel>动作</guilabel>，也就是分录类型，å¯ä»¥è¾“入也å¯ä»¥ä»Žä¸‹æ‹‰åˆ—表ä¸é€‰æ‹©ã€‚分录也包å«å¯é€‰çš„用于æè¿°æ¤åˆ†å½•çš„<guilabel>备注</guilabel>。æ¯ä¸€é¡¹åˆ†å½•å½±å“一个<guilabel>科目</guilabel>，å¯ä½¿ç”¨ä¸‹æ‹‰åˆ—表在å„科目ä¸é€‰æ‹©ã€‚<guilabel>R</guilabel>列指示分录是å¦å·²ç»å¯¹è´¦ã€‚最åŽä¸¤åˆ—显示了转入或转出相应科目的金é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>æ£å¦‚我们在<xref linkend="basics-accounting1" />ä¸ä»‹ç»çš„é‚£æ ·ï¼Œæ¯é¡¹äº¤æ˜“ä¸å€Ÿæ–¹æ€»é¢ï¼ˆå·¦åˆ—）必须ç‰äºŽè´·æ–¹æ€»é¢ï¼ˆå³åˆ—）。在上é¢çš„例åä¸ï¼Œå€Ÿæ–¹æ€»é¢ç‰äºŽè´·æ–¹æ€»é¢ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥æ¤äº¤æ˜“æ˜¯å¹³è¡¡çš„ã€‚ä½ å¯èƒ½å·²ç»ç•™æ„到，交易行的借方金é¢ä¸Ž<guilabel>活期</guilabel>分录行的金é¢ç›¸åŒã€‚为什么这一金é¢ä¼šå‡ºçŽ°ä¸¤æ¬¡å‘¢ï¼Ÿå› 为交易行åªæ˜¯å¯¹æ¤äº¤æ˜“对当å‰ç§‘目影å“çš„<emphasis>总结</emphasis>。åŒä¸€ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“，在ä¸åŒçš„科目下显示的交易行也ä¸å°½ç›¸åŒï¼ŒåŒä¸€äº¤æ˜“在ä¸åŒç§‘目下显示的交易行代表对å„自科目的影å“ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥é€‰ä¸å¦ä¸€åˆ†å½•è¡Œï¼Œå†ç‚¹å‡»<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>ä¸çš„<guibutton>跳转</guibutton>按钮，æ¥è§‚察这一点。</para>
+
+ <para>在这个例åä¸ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ è·³è½¬åˆ°<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目，&app;会在<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目账簿ä¸æ˜¾ç¤ºåŒä¸€äº¤æ˜“：
+ </para>
+
+ <!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title><emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目ä¸çš„薪水</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-registersplit3">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_registersplit3.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†è·³è½¬åˆ°<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目åŽçš„ç•Œé¢ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>注æ„，交易行现在汇总的是æ¤äº¤æ˜“对<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目，而éžå¯¹<emphasis>活期</emphasis>科目的影å“ï¼Œè¿™æ˜¯å› ä¸ºä½ çŽ°åœ¨æµè§ˆçš„是<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目账簿。æ¤äº¤æ˜“下的分录是完全相åŒçš„，但现在交易行åæ˜ çš„æ˜¯å¯¹<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目的贷记。
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-registers-twoaccount2">
+ <title>简å•äº¤æ˜“的例å</title>
+
+ <para>在å‰é¢ç« 节创建的<filename>gcashdata_3</filename>的科目表基础上，åŒå‡»<guilabel>活期</guilabel>资产科目。我们现在å‘æ´»æœŸç§‘ç›®æ·»åŠ ä¸€é¡¹ç®€å•äº¤æ˜“ã€‚å½“ä½ ç¬¬ä¸€æ¬¡åœ¨&app;ä¸åˆ›å»ºç§‘目时，往往会从期åˆä½™é¢å¼€å§‹å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“æ•°æ®ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>在第一个交易行，输入日期（如 2006å¹´3月1日）ã€æ述（如<quote>期åˆä½™é¢</quote>），点击<guilabel>转账</guilabel>弹出列表并选择<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>ï¼Œæ·»åŠ 1000元的转入金é¢ï¼Œå¹¶æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap function="enter">回车</keycap>键。科目账簿现在应当如下图所示：
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>æ·»åŠ æœŸåˆä½™é¢äº¤æ˜“åŽçš„活期科目</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-register-2account">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_register_2account.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†æ’入期åˆä½™é¢äº¤æ˜“åŽçš„<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>账簿。
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>设置科目的期åˆä½™é¢æ˜¯ç®€å•åŒç§‘目交易的一个例å，æ¤äº¤æ˜“å½±å“的是<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>科目。</para>
+
+ <para>å†ä¸¾ä¸€ä¸ªç®€å•åŒç§‘目交易的例å。å†æ·»åŠ 一项交易，记录è´ä¹°äº†45.21元的æ‚货。在<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目ä¸ï¼Œè®¾ç½®<guilabel>转账</guilabel>为<emphasis>费用:æ‚è´§</emphasis>。科目账簿现在应该显示为：</para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>æ·»åŠ è´ä¹°æ‚货交易åŽçš„活期科目</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-register-2account2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_register_2account2.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†æ·»åŠ 了è´ä¹°æ‚货交易åŽçš„<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>账簿。</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-registers-multiaccount2">
+ <title>分录交易示例</title>
+
+ <para>有时需è¦åœ¨ä¸€ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“ä¸æ·»åŠ 三个或更多个分录，æ¤æƒ…况出现在需è¦å°†äº¤æ˜“ä¸çš„æ¥æºç§‘目或目的科目分拆进多个科目的时候。一个典型例åæ˜¯åœ¨æ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„æ—¶ã€‚ä½ å¸¦å›žå®¶çš„é’±å¾€å¾€å°‘äºŽæ”¯ä»˜ç»™ä½ çš„å·¥èµ„ï¼Œå…¶ä¸çš„差异是由税费ã€å…»è€ä¿é™©å’Œå…¶å®ƒäº‹é¡¹å¯¼è‡´çš„ã€‚å› æ¤ï¼Œæ”¶åˆ°å·¥èµ„这一笔交易除了<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>这两个科目外，还会涉åŠå…¶å®ƒçš„科目。</para>
+
+ <para>è¦ä»Ž<emphasis role="italic">资产:活期</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£æ·»åŠ 工资分录交易，点击新交易行并点击<guilabel>分录</guilabel>。注æ„ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ å·²ç»å°†è´¦ç°¿çª—å£è§†å›¾è®¾ç½®ä¸ºè‡ªåŠ¨åˆ†å½•æˆ–交易日志，分录行会自动展开。在第一行输入对æ¤äº¤æ˜“çš„æ述（例如“公å¸æ”¯ä»˜è–ªèµ„â€ï¼‰ã€‚在其下的分录行，é€ä¸€è¾“入组æˆæ¤äº¤æ˜“的多项分录。è¦è¾“入分录，先选择科目，å†è¾“入相应科目的å˜åŒ–金é¢ã€‚请记ä½ï¼Œåœ¨èµ„产科目ä¸ï¼Œåœ¨å·¦ä¾§è¾“入的金é¢ä¼šå¢žåŠ 科目余é¢ã€‚在å³åˆ—输入的金é¢ä¼šå‡å°‘ä½™é¢ï¼ˆè¯¦ç»†äº†è§£è¯·å‚考<xref linkend="basics-transactions2"/>）。按下<keycap>Tab</keycap>键或点击下一个分录行，é‡å¤æ¤è¿‡ç¨‹ã€‚请注æ„ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ ä½¿ç”¨é”®ç›˜åœ¨ä¸åŒäº¤æ˜“间跳转，使用<keycap>Tab</keycap>在列之间移动，使用<keycap>Enter</keycap>会确认æ¤äº¤æ˜“并在“ä¸å¹³è¡¡çš„â€ç§‘ç›®ä¸åˆ›å»ºåˆ†å½•ã€‚</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>在&app;ä¸åˆ›å»ºäº¤æ˜“时，能够以任何顺åºå½•å…¥åˆ†å½•ã€‚然而，在交易被确认之åŽï¼ˆå¯èƒ½æ˜¯è¾“å…¥å…‰æ ‡ç¦»å¼€æ¤äº¤æ˜“或者按下<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键），所有的借方分录会移动到所有贷方分录之å‰ã€‚</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>在æ¤ç¤ºä¾‹ä¸ï¼Œé€‰æ‹©å˜å…¥å·¥èµ„的科目（<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>）并输入è¦å˜å…¥çš„金é¢ï¼ˆä¾‹å¦‚670元）。éšåŽï¼Œè¾“å…¥å„ç§ç¨Žè´¹çš„金é¢ï¼š<emphasis>费用:税费:所得税</emphasis>科目，180元；<emphasis>费用:税费:医疗ä¿é™©</emphasis>科目, 90元；以åŠ<emphasis>费用:税费:社会ä¿é™©</emphasis>，60元。最终，<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目作为贷方，输入工资的总é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>最终的分录看起æ¥åº”该åƒæ˜¯<xref linkend="txns-register-multiaccount"/>。记得在录入完毕åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键。ä¸è¿‡è¦çŸ¥é“在按下<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>之åŽï¼Œåˆ†å½•è§†å›¾ä¼šâ€œæŠ˜å â€å›žç®€åŒ–的交易视图。分录ä»ç„¶å˜åœ¨ï¼Œä½ åªéœ€è¦ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>分录</guilabel>æ¥æŸ¥çœ‹è¿™äº›åˆ†å½•ã€‚å‚è§<xref linkend="txns-registers-features2"/>了解详细信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure id="txns-register-multiaccount">
+ <title>录入一笔分录交易</title>
+ <screenshot>
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_register_multiaccount.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="txns-reconcile1">
+ <title>对账</title>
+
+ <para>一旦交易录入进&app;，验è¯è¿™äº›äº¤æ˜“åŒé‡‘èžæœºæž„的记录一致就å分关键了。这一验è¯è¿‡ç¨‹è¢«ç§°ä¸º<emphasis role="strong">对账</emphasis>，是确ä¿ä½ 的记录是å¦å‡†ç¡®çš„关键。最常è§çš„æƒ…å†µæ˜¯ï¼Œä½ éœ€è¦åŒé“¶è¡Œæµæ°´å¯¹ç…§æ£€æŸ¥äº¤æ˜“，当然也å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡è¿™ä¸€è¿‡ç¨‹éªŒè¯äº¤æ˜“录入是å¦æ£ç¡®ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>&app;一直会跟踪æ¯ä¸ªäº¤æ˜“的对账状æ€ï¼Œäº¤æ˜“的对账状æ€åœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸ä½¿ç”¨å¯¹è´¦<guilabel>R</guilabel>列指示：<emphasis>y</emphasis>表示交易已ç»å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œ<emphasis>n</emphasis>表示还没有对账，<emphasis>c</emphasis>è¡¨ç¤ºå·²ç»“æ¸…ä½†æ²¡æœ‰å¯¹è´¦ã€‚æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²ç»“æ¸…çš„åˆ†å½•è¡¨ç¤ºå¾—åˆ°äº†æœºæž„å·²æŽ¥å—æŒ‡ä»¤çš„ç¡®è®¤ï¼ˆæ¯”å¦‚ï¼Œä½ æ‹¿åˆ°äº†ä½¿ç”¨ä¿¡ç”¨å¡ä»˜æ¬¾çš„é¤åŽ…收æ®ï¼‰ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>R</guilabel>列在<emphasis>n</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>c</emphasis>间切æ¢å¯¹è´¦çŠ¶æ€ï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<xref linkend="txns-reconcile-window2" />将之置为<emphasis>y</emphasis>。</para>
+
+ <para>在科目窗å£çš„底部，有两个实时更新的余é¢ï¼ˆåˆ†åˆ«æ˜¯<guilabel>已结清</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>已对账</guilabel>ä½™é¢ï¼‰ï¼Œä»¥åŠ<guilabel>åˆè®¡@</guilabel>ä½™é¢ã€‚å‰è€…å¯¹åº”äºŽé“¶è¡Œè®¤ä¸ºä½ çš„è´¦æˆ·ä¸æœ‰å¤šå°‘钱，而åŽè€…包å«äº†æœªç»“清的交易。</para>
+
+ <para>举个例åï¼Œå½“ä½ æ”¯ä»˜æŸäº›è´¹ç”¨æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 应该å‘&app;录入交易。交易的对账<guilabel>R</guilabel>列åˆå§‹ä¸º<guilabel>n</guilabel> ï¼ˆæ–°æ·»åŠ ï¼‰ã€‚æ–°å½•å…¥çš„äº¤æ˜“ä¼šæ›´æ–°åˆ°<guilabel>åˆè®¡</guilabel>ä½™é¢ä¸ã€‚éšåŽï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ æ”¶åˆ°äº†æœ‰å…³æ”¯ä»˜å·²è¢«æŽ¥å—的确认信æ¯ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»äº¤æ˜“çš„<guilabel>R</guilabel>列，将之更改为<emphasis>c</emphasis>（已结清）。在进行æ¤æ“作åŽï¼Œ<guilabel>已结清</guilabel>ä½™é¢ä¼šå˜åŒ–，将这一金é¢åŒ…括进去。在收到银行账å•åŽï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥æ‰“开对账窗å£ï¼Œå¯¹æ¯”è´¦å•å’Œå·²åœ¨&app;ä¸å½•å…¥çš„交易。æ¤æ—¶ï¼Œä½ 能够将<guilabel>R</guilabel>列更改为<emphasis>y</emphasis>（已对账）。</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>ä½ ä¸èƒ½ç›´æŽ¥åœ¨è´¦ç°¿çª—å£ä¸ç‚¹å‡»<emphasis>R</emphasis>列æ¥å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œå¿…须使用对账窗å£ã€‚ä¸€æ—¦äº¤æ˜“è¢«æ ‡è®°ä¸º<emphasis>已对账</emphasis>，就ä¸èƒ½å†ç®€å•åœ°æ›´æ”¹ï¼Œé™¤éžåœ¨ä¸‹ä¸€æ¬¡å¯¹è´¦ä¸æ•…æ„输入错误的<link linkend="rec-start-blnc"><guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel></link>。</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <warning>
+ <para>è¦å……分ç†è§£å¯¹è´¦æ˜¯é’ˆå¯¹æŸä¸€ç»™å®šçš„日期进行的，这一点å分é‡è¦ã€‚å½“ä½ æ ¹æ®æŸä¸€ç»™å®šæ—¥æœŸçš„è´¦å•å¯¹ç§‘ç›®å¯¹è´¦æ—¶ï¼Œä½ æ˜¯åœ¨å¯¹<emphasis role="strong">æ¤æ—¥æœŸä¹‹å‰çš„所有交易</emphasis>è¿›è¡Œå¯¹è´¦ã€‚å› æ¤ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ æ·»åŠ æˆ–ä¿®æ”¹ä½ æœ€åŽä¸€æ¬¡å¯¹è´¦æ—¥æœŸä¹‹å‰çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œä½ çš„<emphasis role="strong">已对账</emphasis>ä½™é¢ä¼šå›žåˆ°ä¹‹å‰çš„æ•°é¢ã€‚</para>
+ </warning>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-reconcile-window2">
+ <title>对账窗å£</title>
+
+ <para>对账窗å£ç”¨äºŽæ ¹æ®é“¶è¡Œæˆ–其它机构å‘é€ç»™ä½ çš„è´¦å•å¯¹æŸä¸€&app;科目进行对账。 对账是很有用的，ä¸ä»…å¯ä»¥æ ¹æ®é“¶è¡Œçš„记录å†æ¬¡æ ¸å¯¹è´¦ç°¿ä¸çš„交易记录，也å¯ä»¥çŸ¥é“哪些交易还未付款，如未结账的账å•ã€‚
+ <!-- but also to get a better idea of outstanding transactions, e.g. uncashed checks. -->
+ </para>
+
+ <para>è¦ä½¿ç”¨å¯¹è´¦çª—å£ï¼Œä»Žç§‘目表ä¸é€‰æ‹©ä¸€ä¸ªç§‘目并点击<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>功能</guimenu> <guimenuitem>对账</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>，会出现如下所示的窗å£ï¼Œå¯ä»¥åœ¨è¿™é‡Œè¾“入对账信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>åˆå§‹çš„对账窗å£</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-reconcile-window-1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_reconcile_window1.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>在åˆå§‹å¯¹è´¦çª—å£ä¸ï¼Œéœ€è¦è¾“入一些<guilabel>对账信æ¯</guilabel>。</para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>è´¦å•æ—¥æœŸ</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>对账所ä¾æ®è´¦å•çš„日期。</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>点击æ¤è¾“入框å³ä¾§çš„下拉ç®å¤´æ‰“开日历。</para>
+ </tip>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="rec-start-blnc">
+ <term><guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>æ¤é¡¹ä¸å¯ç¼–辑，显示å‰ä¸€æ¬¡å¯¹è´¦åŽçš„ä½™é¢ã€‚æ¤æ•°å—应当与银行账å•çš„期åˆä½™é¢ä¸€è‡´ã€‚</para>
+
+ <warning>
+ <para>有时，&app;显示的期åˆä½™é¢ä¸Žä½ 的银行账å•å¹¶ä¸ä¸€è‡´ã€‚在第一次对账，或者先å‰å·²ç»å¯¹è´¦çš„äº¤æ˜“è¢«åˆ é™¤æˆ–å–消对账的时候å¯èƒ½ä¼šå‡ºçŽ°è¿™ä¸€æƒ…况。</para>
+ </warning>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>首次对账时，<guilabel>期åˆä½™é¢</guilabel>会是<guilabel>0.00</guilabel>，所以æ¤å¤„显示的期åˆä½™é¢å¯èƒ½ä¸Žè¯¥ç§‘目的“<emphasis>期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>â€äº¤æ˜“ä¸ç›¸åŒã€‚在对科目对账时，“期åˆä½™é¢â€äº¤æ˜“ä¹Ÿåº”å½“è¢«å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œè¿™æ ·åšç»“æžœæ‰ä¼šæ˜¯å¹³è¡¡çš„。</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>如果先å‰çš„交易由于失误被å–æ¶ˆå¯¹è´¦ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥ç®€å•åœ°å’Œå½“å‰é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•è®°å½•çš„交易一起é‡æ–°å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œç»“果应该的平衡的。</para>
+
+ <para>åœ¨è¯¯åˆ é™¤ä¹‹å‰å·²ç»å¯¹è´¦çš„äº¤æ˜“æ—¶ï¼Œäº‹æƒ…æœ‰äº›æ£˜æ‰‹ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ ä¸ç¡®å®šè¢«åˆ é™¤çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œä¹Ÿæ— æ³•å°†ä¹‹å¤åŽŸåˆ°è´¦ç°¿ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦åˆ›å»ºä¸€é¡¹è™šæ‹Ÿäº¤æ˜“，以完æˆå¯¹è´¦ã€‚</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <caution>
+ <para>ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œåªæœ‰åœ¨ä¸ªäººè®°è´¦æ—¶ï¼ŒåŽä¸€ç§æƒ…况æ‰ä¸æˆé—®é¢˜ï¼›å¦‚æžœä½ æ˜¯ç¤¾å›¢æˆ–å…¬å¸çš„ä¼šè®¡å¸ˆï¼Œä½ åº”å½“å¯¹å®¡è®¡å¸ˆå¥½å¥½ä½œå‡ºè§£é‡Šã€‚</para>
+ </caution>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>期末余é¢</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>æ¤è¾“入框应当按照银行账å•æ‰€ç¤ºé‡‘é¢å¡«å†™æœŸæœ«ä½™é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>&app;会自动将科目账簿下方显示的<guilabel>当å‰</guilabel>ä½™é¢å¡«å…¥æ¤è¾“入框。</para>
+ </note>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>包å«å科目</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>è¦ä¸€å¹¶å¯¹è´¦å½“å‰æ‰€é€‰ç§‘目下的å科目的交易，请勾选æ¤é€‰é¡¹ã€‚注æ„，è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ¤åŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œå科目的商å“应当与父科目相åŒã€‚</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guibutton>输入利æ¯ä»˜æ¬¾</guibutton></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>点击æ¤æŒ‰é’®ä¼šæ‰“开新窗å£ï¼Œå¯ä»¥è¾“å…¥è¦å¯¹è´¦çš„科目的利æ¯äº¤æ˜“。</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para><guilabel>利æ¯ä»˜æ¬¾</guilabel>窗å£å¯èƒ½ä¼šåœ¨ä¸º<emphasis>银行</emphasis>ã€
+ <emphasis>信用å¡</emphasis>ã€<emphasis>å…±åŒåŸºé‡‘</emphasis>ã€
+ <emphasis>资产</emphasis>ã€<emphasis>应收账款</emphasis>ã€
+ <emphasis>应付账款</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>负债</emphasis>科目å¯åŠ¨å¯¹è´¦æ—¶è‡ªåŠ¨æ‰“å¼€ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æƒ³ä¸ºæ‰€æœ‰å…ˆå‰çš„科目ç¦ç”¨æ¤è¡Œä¸ºï¼Œå‰å¾€<guilabel>&appname;首选项</guilabel>çš„<guilabel>账簿</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼Œå¹¶å–消勾选<guilabel>自动利æ¯è½¬è´¦@</guilabel>选项。å¦å¤–，åªæ˜¯ä¸ºé€‰æ‹©çš„科目ç¦ç”¨æ¤è¡Œä¸ºï¼Œå¯åœ¨<guilabel>利æ¯ä»˜æ¬¾</guilabel>窗å£ä¸ç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>æ¤ç§‘ç›®æ— éœ€è‡ªåŠ¨åˆ©æ¯æ”¯ä»˜@</guibutton>按钮。
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <para>然åŽï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>确定</guibutton>按钮，å¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°å¯¹è´¦çª—å£ä¸åˆ—出了å„项交易：
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>对账窗å£</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-reconcile-window-2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_reconcile_window2.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>对账窗å£ä¸çš„交易列表。
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>窗å£ä¸çš„两列分别å«åš<guilabel>转入</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>转出</guilabel>，列出了属于æ¤ç§‘目的所有未对账交易，这些交易就是马上è¦å¯¹è´¦çš„。其ä¸çš„<guilabel>R</guilabel>列表示交易是å¦å·²å¯¹è´¦ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>现在，检查银行账å•ä¸çš„æ¯ä¸€é¡¹ï¼Œå¹¶åœ¨<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸å¯»æ‰¾å…¶åŒ¹é…项。</para>
+
+ <para>å¦‚æžœä½ æ‰¾ä¸åˆ°æŸé¡¹äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œä½ æˆ–è®¸æ˜¯å¿˜è®°å½•å…¥è¿™é¡¹äº¤æ˜“æˆ–ä¸çŸ¥é“这项交易已ç»å‘ç”Ÿã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>新建</guibutton>按钮或<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>交易</guimenu><guimenuitem>新建</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>èœå•é¡¹æ‰“开账簿窗å£è¾“å…¥é—æ¼çš„交易。新创建的交易会在账簿ä¸å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“åŽæŒ‰ä¸‹<guibutton>Enter</guibutton>键时在<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸å‡ºçŽ°ã€‚
+ </para>
+
+ <para>当在<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸å‘现了相应的交易时，对比æ¤äº¤æ˜“的金é¢ä¸Žé“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ä¸Šçš„金é¢ã€‚如果两者ä¸ä¸€è‡´ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½åœ¨&app;ä¸æŠŠäº¤æ˜“è¾“é”™äº†ã€‚ä½ å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>ä¸çš„<guibutton>编辑</guibutton>按钮或
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>交易</guimenu><guimenuitem>编辑</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>èœå•é¡¹æ‰“开账簿窗å£ä¿®æ£é”™è¯¯ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>如果金é¢ç›¸ç¬¦ï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¸çš„相应项。会在所选交易的<guilabel>R</guilabel>列处打上对勾。&app;会自动更新å³ä¸‹æ–¹æ€»è®¡é¢æ¿ä¸çš„金é¢ã€‚</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<keycap>上</keycap>与<keycap>下</keycap> æ–¹å‘键在ä¸åŒæ¡ç›®é—´åˆ‡æ¢ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨
+ <keycap>ç©ºæ ¼</keycap>键将æ¡ç›®æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨<keycap>Tab</keycap>键在ä¸åŒé¢æ¿é—´åˆ‡æ¢ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>接下æ¥ï¼Œå¯¹é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ä¸Šçš„æ¯ä¸€æ¡é‡å¤è¿™ä¸€æ“作，验è¯é“¶è¡Œè´¦å•çš„金é¢ç¬¦åˆ&app;ä¸ç›¸åº”交易的金é¢ï¼Œç„¶åŽå°†&app;ä¸çš„ç›¸åº”äº¤æ˜“æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ã€‚</para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>在任一é¢æ¿ä¸ï¼Œç‚¹å‡»å…¶ä¸ä¸€é¡¹äº¤æ˜“，按下<keycap>Ctrl-A</keycap>，å†æŒ‰ä¸‹<keycap>ç©ºæ ¼</keycap>，就å¯ä»¥å‹¾é€‰æˆ–å–消勾选所有交易的对账状æ€ã€‚æ¤æ“作将é¢æ¿ä¸æ‰€æœ‰äº¤æ˜“的对账状æ€ç»Ÿä¸€åˆ‡æ¢ä¸ºå‹¾é€‰æˆ–å–消勾选，å¯ä»¥é‡å¤æ¤æ“作将é¢æ¿ä¸çš„交易切æ¢ä¸ºéœ€è¦çš„状æ€ã€‚</para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>
+ <guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£çš„底部是<guilabel>å·®é¢</guilabel>统计项，对账完æˆåŽä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºä¸º<guilabel>0.00</guilabel>。如果æ¤é¡¹æ˜¾ç¤ºäº†å…¶å®ƒå€¼ï¼Œè¯´æ˜Žåœ¨&app;ä¸è¦ä¹ˆé—æ¼äº†ä¸€äº›äº¤æ˜“，è¦ä¹ˆä¸€äº›äº¤æ˜“的金é¢ä¸æ£ç¡®ã€‚（也å¯èƒ½æ˜¯é“¶è¡Œå‡ºé”™äº†ï¼Œä½†åŸºæœ¬ä¸Šä¸å¯èƒ½ã€‚）
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>一些情况下，找出科目为什么账目ä¸ç¬¦å¾ˆå›°éš¾ç”šè‡³ä¸å¯èƒ½ã€‚如果ä¸èƒ½ä¿®æ£è´¦ç°¿ä¸Žé“¶è¡Œè´¦å•ä¹‹é—´çš„差异，å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>平衡@</guibutton>æŒ‰é’®ï¼Œè‡ªåŠ¨ä»¥æ— æ³•å¯¹è´¦çš„é‡‘é¢åˆ›å»ºäº¤æ˜“æ¥ç¡®ä¿ä¸¤è€…ä½™é¢ç›¸ç¬¦ã€‚
+ </para>
+
+ <para>è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ¤åŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œå……åˆ†å¯¹è´¦ï¼ˆå°†æ‰€æœ‰ä½ èƒ½å¤Ÿè¾¨è¯†çš„äº¤æ˜“æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ï¼‰åŽï¼Œç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>平衡</guibutton>按钮。&app;会使用<emphasis>特殊科目:å¤ç«‹çš„-XXX</emphasis>科目（其ä¸â€œXXXâ€ä»£è¡¨ä½ çš„è´§å¸ï¼‰æ ¹æ®ä»å˜åœ¨çš„å·®é¢åˆ›å»ºä½™é¢å¹³è¡¡äº¤æ˜“项。æ¤æ—¶<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¼šå…³é—。é‡æ–°æ‰“开对账窗å£åŽï¼Œå¯ä»¥æ£€æŸ¥æ–°åˆ›å»ºçš„ä½™é¢å¹³è¡¡äº¤æ˜“并结æŸå¯¹è´¦è¿‡ç¨‹ã€‚</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>在将所有与银行账å•ä¸Šçš„æ¡ç›®ç›¸å¯¹åº”çš„äº¤æ˜“æ ‡è®°ä¸ºå·²å¯¹è´¦ä¸”å·®é¢ä¸º0.00时，点击<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>结æŸ</guibutton>按钮，或从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>对账</guimenu><guimenuitem>结æŸ</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>。<guilabel>对账</guilabel>窗å£ä¼šå…³é—。在账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå·²å¯¹è´¦äº¤æ˜“çš„<guilabel>R</guilabel>列会å˜ä¸º<emphasis>y</emphasis>。
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: 这一段我没看明白 -->
+ <!-- <para>
+ In this case, we have not received all the information yet, so we simply press the
+ <guibutton>Postpone</guibutton> button, so we can continue at a later stage. Observe that
+ the <guilabel>R</guilabel> column indicates we cleared (<emphasis>c</emphasis>) two
+ transactions. They have not been reconciled yet, but we have verified these two transactions
+ so they have been marked as cleared. If you look at the <emphasis>Statusbar</emphasis> at
+ the bottom of the account register, you will see a summary of what has been reconciled and
+ what has been cleared (<guilabel>Cleared:USD 954.79 Reconciled:USD 0.00</guilabel>)
+ </para> -->
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <!-- <figure>
+ <title>The Checking account after postponing the reconciliation</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-reconcile-window-3">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_reconcile_window3.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure> -->
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="txns-sxn1">
+ <title>计划交易</title>
+
+ <para>计划交易功能å¯ä»¥å¸®åŠ©åˆ›å»ºé‡å¤çš„交易，åƒæ˜¯è®¢é˜…ã€ä¿é™©æˆ–税费。使用计划交易，åªéœ€å½•å…¥ä¸€æ¬¡å…³å¿ƒçš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œè®¾ç½®å‡ ä¸ªåƒå¼€å§‹æ—¥æœŸã€é¢‘率和些许æè¿°è¿™æ ·çš„å‚数，然åŽ&app;就会告知到底什么时候计划交易会准备好创建，并在那时候创建交易。
+ </para>
+
+ <para>在这一部分的指å—ä¸ï¼Œæˆ‘们拿æ¯æœˆ28日交纳20元的互è”网接入费为例å。</para>
+
+ <para>在&app;ä¸ï¼Œæœ‰ä¸¤ç§åˆ›å»ºè®¡åˆ’交易的方å¼ï¼Œ
+ <link linkend="txns-sxn-ledger2">从账簿创建计划交易</link>或是使用
+ <link linkend="txns-sxn-editor2">计划交易编辑器</link>。
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-sxn-ledger2">
+ <title>从账簿创建计划交易</title>
+
+ <para>在账簿ä¸å½•å…¥è®¡åˆ’交易ä¸çš„第一次交易。在<guilabel>转账</guilabel>列ä¸ï¼Œè¾“å…¥<emphasis>费用:互è”网</emphasis>，如下图所示。</para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>从账簿创建计划交易的第1æ¥</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-sxn-ledger-1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_ledger1.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>由于我们还没有创建<emphasis>费用:互è”网</emphasis>科目，&app;会æ示创建æ¤ç§‘目。</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>然åŽï¼Œå³å‡»åˆšæ‰åˆ›å»ºçš„交易，选择<guilabel>计划...</guilabel> 。</para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>从账簿创建计划交易的第2æ¥</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-sxn-ledger-2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_ledger2.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>会弹出如下窗å£ï¼š</para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>从账簿创建计划交易的第3æ¥</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-sxn-ledger-3">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_ledger3.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>现在æ¥å¡«å†™è¿™äº›å‚数，我们知é“网费在æ¯æœˆ28日缴纳，下一次交费就是在下个月了（我们已ç»æ‰‹åŠ¨å½•å…¥äº†æœ¬æœˆçš„交易）：
+ </para>
+
+<!-- ToDo: unshrink -->
+ <figure>
+ <title>填写计划交易的å‚æ•°</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-sxn-ledger-4">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_ledger4.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>按钮，计划交易就创建好了。&app;现已记下了æ¤è®¡åˆ’交易，而且在下个月28日会弹出窗å£è¯¢é—®æ˜¯å¦è¦åˆ›å»ºæ–°çš„交易（å¯è§åŽæ–‡çš„截图）。</para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-sxn-editor2">
+ <title>从编辑器创建计划交易</title>
+
+ <para>录入计划交易的å¦ä¸€ç§æ–¹å¼æ˜¯é€šè¿‡<guilabel>计划交易编辑器</guilabel>ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä¸€æ¬¡æœ‰å‡ ä¸ªè®¡åˆ’äº¤æ˜“è¦åˆ›å»ºï¼Œé‚£è¿™æ ·åšä¼šå¿«äº›ã€‚</para>
+
+ <para>从科目窗å£<emphasis>èœå•æ </emphasis>，选择<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>功能</guimenu><guisubmenu>计划交易</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>计划交易编辑器@</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>。<guilabel>计划交易</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µä¼šåœ¨å½“å‰&app;窗å£ä¸æ‰“开，如下图所示：
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>ç©ºç™½çš„è®¡åˆ’äº¤æ˜“æ ‡ç¾é¡µ</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-sxn-editor-2">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_editor-2.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>空白的<guilabel>计划交易</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µ
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>æ¤æ ‡ç¾é¡µåŒ…å«ä¸€ä»½åˆ—表（现在是空的），其ä¸ä¼šåˆ—出全部已创建的计划交易。先æ¥åˆ›å»ºæ–°çš„计划交易，点击<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>ä¸çš„<guibutton>新建</guibutton>按钮，会弹出如下所示的新窗å£ï¼š
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title><guilabel>编辑计划交易</guilabel>窗å£çš„<guilabel>概览</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µ</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-sxn-editor-3-overview">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-overview.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-overview.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para><guimenuitem>编辑计划交易</guimenuitem>窗å£ï¼Œ<guilabel>概览</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µ
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>首先，在窗å£ä¸Šéƒ¨ä¸ºæ–°å»ºçš„计划交易输入一个åå—。</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>这个åå—仅用于在<guilabel>编辑计划交易</guilabel>窗å£ä¸åŒºåˆ†ä¸åŒçš„计划交易，从ä¸ä¼šå‡ºçŽ°åœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para><guilabel>概览</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µçš„<guilabel>选项</guilabel>é¢æ¿æ供了四个选项：
+ </para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>å¯ç”¨</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>设置计划交易的状æ€ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>自动创建</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>若勾选，&app;会ä¸ç»æå‰è¯¢é—®è€Œæ’å…¥æ¤äº¤æ˜“（详è§ä¸‹æ–‡ï¼‰ã€‚如果需è¦ï¼Œå‹¾é€‰<guilabel>在创建时通知我</guilabel>选项，æ¥åœ¨äº¤æ˜“被录入时获得æ示。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>æå‰åˆ›å»º</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>设置交易è¦æå‰å¤šå°‘天创建。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>æå‰æ醒</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>设置è¦æå‰å¤šå°‘天æ醒。æ¤åŠŸèƒ½æœ‰å¾ˆå¤šç”¨å¤„ï¼Œä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œå½“ä½ éœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨æ”¯ç¥¨æ”¯ä»˜è´¹ç”¨çš„时候，æå‰ä¸€å‘¨æé†’æœ‰åŠ©äºŽä½ åœ¨æˆªæ¢æ—¥æœŸå‰é€å‡ºæ”¯ç¥¨ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <para>设置<guilabel>执行</guilabel>é¢æ¿å¯ä»¥å‘Šè¯‰&app;计划交易ä¸ä¼šæ°¸è¿œæŒç»ä¸‹åŽ»ã€‚ä¾‹å¦‚å¦‚æžœä½ åœ¨å¿è¿˜è´·æ¬¾ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥è¾“入还款结æŸæ—¥æœŸæˆ–贷款剩余期数。
+ </para>
+
+ <para>现在选择<guilabel>编辑计划交易</guilabel>窗å£ä¸çš„<guilabel>频率</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µã€‚æ¤å¤„å¯ä»¥è®¾ç½®ä¸Žæ—¶é—´ç›¸å…³çš„选项。
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title><guilabel>编辑计划交易</guilabel>窗å£çš„<guilabel>频率</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µ</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-sxn-editor-3-frequency">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-frequency.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-frequency.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para><guimenuitem>编辑计划交易</guimenuitem>窗å£ï¼Œ<guilabel>频率</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µ
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>频率</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>设置交易的基本频率，æ供的选项有<guilabel>å•æ¬¡</guilabel>ã€
+ <guilabel>æ¯å¤©</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>æ¯å‘¨</guilabel>ã€
+ <guilabel>æ¯åŠæœˆ</guilabel>å’Œ<guilabel>æ¯æœˆ</guilabel>。在æ¤ä¾‹ä¸ï¼Œæˆ‘们设为<guilabel>æ¯æœˆ</guilabel>。
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>也å¯ä»¥æ›´æ”¹<guilabel>æ¯â€¦</guilabel>选项，将交易的å‘生周期设为<guilabel>频率</guilabel>ä¸æ‰€ç»™é€‰é¡¹ä»¥å¤–的值，详è§ä¸‹æ–‡ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>起始日期</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>设置交易开始时间。在æ¤ä¾‹ä¸è®¾ä¸ºä¸‹ä¸ªæœˆã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>æ¯â€¦</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>æ¤é€‰é¡¹å¯ä»¥å€ä¹˜<guilabel>频率</guilabel>选项设置的交易周期。例如，è¦æ¯3周执行交易，将<guilabel>频率</guilabel>设为<guilabel>æ¯å‘¨</guilabel>å†å°†<guilabel>æ¯â€¦å‘¨</guilabel>设为<guilabel>3</guilabel>。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><guilabel>在</guilabel>和<guilabel>排除周末</guilabel></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>设置交易计划在月ä¸çš„哪一天，并控制当那一天是周末时&app;æ€Žæ ·å¤„ç†ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>我们知é“网费在æ¯æœˆ28å·äº¤ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥<guilabel>起始日期</guilabel>是11月1å·ï¼ˆå‡è®¾ä¸‹ä¸ªæœˆæ˜¯11月），<guilabel>频率</guilabel>是<guilabel>æ¯æœˆ</guilabel>。由于在æ¤ä¾‹ä¸ï¼Œä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨æ·»åŠ ç½‘è´¹äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥æ— éœ€æå‰åˆ›å»ºï¼Œä¹Ÿä¸ç”¨ç»™å‡ºç»“æŸæ—¥æœŸã€‚
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>当æ¤æ ‡ç¾é¡µä¸çš„选项被填充åŽï¼Œ&app;会在下方的日历ä¸æ ‡è®°å‡ºå°†æ¥çš„交易会在哪些日期执行。
+ </para>
+
+ <para>最åŽé€‰æ‹©<guilabel>交易模æ¿@</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼Œåœ¨ä¸‹æ–¹åƒåœ¨è´¦ç°¿ä¸é‚£æ ·å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“，åªæ˜¯ä¸å¡«æ—¥æœŸã€‚别忘了点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>å›¾æ ‡ä»¥ç¡®è®¤å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“ã€‚
+ </para>
+
+ <para>çŽ°åœ¨ï¼Œä½ çœ‹åˆ°çš„çª—å£åº”该åƒè¿™æ ·ï¼š
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title><guilabel>编辑计划交易</guilabel>窗å£çš„<guilabel>交易模æ¿</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µ</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-sxn-editor-3-template">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject role="html">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-template.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" width="&img-w;"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ <imageobject role="fo">
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-template.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para><guimenuitem>编辑计划交易</guimenuitem>窗å£ï¼Œ<guilabel>交易模æ¿</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µ
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>现在点击<guibutton>确定</guibutton>，回到<guilabel>计划交易</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼ŒçŽ°åœ¨<guilabel>交易</guilabel>列表ä¸ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºåˆšæ‰æ·»åŠ 的计划交易。
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>最终录入的计划交易</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-sxn-editor-4">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_editor-4.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>点击日历区域ä¸çš„æŸå¤©ï¼Œä¸€ä¸ªè·Ÿéšé¼ æ ‡çš„å°çª—å£ä¼šæ˜¾ç¤ºé¼ æ ‡æŒ‡å‘的这天有哪些计划的交易。å†æ¬¡ç‚¹å‡»é¼ æ ‡éšè—å°çª—å£ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <para>现在å¯ä»¥å…³é—<guilabel>计划交易</guilabel>æ ‡ç¾é¡µï¼Œå¹¶<guilabel>ä¿å˜</guilabel>账簿。
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>下文是解释性的æ述，ä¸ä»£è¡¨å½“下就会录入&app;æ•°æ®åº“。在æ¯ä¸€æ¬¡è®¡åˆ’交易è¿è¡Œæ—¶ï¼Œä¸‹é¢çš„对è¯æ¡†å°±ä¼šå‡ºçŽ°ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>从现在开始，当&app;å¯åŠ¨ä¸”计划好的交易需è¦å½•å…¥æ—¶ï¼Œä¼šçœ‹åˆ°<guilabel>自从上次è¿è¡Œâ€¦</guilabel>窗å£ï¼Œå…¶ä¸æ±‡æ€»äº†è®¡åˆ’好的交易æ“作（<guilabel>æ醒</guilabel>ã€<guilabel>å°†è¦åˆ›å»º</guilabel>ç‰ç‰ï¼Œ&app;手册对æ¯ä¸€é€‰é¡¹è¿›è¡Œäº†æ›´è¯¦ç»†çš„介ç»ï¼‰ï¼š
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>计划交易弹出æ醒</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-sxn-editor-slr">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_sxn_editor_slr.png"
+ srccredit="Cristian Marchi" />
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>若需è¦ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>状æ€</guilabel>列更改计划交易状æ€ã€‚然åŽç‚¹å‡»<guibutton>确定</guibutton>å…³é—
+ <guilabel>自从上次è¿è¡Œâ€¦</guilabel>窗å£å¹¶åº”用接下æ¥çš„æ“作。点击<guilabel>å–消</guilabel>跳过接下æ¥å½•å…¥è´¦ç°¿çš„æ“作。
+ </para>
+
+ <para>如果<guilabel>状æ€</guilabel>列设为<guilabel>将创建@</guilabel>，查看银行科目账簿，会å‘现交易已ç»è¢«åˆ›å»ºäº†ã€‚
+ </para>
+
+ <tip>
+ <para>若勾选<guilabel>自从上次è¿è¡Œâ€¦</guilabel>窗å£å³ä¸‹è§’<guilabel>查看创建的交易</guilabel>选项，点击<guibutton>确定</guibutton>åŽï¼Œ&app;会自动打开录入计划交易的æ¯ä¸ªç§‘目。
+ </para>
+ </tip>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>å¦‚æžœä½ åˆ°è¿™ä¸€æ¥å½•å…¥äº†4月28å·çš„交易，请<emphasis>æ¢å¤</emphasis>到最åŽä¿å˜çš„&app;文件，选择
+ <menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>文件</guimenu><guimenuitem>打开</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>并选择之å‰ä¿å˜çš„<filename>gcashdata_3</filename> &app; 文件。
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="txns-puttoget1">
+ <title>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥</title>
+
+ <para>æœ¬ç« å‰é¢çš„å°èŠ‚讨论了处ç†äº¤æ˜“的概念和方法。这一部分会以之å‰ç« 节构建的科目表为基础进行拓展，包括设置期åˆä½™é¢ã€æ·»åŠ 交易和计划交易。
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-puttoget-openfile">
+ <title>打开&app;文件</title>
+
+ <para>先是打开之å‰å˜å‚¨çš„æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶<filename>gcashdata_3emptyAccts</filename>，并直接将之å˜å‚¨ä¸º<filename>gcashdata_4</filename>。主窗å£åº”当如下图所示：
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>æ¥æ¥ä¸ºè¥çš„起点</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-puttoget1-Charts">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_puttoget_Charts.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†æœ¬å°èŠ‚æ“作的最åˆçŠ¶æ€ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-puttoget-open2">
+ <title>期åˆä½™é¢</title>
+
+ <para>æ£å¦‚å‰æ–‡<xref linkend="txns-registers-twoaccount2"/>以<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>为例所述，科目的期åˆä½™é¢äº¤æ˜“一般设<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>为其转账科目。è¦ä¸ºç§‘ç›®è¡¨æ·»åŠ äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œå°±ç”±ä¸ºç§‘ç›®è®¾ç½®æœŸåˆä½™é¢å¼€å§‹ã€‚å‡å®šå‚¨è“„科目ä¸æœ‰1000元余é¢ï¼Œä¿¡ç”¨å¡æœ‰500å…ƒçš„æ¬ æ¬¾ã€‚
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>打开<emphasis>资产:储蓄</emphasis>科目账簿。从èœå•ä¸é€‰æ‹©<guimenu>查看</guimenu>确定处于基本账簿模å¼ä¸‹ã€‚åŽæ–‡ä¼šä»¥å…¶å®ƒæ¨¡å¼æŸ¥çœ‹äº¤æ˜“，但现在先使用默认的基本模å¼å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>在<emphasis>资产:储蓄</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥ä¸€é¡¹åŸºæœ¬çš„åŒç§‘目交易，将期åˆä½™é¢è®¾ä¸º1000元，从<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>转账。记ä½ï¼ŒåŸºæœ¬äº¤æ˜“是在å•ä¸ªæ¥æºç§‘目和å•ä¸ªç›®çš„科目之间进行转账。然åŽç¡®è®¤äº¤æ˜“（按<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键或点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>å›¾æ ‡ï¼‰ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>在<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥ä¸€ç¬”基本的åŒç§‘目交易，将期åˆä½™é¢è®¾ä¸º1000元，从<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>转账。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>在<emphasis>负债:信用å¡</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£ä¸ï¼Œå½•å…¥åŸºæœ¬çš„åŒç§‘目交易，将期åˆä½™é¢è®¾ä¸º500元，从<emphasis>所有者æƒç›Š:期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>转账。æ¤æ“作将500元录入为<emphasis>信用å¡</emphasis>ç§‘ç›®è´Ÿå€ºçš„å¢žåŠ ï¼ˆæˆ–è€…è¯´æ˜¯<emphasis>期åˆä½™é¢</emphasis>科目金é¢å‡å°‘ï¼‰ï¼Œå› ä¸ºè¿™æ˜¯ä½ å€Ÿå…¥çš„ä¸€ç¬”é’±ã€‚ç„¶åŽç¡®è®¤äº¤æ˜“（按<keycap function="enter">Enter</keycap>键或点击<guibutton>确认</guibutton>å›¾æ ‡ï¼‰ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>ä½ çŽ°åœ¨åº”è¯¥å·²ç»è®¾ç½®å¥½äº†3个科目的期åˆä½™é¢ï¼Œåˆ†åˆ«æ˜¯<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>ã€<emphasis>资产:储蓄</emphasis>å’Œ<emphasis>负债:信用å¡</emphasis>。
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>设置期åˆä½™é¢åŽçš„科目表</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-puttoget1-Charts1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_puttoget_Charts1.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†è®¾ç½®æœŸåˆä½™é¢åŽçš„结果。
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-puttoget-add2">
+ <title>更多交易示例</title>
+
+ <para>接下æ¥æ·»åŠ 更多的交易以模拟一个月内的花销。在这个月里，电费花了78元，è¯è´¹èŠ±äº†45元，房租花了350元，这些都是用银行活期账户支付的。我们也花了45.21å…ƒè´ç½®æ‚货，收到了670元的薪水，也支付了这个月的网费。最åŽï¼Œä»Žå‚¨è“„账户å‘活期账户转账100元。
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>打开<emphasis>费用:电费</emphasis>科目账簿，录入一项简å•çš„åŒç§‘目交易，内容为本月末（如：2006å¹´3月28日）支付78元的电费。输入æ述（如：国家电网）和交易编å·ï¼ˆå¦‚：102）。<guilabel>转账</guilabel>科目应当为<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>打开<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目，并录入一项简å•çš„åŒç§‘目交易，在本月末（如：2006å¹´3月28日）支付45元的电è¯è´¹ã€‚输入æ述（如：ä¸å›½ç§»åŠ¨ï¼‰å’Œäº¤æ˜“ç¼–å·ï¼ˆå¦‚：103）。<guilabel>转账</guilabel>科目应当为<emphasis>费用:è¯è´¹</emphasis>。注æ„ä½ æ—¢å¯ä»¥ä»Žå€Ÿæ–¹ï¼ˆèŠ±è´¹ç§‘目）录入这项支出交易，也å¯ä»¥ä»Žè´·æ–¹ï¼ˆèµ„产科目）录入。@
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>打开<emphasis>费用:房租</emphasis>科目，录入一项简å•çš„åŒç§‘目交易，在本月末支付350元的租金（如：2006å¹´3月28日）。输入æ述（如：四月房租）和交易编å·ï¼ˆå¦‚：104）。<guilabel>转账</guilabel>科目应当为<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>使用<emphasis>工具æ </emphasis>上的<guibutton>创建副本@</guibutton>按钮å¤åˆ¶æ¤äº¤æ˜“。先点击当å‰çš„房租交易，å†ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>创建副本</guilabel>å›¾æ ‡ã€‚è¾“å…¥çš„äº¤æ˜“æ—¥æœŸä¸ºä»Žä»Šå¾€åŽä¸€ä¸ªæœˆï¼ˆå¦‚：2006å¹´4月28å·ï¼‰ã€‚注æ„&app;使用è“色的线æ¡æŠŠå°†æ¥çš„交易从当å‰äº¤æ˜“ä¸åˆ†éš”å¼€æ¥ã€‚è¿™æ ·ä¸€æ¥ï¼Œå¯ä»¥åœ¨äº¤æ˜“实际å‘生之å‰å°±å½•å…¥äº¤æ˜“。
+ </para>
+
+ <para>ä½ ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥è®¾ç½®è®¡åˆ’äº¤æ˜“è®°å½•æˆ¿ç§Ÿæ”¯å‡ºï¼Œå› ä¸ºåœ¨å¯é¢„è§çš„å°†æ¥ï¼Œæˆ¿ç§Ÿé‡‘é¢å¤§æ¦‚是ä¸å˜çš„。
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>先点击当å‰ï¼ˆ4月28日）的房租交易，å†ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>计划</guilabel>å›¾æ ‡ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>更改为<guilabel>æ¯æœˆ</guilabel>，如果需è¦ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥æ›´æ”¹æ述，点击<guibutton>确定</guibutton>。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>è¦ä»Žå‚¨è“„账户把钱转到活期账户，打开<emphasis>资产:储蓄</emphasis>ç§‘ç›®è´¦ç°¿ï¼Œæ·»åŠ ä¸€é¡¹æ–°çš„äº¤æ˜“ï¼Œå°†å…¶<guilabel>转账</guilabel>设为<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>，金é¢ä¸º100元（日期为2006å¹´3月6日）。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>æ·»åŠ å¦ä¸€é¡¹äº¤æ˜“æè¿°å‘生在3月5å·ä»·å€¼45.21元的æ‚è´§è´ä¹°ï¼Œè¿™æ˜¯ç®€å•åŒç§‘目交易的å¦ä¸€ä¸ªä¾‹å。在<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目ä¸ï¼Œå°†<guilabel>转账</guilabel>设为<emphasis>费用:æ‚è´§</emphasis>。
+ <!-- As another example of a simple 2 account transaction, add another transaction to describe the
+ purchase of $45.21 worth of groceries on 5 of March. From within the
+ <emphasis>Assets:Checking</emphasis> account, you would set
+ <guilabel>Transfer</guilabel> to <emphasis>Expenses:Groceries</emphasis>. The account
+ register should now appear: -->
+ <!-- ToDo: 下é¢æ˜¯æ¼äº†ä»€ä¹ˆå›¾ç‰‡å— -->
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>è¦ä»Ž<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>科目账簿窗å£æ·»åŠ 薪资交易，点击新交易行，å†ç‚¹å‡»<guilabel>分录</guilabel>。首先在第一行输入交易æ述（如：“公å¸å‘放工资â€ï¼‰ä»¥åŠæ—¥æœŸï¼ˆ3月14日）。在下方的分录行ä¸ï¼Œè¾“å…¥å‘<emphasis>资产:活期</emphasis>å˜å…¥çš„金é¢ï¼ˆå¦‚：670元）。其åŽå½•å…¥å¤šç¬”税费缴纳分录：<emphasis>费用:税费:所得税</emphasis>（如：180元）ã€<emphasis>费用:税费:医ä¿</emphasis>（如：90元）和<emphasis>费用:税费:社ä¿</emphasis>（如：60元）。最åŽï¼Œå½•å…¥è‡ª<emphasis>收入:薪资</emphasis>科目的å–出转账，金é¢ä¸ºè–ªèµ„的原总é¢ï¼ˆå¦‚：1000元）。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>ä½ ä¹Ÿéœ€è¦è®°å½•æœ¬æœˆ28å·æ”¯å‡ºäº†20元网费。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>æ·»åŠ å¤šé¡¹äº¤æ˜“åŽçš„科目表</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-puttoget2-Charts1">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_puttoget_Charts2.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†<xref linkend="chapter_txns" />ç« èŠ‚åŽçš„期末余é¢ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-puttoget-save">
+ <title>ä¿å˜æ–‡ä»¶</title>
+
+ <para>在接下æ¥ä»‹ç»æŠ¥å‘ŠåŠŸèƒ½ä¹‹å‰ï¼Œå…ˆä¿å˜&app;æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ï¼ˆ<filename>gcashdata_4</filename>）。
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="txns-puttoget-reports">
+ <title>报告</title>
+
+ <para>ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œåœ¨ç”µè„‘å±å¹•ä¸Šå±•ç¤ºè¿™äº›æ•°æ®å¹¶ä¸ä¼šè®©ä¼šè®¡å¸ˆæ»¡æ„ï¼Œå› æ¤&app;æ供了大é‡å¯é«˜åº¦è‡ªå®šä¹‰çš„报表。
+ </para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>有关报表的更多信æ¯å¯è§@<xref linkend="chapter_reports" />。</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>å…ˆæ¥çœ‹çœ‹<guilabel>现金æµé‡</guilabel>报表和<guilabel>交易汇总</guilabel>报表。
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>首先æ¥çœ‹ä¸‰æœˆä»½çš„<guilabel>现金æµé‡</guilabel>报表。
+ </para>
+
+ <para>从<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>报表</guimenu> <guisubmenu>收入与花费@</guisubmenu>
+ <guimenuitem>现金æµé‡è¡¨@</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>å¯ä»¥æ‰“开现金æµé‡è¡¨ã€‚
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>三月份的现金æµé‡è¡¨</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-puttoget2-Cash">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_CashFlow.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†æŒ‰<xref linkend="chapter_txns" />ç« èŠ‚æ“作åŽå¾—到的现金æµé‡è¡¨ã€‚
+ </para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+
+ <para>è¦è‡ªå®šä¹‰æŠ¥è¡¨ï¼Œåœ¨æŠ¥è¡¨ä¸å³å‡»å¹¶é€‰æ‹©<guilabel>报表选项</guilabel>，然åŽè®¾ç½®èµ·æ¢æ—¥æœŸå¹¶æŒ‡å®šæƒ³åœ¨æŠ¥è¡¨ä¸å±•ç¤ºçš„科目。
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>现在æ¥çœ‹æ´»æœŸç§‘目的交易汇总表。</para>
+
+ <para>从<menuchoice>
+ <guimenu>报表</guimenu> <guimenuitem>交易汇总表@</guimenuitem>
+ </menuchoice>打开交易汇总表。
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>三月份期间活期科目的交易汇总表</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-puttoget2-TransactionRptChecking">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_TransactionRptChecking.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ä¸‰æœˆä»½æœŸé—´æ´»æœŸç§‘目的交易汇总表。</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>现在更改交易汇总表，仅展示å„个费用科目。
+ </para>
+
+ <figure>
+ <title>三月份期间费用科目的交易汇总表</title>
+ <screenshot id="txns-puttoget2-TransactionRptExpenses">
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="figures/txns_TransactionRptExpenses.png"
+ srccredit="Bengt Thuree" />
+ </imageobject>
+ <caption>
+ <para>æ¤å›¾å±•ç¤ºäº†ä¸‰æœˆä»½æœŸé—´è´¹ç”¨ç§‘目的交易汇总表。</para>
+ </caption>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </screenshot>
+ </figure>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+</sect1>
diff --git a/zh/guide/fdl-appendix.xml b/zh/guide/fdl-appendix.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..606f05fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/fdl-appendix.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE appendix SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ The GNU Free Documentation License 1.1 in DocBook
+ Markup by Eric Baudais <baudais at okstate.edu>
+ Maintained by the GNOME Documentation Project
+ http://developer.gnome.org/projects/gdp
+ Version: 1.0.1
+ Last Modified: Nov 16, 2000
+-->
+<appendix id="fdl">
+ <appendixinfo>
+ <releaseinfo>
+ Version 1.1, March 2000
+ </releaseinfo>
+
+ <copyright>
+ <year>2000</year><holder>Free Software Foundation, Inc.</holder>
+ </copyright>
+
+ <legalnotice id="fdl-legalnotice">
+ <para><address>Free Software Foundation, Inc. <street>59 Temple Place,
+ Suite 330</street>, <city>Boston</city>, <state>MA</state>
+ <postcode>02111-1307</postcode> <country>USA</country></address>
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but
+ changing it is not allowed.
+ </para>
+ </legalnotice>
+ </appendixinfo>
+
+ <title>GNU Free Documentation License</title>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-preamble">
+ <title>0. PREAMBLE</title>
+
+ <para>The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other written document
+ <quote>free</quote> in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy
+ and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
+ Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their
+ work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This License is a kind of <quote>copyleft</quote>, which means that derivative works of the document
+ must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License,
+ which is a copyleft license designed for free software.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free
+ software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same
+ freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can
+ be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a
+ printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or
+ reference.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-section1">
+ <title>1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</title>
+
+ <para id="fdl-document">This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a notice placed by the copyright
+ holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. The
+ <quote>Document</quote>, below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is
+ a licensee, and is addressed as <quote>you</quote>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para id="fdl-modified">A <quote>Modified Version</quote> of the Document means any work containing the Document or a
+ portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another
+ language.
+ </para>
+
+ <para id="fdl-secondary">A <quote>Secondary Section</quote> is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> that deals exclusively with the
+ relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document’s overall
+ subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that
+ overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a
+ Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of
+ historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial,
+ philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.
+ </para>
+
+ <para id="fdl-invariant">The <quote>Invariant Sections</quote> are certain <link
+ linkend="fdl-secondary"> Secondary
+ Sections</link> whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the
+ notice that says that the <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> is released under
+ this License.
+ </para>
+
+ <para id="fdl-cover-texts">The <quote>Cover Texts</quote> are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover
+ Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> is released under this License.
+ </para>
+
+ <para id="fdl-transparent">A <quote>Transparent</quote> copy of the <link
+ linkend="fdl-document"> Document</link> means a
+ machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general
+ public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and straightforwardly with generic
+ text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some
+ widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for
+ automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy
+ made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup has been designed to thwart or
+ discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is not
+ <quote>Transparent</quote> is called <quote>Opaque</quote>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo
+ input format, LaTeX input format, <acronym>SGML</acronym> or <acronym>XML</acronym> using a
+ publicly available <acronym>DTD</acronym>, and standard-conforming simple
+ <acronym>HTML</acronym> designed for human modification. Opaque formats include PostScript,
+ PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors,
+ <acronym>SGML</acronym> or <acronym>XML</acronym> for which the <acronym>DTD</acronym> and/or
+ processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated
+ <acronym>HTML</acronym> produced by some word processors for output purposes only.
+ </para>
+
+ <para id="fdl-title-page">The <quote>Title Page</quote> means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following
+ pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the
+ title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, <quote>Title
+ Page</quote> means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work’s title,
+ preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-section2">
+ <title>2. VERBATIM COPYING</title>
+
+ <para>You may copy and distribute the <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> in any medium,
+ either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and
+ the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies,
+ and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
+ technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you
+ make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you
+ distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-section3">section 3</link>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display
+ copies.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-section3">
+ <title>3. COPYING IN QUANTITY</title>
+
+ <para>If you publish printed copies of the <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> numbering
+ more than 100, and the Document’s license notice requires
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link>, you must enclose the copies in
+ covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front
+ cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly
+ identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title
+ with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the
+ covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the
+ title of the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> and satisfy these conditions, can be
+ treated as verbatim copying in other respects.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first
+ ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto
+ adjacent pages.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If you publish or distribute <link
+ linkend="fdl-transparent">Opaque</link> copies of the
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> numbering more than 100, you must either
+ include a machine-readable <link
+ linkend="fdl-transparent">Transparent</link> copy along
+ with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a publicly-accessible
+ computer-network location containing a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of
+ added material, which the general network-using public has access to download anonymously at
+ no charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the latter option, you must take
+ reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
+ that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least
+ one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or
+ retailers) of that edition to the public.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
+ <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> well before redistributing any large number of
+ copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-section4">
+ <title>4. MODIFICATIONS</title>
+
+ <para>You may copy and distribute a <link
+ linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> of the
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> under the conditions of sections
+ <link linkend="fdl-section2">2</link> and <link
+ linkend="fdl-section3">3</link> above,
+ provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
+ Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the
+ Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in
+ the Modified Version:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist mark="opencircle">
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>A</title>
+
+ <para>Use in the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title Page</link> (and on the covers, if any) a title
+ distinct from that of the <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, and from
+ those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History
+ section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the
+ original publisher of that version gives permission.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>B</title>
+
+ <para>List on the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title Page</link>, as authors, one or more persons or
+ entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the
+ <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>, together with at least five of the
+ principal authors of the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> (all of its
+ principal authors, if it has less than five).
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>C</title>
+
+ <para>State on the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title Page</link> the name of the publisher of the
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>, as the publisher.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>D</title>
+
+ <para>Preserve all the copyright notices of the <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>E</title>
+
+ <para>Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>F</title>
+
+ <para>Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to
+ use the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> under the terms of this
+ License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>G</title>
+
+ <para>Preserve in that license notice the full lists of <link
+ linkend="fdl-invariant"> Invariant
+ Sections</link> and required <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link> given in
+ the <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document’s</link> license notice.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>H</title>
+
+ <para>Include an unaltered copy of this License.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>I</title>
+
+ <para>Preserve the section entitled <quote>History</quote>, and its title, and add to it an item stating
+ at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version </link>as given on the
+ <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title Page</link>. If there is no section entitled
+ <quote>History</quote> in the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, create one
+ stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title
+ Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous
+ sentence.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>J</title>
+
+ <para>Preserve the network location, if any, given in the
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> for public access to a
+ <link linkend="fdl-transparent">Transparent</link> copy of the Document, and likewise
+ the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These
+ may be placed in the <quote>History</quote> section. You may omit a network location for
+ a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the
+ original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>K</title>
+
+ <para>In any section entitled <quote>Acknowledgements</quote> or <quote>Dedications</quote>, preserve the
+ section’s title, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of
+ the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>L</title>
+
+ <para>Preserve all the <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> of the
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, unaltered in their text and in their
+ titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>M</title>
+
+ <para>Delete any section entitled <quote>Endorsements</quote>. Such a section may not be included in the
+ <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <formalpara>
+ <title>N</title>
+
+ <para>Do not retitle any existing section as <quote>Endorsements</quote> or to conflict in title with any
+ <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Section</link>.
+ </para>
+ </formalpara>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>If the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> includes new front-matter sections or
+ appendices that qualify as <link linkend="fdl-secondary">Secondary Sections</link> and contain
+ no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these
+ sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> in the Modified Version’s
+ license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You may add a section entitled <quote>Endorsements</quote>, provided it contains nothing but
+ endorsements of your <link
+ linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> by various
+ parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an
+ organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You may add a passage of up to five words as a <link
+ linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover
+ Text</link>, and a passage of up to 25 words as a
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover Text</link>, to the end of the list of
+ <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link> in the
+ <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and
+ one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If
+ the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> already includes a cover text for the same
+ cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on
+ behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission
+ from the previous publisher that added the old one.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The author(s) and publisher(s) of the <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> do not by
+ this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply
+ endorsement of any <link
+ linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version </link>.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-section5">
+ <title>5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS</title>
+
+ <para>You may combine the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> with other documents released under
+ this License, under the terms defined in <link linkend="fdl-section4">section 4</link> above
+ for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
+ <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> of all of the original documents,
+ unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license
+ notice.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical
+ <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> may be replaced with a single copy. If
+ there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the
+ title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the
+ original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same
+ adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of
+ the combined work.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled <quote>History</quote> in the various
+ original documents, forming one section entitled <quote>History</quote>; likewise combine any
+ sections entitled <quote>Acknowledgements</quote>, and any sections entitled
+ <quote>Dedications</quote>. You must delete all sections entitled <quote>Endorsements.</quote>
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-section6">
+ <title>6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</title>
+
+ <para>You may make a collection consisting of the <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> and
+ other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License
+ in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that
+ you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all
+ other respects.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>You may extract a single document from such a collection, and dispbibute it individually under this
+ License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow
+ this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-section7">
+ <title>7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</title>
+
+ <para>A compilation of the <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> or its derivatives with
+ other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
+ distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
+ Version</link> of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the
+ compilation. Such a compilation is called an <quote>aggregate</quote>, and this License does
+ not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled with the Document , on account of
+ their being thus compiled, if they are not themselves derivative works of the Document. If the
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Text</link> requirement of
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-section3">section 3</link> is applicable to these copies of the
+ Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter of the entire aggregate, the
+ Document’s Cover Texts may be placed on covers that surround only the Document within
+ the aggregate. Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-section8">
+ <title>8. TRANSLATION</title>
+
+ <para>Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> under the terms of
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-section4">section 4</link>. Replacing
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-invariant"> Invariant Sections</link> with translations requires
+ special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or
+ all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You
+ may include a translation of this License provided that you also include the original English
+ version of this License. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original
+ English version of this License, the original English version will prevail.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-section9">
+ <title>9. TERMINATION</title>
+
+ <para>You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> except as expressly provided for under this
+ License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and
+ will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have
+ received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses
+ terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-section10">
+ <title>10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</title>
+
+ <para>The <ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/fsf/fsf.html">Free Software Foundation</ulink> may publish new,
+ revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
+ will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new
+ problems or concerns. See
+ <ulink
+ url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/</ulink>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the
+ <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> specifies that a particular numbered version of
+ this License <quote>or any later version</quote> applies to it, you have the option of
+ following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version
+ that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does
+ not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
+ as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="fdl-using">
+ <title>Addendum</title>
+
+ <para>To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document
+ and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page:
+ </para>
+
+ <blockquote>
+ <para>Copyright YEAR YOUR NAME.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU
+ Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software
+ Foundation; with the <link
+ linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> being LIST
+ THEIR TITLES, with the <link
+ linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Texts</link> being LIST,
+ and with the <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover Texts</link> being LIST. A copy of
+ the license is included in the section entitled <quote>GNU Free Documentation
+ License</quote>.
+ </para>
+ </blockquote>
+
+ <para>If you have no <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link>, write <quote>with no
+ Invariant Sections</quote> instead of saying which ones are invariant. If you have no
+ <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Texts</link>, write <quote>no Front-Cover
+ Texts</quote> instead of <quote>Front-Cover Texts being LIST</quote>; likewise for
+ <link
+ linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover Texts</link>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we recommend releasing these examples
+ in parallel under your choice of free software license, such as the
+ <ulink url="&url-gpl;">GNU General Public License</ulink>,
+ to permit their use in free software.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+</appendix>
diff --git a/zh/guide/fdl.txt b/zh/guide/fdl.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b42936be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/fdl.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+ GNU Free Documentation License
+ Version 1.1, March 2000
+
+ Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+
+0. PREAMBLE
+
+The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
+written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone
+the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without
+modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily,
+this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get
+credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for
+modifications made by others.
+
+This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
+works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
+complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
+license designed for free software.
+
+We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
+software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
+program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
+software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
+it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
+whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
+principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
+
+
+1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
+
+This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a
+notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed
+under the terms of this License. The "Document", below, refers to any
+such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is
+addressed as "you".
+
+A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
+Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
+modifications and/or translated into another language.
+
+A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
+the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
+publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject
+(or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly
+within that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a
+textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
+mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
+connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
+commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
+them.
+
+The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
+are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
+that says that the Document is released under this License.
+
+The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed,
+as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
+the Document is released under this License.
+
+A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
+represented in a format whose specification is available to the
+general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and
+straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
+pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
+drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
+for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
+to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
+format whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage
+subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is
+not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
+
+Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
+ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML
+or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple
+HTML designed for human modification. Opaque formats include
+PostScript, PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only
+by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
+processing tools are not generally available, and the
+machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for output
+purposes only.
+
+The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
+plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
+this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
+formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means
+the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
+preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
+
+
+2. VERBATIM COPYING
+
+You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
+commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
+copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
+to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
+conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
+technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
+copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
+compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
+number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
+
+You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
+you may publicly display copies.
+
+
+3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
+
+If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100,
+and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose
+the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
+Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
+the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
+you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
+the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
+visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
+Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
+the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
+as verbatim copying in other respects.
+
+If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
+legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
+reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
+pages.
+
+If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
+more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
+copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
+a publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete
+Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which the
+general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no
+charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the latter
+option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin
+distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this
+Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location
+until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque
+copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to
+the public.
+
+It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
+Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
+them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
+
+
+4. MODIFICATIONS
+
+You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
+the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
+the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
+Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
+and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
+of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
+
+A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
+ from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
+ (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
+ of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
+ if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
+B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
+ responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
+ Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
+ Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than five).
+C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
+ Modified Version, as the publisher.
+D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
+E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
+ adjacent to the other copyright notices.
+F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
+ giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
+ terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
+G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
+ and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
+H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
+I. Preserve the section entitled "History", and its title, and add to
+ it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
+ publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
+ there is no section entitled "History" in the Document, create one
+ stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
+ given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
+ Version as stated in the previous sentence.
+J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
+ public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
+ the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
+ it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section.
+ You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
+ least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
+ publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
+K. In any section entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
+ preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all the
+ substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
+ and/or dedications given therein.
+L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
+ unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
+ or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
+M. Delete any section entitled "Endorsements". Such a section
+ may not be included in the Modified Version.
+N. Do not retitle any existing section as "Endorsements"
+ or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
+
+If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
+appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
+copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
+of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
+list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
+These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
+
+You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
+nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
+parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
+been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
+standard.
+
+You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
+passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
+of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
+Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
+through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
+includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
+by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
+you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
+permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
+
+The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
+give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
+imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
+
+
+5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
+
+You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
+License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
+versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
+Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
+list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
+license notice.
+
+The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
+multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
+copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
+different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
+adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
+author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
+Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
+Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
+
+In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled "History"
+in the various original documents, forming one section entitled
+"History"; likewise combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements",
+and any sections entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
+entitled "Endorsements."
+
+
+6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
+
+You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
+released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
+License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
+the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
+verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
+
+You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
+it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
+License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
+other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
+
+
+7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
+
+A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
+and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
+distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version
+of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the
+compilation. Such a compilation is called an "aggregate", and this
+License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled
+with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled, if they
+are not themselves derivative works of the Document.
+
+If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
+copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter
+of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
+covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate.
+Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate.
+
+
+8. TRANSLATION
+
+Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
+distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
+Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
+permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
+translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
+original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
+translation of this License provided that you also include the
+original English version of this License. In case of a disagreement
+between the translation and the original English version of this
+License, the original English version will prevail.
+
+
+9. TERMINATION
+
+You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
+as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to
+copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
+automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
+parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
+License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
+parties remain in full compliance.
+
+
+10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
+
+The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
+of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
+versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
+differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
+http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
+
+Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
+If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
+License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
+following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
+of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
+Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
+number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
+as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+
+ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
+
+To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
+the License in the document and put the following copyright and
+license notices just after the title page:
+
+ Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
+ Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+ under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
+ or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
+ with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
+ Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
+ A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
+ Free Documentation License".
+
+If you have no Invariant Sections, write "with no Invariant Sections"
+instead of saying which ones are invariant. If you have no
+Front-Cover Texts, write "no Front-Cover Texts" instead of
+"Front-Cover Texts being LIST"; likewise for Back-Cover Texts.
+
+If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
+recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
+free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
+to permit their use in free software.
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/Report_Investment_Lots.png b/zh/guide/figures/Report_Investment_Lots.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8cc3218e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/Report_Investment_Lots.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/accts_CreateAssetsAccount.png b/zh/guide/figures/accts_CreateAssetsAccount.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a46c0f1c
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/accts_CreateAssetsAccount.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/accts_DefaultExpenseAccounts.png b/zh/guide/figures/accts_DefaultExpenseAccounts.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f9c00e44
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/accts_DefaultExpenseAccounts.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/accts_DefaultIncomeAccounts.png b/zh/guide/figures/accts_DefaultIncomeAccounts.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..82bb2c91
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/accts_DefaultIncomeAccounts.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/accts_toplevel.png b/zh/guide/figures/accts_toplevel.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b5601efc
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/accts_toplevel.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/accts_tree.png b/zh/guide/figures/accts_tree.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..38019672
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/accts_tree.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8d4c3ca3
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg b/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bc3efdaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!-- Created with Inkscape (http://www.inkscape.org/) -->
+
+<svg
+ xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
+ xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"
+ xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
+ xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ xmlns:sodipodi="http://sodipodi.sourceforge.net/DTD/sodipodi-0.dtd"
+ xmlns:inkscape="http://www.inkscape.org/namespaces/inkscape"
+ width="510"
+ height="150"
+ id="svg2"
+ version="1.1"
+ inkscape:version="0.48.0 r9654"
+ sodipodi:docname="basics_AccountRelationships.svg"
+ inkscape:export-filename="/home/janssege/Development/gnucash/docs-git/guide/C/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png"
+ inkscape:export-xdpi="90"
+ inkscape:export-ydpi="90">
+ <defs
+ id="defs4">
+ <marker
+ inkscape:stockid="Arrow1Lend"
+ orient="auto"
+ refY="0.0"
+ refX="0.0"
+ id="Arrow1Lend"
+ style="overflow:visible;">
+ <path
+ id="path4261"
+ d="M 0.0,0.0 L 5.0,-5.0 L -12.5,0.0 L 5.0,5.0 L 0.0,0.0 z "
+ style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:1.0pt;marker-start:none;"
+ transform="scale(0.8) rotate(180) translate(12.5,0)" />
+ </marker>
+ <marker
+ inkscape:stockid="Arrow2Lend"
+ orient="auto"
+ refY="0.0"
+ refX="0.0"
+ id="Arrow2Lend"
+ style="overflow:visible;">
+ <path
+ id="path4046"
+ style="font-size:12.0;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke-width:0.62500000;stroke-linejoin:round;"
+ d="M 8.7185878,4.0337352 L -2.2072895,0.016013256 L 8.7185884,-4.0017078 C 6.9730900,-1.6296469 6.9831476,1.6157441 8.7185878,4.0337352 z "
+ transform="scale(1.1) rotate(180) translate(1,0)" />
+ </marker>
+ <marker
+ inkscape:stockid="Arrow1Mend"
+ orient="auto"
+ refY="0.0"
+ refX="0.0"
+ id="Arrow1Mend"
+ style="overflow:visible;">
+ <path
+ id="path4034"
+ d="M 0.0,0.0 L 5.0,-5.0 L -12.5,0.0 L 5.0,5.0 L 0.0,0.0 z "
+ style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:1.0pt;marker-start:none;"
+ transform="scale(0.4) rotate(180) translate(10,0)" />
+ </marker>
+ <marker
+ inkscape:stockid="Arrow1Lstart"
+ orient="auto"
+ refY="0.0"
+ refX="0.0"
+ id="Arrow1Lstart"
+ style="overflow:visible">
+ <path
+ id="path4025"
+ d="M 0.0,0.0 L 5.0,-5.0 L -12.5,0.0 L 5.0,5.0 L 0.0,0.0 z "
+ style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:1.0pt;marker-start:none"
+ transform="scale(0.8) translate(12.5,0)" />
+ </marker>
+ <marker
+ inkscape:stockid="Arrow1Mend"
+ orient="auto"
+ refY="0"
+ refX="0"
+ id="Arrow1Mend-4"
+ style="overflow:visible">
+ <path
+ inkscape:connector-curvature="0"
+ id="path4034-7"
+ d="M 0,0 5,-5 -12.5,0 5,5 0,0 z"
+ style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:1pt;marker-start:none"
+ transform="matrix(-0.4,0,0,-0.4,-4,0)" />
+ </marker>
+ <marker
+ inkscape:stockid="Arrow1Mend"
+ orient="auto"
+ refY="0"
+ refX="0"
+ id="Arrow1Mend-2"
+ style="overflow:visible">
+ <path
+ inkscape:connector-curvature="0"
+ id="path4034-1"
+ d="M 0,0 5,-5 -12.5,0 5,5 0,0 z"
+ style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:1pt;marker-start:none"
+ transform="matrix(-0.4,0,0,-0.4,-4,0)" />
+ </marker>
+ </defs>
+ <sodipodi:namedview
+ id="base"
+ pagecolor="#ffffff"
+ bordercolor="#666666"
+ borderopacity="1.0"
+ inkscape:pageopacity="0.0"
+ inkscape:pageshadow="2"
+ inkscape:zoom="0.98994949"
+ inkscape:cx="188.57143"
+ inkscape:cy="105.35725"
+ inkscape:document-units="px"
+ inkscape:current-layer="layer1"
+ showgrid="false"
+ inkscape:window-width="1187"
+ inkscape:window-height="1130"
+ inkscape:window-x="725"
+ inkscape:window-y="0"
+ inkscape:window-maximized="0" />
+ <metadata
+ id="metadata7">
+ <rdf:RDF>
+ <cc:Work
+ rdf:about="">
+ <dc:format>image/svg+xml</dc:format>
+ <dc:type
+ rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage" />
+ <dc:title></dc:title>
+ </cc:Work>
+ </rdf:RDF>
+ </metadata>
+ <g
+ inkscape:label="Layer 1"
+ inkscape:groupmode="layer"
+ id="layer1"
+ transform="translate(0,-902.36218)">
+ <path
+ style="fill:#87ff87;fill-opacity:1;fill-rule:nonzero;stroke:#00bc00;stroke-width:2;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"
+ d="m 71.84375,940.79072 0,14.09375 c -0.04189,-7.3e-4 -0.08293,0 -0.125,0 l -61.53125,0 c -3.878,0 -7,3.122 -7,7 l 0,28.8125 c 0,3.878 3.122,7 7,7 l 61.53125,0 c 0.04207,0 0.08311,7.3e-4 0.125,0 l 0,14.09373 40.5625,-35.49998 -40.5625,-35.5 z"
+ id="rect5340"
+ inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+ <text
+ xml:space="preserve"
+ style="font-size:20px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
+ x="10.916859"
+ y="982.15399"
+ id="text2997"
+ sodipodi:linespacing="125%"><tspan
+ sodipodi:role="line"
+ id="tspan2999"
+ x="10.916859"
+ y="982.15399">Income</tspan></text>
+ <path
+ inkscape:connector-curvature="0"
+ style="fill:#ff7d69;fill-opacity:1;fill-rule:nonzero;stroke:#bc1600;stroke-width:2;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"
+ d="m 467.07999,940.79072 0,14.0937 c -0.042,-7e-4 -0.083,0 -0.125,0 l -61.5313,0 c -3.878,0 -7,3.122 -7,7 l 0,28.81253 c 0,3.878 3.122,7 7,7 l 61.5313,0 c 0.042,0 0.083,8e-4 0.125,0 l 0,14.09375 40.5625,-35.49998 -40.5625,-35.5 z"
+ id="rect5340-9" />
+ <text
+ xml:space="preserve"
+ style="font-size:20px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
+ x="400.88116"
+ y="982.15399"
+ id="text3001"
+ sodipodi:linespacing="125%"><tspan
+ sodipodi:role="line"
+ id="tspan3003"
+ x="400.88116"
+ y="982.15399">Expenses</tspan></text>
+ <rect
+ style="opacity:1;fill:#cfcfcf;fill-opacity:1;fill-rule:nonzero;stroke:#8a8a8a;stroke-width:2.05670190000000019;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"
+ id="rect2985"
+ width="274.95154"
+ height="132.14285"
+ x="116.93922"
+ y="910.2193"
+ rx="7.4025412"
+ ry="7" />
+ <g
+ id="g3033"
+ transform="translate(-202.5839,-54.406259)">
+ <text
+ sodipodi:linespacing="125%"
+ id="text2989"
+ y="993.79077"
+ x="412.5282"
+ style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
+ xml:space="preserve"><tspan
+ y="993.79077"
+ x="412.5282"
+ id="tspan2991"
+ sodipodi:role="line">Equity</tspan></text>
+ <text
+ sodipodi:linespacing="125%"
+ id="text2993"
+ y="1010.5051"
+ x="384.42859"
+ style="font-size:14px;font-style:oblique;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans Oblique"
+ xml:space="preserve"><tspan
+ y="1010.5051"
+ x="384.42859"
+ id="tspan2995"
+ sodipodi:role="line">( Assets - Liabilities )</tspan></text>
+ </g>
+ <g
+ id="g5033"
+ transform="translate(-5.0135841,-5.4504263)">
+ <rect
+ ry="7"
+ rx="7"
+ y="975.50507"
+ x="135.14285"
+ height="58.857143"
+ width="117.42857"
+ id="rect2987"
+ style="fill:#87ff87;fill-opacity:1;fill-rule:nonzero;stroke:#00bc00;stroke-width:2;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none" />
+ <g
+ transform="translate(-8.5234451,11.044167)"
+ id="g3021">
+ <text
+ xml:space="preserve"
+ style="font-size:14px;font-style:oblique;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans Oblique"
+ x="153.72238"
+ y="1010.5051"
+ id="text3005"
+ sodipodi:linespacing="125%"><tspan
+ sodipodi:role="line"
+ id="tspan3007"
+ x="153.72238"
+ y="1010.5051">Positive Value</tspan></text>
+ <text
+ xml:space="preserve"
+ style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
+ x="167.02267"
+ y="993.17554"
+ id="text3013"
+ sodipodi:linespacing="125%"><tspan
+ sodipodi:role="line"
+ id="tspan3015"
+ x="167.02267"
+ y="993.17554">Assets</tspan></text>
+ </g>
+ </g>
+ <rect
+ style="fill:#ff7d69;fill-opacity:1;fill-rule:nonzero;stroke:#bc1600;stroke-width:2;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"
+ id="rect2987-3"
+ width="117.42857"
+ height="58.857143"
+ x="261.27213"
+ y="970.05463"
+ rx="7"
+ ry="7" />
+ <g
+ id="g3027"
+ transform="translate(-4.7662468,5.5937407)">
+ <text
+ sodipodi:linespacing="125%"
+ id="text3009"
+ y="1010.5051"
+ x="271.91086"
+ style="font-size:14px;font-style:oblique;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans Oblique"
+ xml:space="preserve"><tspan
+ y="1010.5051"
+ x="271.91086"
+ id="tspan3011"
+ sodipodi:role="line">Negative Value</tspan></text>
+ <text
+ sodipodi:linespacing="125%"
+ id="text3017"
+ y="993.79077"
+ x="272.28781"
+ style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
+ xml:space="preserve"><tspan
+ y="993.79077"
+ x="272.28781"
+ id="tspan3019"
+ sodipodi:role="line">Liabilities</tspan></text>
+ </g>
+ </g>
+</svg>
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_Accounts.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_Accounts.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d2564600
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_Accounts.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountsSampleQIF.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountsSampleQIF.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2fbfc1a5
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountsSampleQIF.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_CheckAccount.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_CheckAccount.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ffbe6de5
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_CheckAccount.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_SalarySplit.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_SalarySplit.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e999e9f7
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_SalarySplit.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_compact.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_compact.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9c82dbf5
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_compact.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_expanded.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_expanded.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..10b5afe9
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_expanded.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_groceries.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_groceries.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..14e2e47b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_groceries.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_salary.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_salary.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3adb4adc
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_salary.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_EmptyAccounts.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_EmptyAccounts.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..103a388f
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_EmptyAccounts.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..55ccb17b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Accounts.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Accounts.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2dd74b62
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Accounts.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Finish.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Finish.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..68080e9e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Finish.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Setup.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Setup.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..03cd4447
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Setup.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_currency.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_currency.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9516147b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_currency.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewBookOpts.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewBookOpts.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a3dbcf64
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_NewBookOpts.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_QIF_Import_welcome.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_QIF_Import_welcome.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b3016efb
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_QIF_Import_welcome.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_SaveSQL.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_SaveSQL.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..51010724
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_SaveSQL.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_SaveXML.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_SaveXML.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c1ba1360
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_SaveXML.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/basics_TipOfDay.png b/zh/guide/figures/basics_TipOfDay.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..305775da
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/basics_TipOfDay.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_billedit.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_billedit.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c355252b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_billedit.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_billnew.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_billnew.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b630c2b9
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_billnew.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_billpost.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_billpost.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..16483f19
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_billpost.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_jobnew.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_jobnew.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..82137f89
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_jobnew.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_payment.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_payment.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9a2c6e57
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_payment.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_vendorfind.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_vendorfind.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..43905b0d
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_vendorfind.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_vendornew.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_vendornew.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e0ad5048
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ap_vendornew.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_custfind.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_custfind.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b4d5f097
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_custfind.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_custnew.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_custnew.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3675efe1
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_custnew.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange1.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..30168e4e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange2.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..216cff4c
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange3.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange3.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f5a2c560
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange3.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoiceedit.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoiceedit.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d591b4d8
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoiceedit.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicenew.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicenew.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..67d75812
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicenew.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicepost.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicepost.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..43915d09
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicepost.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoiceprint.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoiceprint.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b3d7aca6
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoiceprint.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_jobnew.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_jobnew.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bc1bf8a7
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_jobnew.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_payment.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_payment.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a31d1574
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_ar_payment.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_co_reg.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_co_reg.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bad09925
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_co_reg.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex1.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b9fb53b3
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex2.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c0ab0bff
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex3.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex3.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..beda8f1c
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex3.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex4.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex4.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8d7db855
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex4.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_tax_main.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_tax_main.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0ab67d1b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_tax_main.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_tax_new.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_tax_new.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7771f1ea
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_tax_new.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_terms_main.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_terms_main.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7ba41982
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_terms_main.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/bus_terms_new.png b/zh/guide/figures/bus_terms_new.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6ac5d086
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/bus_terms_new.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/capgain_app2main.png b/zh/guide/figures/capgain_app2main.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..51b891af
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/capgain_app2main.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/capgain_app3main.png b/zh/guide/figures/capgain_app3main.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d83e6749
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/capgain_app3main.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/capgain_appmain.png b/zh/guide/figures/capgain_appmain.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f092bcce
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/capgain_appmain.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_CashFlow.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_CashFlow.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b8e8098e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_CashFlow.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_TransactionRptAssets.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_TransactionRptAssets.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..74d07ce9
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_TransactionRptAssets.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_TransactionRptExpenses.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_TransactionRptExpenses.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6983e412
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_TransactionRptExpenses.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_atm.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_atm.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fecc2119
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_atm.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_bankstmt.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_bankstmt.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e2b3aa80
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_bankstmt.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_chartaccts5.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_chartaccts5.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c335dc56
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_chartaccts5.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_checkexamp.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_checkexamp.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..867f71d1
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_checkexamp.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_gcashdata4.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_gcashdata4.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2d0cc968
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_gcashdata4.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_reconciledCheckAct.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_reconciledCheckAct.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..26d3edda
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_reconciledCheckAct.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_reconexamp.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_reconexamp.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7e18f722
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_reconexamp.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_servch.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_servch.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1ad65128
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_servch.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cbook_transferin.png b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_transferin.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2417595e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cbook_transferin.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_CashFlow.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_CashFlow.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5434b4aa
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_CashFlow.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_1.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..58320abb
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_2.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a693b3f6
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_TransactionRptExpenses.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_TransactionRptExpenses.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eb29d1fe
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_TransactionRptExpenses.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_TransactionRptVisa.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_TransactionRptVisa.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0c0b6cf1
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_TransactionRptVisa.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_accounts.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_accounts.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5806ac9f
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_accounts.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_final.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_final.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a68df7ec
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_final.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_interest.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_interest.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c7357b31
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_interest.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_payment.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_payment.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c049dea7
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_payment.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_purchases.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_purchases.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..481665b8
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_purchases.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_reconcile.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_reconcile.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a0b875e8
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_reconcile.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_reconcile_init.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_reconcile_init.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0934a771
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_reconcile_init.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/cc_refund.png b/zh/guide/figures/cc_refund.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e113a33b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/cc_refund.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_AfterGetOnlineQuotes.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_AfterGetOnlineQuotes.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9aae9de4
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_AfterGetOnlineQuotes.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_BeforeGetOnlineQuotes.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_BeforeGetOnlineQuotes.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..93dc270e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_BeforeGetOnlineQuotes.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AfterMoney.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AfterMoney.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fa916eed
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AfterMoney.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AfterStocks.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AfterStocks.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f878cca5
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AfterStocks.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AussieHouse.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AussieHouse.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a992991e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AussieHouse.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_addcurr.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_addcurr.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0bcecc4e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_addcurr.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_main1.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_main1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..074d9c3b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_main1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_main2.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_main2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..493ac390
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_main2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_main3.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_main3.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c80fc313
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_main3.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_peditor.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_peditor.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c7d86349
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_peditor.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_AfterBoat.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_AfterBoat.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4eb513bf
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_AfterBoat.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_AfterStocks.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_AfterStocks.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dd1098e6
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_AfterStocks.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_BeforeBoat.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_BeforeBoat.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f1f5e4f4
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_BeforeBoat.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_BeforeStocks.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_BeforeStocks.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5bedb71a
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_BeforeStocks.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_Commodities.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_Commodities.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5851d04e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_Commodities.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_MoveMoney.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_MoveMoney.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8008810b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_MoveMoney.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_SetExchangeRate.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_SetExchangeRate.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2ae34f8d
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_SetExchangeRate.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_ToAmount.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_ToAmount.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7eafcc7d
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_purchase_ToAmount.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_Price_Database_initial.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_Price_Database_initial.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f4ccf8fd
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_Price_Database_initial.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_acct_setup.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_acct_setup.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..287b3995
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_acct_setup.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_acct_setup_2.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_acct_setup_2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9657023b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_acct_setup_2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_accts_after_tfr.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_accts_after_tfr.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..43a3ee3b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_accts_after_tfr.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_accts_after_trf_back.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_accts_after_trf_back.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cf1cc9ae
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_accts_after_trf_back.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_balance_sheet.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_balance_sheet.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b53cfa7a
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_balance_sheet.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_prices_after_trf_back.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_prices_after_trf_back.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cc0b8e66
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_prices_after_trf_back.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_funds.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_funds.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4a139638
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_funds.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans1.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..23936ef5
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans2.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..69323388
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_trf_back.png b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_trf_back.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6cc52949
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/currency_trading_trf_back.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/dep_assetmain.png b/zh/guide/figures/dep_assetmain.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3c4af7aa
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/dep_assetmain.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/dep_assetreg.png b/zh/guide/figures/dep_assetreg.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..51c3f5c2
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/dep_assetreg.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/dep_example.png b/zh/guide/figures/dep_example.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5587adc0
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/dep_example.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots0RegB4Scrub.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots0RegB4Scrub.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..015283b2
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots0RegB4Scrub.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots1B4Scrub.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots1B4Scrub.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4fee03a7
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots1B4Scrub.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots2LotsAftScrubAcct.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots2LotsAftScrubAcct.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3d9fc13e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots2LotsAftScrubAcct.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots3RegAftScrubAcct.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots3RegAftScrubAcct.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8e2aa1cf
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest2Lots3RegAftScrubAcct.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/investLots0_RegB4Scrub.png b/zh/guide/figures/investLots0_RegB4Scrub.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e9340ada
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/investLots0_RegB4Scrub.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/investLots1_BeforeCreateLot.png b/zh/guide/figures/investLots1_BeforeCreateLot.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eccc8e53
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/investLots1_BeforeCreateLot.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/investLots2_BeforeScrub1Lot.png b/zh/guide/figures/investLots2_BeforeScrub1Lot.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..85ebd197
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/investLots2_BeforeScrub1Lot.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/investLots2_RegAfterScrub1Lot.png b/zh/guide/figures/investLots2_RegAfterScrub1Lot.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a4b52bc8
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/investLots2_RegAfterScrub1Lot.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/investLotsSplitLot0.png b/zh/guide/figures/investLotsSplitLot0.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1e8b640d
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/investLotsSplitLot0.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/investLotsSplitLot1.png b/zh/guide/figures/investLotsSplitLot1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c2c31ea3
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/investLotsSplitLot1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/investLotsSplitReg.png b/zh/guide/figures/investLotsSplitReg.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d5438efc
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/investLotsSplitReg.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_AccountsPredef.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_AccountsPredef.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bc010c5e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_AccountsPredef.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_SetupPortfolio2.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_SetupPortfolio2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3cef16e0
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_SetupPortfolio2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_SetupPortfolio3.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_SetupPortfolio3.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e9a36d30
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_SetupPortfolio3.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_dividendcash.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_dividendcash.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..399fd0b4
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_dividendcash.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_dividendreinvest1.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_dividendreinvest1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..53dc033f
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_dividendreinvest1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_int1.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_int1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0d58e10f
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_int1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_int2-1.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_int2-1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f00d2edd
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_int2-1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_int2.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_int2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5a399609
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_int2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_int3.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_int3.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3f9f8b56
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_int3.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_merge2.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_merge2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..60857716
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_merge2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_merge3.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_merge3.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7a805eda
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_merge3.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_newaccount.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_newaccount.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dab657f5
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_newaccount.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_newsecurity.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_newsecurity.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ca5fefbb
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_newsecurity.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_peditor.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_peditor.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..51f9666d
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_peditor.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_peditor2.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_peditor2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7d87bc58
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_peditor2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_ret_of_cap.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_ret_of_cap.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6a1c2a27
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_ret_of_cap.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_selectsecurity.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_selectsecurity.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f00f873f
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_selectsecurity.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstock.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstock.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..18f05ff3
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstock.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstock2.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstock2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d49ff5e1
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstock2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockLoss2.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockLoss2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0d2e99bf
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockLoss2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfCombNet.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfCombNet.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6d091412
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfCombNet.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfSep.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfSep.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..88e4eebe
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfSep.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfSepNet.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfSepNet.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c552c390
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfSepNet.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_setup_current.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_setup_current.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bdd28dba
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_setup_current.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_setup_portfolio1.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_setup_portfolio1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2df7d05b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_setup_portfolio1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_simplesplit1.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_simplesplit1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b8b27514
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_simplesplit1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_split1.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_split1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dd405323
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_split1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_split2.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_split2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..badcd351
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_split2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_split3.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_split3.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d7b5c3ff
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_split3.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_split4.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_split4.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..529da503
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_split4.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_split5.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_split5.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0a2e8e68
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_split5.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockmerge1.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockmerge1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b20890d8
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockmerge1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..72d2612a
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue_report.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue_report.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eea1535d
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue_report.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue_report_options.png b/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue_report_options.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..79b386cb
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue_report_options.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanCalculation.png b/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanCalculation.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2a40b00e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanCalculation.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanFirstPayment.png b/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanFirstPayment.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..20d49186
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanFirstPayment.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanInitial.png b/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanInitial.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8d6d17e9
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanInitial.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPayment.png b/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPayment.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..69a8db13
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPayment.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPaymentAccounts.png b/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPaymentAccounts.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a1448cbb
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPaymentAccounts.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/loans_fcalc.png b/zh/guide/figures/loans_fcalc.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fdfdb3ea
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/loans_fcalc.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/loans_mortgage1.png b/zh/guide/figures/loans_mortgage1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fb3a5f7c
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/loans_mortgage1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/loans_mortgage2.png b/zh/guide/figures/loans_mortgage2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3f58155d
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/loans_mortgage2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/loans_mortgage3.png b/zh/guide/figures/loans_mortgage3.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..90bbf62d
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/loans_mortgage3.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/oview_intro.png b/zh/guide/figures/oview_intro.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..60c2a207
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/oview_intro.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_CashFlow.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_CashFlow.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fe8029ea
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_CashFlow.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_TransactionRptChecking.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_TransactionRptChecking.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6dc88be6
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_TransactionRptChecking.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_TransactionRptExpenses.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_TransactionRptExpenses.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5e815ebf
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_TransactionRptExpenses.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5963ea53
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts1.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6a8c78c2
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts2.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1414b5c0
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window1.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dc0c620a
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window2.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..547e0c3a
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window3.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window3.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b68cbc33
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window3.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_register_2account.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_register_2account.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e35eaf6d
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_register_2account.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_register_2account2.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_register_2account2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9803c71e
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_register_2account2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_register_multiaccount.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_register_multiaccount.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c5b9d931
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_register_multiaccount.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit2.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b88ae139
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit3.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit3.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..442e1fe3
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit3.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit4.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit4.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..323e112c
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit4.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit5.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit5.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..feca156f
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit5.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit6.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit6.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..52fcd48b
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_registersplit6.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-2.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ab316ae9
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-frequency.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-frequency.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a75fd46f
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-frequency.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-overview.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-overview.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..43334bb6
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-overview.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-template.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-template.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cb408043
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-template.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-4.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-4.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e559f0e4
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-4.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor_slr.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor_slr.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e2bb1389
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor_slr.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger1.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger1.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cca673ce
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger1.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger2.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger2.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ec85a990
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger2.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger3.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger3.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..023502c1
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger3.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger4.png b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger4.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1ad7a57f
Binary files /dev/null and b/zh/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger4.png differ
diff --git a/zh/guide/gnc-glossary.xml b/zh/guide/gnc-glossary.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0de7dd92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/gnc-glossary.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,540 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE glossary SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 2.6.15
+ Last modified: December 6, 2016
+ Author:
+ David T. <sunfish62 at yahoo.com>
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<glossary id="gnc-gloss">
+ <title>&app; 术è¯è¡¨</title>
+
+ <para>下é¢åˆ—出了 &app;ä¸å‡ºçŽ°çš„常è§æœ¯è¯ã€‚å…¶ä¸ä¸€äº›æ¡ç›®å¼•è‡ª<ulink
+ url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page">维基百科</ulink>。</para>
+
+ <!-- ... -->
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_account">
+ <glossterm>科目</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>ç§‘ç›®ç”¨äºŽè·Ÿè¸ªä½ çš„èµ„äº§ã€è´Ÿå€ºã€èŠ±è´¹å’Œæ”¶å…¥ã€‚</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_accountingperiod">
+ <glossterm>会计期间</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>会计期间指编制一个实体的会计账簿所å‚照的期间。常è§çš„会计期间有月度ã€å£åº¦å’Œå¹´åº¦æœŸé—´ã€‚</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_aqbanking">
+ <glossterm>AqBanking</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>一个实现德国家åºé“¶è¡Œè®¡ç®—机接å£ï¼ˆHBCI）和电å银行互è”ç½‘é€šä¿¡æ ‡å‡†ï¼ˆEBICS）ã€OFX Direct
+ Connect和Paypal的库。它是openHBCI的继承者。</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_asset">
+ <glossterm>资产</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>èµ„äº§æ˜¯ä½ æ‹¥æœ‰çš„æŸäº›ä¸œè¥¿ã€‚ ä»»ä½•æœ‰å½¢çš„æˆ–æ— å½¢çš„ï¼Œå¯ä»¥æ‹¥æœ‰æˆ–控制以产生积æžçš„ç»æµŽä»·å€¼çš„东西都å¯è¢«è§†ä¸ºèµ„产。</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_balancesheet">
+ <glossterm>资产负债表</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>资产负债表是个人或组织财务余é¢çš„汇总。它总结了一家公å¸åœ¨ç‰¹å®šæ—¶é—´ç‚¹çš„资产ã€è´Ÿå€ºå’Œæ‰€æœ‰è€…æƒç›Šã€‚</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_book">
+ <glossterm>账簿</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>账簿是对个人或组织所有交易的记录。在 &app;ä¸ï¼Œæ¯ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶åŒ…å«ä¸€ä¸ªè´¦ç°¿ã€‚</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_capgainloss">
+ <glossterm>资本利得 / 资本æŸå¤±</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>指在出售投资å“时，投资å“的买入价和å–出价之间的差é¢ã€‚åˆç§° <emphasis>实现获利 /
+ 实现æŸå¤±</emphasis>。在投资å•å‡ºå”®ä¹‹å‰ï¼ŒçŽ°ä»·ä¸Žä¹°å…¥ä»·é—´çš„å·®é¢ç§°ä¸º <emphasis>未实现收益 /
+ 未实现æŸå¤±</emphasis>。</para>
+
+ <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_realgainloss">实现获利 / 实现æŸå¤±</glossseealso>
+
+ <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_unrealgainloss">未实现收益 /
+ 未实现æŸå¤±</glossseealso>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_capstock">
+ <glossterm>股本</glossterm>
+
+ <glosssee otherterm="gnc-gl_stock">股票</glosssee>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_chartofaccounts">
+ <glossterm>科目汇总表</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>æ•°æ®æ–‡ä»¶ä¸æ‰€æœ‰å¯ç”¨ç§‘目的列表。科目汇总表包括资产负债表科目（资产ã€è´Ÿå€ºã€è‚¡ä¸œæƒç›Šï¼‰å’ŒæŸç›Šè¡¨ç§‘目（收入ã€è´¹ç”¨ã€æ”¶ç›Šã€æŸå¤±ï¼‰ã€‚</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_commission">
+ <glossterm>佣金</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>支付给ç»çºªäººä¹°å–è¯åˆ¸çš„费用。</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_commodity">
+ <glossterm>商å“</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>商å“是易于交易或出售的有价值的东西，比如货å¸ã€è‚¡ç¥¨ã€å€ºåˆ¸ã€ç²®é£Ÿã€é“œã€çŸ³æ²¹éƒ½æ˜¯å•†å“。</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_commonstock">
+ <glossterm>普通股</glossterm>
+
+ <glosssee otherterm="gnc-gl_stock">股票</glosssee>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_compounding">
+ <glossterm>å¤åˆ©</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para> 利æ¯é‡æ–°æŠ•å…¥åŽå¯ä»¥äº§ç”Ÿå®ƒè‡ªå·±çš„利æ¯ï¼ˆåˆ©æ¯äº§ç”Ÿçš„利æ¯ï¼‰ã€‚</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_costbasis">
+ <glossterm>æˆæœ¬åŸºå‡†ï¼Ÿ</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>Cost basis is the original cost of property, adjusted for various
+ factors. Its primary use is for tax purposes. Factors that affect the
+ cost basis include: stock splits, dividends, depreciation and return of
+ capital distributions. Cost basis is used to determine the
+ <emphasis>capital gain</emphasis>.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_csv">
+ <glossterm>CSV</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>Stands for Comma Separated Values. CSV files are used to store
+ data in plain text. Each line of the file is a record and each record
+ can be comprised of multiple fields separated by commas. CSV is one
+ import format that &app; supports.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_dividends">
+ <glossterm>è‚¡æ¯</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>Dividends are cash payments a company makes to shareholders. The
+ amount of this payment is usually determined as some amount of the
+ profits of the company. Not all common stocks give dividends.
+ è‚¡æ¯æ˜¯ä¸€å®¶å…¬å¸å‘æŒè‚¡äººæ”¯ä»˜çš„现金。股æ¯é‡‘é¢é€šå¸¸å–决于公å¸åˆ©æ¶¦ã€‚ä¸æ˜¯æ‰€æœ‰æ™®é€šè‚¡éƒ½ä¼šæ”¯ä»˜è‚¡æ¯ã€‚</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_equities">
+ <glossterm>Equities</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>Equities are investments in which the investor becomes part (or
+ whole) owner in something.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_fints">
+ <glossterm>Financial Transaction Services (FinTS)</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>A banking protocol used by German banks. Developed by the German
+ Central Banking Committee ZKA (Zentraler Kredit-Ausschuss). The standard
+ is used only by German banks. Prior 2002, it was called Home Banking
+ Computer Interface (HBCI). FinTS is one import format that &app;
+ supports.</para>
+
+ <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_hbci">Home Computer Banking Interface
+ (HBCI)</glossseealso>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_gsettings">
+ <glossterm>GSettings</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>Since version 2.5 the tool that stores user configuration data. It
+ uses the native data store of the operating system:</para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>&lin;</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>DConf since Gnome 3.0 dropped GConf</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>&mac;</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Defaults. Use the command-line defaults(1) to modify prefs
+ when GnuCash isn't running.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>&win;</term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Registry.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_hbci">
+ <glossterm>Home Computer Banking Interface (HBCI)</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>A bank-independent online banking protocol used by German banks.
+ Home Banking Computer Interface (HBCI) was developed by the German
+ Central Banking Committee ZKA (Zentraler Kredit-Ausschuss). Since 2002,
+ it has been called Financial Transaction Services (FinTS). HBCI is one
+ import format that &app; supports.</para>
+
+ <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_fints">Financial Transaction Services
+ (FinTS)</glossseealso>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_interest">
+ <glossterm>利æ¯</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>借款人为使用贷款人的钱而支付的费用。通常表示为æ¯å¹´æœ¬é‡‘的百分比。例如，一个利率为1%的储蓄账户，æ¯å¹´æ¯å˜å…¥100ç¾Žå…ƒï¼Œå°±ä¼šä»˜ç»™ä½ 1美元。</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_liability">
+ <glossterm>负债</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>è´Ÿå€ºæ˜¯ä¸ªäººæˆ–ç»„ç»‡æ‰€æ¬ çš„å€ºåŠ¡ã€‚</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_libofx">
+ <glossterm>LibOFX</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>An open source library for <emphasis>OFX</emphasis>. It was
+ created by one of the &app; developers, originally to be the OFX
+ interface for &app;.</para>
+
+ <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_ofx">OFX</glossseealso>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_liquidity">
+ <glossterm>æµåŠ¨æ€§</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>è¡¡é‡ä¸€é¡¹æŠ•èµ„转æ¢ä¸ºçŽ°é‡‘的难易程度。储蓄账户里的钱æµåŠ¨æ€§å¾ˆå¼ºï¼Œè€ŒæŠ•èµ„在房å里的钱æµåŠ¨æ€§å¾ˆä½Žï¼Œå› 为å–房å需è¦æ—¶é—´ã€‚</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_lot">
+ <glossterm>Lot</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>A lot is a means of grouping a commodity so that you later
+ identify that the item bought in one transaction is the same as one sold
+ in a different transaction. Lots are often implemented with stocks,
+ where capital gain can depend on which item is being sold at a given
+ time.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_mt940">
+ <glossterm>MT940</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>A financial information standard defined by SWIFT and used by
+ several European banks. It is also used internally in HBCI.
+ Unfortunately, you can't download the MT940 standard, but some banks
+ publish it on their websites. MT940 is one import format that &app;
+ supports.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_ofx">
+ <glossterm>OFX</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>The Open Financial eXchange format. This is a financial
+ information exchange standard used by many institutions. OFX is one
+ import format that &app; supports.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_pricedb">
+ <glossterm>Price Database</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>The price database contains a store of price quotes for stocks,
+ mutual funds, and currencies.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_principal">
+ <glossterm>Principal</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>The original amount of money invested or borrowed.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_qfx">
+ <glossterm>QFX</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>The Quicken Financial eXchange format is a proprietary financial
+ information exchange standard promoted by Quicken and used by many
+ institutions. QFX is one import format that &app; supports.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_qif">
+ <glossterm>QIF</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>The Quicken Interchange Format (QIF) is an open specification for
+ reading and writing financial data to files. This is an older format
+ that is still used by many institutions. QIF is one import format that
+ &app; supports.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_realgainloss">
+ <glossterm>Realized Gain/Loss</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>The difference between the purchase and selling prices of an
+ investment at the time the investment is sold. Also known as
+ <emphasis>Capital Gain/Loss</emphasis>. Before an investment is sold,
+ the difference in value is referred to as <emphasis>Unrealized
+ Gain/Loss</emphasis>.</para>
+
+ <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_capgainloss">Capital
+ Gain/Loss</glossseealso>
+
+ <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_unrealgainloss">Unrealized
+ Gain/Loss</glossseealso>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_reconciliation">
+ <glossterm>Reconciliation</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>Reconciliation is a verification process in which the user
+ compares their records with those of the financial institution to ensure
+ that the records in each system agree at some particular point in time.
+ During reconciliation, the user checks individual transactions in their
+ file against the institution's statement; upon completion, the reported
+ balances of the institution and the reconciled account will match at
+ that point in the register.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_return">
+ <glossterm>Return</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>The total income plus capital gains or losses of an
+ investment.</para>
+
+ <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_yield">Yield</glossseealso>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_reversingtxn">
+ <glossterm>Reversing Transaction</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>In formal accounting, a transaction is never deleted. Therefore,
+ when a mistake is made, the original transaction remains in the ledger,
+ and a transaction is added to the ledger that reverses the original.
+ This <emphasis>reversing transaction</emphasis> duplicates the original
+ transaction, but with debit and credit amounts reversed. This removes
+ the effect of the erroneous transaction from the books. After entering
+ the reversing transaction, a corrected transaction can then be entered.
+ Reversing transactions are not commonly used in personal
+ accounting.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_risk">
+ <glossterm>风险</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>投资回报与预期ä¸åŒçš„å¯èƒ½æ€§ã€‚投资通常å¯ä»¥ä»Žä½Žé£Žé™©ï¼ˆä¾‹å¦‚储蓄å¸æˆ·æˆ–政府债券）到高风险（例如普通股或垃圾债券）分类。一般æ¥è¯´ï¼Œé£Žé™©è¶Šé«˜ï¼Œå¯èƒ½çš„回报也就越高。</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_schedtxn">
+ <glossterm>计划交易</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>计划交易æ供了一个框架，用于记ä½æœ‰å…³è®¾ç½®ä¸ºå°†æ¥å‘生一次或定期å‘生的交易的信æ¯ã€‚</para>
+
+ <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_yield">收益率</glossseealso>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_scheme">
+ <glossterm>Scheme</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>Scheme is a functional programming language based on a dialect of
+ LISP. Reports in &app; use the Scheme programming language; thus, users
+ wishing to customize reports must write Scheme.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_shareholder">
+ <glossterm>Shareholder</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>A shareholder is a person who holds common stock in a
+ company.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_split">
+ <glossterm>Split</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>A split, or Ledger Entry, is the fundamental accounting unit. Each
+ split consists of an amount, the value of that amount expressed in a
+ (possibly) different currency, a Memo, a pointer to the parent
+ Transaction, a pointer to the debited Account, a reconciled flag and
+ timestamp, an action field, and a key-value frame which can store
+ arbitrary data.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_stock">
+ <glossterm>Stock</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>A security that represents a certain fractional ownership of a
+ company. This is what you buy when you <quote>buy stock</quote> in a
+ company on the open market. This is also sometimes known as
+ <emphasis>capital stock</emphasis>, or <emphasis>common
+ stock</emphasis>.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_stocksplit">
+ <glossterm>Stock split</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>Occurs when a company offers to issue some additional multiple of
+ shares for each existing stock. For example, a <quote>2 for 1</quote>
+ stock split means that if you own 100 shares of a stock, you will
+ receive an additional 100 shares at no cost to you. The unit price of
+ the shares will usually be adjusted so there is no net change in the
+ value, so in this example the price per share will be halved. Note that
+ such transactions affect the cost basis per share owned.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_transaction">
+ <glossterm>Transaction</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>A transaction consists of a date, a description, an ID number, a
+ list of two or more splits, and a key-value frame. Transactions embody
+ the notion of "double entry" accounting. </para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_unrealgainloss">
+ <glossterm>Unrealized Gain/Loss</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>Unrealized gain or loss is the difference in value between a
+ purchase price and the current value of a given asset. These gains
+ remain unrealized until the asset is sold, at which point they become
+ <emphasis>Realized gains or losses</emphasis>.</para>
+
+ <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_capgainloss">Capital
+ Gain/Loss</glossseealso>
+
+ <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_realgainloss">Realized
+ Gain/Loss</glossseealso>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_valuation">
+ <glossterm>Valuation</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>The process of determining the market value or the price the
+ investment would sell at in a <quote>reasonable time
+ frame</quote>.</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_xml">
+ <glossterm>XML</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>å¯æ‰©å±•æ ‡è®°è¯è¨€æ˜¯ä¸€ç§å›½é™…é€šç”¨çš„æ ‡è®°æ ‡å‡†ã€‚ &app; 默认使用XMLå˜å‚¨æ•°æ®ã€‚</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <glossentry id="gnc-gl_yield">
+ <glossterm>收益率</glossterm>
+
+ <glossdef>
+ <para>A measure of the amount of money you earn from an investment
+ (i.e., how much income you receive from the investment). Typically, this
+ is reported as a percentage of the principal amount. Yield does not
+ include capital gains or losses (see Return). For example, a stock that
+ sells for $100 and gives $2 in dividends per year has a yield of 2%.
+ 对投资盈利的金é¢çš„度é‡ï¼Œä¹Ÿå°±æ˜¯ä»ŽæŠ•èµ„ä¸å¾—到了多少收入。收益率一般记为本金的百分比。收益率ä¸å«èµ„本收益或æŸå¤±ã€‚
+ 例如，æŸè‚¡ç¥¨å”®ä»·100美元且æ¯å¹´åˆ†çº¢2ç¾Žæ— ï¼Œå…¶æ”¶ç›ŠçŽ‡ä¸º2%。</para>
+ </glossdef>
+ </glossentry>
+
+ <!-- ... -->
+</glossary>
diff --git a/zh/guide/gnc_Sample_QIF.qif b/zh/guide/gnc_Sample_QIF.qif
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..91f68bb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/gnc_Sample_QIF.qif
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+!Type:Cat
+NClothes2
+E
+^
+NComputer:HW
+E
+^
+NComputer:ISP
+E
+^
+NEntertainment:Disco
+E
+^
+NEntertainment:Dining Out
+E
+^
+NFurniture
+E
+^
+NGifts
+E
+^
+NGroceries
+E
+^
+NRent
+E
+^
+NBonus
+I
+^
+N
+NSalary
+I
+^
+!Option:AutoSwitch
+!Account
+NAssets:Current Assets:Checking Account
+DChecking account
+TBank
+^
+!Type:Bank
+D01/01/2006
+T1000.00
+POpening Balance
+LEquity:Opening Balances
+CX
+^
+D12/01/2006
+T-50.00
+CX
+N101
+PGrocery Store
+LExpenses:Groceries
+^
+D15/01/2006
+T-150.00
+CX
+PGrocery Store
+LExpenses:Groceries
+^
+D25/01/2006
+T600.00
+CX
+PEmployers R Us
+LIncome:Salary
+^
+D26/01/2006
+T-200.00
+CX
+PBank Saving
+LAssets:Current Assets:Savings Account
+^
+D28/01/2006
+T-350.00
+N102
+CX
+PFebruary Rent
+LExpenses:Rent
+^
+D28/01/2006
+T-20.00
+CX
+PISP Subscription
+LExpenses:Computer:ISP
+^
+D13/02/2006
+T-124.00
+CX
+PGrocery Store
+LExpenses:Groceries
+^
+D25/02/2006
+T600.00
+PEmployers R Us
+LIncome:Salary
+^
+D26/02/2006
+T-200.00
+PBank Saving
+LAssets:Current Assets:Savings Account
+^
+D28/02/2006
+T-350.00
+N103
+PMarch Rent
+LExpenses:Rent
+^
+D28/02/2006
+T-20.00
+CX
+PISP Subscription
+LExpenses:Computer:ISP
+^
+D10/02/2006
+T-67.00
+CX
+PGrocery Store
+LExpenses:Groceries
+^
+D15/02/2006
+T-276.00
+PPaid Credit Card bill
+LLiabilities:Credit Card:Visa
+^
+D20/02/2006
+T-90.00
+CX
+PGrocery Store
+LExpenses:Groceries
+^
+D15/03/2006
+T-1024.99
+PPaid Credit Card bill
+LLiabilities:Credit Card:Visa
+^
+D25/03/2006
+T700.00
+PEmployers R Us
+LIncome:Salary
+SIncome:Salary
+EBase Salary
+$600
+SIncome:Bonus
+EYearly bonus
+$2000
+^
+D26/03/2006
+T-200.00
+PBank Saving
+LAssets:Current Assets:Savings Account
+^
+D28/03/2006
+T-350.00
+CX
+PApril Rent
+LExpenses:Rent
+^
+D28/03/2006
+T-20.00
+CX
+PISP Subscription
+LExpenses:Computer:ISP
+^^
+!Option:AutoSwitch
+!Account
+NLiabilities:Credit Card:Visa
+DVISA
+TCCard
+^
+!Type:CCard
+D01/01/2006
+T-200
+PParty 4 Us
+LExpenses:Entertainment:Dining Out
+^
+D01/01/2006
+T-76
+PDiscotime
+LExpenses:Entertainment:Disco
+^
+D14/02/2006
+T-24.99
+PFlower R Us
+LExpenses:Gifts
+^
+D22/02/2006
+T-1000.00
+PFurniture R Us
+LExpenses:Furniture
+^
+D05/03/2006
+T-96.75
+PDinner 4 Us
+LExpenses:Entertainment:Dining Out
+^
+D09/03/2006
+T-2000.00
+PLaptop R Us
+LExpenses:Computer:HW
+^
+D12/03/2006
+T-120.00
+PClothes R Us
+LExpenses:Clothes
+^
diff --git a/zh/guide/index.docbook b/zh/guide/index.docbook
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6f967640
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/index.docbook
@@ -0,0 +1,737 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE book SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Template Maintained by the GNOME Documentation Project:
+ http://developer.gnome.org/projects/gdp
+ Template version: 2.0 beta
+ Template last modified Feb 12, 2002
+-->
+<!--
+ (Do not remove this comment block.)
+ Version: 3.903
+ Last modified: 1 June 2020
+ Maintainers:
+ Gnucash Development Team <gnucash-devel at gnucash.org>
+ Translators:
+ (translators put your name and email here)
+-->
+<book id="index" lang="zh"
+ xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
+<!-- please do not change the id; for translations, change lang to -->
+<!-- appropriate code -->
+ <bookinfo>
+ <title>&app;教程与概念指å—</title>
+ <subtitle>The Didactical Documentation</subtitle>
+ <edition>v&manrevision;</edition>
+ <titleabbrev>&appname;æŒ‡å— &manrevision;</titleabbrev>
+ <copyright>
+ <year>2009-2023</year> <holder>&appname;文档团队</holder>
+ </copyright>
+
+ <copyright>
+ <year>2010-2011</year> <holder>Yawar Amin</holder>
+ </copyright>
+
+ <copyright>
+ <year>2010</year> <holder>Tom Bullock</holder>
+ </copyright>
+
+ <copyright>
+ <year>2010-2011</year> <holder>Cristian Marchi</holder>
+ </copyright>
+
+ <copyright>
+ <year>2006</year> <holder>Chris Lyttle</holder>
+ </copyright>
+
+ <copyright>
+ <year>2003-2004</year> <holder>Jon Lapham</holder>
+ </copyright>
+
+ <copyright>
+ <year>2002</year> <holder>Chris Lyttle</holder>
+ </copyright>
+
+ <copyright>
+ <year>2001</year> <holder>Carol Champagne and Chris Lyttle</holder>
+ </copyright>
+
+<!-- translators: uncomment this:
+ <copyright>
+ <year>2000</year>
+ <holder>ME-THE-TRANSLATOR (Latin translation)</holder>
+ </copyright>
+-->
+
+ <publisher>
+ <publishername>&appname;文档团队</publishername>
+<address>
+ <email>gnucash-devel at gnucash.org</email>
+ </address>
+ </publisher>
+
+ <xi:include href="legal.xml" />
+
+ <authorgroup>
+ <author>
+ <surname>&appname;文档团队</surname>
+ </author>
+ </authorgroup>
+
+ <revhistory>
+ <revision>
+ <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.900</revnumber>
+ <date>8 January 2023</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors</para>
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team</para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision>
+ <revision>
+ <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.13</revnumber>
+ <date>18 December 2022</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors</para>
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team</para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision>
+ <revision>
+ <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.12</revnumber>
+ <date>25 September 2022</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors</para>
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team</para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision>
+ <revision>
+ <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.11</revnumber>
+ <date>26 June 2022</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors</para>
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team</para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision>
+ <revision>
+ <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.10</revnumber>
+ <date>27 March 2022</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors</para>
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team</para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision>
+ <revision>
+ <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.9</revnumber>
+ <date>19 December 2021</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors</para>
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team</para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision>
+ <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.8</revnumber>
+ <date>28 September 2021</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision>
+ <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.7</revnumber>
+ <date>26 September 2021</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision>
+ <revision><revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.6</revnumber>
+ <date>27 June 2021</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision><revision><revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.5</revnumber>
+ <date>28 March 2021</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision>
+ <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.4</revnumber>
+ <date>28 December 2020</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.3</revnumber>
+ <date>27 December 2020</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.2</revnumber>
+ <date>27 September 2020</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.1</revnumber>
+ <date>26 July2020</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide 4.0</revnumber>
+ <date>28 June 2020</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.11</revnumber>
+ <date>28 June 2020</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.903</revnumber>
+ <date>1 June 2020</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.10</revnumber>
+ <date>11 April 2020</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.9</revnumber>
+ <date>29 March 2020</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.8</revnumber>
+ <date>29 December 2019</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.7</revnumber>
+ <date>9 September 2019</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.6</revnumber>
+ <date>30 June 2019</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.5</revnumber>
+ <date>31 March 2019</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.3</revnumber>
+ <date>30 September 2018</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.2</revnumber>
+ <date>24 June 2018</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.1</revnumber>
+ <date>28 April 2018</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v3.0</revnumber>
+ <date>1 April 2018</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.20</revnumber>
+ <date>1 April 2018</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.19</revnumber>
+ <date>16 December 2017</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.18</revnumber>
+ <date>24 September 2017</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.17</revnumber>
+ <date>2 July 2017 2017</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.16</revnumber>
+ <date>26 March 2017</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.15</revnumber>
+ <date>18 December 2016</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.11</revnumber>
+ <date>11 January 2016</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.10</revnumber>
+ <date>20 December 2015</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.8</revnumber>
+ <date>27 September 2015</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.7</revnumber>
+ <date>28 June 2015</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.3</revnumber>
+ <date>30 March 2014</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.2</revnumber>
+ <date>2 March 2014</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.1</revnumber>
+ <date>26 January 2014</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.6.0</revnumber>
+ <date>29 December 2013</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.4.2</revnumber>
+ <date>17 November 2012</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.4.1</revnumber>
+ <date>1 July 2011</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Multiple authors
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.3.16</revnumber>
+ <date>November 7, 2010</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Jon Lapham
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="author">Bengt Thuree
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="author">Dave Herman
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v2.0.0</revnumber>
+ <date>July 9, 2006</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Jon Lapham
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="author">Bengt Thuree
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="author">Dave Herman
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v1.8.3</revnumber>
+ <date>Aug 2003</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Jon Lapham
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v1.8.2</revnumber>
+ <date>Aug 2003</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Jon Lapham
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v1.8.1</revnumber>
+ <date>May 2003</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Chris Lyttle
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; Tutorial and Concepts Guide v1.8.0</revnumber>
+ <date>Jan 2003</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Chris Lyttle
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; User Guide v1.6.5</revnumber> <date>June
+ 2002</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Chris Lyttle
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision> <revision> <revnumber>&appname; User Guide v1.6.0</revnumber> <date>October
+ 2001</date>
+ <revdescription>
+ <para role="author">Carol Champagne
+ </para>
+
+ <para role="publisher">&appname; Documentation Team
+ </para>
+ </revdescription>
+ </revision>
+ </revhistory>
+
+ <releaseinfo>
+ This Guide contains a tutorial for using &vers-stable; and describes the concepts behind
+ &appname;.
+ </releaseinfo>
+
+ <legalnotice>
+ <title>Feedback</title>
+
+ <para>To report a bug or make a suggestion regarding the program or this documentation, follow the
+ instructions at the <ulink url="&url-bug-wiki;">Bugzilla page of the &appname; wiki</ulink>
+ and use the <ulink url="&url-bug-start;">&appname; Bug Tracking System</ulink>. At first you
+ want to <ulink url="&url-bug-browse;">browse</ulink> or
+ <ulink url="&url-bug-search;">search</ulink> it for already existing bugs. Select the
+ product <emphasis>&appname;</emphasis> for the program or <emphasis>Documentation</emphasis>
+ for any parts of this documentation.
+ </para>
+<!-- Translators may also add here a feedback address for translations. -->
+ </legalnotice>
+ </bookinfo>
+
+ <preface id="authors">
+ <title>About the Authors</title>
+
+ <para>The &appname; Documentation Team is a self-designated group of &app; users and developers who have
+ volunteered to write this documentation for the benefit of the broader user base. People who
+ are interested in joining this group are encouraged to express their interest on the &appname;
+ lists (<email>gnucash-users</email> and <email>gnucash-devel</email>) for further direction.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Contributors on the team so far have been:
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Yawar</firstname> <surname>Amin</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>J. Alex</firstname> <surname>Aycinena</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Tom</firstname> <surname>Bullock</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Carol</firstname> <surname>Champagne</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Frank</firstname> <othername role='mi'>H.</othername>
+ <surname>Ellenberger</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Mike</firstname> <surname>Evans</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Chris</firstname> <surname>Good</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Dave</firstname> <surname>Herman</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Geert</firstname> <surname>Janssens</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Jon</firstname> <surname>Lapham</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Chris</firstname> <surname>Lyttle</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Cristian</firstname> <surname>Marchi</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Brent</firstname> <surname>McBride</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>John</firstname> <surname>Ralls</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Robert</firstname> <surname>Ratliff</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Christian</firstname> <surname>Stimming</surname>
+ </author>
+ ,
+ <author>
+ <firstname>David</firstname> <surname>T.</surname>
+ </author>
+ , and
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Bengt</firstname> <surname>Thuree</surname>
+ </author>
+ .
+ </para>
+<!-- This is the appropriate place for other contributors: translators,
+ maintainers, etc. Commented out by default.
+ Note: Do not use the addess tag, if you do not want to be contacted
+ with user questions over decades. -->
+<!--
+ <para>This - still incomplete - translation was created by the
+ Latin &appname; translation team, which included until now
+ <othercredit role="translator">
+ <firstname>Latin</firstname>
+ <surname>Translator 1</surname>
+ <affiliation>
+ <orgname>Latin &appname; Translation Team</orgname>
+ <address> <email>translator at gnome.org</email> </address>
+ </affiliation>
+ <contrib>Latin translation</contrib>
+ </othercredit>.
+ </para>
+-->
+ </preface>
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_oview.xml" />
+
+ <part id="part.getting_started">
+ <title>基础知识</title>
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_basics.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_importing.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_configuring.xml" />
+ </part>
+
+ <part id="part.managing_personal">
+ <title>常规使用</title>
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_cbook.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_expenses.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_cc.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_loans.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_invest.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_reports.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_capgain.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_currency.xml" />
+ </part>
+
+ <part id="part.managing_business">
+ <title>高级功能</title>
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_bus_features.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_budgets.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_oth_assets.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_dep.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_python_bindings.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="ch_import_business_data.xml" />
+ </part>
+
+ <part id="part.appendices">
+ <title>附录</title>
+
+ <xi:include href="gnc-glossary.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="appendixa.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="appendixd.xml" />
+
+ <xi:include href="fdl-appendix.xml" />
+ </part>
+</book>
diff --git a/zh/guide/legal.xml b/zh/guide/legal.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b50431ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh/guide/legal.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE legalnotice SYSTEM "gnc-gui-zh.dtd">
+<legalnotice id="legalnotice">
+ <para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU
+ Free Documentation License (GFDL), Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free
+ Software Foundation with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
+ You can find a copy of the GFDL at this <ulink type="help"
+ url="help:fdl">link</ulink> or in
+ the file COPYING-DOCS distributed with this manual.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This manual is part of a collection of GNOME manuals distributed under the GFDL. If you want to
+ distribute this manual separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the
+ license to the manual, as described in section 6 of the license.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Many of the names used by companies to distinguish their products and services are claimed as
+ trademarks. Where those names appear in any GNOME documentation, and the members of the GNOME
+ Documentation Project are made aware of those trademarks, then the names are in capital letters
+ or initial capital letters.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>DOCUMENT AND MODIFIED VERSIONS OF THE DOCUMENT ARE PROVIDED UNDER THE TERMS OF THE GNU FREE
+ DOCUMENTATION LICENSE WITH THE FURTHER UNDERSTANDING THAT:
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED ON AN <quote>AS IS</quote> BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
+ EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES THAT THE DOCUMENT OR
+ MODIFIED VERSION OF THE DOCUMENT IS FREE OF DEFECTS MERCHANTABLE, FIT FOR A PARTICULAR
+ PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGING. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY, ACCURACY, AND PERFORMANCE OF
+ THE DOCUMENT OR MODIFIED VERSION OF THE DOCUMENT IS WITH YOU. SHOULD ANY DOCUMENT OR
+ MODIFIED VERSION PROVE DEFECTIVE IN ANY RESPECT, YOU (NOT THE INITIAL WRITER, AUTHOR OR
+ ANY CONTRIBUTOR) ASSUME THE COST OF ANY NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. THIS
+ DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY CONSTITUTES AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THIS LICENSE. NO USE OF ANY
+ DOCUMENT OR MODIFIED VERSION OF THE DOCUMENT IS AUTHORIZED HEREUNDER EXCEPT UNDER THIS
+ DISCLAIMER; AND
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES AND UNDER NO LEGAL THEORY, WHETHER IN TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), CONTRACT,
+ OR OTHERWISE, SHALL THE AUTHOR, INITIAL WRITER, ANY CONTRIBUTOR, OR ANY DISTRIBUTOR OF THE
+ DOCUMENT OR MODIFIED VERSION OF THE DOCUMENT, OR ANY SUPPLIER OF ANY OF SUCH PARTIES, BE
+ LIABLE TO ANY PERSON FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ DAMAGES OF ANY CHARACTER INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF GOODWILL, WORK
+ STOPPAGE, COMPUTER FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION, OR ANY AND ALL OTHER DAMAGES OR LOSSES ARISING
+ OUT OF OR RELATING TO USE OF THE DOCUMENT AND MODIFIED VERSIONS OF THE DOCUMENT, EVEN IF
+ SUCH PARTY SHALL HAVE BEEN INFORMED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </para>
+</legalnotice>
Summary of changes:
C/guide/CMakeLists.txt | 4 +-
C/manual/CMakeLists.txt | 4 +-
CMakeLists.txt | 7 +
cmake/AddChmTarget.cmake | 7 +-
cmake/AddEpubTarget.cmake | 8 +-
cmake/AddGncDocTargets.cmake | 36 +-
cmake/AddHtmlTarget.cmake | 7 +-
cmake/AddPdfTarget.cmake | 8 +-
cmake/DistCommon.cmake | 7 +-
cmake/MakeChm.cmake | 2 +-
de/guide/CMakeLists.txt | 4 +-
de/manual/CMakeLists.txt | 4 +-
docbook/{gnc-gui-it.dtd => gnc-gui-zh.dtd} | 8 +-
fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Bold.otf | Bin 0 -> 8543504 bytes
fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Regular.otf | Bin 0 -> 8331636 bytes
fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Bold.otf | Bin 0 -> 12090336 bytes
fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Regular.otf | Bin 0 -> 11607596 bytes
fonts/truetype/Arphic/ukai.ttc | Bin 0 -> 17151049 bytes
it/guide/CMakeLists.txt | 4 +-
it/manual/CMakeLists.txt | 4 +-
ja/guide/CMakeLists.txt | 4 +-
pt/guide/CMakeLists.txt | 4 +-
pt/manual/CMakeLists.txt | 4 +-
ru/guide/CMakeLists.txt | 4 +-
...procedure.xsl => general-chm-customization.xsl} | 13 +-
...rocedure.xsl => general-epub-customization.xsl} | 13 +-
...{procedure.xsl => general-fo-customization.xsl} | 13 +-
{ru => zh}/CMakeLists.txt | 2 +-
{C => zh}/guide/CMakeLists.txt | 12 +-
{C => zh}/guide/appendixa.xml | 7 +-
{ru => zh}/guide/appendixd.xml | 12 +-
zh/guide/ch_accts.xml | 475 ++++
zh/guide/ch_basics.xml | 1432 +++++++++++
{ru => zh}/guide/ch_budgets.xml | 2 +-
{C => zh}/guide/ch_bus_features.xml | 56 +-
{C => zh}/guide/ch_capgain.xml | 69 +-
zh/guide/ch_cbook.xml | 432 ++++
zh/guide/ch_cc.xml | 496 ++++
{C => zh}/guide/ch_configuring.xml | 2 +-
{C => zh}/guide/ch_currency.xml | 456 ++--
{C => zh}/guide/ch_dep.xml | 22 +-
zh/guide/ch_expenses.xml | 72 +
{C => zh}/guide/ch_import_business_data.xml | 2 +-
{C => zh}/guide/ch_importing.xml | 34 +-
{C => zh}/guide/ch_invest.xml | 2488 +++++++++-----------
{C => zh}/guide/ch_loans.xml | 59 +-
{ru => zh}/guide/ch_oth_assets.xml | 2 +-
zh/guide/ch_oview.xml | 525 +++++
{C => zh}/guide/ch_python_bindings.xml | 5 +-
{C => zh}/guide/ch_reports.xml | 107 +-
zh/guide/ch_txns.xml | 1250 ++++++++++
{de => zh}/guide/fdl-appendix.xml | 7 +-
{C => zh}/guide/fdl.txt | 0
{C => zh}/guide/figures/Report_Investment_Lots.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/accts_CreateAssetsAccount.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/accts_DefaultExpenseAccounts.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/accts_DefaultIncomeAccounts.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/accts_toplevel.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/accts_tree.png | Bin
zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png | Bin 0 -> 17356 bytes
.../guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg | 54 +-
{C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_Accounts.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/basics_AccountsSampleQIF.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_CheckAccount.png | Bin
.../basics_DoubleEntryIntro_SalarySplit.png | Bin
.../figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_compact.png | Bin
.../figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_expanded.png | Bin
.../figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_groceries.png | Bin
.../figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_salary.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_EmptyAccounts.png | Bin
.../figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup.png | Bin
.../basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Accounts.png | Bin
.../basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Finish.png | Bin
.../basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Setup.png | Bin
.../basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_currency.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_NewBookOpts.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/basics_QIF_Import_welcome.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_SaveSQL.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_SaveXML.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_TipOfDay.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_billedit.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_billnew.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_billpost.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_jobnew.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_payment.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_vendorfind.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_vendornew.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_custfind.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_custnew.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange3.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoiceedit.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicenew.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicepost.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoiceprint.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_jobnew.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_payment.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_co_reg.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex3.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex4.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_tax_main.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_tax_new.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_terms_main.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_terms_new.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/capgain_app2main.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/capgain_app3main.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/capgain_appmain.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_CashFlow.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/cbook_TransactionRptAssets.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/cbook_TransactionRptExpenses.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_atm.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_bankstmt.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_chartaccts5.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_checkexamp.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_gcashdata4.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/cbook_reconciledCheckAct.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_reconexamp.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_servch.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_transferin.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_CashFlow.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_1.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_2.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/cc_TransactionRptExpenses.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_TransactionRptVisa.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_accounts.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_final.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_interest.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_payment.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_purchases.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_reconcile.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_reconcile_init.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_refund.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_AfterGetOnlineQuotes.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_BeforeGetOnlineQuotes.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_PutTogether_AfterMoney.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_PutTogether_AfterStocks.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_PutTogether_AussieHouse.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_addcurr.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_main1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_main2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_main3.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_peditor.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/currency_purchase_AfterBoat.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_purchase_AfterStocks.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/currency_purchase_BeforeBoat.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_purchase_BeforeStocks.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_purchase_Commodities.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/currency_purchase_MoveMoney.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_purchase_SetExchangeRate.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/currency_purchase_ToAmount.png | Bin
.../currency_trading_Price_Database_initial.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/currency_trading_acct_setup.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_trading_acct_setup_2.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_trading_accts_after_tfr.png | Bin
.../currency_trading_accts_after_trf_back.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_trading_balance_sheet.png | Bin
.../currency_trading_prices_after_trf_back.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_trading_transfer_funds.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans1.png | Bin
.../figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans2.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/currency_trading_trf_back.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/dep_assetmain.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/dep_assetreg.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/dep_example.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest2Lots0RegB4Scrub.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest2Lots1B4Scrub.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/invest2Lots2LotsAftScrubAcct.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/invest2Lots3RegAftScrubAcct.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/investLots0_RegB4Scrub.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/investLots1_BeforeCreateLot.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/investLots2_BeforeScrub1Lot.png | Bin
.../figures/investLots2_RegAfterScrub1Lot.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/investLotsSplitLot0.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/investLotsSplitLot1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/investLotsSplitReg.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_AccountsPredef.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_SetupPortfolio2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_SetupPortfolio3.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_dividendcash.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/invest_dividendreinvest1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_int1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_int2-1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_int2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_int3.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_merge2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_merge3.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_newaccount.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_newsecurity.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_peditor.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_peditor2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_ret_of_cap.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_selectsecurity.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_sellstock.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_sellstock2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_sellstockLoss2.png | Bin
.../figures/invest_sellstockManProfCombNet.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfSep.png | Bin
.../figures/invest_sellstockManProfSepNet.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_setup_current.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/invest_setup_portfolio1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_simplesplit1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_split1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_split2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_split3.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_split4.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_split5.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_stockmerge1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/invest_stockvalue_report.png | Bin
.../figures/invest_stockvalue_report_options.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanCalculation.png | Bin
.../figures/loans_PrivateLoanFirstPayment.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanInitial.png | Bin
.../figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPayment.png | Bin
.../loans_PrivateLoanSecondPaymentAccounts.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_fcalc.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_mortgage1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_mortgage2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_mortgage3.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/oview_intro.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_CashFlow.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/txns_TransactionRptChecking.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/txns_TransactionRptExpenses.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window3.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_register_2account.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/txns_register_2account2.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/txns_register_multiaccount.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_registersplit2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_registersplit3.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_registersplit4.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_registersplit5.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_registersplit6.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-2.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-frequency.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-overview.png | Bin
.../guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-template.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-4.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor_slr.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger1.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger2.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger3.png | Bin
{C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger4.png | Bin
{ja => zh}/guide/fop.xconf.in | 28 +-
zh/guide/gnc-glossary.xml | 540 +++++
{C => zh}/guide/gnc_Sample_QIF.qif | 0
zh/guide/index.docbook | 737 ++++++
{pt => zh}/guide/legal.xml | 2 +-
zh/xsl/zh-chm.xsl | 18 +
zh/xsl/zh-fo.xsl | 79 +
257 files changed, 7602 insertions(+), 2051 deletions(-)
copy docbook/{gnc-gui-it.dtd => gnc-gui-zh.dtd} (58%)
create mode 100644 fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Bold.otf
create mode 100644 fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSansCN-Regular.otf
create mode 100644 fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Bold.otf
create mode 100644 fonts/opentype/source/SourceHanSerifCN-Regular.otf
create mode 100644 fonts/truetype/Arphic/ukai.ttc
copy xsl/{procedure.xsl => general-chm-customization.xsl} (51%)
copy xsl/{procedure.xsl => general-epub-customization.xsl} (52%)
copy xsl/{procedure.xsl => general-fo-customization.xsl} (52%)
copy {ru => zh}/CMakeLists.txt (70%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/CMakeLists.txt (96%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/appendixa.xml (97%)
copy {ru => zh}/guide/appendixd.xml (98%)
create mode 100644 zh/guide/ch_accts.xml
create mode 100644 zh/guide/ch_basics.xml
copy {ru => zh}/guide/ch_budgets.xml (99%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/ch_bus_features.xml (99%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/ch_capgain.xml (91%)
create mode 100644 zh/guide/ch_cbook.xml
create mode 100644 zh/guide/ch_cc.xml
copy {C => zh}/guide/ch_configuring.xml (96%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/ch_currency.xml (79%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/ch_dep.xml (99%)
create mode 100644 zh/guide/ch_expenses.xml
copy {C => zh}/guide/ch_import_business_data.xml (99%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/ch_importing.xml (97%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/ch_invest.xml (68%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/ch_loans.xml (98%)
copy {ru => zh}/guide/ch_oth_assets.xml (99%)
create mode 100644 zh/guide/ch_oview.xml
copy {C => zh}/guide/ch_python_bindings.xml (97%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/ch_reports.xml (95%)
create mode 100644 zh/guide/ch_txns.xml
copy {de => zh}/guide/fdl-appendix.xml (99%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/fdl.txt (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/Report_Investment_Lots.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/accts_CreateAssetsAccount.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/accts_DefaultExpenseAccounts.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/accts_DefaultIncomeAccounts.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/accts_toplevel.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/accts_tree.png (100%)
create mode 100644 zh/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.png
copy {it => zh}/guide/figures/basics_AccountRelationships.svg (85%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_Accounts.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_AccountsSampleQIF.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_CheckAccount.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_SalarySplit.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_compact.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_expanded.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_groceries.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_DoubleEntryIntro_salary.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_EmptyAccounts.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Accounts.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Finish.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_Setup.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_NewAccountHierarchySetup_currency.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_NewBookOpts.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_QIF_Import_welcome.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_SaveSQL.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_SaveXML.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/basics_TipOfDay.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_billedit.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_billnew.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_billpost.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_jobnew.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_payment.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_vendorfind.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ap_vendornew.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_custfind.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_custnew.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicechange3.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoiceedit.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicenew.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoicepost.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_invoiceprint.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_jobnew.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_ar_payment.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_co_reg.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex3.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_pay_ex4.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_tax_main.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_tax_new.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_terms_main.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/bus_terms_new.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/capgain_app2main.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/capgain_app3main.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/capgain_appmain.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_CashFlow.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_TransactionRptAssets.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_TransactionRptExpenses.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_atm.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_bankstmt.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_chartaccts5.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_checkexamp.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_gcashdata4.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_reconciledCheckAct.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_reconexamp.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_servch.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cbook_transferin.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_CashFlow.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_Reversing_Transaction_2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_TransactionRptExpenses.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_TransactionRptVisa.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_accounts.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_final.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_interest.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_payment.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_purchases.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_reconcile.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_reconcile_init.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/cc_refund.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_AfterGetOnlineQuotes.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_BeforeGetOnlineQuotes.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AfterMoney.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AfterStocks.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_PutTogether_AussieHouse.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_addcurr.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_main1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_main2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_main3.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_peditor.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_purchase_AfterBoat.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_purchase_AfterStocks.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_purchase_BeforeBoat.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_purchase_BeforeStocks.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_purchase_Commodities.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_purchase_MoveMoney.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_purchase_SetExchangeRate.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_purchase_ToAmount.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_trading_Price_Database_initial.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_trading_acct_setup.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_trading_acct_setup_2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_trading_accts_after_tfr.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_trading_accts_after_trf_back.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_trading_balance_sheet.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_trading_prices_after_trf_back.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_funds.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_trading_transfer_trans2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/currency_trading_trf_back.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/dep_assetmain.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/dep_assetreg.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/dep_example.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest2Lots0RegB4Scrub.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest2Lots1B4Scrub.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest2Lots2LotsAftScrubAcct.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest2Lots3RegAftScrubAcct.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/investLots0_RegB4Scrub.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/investLots1_BeforeCreateLot.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/investLots2_BeforeScrub1Lot.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/investLots2_RegAfterScrub1Lot.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/investLotsSplitLot0.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/investLotsSplitLot1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/investLotsSplitReg.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_AccountsPredef.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_SetupPortfolio2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_SetupPortfolio3.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_dividendcash.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_dividendreinvest1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_int1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_int2-1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_int2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_int3.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_merge2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_merge3.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_newaccount.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_newsecurity.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_peditor.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_peditor2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_ret_of_cap.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_selectsecurity.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_sellstock.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_sellstock2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_sellstockLoss2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfCombNet.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfSep.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_sellstockManProfSepNet.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_setup_current.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_setup_portfolio1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_simplesplit1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_split1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_split2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_split3.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_split4.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_split5.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_stockmerge1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue_report.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/invest_stockvalue_report_options.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanCalculation.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanFirstPayment.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanInitial.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPayment.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_PrivateLoanSecondPaymentAccounts.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_fcalc.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_mortgage1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_mortgage2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/loans_mortgage3.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/oview_intro.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_CashFlow.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_TransactionRptChecking.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_TransactionRptExpenses.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_puttoget_Charts2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_reconcile_window3.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_register_2account.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_register_2account2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_register_multiaccount.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_registersplit2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_registersplit3.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_registersplit4.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_registersplit5.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_registersplit6.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-frequency.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-overview.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-3-template.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor-4.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_editor_slr.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger1.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger2.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger3.png (100%)
copy {C => zh}/guide/figures/txns_sxn_ledger4.png (100%)
copy {ja => zh}/guide/fop.xconf.in (71%)
create mode 100644 zh/guide/gnc-glossary.xml
copy {C => zh}/guide/gnc_Sample_QIF.qif (100%)
create mode 100644 zh/guide/index.docbook
copy {pt => zh}/guide/legal.xml (98%)
create mode 100644 zh/xsl/zh-chm.xsl
create mode 100644 zh/xsl/zh-fo.xsl
More information about the gnucash-changes
mailing list